ʻO Gyurza - nui ka ʻu. ʻO ke kino o ka wahine i ka lōʻihi hiki ke piʻi i 1.5 mika. ʻOi aku ka pōkole, ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino.

He poʻomanaʻo nui lākou i ke poʻo me ka muzzle a puni. ʻAʻohe pale pale pale ma luna o nā maka. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino, ke poʻo a me ka maka me nā unahi. ʻO ke poʻo he kala monochromatic, ma nā hihia maʻamau, loaʻa paha iā ia nā kihi ʻ V like V. He ʻeleʻele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ka hope o ka nahe.

ʻO ka kala monophonic ke kala, akā i kekahi manawa ma ka kua i hope kekahi ʻano i ka hana i kahi laina longitudinal a i ʻole ʻelua mau kau o nā wahi. ʻEleʻele ka kiaʻi ma mua o ke kala nui. Hiki iā brown, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele hina, ʻaʻole i emi pinepine - ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, ʻoliva. He ʻāpana māmā a ka ʻōpū me nā wahi pōkole liʻiliʻi.

Nā ʻano o Gyurza

Ua hoʻomāhuahua ka waiwai nui o ka ʻāina reptilian i nā loli nui, e hoʻomaka ana me ka hypothesis e noho ʻia ana ka ʻāina āpau e nā kime ʻano nui. I ka hui XIX - XX mau kenekulia. ua hoʻoholo nā mea ola lāʻau ʻaʻole hoʻokahi, akā ʻehā mau mea pili i ola ma ka Honua - V. mauritanica, V. schweizeri, V. deserti, a me V. lebetina. Ma hope o kēia kaʻawale ʻana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Vipera lebetina ʻo gyurza wale nō. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻokiʻoki a nā ʻokiʻoki mai ka ʻōpū o nā ʻōkole māmā (Vipera), a lilo ka ʻo gyurza iā Macrovipera.

He hoihoi! I ka 2001, e pili ana i ka loiloi genetic molekepeke, ʻelua mau ʻApelika Komohana o ka gyurz (M. deserti a me M. mauritanica) ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka genus Daboia, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea paʻa, nā mea paʻa a me nā ʻōlio Palesitina.

Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻike nā poʻe herpetologists i 5 mau subspecies o gyurza, 3 he mau i loaʻa ma ka Caucasus / Central Asia (ma ke ʻano o ka Soviet Union mua. Noho ʻo Transcaucasian gyurza ma Lūkia, me ka nui o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me ka pau ʻole (nui liʻiliʻi) o nā wahiʻeleʻele o ka ʻōpū.

Ma kēia he mea maʻamau e kamaʻilio e pili ana i 6 mau subspecies, kahi e nīnau nei i kekahi.

• Macrovipera lebetina lebetina - ola mau. Kupelo,
• Macrovipera lebetina turanica (Central Asian gyurza) - noho i ka hema o Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Western Tajikistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan a me North-West India,
• ʻO Macrovipera lebetina obtusa (Transcaucasian gyurza) - noho i Transcaucasia, Dagestan, Turkey, Iraq, Iran a me Suria,
• Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea,
• Macrovipera lebetina cernovi,
• Macrovipera lebetina peilei - ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu piha i nā subspecies

Noho kahi e noho ai

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻīpana o kēia ʻano i ka maloʻo. Loaʻa ka hapa pinepine i loaʻa iā lākou ma ʻAmelika (ma komohana), Asia, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, India.

ʻO kahi kūpono he wahi kuahiwi kuahiwi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana pōpoki i uhi ʻia me nā mākaʻi artisanal, nā kahawai wai, nā hale i haʻalele ʻia a i ʻole hoʻi he pā waina. ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e piʻi ai ka gyurza he 1.5-2 km.

ʻO ka pono a me ka meaʻai o ka gyurza

Holoi ka reptile i ka wā o ka lā. I ka wā wela, he mea hana ia i ka pō, i nā lā he ao - i ka lā nui. Manaʻo nuiʻo Gyurza i ka pōʻeleʻele a uaʻike maikaʻi ia iā ia. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i kona ʻano no ka ʻoli ʻana e ʻimi no ka waiwai. Hiki iā ia ke noho i kekahi kaiāulu - mai nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe a i nā kīhiku a me nā lāʻau lāʻau, mai nā ululāʻau a i kahi papa pōhaku. No kahi reptile, ʻelua mea nui e koho ai i kahi wahi e noho ai: kahi loko wai kokoke a i kumu kumu paha, a me nā mea nui he nui e noho ana ma ka wahi i koho ʻia.

No ka hoʻoilo, piʻi ʻo ia i loko o kahi lua a nānā paha; aia kona keʻena i kahi hohonu o 1 mika. He winters ma laila mai 130 a 150 lā. Me nā haʻalulu lōʻihi, make kekahi poʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke hānau i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a i kekahi pūʻulu a he 10 mau kānaka pākahi. I nā wā mahana, aia kēlā me kēia gyurza i kona wahi āpau, kahi e hānai ʻia ai. ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻaiʻai he rodents, akā ua ʻai pū ka reptile i nā lizards, nā manu, a me nā mea hou aku. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio.

ʻAno hānau

ʻO nā reptile kēia oviparous. Hana lākou i ka waiho ʻana i ke kauwela, mai Iulai a ʻAukake. ʻO ka maʻamau ke ʻano o ka hua 15-30 hua, uhi ʻia me ka mea hōʻili i ka poki manu. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio mai nā hua i loko o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa, i.e. hanau ma Aukake-Kepakemapa. ʻO ke kino o ka nahe ʻōlapa hou he 25-27 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona nei iā 10-12 kalā.

Hānau kūʻokoʻa ka hua hānau a laha koke nā nāhelehele i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole. ʻAʻole noho nā ʻōpio i ko lākou ola ma hope. E lilo i wahine i ka male i nā makahiki he 3.

Hoʻololi

ʻO ka manawa mua loa i hoʻokahi makahiki, he kū pono nā luna o kēia ʻano ʻano ma hope o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. I loko o kēia manawa, ʻaʻole lākou palani a hūnā mai nā mea āpau i ko lākou mau pā, no ka mea he palupalu (paʻakikī hiki ke ʻike a pane aku i ka hoʻoweliweli, ʻeha ʻia kēlā me kēia kino kino no lākou)

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka molting kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa, no laila ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻili o ka gyurza ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana i ka wai a ʻuʻuku paha i ka ʻāina palupalu ma kahi o nā kumu wai. Ma hope o ka molting, hoʻomaha lākou i kahi hoʻomaha no kahi lā aʻe, i hiki ʻole ke neʻe. Maopopo? ʻO ka nahesa lōʻihi loa i ka honua ka python Fluffy mai Ohio. ʻO kona kino he 7.31 mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ka 136 kg. Hōʻalo ka poʻeʻelemakule i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka makahiki: ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, ma Iulai, ma mua o ka hoʻoilo. No ka manawa mua i loko o ko lākou ola ʻana, ua hele nā ​​ʻōpī pēpē hou i kēia kaʻina 2-3 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻaʻole i hiki i ka wā o nā polerty molt a hiki i 8 mau makahiki i ka makahiki.

ʻO ka mea make lili Gyurza

ʻO Gyurza venom ka mea like loa i ka hoʻopili / hopena i ka ʻā o ka viper Russell infamous, kahi e hoʻomoʻi ai i ke kōkōkōkō i ke koko (DIC), i hoʻopili ʻia e ka lemema hemorrhagic ākea. ʻO Gyurza me kāna waiʻona ikaika, ʻaʻole i like me ka hapanui o nā nahesa, ʻaʻole makaʻu i nā poʻe a e noho pinepine i ka wahi me ka haki ʻole i ka wahi paʻa. ʻAʻoleʻo ia i wikiwiki e pakele, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻokaʻawale i ke kali ʻana i nā hanana. ʻO kahi mea mākaʻikaʻi i ʻike ʻole a nānā ʻole i loko o ka nahesa e hoʻokūkū i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha ʻana mai i ka lolo wikiwiki.

E like me ka wikiwiki a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole, ua ʻoki wale nā ​​vipers i nā ʻīlio a me ka holoholona i ka ʻohiʻohi. Ma hope o kahi hoʻopuʻi o ka gyurza, ʻaʻole ola nā holoholona. Pehea e pili ai i ka olakino e pili ana i ke olakino o ka mea e pelo ai i ke ʻano o nā mea like ʻole - ka nui o ka make o ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻeha, ka wahi o ka ʻalā, ka hohonu o ka komo ʻana o nā niho, akāʻo ka pono o ke kino / noʻonoʻo o ka mea ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā mea make o nā wīwī a hui pū ʻia me nā hōʻailona aʻe (e nānā ʻia nā mea ʻelua i nā ʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu):

• ʻeha kaumaha ʻeha
• ka hāmama nui ʻana i ka mākā,
• nāwaliwali a me ka hilahila,
• nausea a me ka pokole o ka hanu
• edema nui hemorrhagic,
• kahe koko paʻa ʻole,
• hana ʻino i nā kino o loko,
• kikoʻnopela kiko ma ke kahua o ka pōʻai.

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka venurza venom i nā lāʻau lapaʻau nui. ʻO Viprosal (kahi hopena hoʻonaninani kaulana no ka rheumatism / radiculitis), me ka lāʻomaʻo hemostatic ʻo Lebetox, e haku ʻia mai ka huina gyurza. ʻO ka lua ua ʻōlelo nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka hemophilia a ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana no ka hana ʻana ma nā kuei. Hoʻopiliʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lebetox no kahi hoʻokahi a me hoʻokahi hapa minuke.

He aha ka hana me ka uū o ka gyurza?

ʻO ke kumu nui a me ka hana pono o ke kōkua me kahi pōpoki o ka gyurza ka hoʻokele o ka serum anti-ula. ʻO ka hapalua o ka lemona e mālama ʻia ʻekolu mau a ʻehā mau inikini ma luna o ka pūnaewele o ka kuʻina. Kuhi ʻia ka serum i koe ma ka ʻāina scapular (inā paha kahi i mākaʻeke i ka lima) a i ʻole ka pahu paha (inā ua hoka nā ʻōpū.) Holoi maikaʻi ʻo Serum i kahi komo ma mua o hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka pīhoihoi.

ʻAʻohe mea me ka pīkī o ka gyurza hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke kuni i ka māka me ka mea wela, no ka mea he palaʻai ikaika nā niho ʻoi e komo ana i loko o nā kiko o ka iwi, a ʻaʻole hiki i ka cauterization ke hoʻopau i ka hopena o ka maʻi hake. Ma kahi'ē aʻe, nā lāʻau scab i lalo o ka maʻi ke hele a maʻalahi, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka hana. Hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻopūʻai me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea make ʻona, e like me nā mea spiders, a laila inā hana wale ʻia kēia ma hope o ka pōʻaka.

ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e luhi i ke koko mai ka ʻeha, hoʻohelena koke aku. ʻO ka make ʻana o nā nahesa mai ka lawaiʻa e hoʻopau ʻapo ʻia, a ʻaʻole hiki ke keʻa ke ʻapo ʻia ʻo ia, inā he mau niho ʻino kāna. Pono ke ʻū a ʻaʻole hoʻi e huki i ke koko e lilo i lōʻihi ma mua o 5-8 mau minuke. Ma hope o kēia, ua pono e hana i ka lotion mai ka hopena palupalu o ka potassium permanganate, waikaa a i ʻole soda.

Pono e hoʻokomo ʻia ka immobilization piha ʻana o ka manamana lima. Hāʻawi ʻia ka mea ʻai i ka wai ʻona (ʻawa, ayran, wai). Akā ʻo ka mea nui loa e hāʻawi i ka mea i ka haukapila i ka hiki ke hiki.

Me ke kōkua manawa kūpono, mau ka hou ʻana i ka mea i ka lā aʻe.

No ka mālamaʻana i ka poʻe i paʻi ʻia e gyurza, hoʻohana ʻia ka serum anti-gyurz. Ma USSR, hoʻomaka ia e hana i ka makahiki 1930 - mua ma Tashkent, a laila ma Baku a me Frunze (kēia manawa ʻo Bishkek). I Lūkini, ʻaʻole i hua ʻia ka seru Antigyurz; pono e kūʻai ʻia i kahi ʻē aʻe. Kōkua Anti-Gyurz me kahi ʻuʻā o ka gyurza, efa a me nā vipers. He polyvalent. Akā i ka manawa like, ʻike pono ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e aʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka serum i ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā vipers.

ʻO nā ʻikepili ma ka Wild

ʻO ka ʻenemi nui o ka gyurza ka mea mākaʻikaʻi monitor. Māna ʻo ia i ka meʻala o kēia mau reptile. Mai ka manawa o ka wā, e lilo nā vipers i mau ʻīlio no ka ʻīlio, nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki, nā alopeke, nā mea ʻoki ʻai, nā ʻoni ʻokiʻoki a me nā nakahi hou. ʻAʻohe ona makaʻu o ia i ka poʻe, a ua make kāna mea ʻona i kēlā me kēia kekona. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka hāʻawi wale ʻana i ke kōkua mua i ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia a me ka puʻupaʻa e hoʻopakele i kona ola.

Ehia ka ola o ka gyurza

I ka hihiu, ola nā vipers Levantine i kahi mau makahiki he 10, akā hoʻokahi mau manawa lōʻihi a hiki i 20 makahiki - i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. ^ E Ha yM. Akā no ka hapanui o ke ola o ka gyurza, ʻekolu mau manawa o ka makahiki he mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻili kahiko - ma hope a ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, a i ka waena o ke kauwela (he koho no kēia molt). ʻO nā reptile hou ua nalowale i ko lākou kino i nā lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a hiki i ka 8 mau makahiki i ka makahiki.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

ʻAʻole hōʻike nā hui kaiapuni o nā wahi ākea i ka hopohopo kūikawā e pili ana i nā vipers a Levantine, e noʻonoʻo ana i ko lākou honua ākea e nui.

He hoihoi! Kākoʻo ʻia ka hopena i loko o nā helu: ma kahi maʻamau maʻamau, loaʻa i ka gyurz he 4 naheloa i kēlā me 1 ha, a he 20 mau mea hou e hōʻiliʻili i kēlā me kēia hectare kokoke i kahi mau kūlohelohe kūlohelohe (i ka mahina o ʻAukake-Kepakemapa).

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau wahi (me ka palena o Lūkia ka palena o ka nui), ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o nā herpes ma muli o nā hana a ke kanaka a me ka hopu ʻole ʻana i nā reptile. Ua hoʻomaka nā nīnū aku i nā ʻāpana mai ko lākou mau wahi, e pili ana i nā ʻano Macrovipera lebetina i hāʻule i ka Red Book of Kazakhstan (II Category) a me Dagestan (II kākā), a ua komo pū ʻia me ka helu whakahou o ka Red Book of the Russian Federation (III Category).

ʻO kaʻikepili Gyurza

ʻO ka inoa waena inoa Reptile - Levantine Viper. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ia nō, ke hele mai nei i ka hua o nā kūleʻa nui, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻohana viper. Ma Turkmenistan ua kaulana ʻo ia he ʻano ʻīlio pua (at-ilan), ma Uzbekistan - he ʻāle ʻalae (kok-pila), a me ka inoa maʻamau no ka rumah Rusia "gurza" i hoʻi i ka gurz Persia, ʻo ia ka inoa "mace". Hoʻohana nā Herpetologists i nā hua'ōlelo Latin Macrovipera lebetina.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano

E ala ana nā nāhelehele i ka pūnāwai (Malaki - ʻApelila) a hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ea ma +10 ° C. ʻIke mua ʻia ʻo Males, a ma hope iho o hoʻokahi pule, ua lele nā ​​wahine wahine. ʻAʻole lākou e hele koke i ka wahi hopu holoholona o ka gyurza, ka ʻā ʻana i kekahi manawa ma ka lā kokoke i ka hoʻoilo "apartments". I ka hoʻomakaʻana o Mei, ua haʻalele pinepine nā vanters i nā kuahiwi, e iho ana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Kēia mau ʻīlio e kolo ana ma waena o ka ʻīlio pono'ī.

ʻO ka pā pono nui o nā reptile e ʻike pono ʻia i loko o ke kahawai, kokoke i nā muliwai a me nā punawai - ke inu nui ka wai o Gyurza i ka wai a makemake hoʻi i ka ʻauʻau, aʻo ka hopu ʻana i nā manu yawning. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela (a hiki i ka hopena o ʻAukake), hele nā ​​snakes i ka mode night a me ka ʻimi ma ke ahiahi, a i ka pō a i ka hapa mua o ka pō. ʻO ka ʻike maikaʻi a me nā moʻo kūpono o ka ʻono e kōkua i ke kōkua ʻana i ka mea pio i ka pō. Hūnā lākou mai ka wela ʻana i ke awakea ma waena o nā pōhaku, i nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, ma nā lāʻau a i nā gorges maloʻo. ʻO ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū, hana ikaika ʻia ka gyurza i ke ao.

Nui! I nā anuanu, hoʻi ka mea kime o ka Levantine i nā hale mālama hoʻoilo, ka hānau ʻana i hoʻokahi a hui pū kekahi paha (a 12 mau hapa kanaka). No ka hoʻoilo, noho lākou i nā ʻolua i haʻalele ʻia, i loko o nā crevice a me nā peʻa o nā pōhaku. Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana ma kahi o Nowemapa a hoʻopau ma Malaki - ʻApelila

He kapa hoʻopunipuni ke ʻano o ka gyurza (me he mea lā hoʻi, me he mea lā ua ʻoki ʻia ke kino), no ka mea ke manaʻo ʻia nei ka nahe a lohi. Ma kēia manaʻo kuhihewa i waiho aku ai i nā amateurs e ʻoi aku ma mua o ka manawa hoʻokahi, a ʻoiai he mea hānai i nā naheka i ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia i ka hune o ka gyurza.

ʻIke ʻo Herpetologist e piʻi maikaʻi kahi reptile i nā kumulāʻau, lele a lele koke i ka ʻāina, holo koke i ka pilikia. Ke hopohopo nei i ke hoʻoweliweli, ʻaʻole pinepine nā gyurza i mau pinepine, akā hoʻouka pinepine ʻia, e hoʻolei i kahi hoʻokūkū e like me ka lōʻihi o kona kino. ʻAʻole hiki i kēlā me nā mea haki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka gyurza i kona lima, me ka pale wale nō i kona poʻo. I nā hoʻāʻo e uha, ʻaʻole i mālama ka nahepū i kona ʻūhā haʻahaʻa, e koi ana i mea e hōʻeha iki i kekahi.

Mea hoʻohālikelike o Gurza

Hoʻopili loa ia i ka hui / hopena i ka pona o ka viper Russell infamous, kahi e hoʻokūkū ai i ke koko coagulation (DIC), i hui pū ʻia me ka hemorrhagic edema ākea. ʻO Gyurza me kāna waiʻona ikaika, ʻaʻole i like me ka hapanui o nā nahesa, ʻaʻole makaʻu i nā poʻe a e noho pinepine i ka wahi me ka haki ʻole i ka wahi paʻa. ʻAʻoleʻo ia i wikiwiki e pakele, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻokaʻawale i ke kali ʻana i nā hanana. ʻO kahi mea mākaʻikaʻi i ʻike ʻole a nānā ʻole i kahi pahele e holo ana i ka luhi me ka hoʻolalelale wikiwiki ʻana a me ka pōpoki.

E like me ka wikiwiki a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole, ua ʻoki wale nā ​​vipers i nā ʻīlio a me ka holoholona i ka ʻohiʻohi. Ma hope o kahi hoʻopuʻi o ka gyurza, ʻaʻole ola nā holoholona. Pehea e pili ai i ka olakino e pili ana i ke olakino o ka mea e pelo ai i ke ʻano o nā mea like ʻole - ka nui o ka make o ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻeha, ka wahi o ka ʻalā, ka hohonu o ka komo ʻana o nā niho, akāʻo ka pono o ke kino / noʻonoʻo o ka mea ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā mea make o nā wīwī a hui pū ʻia me nā hōʻailona aʻe (e nānā ʻia nā mea ʻelua i nā ʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu):

• ʻeha kaumaha ʻeha
• ka hāmama nui ʻana i ka mākā,
• nāwaliwali a me ka hilahila,
• nausea a me ka pokole o ka hanu
• edema nui hemorrhagic,
• kahe koko paʻa ʻole,
• hana ʻino i nā kino o loko,
• kikoʻnopela kiko ma ke kahua o ka pōʻai.

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka venurza venom i nā lāʻau lapaʻau nui. ʻO Viprosal (kahi hopena hoʻonaninani kaulana no ka rheumatism / radiculitis), me ka lāʻomaʻo hemostatic ʻo Lebetox, e haku ʻia mai ka huina gyurza. ʻO ka lua ua ʻōlelo nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka hemophilia a ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana no ka hana ʻana ma nā kuei. Hoʻopiliʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lebetox no kahi hoʻokahi a me hoʻokahi hapa minuke.

He hoihoi! ʻO ka make kino mai nā huki le Transcaucasian gyurz ke kokoke nei i ka 10-15% (me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻana). E like me ka antidote, polyvalent anti-snake serum a i kau ʻia i ka Ser-Gyurza serum i hoʻopuka ʻia (ʻaʻole lākou i hana ma Russia). Ke pāpā ʻia nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī.

ʻO Habitat, noho

He nui nā kikowaena o Gyurza - noho ʻo ia i nā wahi ākea o ʻApelika Komohana, ʻAsia (Middle, South a West), the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Western Pakistan, Afghanistan, North-West India a me nā mokupuni o ka Moana Mediterranean.

Loaʻa ʻia ʻo Gyurza ma ka wahi post-Soviet - ma Central Asia a me Transcaucasia, me ka penikala ʻo Absheron (Azerbaijan). Noho ka poʻe ʻōlaʻi Isolated ma Dagestan. ^ E Ha yM. Kekahi mau naʻo huaʻōlelo ma muli o ka luku luku ʻia i noho hema ma Kazakhstan.

Nui! Ke makemake nui ʻo Gyurza i nā biotopes o ke kai semi-wao, nā wao nahele a me nā ʻalepona kahi i pae ai, kahi i loaʻa ai nā meaʻai i nā ʻano o nā voles, nā gerbils a me nā pikas. Hiki iā ia ke piʻi i nā kuahiwi a hiki i 2,5 km (Pamir) a hiki i 2 km ma luna o ke kai nui (Turkmenistan a me Armenia)

Hoʻopili ka nahesa i nā maloʻo e maloʻo ai a me nā ʻōpala me nā lāʻau, ke kāʻei i nā wahi lāʻau pistachio, nā pali o nā waipuna o ka wai, nā pali a me nā awāwa wai, nā puʻu wai me nā kahawai a me nā kahawai. Lawa pinepine aʻe i loko o ke kaona i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka ʻohu o nā kiʻī a me ke alo o nā hale noho.

Kai meaʻai Gyurza

ʻO ka hele ʻana o kahi gyurza e pili ana i ka hele ʻana o kekahi ʻano mea ola i ka meaʻai - ma kekahi mau ʻāina ua hilinaʻi ia i nā mammals liʻiliʻi, ma nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e makemake ai nā manu. Hōʻike ʻia ka honu no ka hopena o hope, ma nā hiʻohiʻona e nā ʻuhane wahine o Central Asia, ka mea e hōʻole ʻole ʻia i kekahi manu i ka nui o ka manu nunu.

ʻO ka hana maʻamau ka gyurza i hana ʻia i ia mau holoholona.

Ma ke ala, nā poʻe ʻōpio a me nā pōloli wahine i ʻike ʻole i nā mea hoihoi a nani hoʻi i kiʻi ʻia ke kiʻi ʻia nā reptile. Ke ʻimi nei ka nahesa i nā manu e lele i kahi lua wai e peʻe ana i loko o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ma waena o nā pōhaku. Eia ke lele aku ka manu i kona kiaʻi ʻana, hopu ke ka gyurza iā ia me kāna mau niho koʻikoʻi, akā ʻaʻole loa ia e alualu i ka mea ke aloha ʻole e pakele. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mau ka lele i ka manawa - ma lalo o ka mana o ka hopena, make ka mea make.

He hoihoi! Kele ʻia kahi nahesa i ka pōʻai a loaʻa kahi ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi, e waiho ana pēlā a ʻo ke ʻāpana i ke kino ma loko o ka lā. ʻAʻole holo i kahi gyurza maikaʻi no ko nā lā 3-4, e hoʻoili ana i nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ua kōkua ʻo ka gyurza i mea e hoʻopakele ai i nā hua i nā kīhāpai, me ka luku ʻana i nā pua o ka nui o nā pōʻaiʻai ikaika, nā limu liʻiliʻi

Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

Manaʻo ka līlū i ka ʻenemi weliweli loa o ka gyurza, no ka mea, he mea pale maoli ia i ka lāʻau ʻona nui. Akā ʻoi aku ka poʻe reptile e ka poʻe mammalian, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻi ʻia - nā pōpoki hae, nā ʻīlio hihiu, nā ʻīlio hihiu a me nā alopeke - mai hana iā lākou. Ua hoʻouka ʻia ka gyurza mai ka lewa - ʻike ʻia kahi ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻai ʻoki. Pēlā nō hoʻi, ʻo reptile, ʻoi aku nā mea ʻōpio, hāʻule pinepine i ka papa i nā nahesa ʻē aʻe.