ʻO nā mea inikua o kēia ʻohana, e like me nā wasps maʻamau, ʻaʻole i ka ʻepekema nui loa.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana mea makaʻi e nā ʻano o waho a me nā ʻano. ʻO ko lākou hele ʻana i kahi lāʻau a me kahi ala parasit o ka hoʻohālikelike e hui pū - e kau ana i nā hua ma nā ʻalā o nā pepona ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ke kū nei kēia mau hymenoptera me kahi ovipositor lōʻihi, ʻaʻole pili i ka mau piʻu.
Kāleka
ʻO ka nui o nā pākeke mai ka 3cm a hiki i 3 a ʻoi paha kenimika. Aia nō ka kala i kēlā me kēia ʻano. Hoʻohui pinepine ke kino me kahi ʻōpū elongated. He lōʻihi ovipositor ka wahine i hiki ʻole ke huki ʻia paha i loko o ka ʻōpū. He mau mea ʻalopona lākou a me kahi koʻikoʻi ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana o nā wasps. He ʻēheu ka nui o nā ʻano manu. Loaʻa kekahi mau wahine i nā ʻēheu a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i kekahi o nā ʻano o nā ʻōpala.
Hoʻopili ma ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu ma nā kino o nā hua ʻino o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Aia ka nui o nā hua i ka pipi ma muli o nā ʻano kikoʻī.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā waspohliki makemake e kau i nā hua ma nā ʻili.
Hiki i ka mea ʻai ke hoʻopiha i ka manawa ʻelua a i ʻelua mau kenekulia e hoʻomoe. Ua make ka pepeke manuahi mai ka luhi ʻana ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ka haumana. Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, mālama ka mālama i kona kino ma kahi kūlana.
Pāʻili lākou i ka hua ʻai o nā pi, nā manu, nā lele, nā pine pine a me nā pīpī ʻē aʻe, a me nā ʻōpua.
Noho hoʻokahi wale nā pālule. Kūkulu lākou i nā mea ulu i ka ʻāina a hoʻohana paha i nā wahi kūlohelohe - nā kumu kanu, nānaka i ka ʻāʻā lāʻau, a me ka ʻāina ʻole.
Kahiwila
Loaʻa ka ʻili ʻo Mutillidae i nā wahi hele wāwae. Ka puni honua, ʻoi aku ma kahi o 4 tausani mau ʻano o nā mutillides.
ʻO ka nui loa o ka pākeke he ʻekolu kenimika. Aia he mau hiʻohiʻona ʻike: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka kala o nā kāne. Ua uhi ʻia nā wahine me nā lauoho loloa lōʻihi a i ʻole nā ʻēheu - kapa pinepine lākou iā lākou he mau ʻulu ʻōpū. He nui a Abdomen, convex, ke kino o ke kala ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula me nā ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻole kūkulu kēia ʻano i nā mea hihiu. Parasitizing i loko o nā hana a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, e kau ana ka wahine i nā hua manu ma luna o nā keiki āpau. ʻOi aku ka pīpī, nā pi, a me nā lele. Inā pono, hiki i ka lolo ke kū pū me ia. Me ke koʻokoʻo lōʻihi, hakakā ʻo ka wahine i ke kaua ʻana mai e nā pua a me nā kahu e mālama i kāna pūnana.
Nā Palepihi
Noho ʻo Pompilidae ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Ua wehewehe nā poʻe noiʻi i nā 4900 ʻano o nā pompilides. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou i nā kuʻuna pili. Loaʻa nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau puʻupuʻu i ʻAmelika Waena a me Kaukaia.
ʻO ka nui o kahi pākeke he 4 kenimika. ʻEleʻele paha a ʻāpana paha ke kala. Piʻokeʻo ke kino me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi ma hope. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ovipositor o nā wahine i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā ʻēheu, poni iʻeleʻele - loaʻa i kahi kala brownish.
ʻO kekahi ʻano lāʻau koʻikoʻi me ka nui o ke kino o ka 5.5 kenimika e noho ana ma Thailand. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia wasp e ke kala ʻulaʻula uliuli, he ʻōpū ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula o ka nui hoʻonaninani - he ʻāpana a hiki i 10 kenimika.
E kahe ana ka ʻūhū e waiho ana i ka lepo, me ka ʻuwī i nā mink liʻiliʻi kokoke i nā alanui. No laila ʻo ka inoa lua - nā pūpū alanui. Haka i ko lākou nui i ka nui a me ka, e hoʻokuʻi iā lākou me ka ʻawaʻawa, waiho ʻia nā hua he nui ma ke kino o ka mea nona ka hope.
Kaʻi ʻaloa
Hāʻawi ʻia ka Crabronidae ma ka honua. I ka huina he 8,000 mau ʻano. I ʻEulopa 600 o lākou e ola. Loaʻa ka nui o nā carbonides i nā wahi ʻala.
Kahi liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā pākeke a hiki i ka 2 kenimika. Ke kala a me ka helehelena, like ʻole nā pepeke me kahi wasp. ʻEleʻele ke kino me nā ʻōniʻoniʻu ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻāʻī ʻōpū. ʻO ka pōkole ka antennae. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā ʻēheu, pouli. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ovipositor o nā wahine i loko o ka ʻōpū.
Nānā nā ʻelele o nā subspecies i ʻike ka ʻike kūikawā. ʻOi makemake kekahi i ka hiʻona no ka aphids, ʻo kekahi no nā pi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe no ka hapalua mau ʻēheu a pēlā aku.
Hoʻokumu ka ʻili ʻoi i ka pōʻino nui i nā mahiʻai beekeeping.
Hoʻololi ʻia nā pepeke nāu manuahi i ka pūnana kahi e hānai ai nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio iā lākou. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā moʻo ʻana ma ke one, nā ʻauwa ʻehihe ma laila. ʻO ka inoa ʻelua, ʻo nā wasps sand.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā pepeke
ʻO nā kahelehele he infraorder o nā pepeke e pili ana i ka hymenoptera. Ma ka huina holo i loaʻa iā ia he 100 tausani mau ʻano, nona nā ʻelele, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manaʻo o ka ʻōiwi, he kūpuna maʻamau. He nui nā ahe a pau o nā kai āpau: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā pākeke ka lōʻihi ma 3 mm a 3 cm ka nui o lākou e noho nei i nā ʻāina wela. ʻIke kaulana ʻia nā kaiāulu e like me nā parasit, a makemake lākou i nā arthropods ʻē aʻe i mea he mea hoʻomanala. ʻO ka pīhoihoi o ka pūpū ke hoʻoweliweli i kahi kanaka inā loaʻa iā ia kahi pōʻino.
ʻOkoʻa ka kala a me ka nui o nā ʻano. ʻO ka hapanui o lākou he ʻōpū o ka ʻāʻī elongated, ʻili iki hoʻi, a me nā ʻūhā ʻūnā aniani, ka like me nā ʻēheu manuahi i ka ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi. Akā i ka wahine o kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe, ke hoʻohālikelike nei iā lākou e like me ka pūlima.
ʻO nā mākaʻi a me nā wasps e ʻike i nā mea āpau he mea nui ʻole: ʻo ka mea i hala, ʻaʻohe pū ʻole. Ma kahi o ka inisua e hoʻohana ai i ka ovipositor, ka mea hoʻoulu. Me kāna kōkua, hoʻopuka ka wahine i nā mea make (ʻoi aku nā pepeke liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi - nā ʻōpala manu, nā spider) i loko o ke kino, kā lākou hua a i ʻole nā ʻōpū. Akā, e like me nā wasps maʻamau, loaʻa nā mākoi mau kōpana e hūnā i ka pono ʻona. Ma nā palapala moʻomeheu haole, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau manuheo he "parasitic wasps" (Parasitic Wasp), kahi e hōʻike nei i nā mea like.
Loaʻa iā ia ka inoa o ka "Riders" o ka infra-detachment no ke ʻano o ka kaʻina hana e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā pou.
E waiho i ka hua manu ma ka uka
Mālama i nā wasps e ka lāʻau parasit i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 3 mau pūʻulu nui:
- ectoparasites, ke hoʻopiʻi i kā lākou hua i ka wai o nā mea ola ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohana ikaika ana i ka ʻili o nā maʻi palu,
- nā endoparasites, ka mea e makemake e hoʻopili i ka masonry i loko o ke kino o ka mea ʻai, ma hope o ke hele ʻana mai o nā ulala e ʻai ana i kāna mau ʻiʻo.
- superparasites - "nā huaʻai parasit", infect impecties me kahiʻano like like.
ʻO nā ʻānō o nā wasps me nā mea kuʻuna he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe kekahi.
ʻO nā mea kāhea
He ʻano palaka ʻo Sphecidae. Aia nā 800 he nui, ʻo ka hapa nui ka mea makemake e noho i nā wahi kūkulu hema.
ʻO ka nui o kahi pākeke i kekahi mau ʻelele hiki ke 6 kenimika. Pa'ū ka kino o ke kino. ʻAno ʻia ka ʻōpū, māhuahua. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Wings me nā kala i ʻōlelo ʻia i mua o ka alo.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā nests ma ka ʻāina one. Hoʻokumu kekahi mau ʻano i nā mea ʻuʻuku. Hōʻike pinepine loa lākou ma nā paia o nā hale.
Holo lākou i nā mea inikini like ʻole, makemake aku i nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻūhini. Loaʻa ka mea maʻi i ka mea i pāpaʻi, lawe ka sephid i ka ʻai mea i loko o ka pūnana, kahi i waiho ai i nā hua he nui ma luna.
Nā ʻano maʻamau
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, he nui nā ʻano o ka poʻe holo ʻōpio. I nā climates heʻoluʻolu, ʻo nā superfamilies maʻamau;
- Mimarommatids, hiki ke ola a hiki i nā pūnaehana subantarctic a me ka parasitizing i nā hua manu pepeke.
- ʻO Nutcrackers, ʻo ia nā parasit a me nā phytophages (hānai i nā meaʻai kanu).
- ʻO nā mea holoʻokoʻa Proctotrupoid me ka nui microscopic (ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 5 mm). Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e like me kahi māliʻi ola i ka mālama pest.
- ʻO Chalcides, kahi he 200 mau ʻano ma Europa. ʻO nā mea ulana manuahi e hoʻopau i nā arthropod pōʻino ʻē aʻe, a ʻo kekahi o kā lākou ʻano holoholona e komo pū ana i nā hoka o nā mea kanu.
- ʻO nā holo lio ʻo Evanoidoid, ka ʻōpū o ka diagonally e hoʻāla i pili i ka umauma. ʻO nā mea ʻāpana ko lākou mau mea make, nā kūwaho, nā wīwī.
Scoli
He nui nā pepeke nunui scoliidae. Hoʻokahele ʻia ma nā mokupuni. Loaʻa nā helu liʻiliʻi i nā ʻāina CIS i loko o ka pae ala ala a me nā pae ala ala-ala.
ʻO ka nui o nā pepeke makua he 2 a 10 kenimika. Loaʻa nā ʻēheu o nā ʻelele nui o nā mākeke i ʻeono kenimika. ʻEleʻele ka laulā kino. Ma ka ʻōpū ma luna o nā wahi a me nā ʻāpana o ka melemele a keʻokeʻo paha. Kahi like ʻole mau pepeke me nā ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ʻulaʻula. Hoʻouluulu ʻia nā ʻēheu, ʻeleʻele ʻia, me kahi lei ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ovipositor o nā wahine i loko o ka ʻōpū.
Ua lele ka wahine no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mei. Ma hope o ka launa ʻana, e waiho ana i ka hua ma lalo o nā lau a me ka beevil o Mei, pū me ka pīpī. I ka huli ʻana i ka mea ʻai no nā keiki, hohonu ka hohonu i loko o ka lepo. Loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi larva, e waiho i hoʻokahi hua ma luna. ʻO Skoliya larva hibernates i ka kino hoʻokipa. Nā haumana ma ka pūnāwai, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela.
ʻO ke ola o kahi kanaka pīpī
Noho kau ʻia nā ʻano o nā mea holo lio ma nā ʻāpana he ʻelua o ka honua, me ka ʻokoʻa o nā wahi me nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā pepeke kokoke kokoke i nā kino wai, no ka mea ke makemake lākou i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Ma laila lākou e hūnā ai i nā māla o nā mea kanu pua.
Hoʻohana pinepine ka ʻōpio i ka pō, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai lākou e ʻimi i nā mea lawe i ka wā no ko lākou hua a i ʻole nā ʻoka. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā wahi holo e kahi ʻano maikaʻi maikaʻi: ʻo ka lele ʻana i ka lāʻau ma lalo o ka ʻōpala o nā mea āpau, heʻe lākou.
Mea ʻai
Inā hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā kumulāʻau o ka wasp-rider e pili ana i nā kiko o ka mea hoʻokele o ka hoʻopiʻi, a laila ʻaʻole nā kānaka pākeke i ka poʻe wānana. ʻAʻole pono kekahi mau ʻano i kēia manawa o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe, e like me Megarhyssa perlata, e hoʻopau i ka nectar pua. A ʻo nā mākaʻi o ka ʻohana Braconid, ʻoiai lākou makemake i nā pōpō a me nā penina, hōʻino kino i ka waiwai o ke kanaka: ʻili palaoa, apiaries, a me ka meaʻai momona.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā mea holuwale he mea kauwela a he kauwela kauwela. I kēia manawa, hoʻonui pinepine ka lehulehu i nā manawa.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hoʻomoʻo ka wahine i nā hua ma loko o ke kino o nā arthropod, ʻo nā pepeke liʻiliʻi pinepine. ʻO ka nui a me ka nui o ka masonry no kēlā me kēia ʻano. ʻO ka maʻamau, e pili ana i 20 mau minū e hōʻalo ana i nā hua fetitize i loko o ke kino o ka mea ʻai. E hānai lākou i nā ʻili, e hele lohi i ka make o ka mea lawe i ka manawa o ka pupule. ʻAi maoli ka make ʻana o nā ʻōpala "make ʻole: no ka mea make ʻole ka mea make, no ka mea, e make pū nā mea holo hope.
Kāhāhā
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui ko nā wailele pili manu no nā arthropod ʻē aʻe, no ka mea ke alakaʻi nei ka parasitization i ko lākou make. He pōmaikaʻi kēia o nā mea hihiu: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōpoki ʻē i lilo i mea hōʻeha, no ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā hua ʻai kanaka, holoholona, ʻāina ʻāina. Nā mākeke, ʻoi aʻe "superparasites," pale i ko lākou ulu ʻana.
Akā he mea hoʻokūkū paha ka wasp rider no nā kānaka? ʻAʻohe weliweli ka makaʻu ʻana i kēia mau mea hihiu. ʻO ke kino o lākou, e like me nā pūlima, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā pōʻino, no laila, ʻaʻole i pau ka pōpoki me ke ala ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻaʻole e hana ka poʻe hōkeo i kahi poʻe e hana wale e kau nei ma lalo o ka ʻili o kahi kanaka: hoʻouka wale lākou i kahi no ka pale pilikino.
ʻO ka pōpilikia he pōpilikia maoli no ka poʻe e hoʻomālikelike pono i nā mea e hana ai i kona ʻano. I kēia hihia, hiki i ka pīkī ke hoʻonāukiuki i kahi kūlana maikaʻi - pīhoihoi anaphylactic. ʻOiai ke ʻole o ka hypersensitivity i ka ʻawa o nā mea holo kau, ke ʻeha a me ka ʻū i loko o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka awelika o ʻekolu lā.
Hōʻalo ʻia mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e nā mea kauhele ahi - heʻano mālama. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ka mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole, ma ke ʻano ʻē, hoʻokuke aku iā ia me nā lima. Ke kipa aku nei i nā nahele a me nā ʻulā e kokoke ana i nā loko wai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāʻei ʻana i ke kapa paʻa e uhi ana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
He aha e hana inā ua pulu ʻo ka rider wasp? He kuapohele ka hoʻolālā hana no ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā mea inikini:
- holoi i nā ʻōpū mikroskopik me kahi antiseptic,
- inā pono, e hoʻohana i ka anti-inflammatory kūloko, analgesic a me nā lāʻau anti-alia,
- inā he hopena nui ka hopena, a laila e lawe ʻia i ka antihistamines.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine kahi hālāwai me ka mea holo awa e hoʻokau ʻole ʻia me nā hopena ʻole maikaʻi.
He aloha pau ʻole nā lawehala e pili ana i nā kānaka, ʻaʻole loa e koho i ka poʻe me ka mea no ka maʻi parasitism. ʻO kā lākou pono e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā pōpoki ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pilikia wale nō o ko lākou nīmona paʻewa, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki i nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu.
Kāleka lehua Equestrian
Hoʻoulu ʻia ka hana hou e nā hua debugging ma luna o nā kino o nā mea ʻino. ʻO ka helu o nā hua i ka pipi ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pū. I ka mea hoʻokahi, hiki i ka 20 kolo ke hiki i ka wā like. ʻO ka mea hoʻokipa, ma kahi e hoʻomohala ai nā honu kino i make i ka pau ʻana ma mua o ka pupation. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, ʻo ke koʻi o nā mea pīpī manuʻai i mālama i ke kino o ka mea ʻai i kahi kūlana.
Mālama nā wasps i alakaʻi i kahi ʻano parasit.
Nā parasitane manuahi Equestrian i ka maʻamau o nā mea lele, nā pua, nā manu, nā pīpī a me nā ʻōpua makua. Noho hoʻokahi wale nā poʻe pākahi. Ua kūkulu lākou i nā mea ulu o lalo a i ʻole ka hana hale i nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.
Nā ʻano pālule manuahi
- Kahiwila
Nui nā ʻano mea holani manuahi i loaʻa ma nā ʻāpana o ke ala. Aia ma kahi o 4,000 mau ʻano o ka mutillides.
ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o kahi mutillide pākeke he 3 kenimika. Aia nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. He ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā kino melemele i ke kala wahine, a ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha ka ʻulaʻula wahine me nā ʻeleʻele, a ʻo ka kino i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho loloa. ʻAʻohe o nā ʻēheu o ka wahine no laila, kapa ʻia lākou, "he mau huluhulu velvet."
Mea hele wing was.
ʻAʻole kūkulu nā Mutillids i nā nests. Hiki i nā wahine ke piʻi me nā noke hānai, nā manu a me nā lele, a moe i ka hua ma nā lohi o nā pūʻali. Inā pōpilikia ka parasit, hiki iā ia ke kū iā ia iho me ke kōkua o ke aʻa lōʻihi, e hakakā ana i nā mea e pale ana i kā lākou mau hihi.
ʻO kēia ʻano o nā mea holoholima i noho a puni ka honua. Aia ma kahi o 4900 mau pompilides. Noho ka hapanui o kēia mau iniseti. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā lākou ma Transcaucasia a me Central Asia.
ʻO ka nui o ka pompilida pākahi ka lōʻihi i 4 kenimika. He ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ke kino. Hoʻopili ke ʻano kino, pōkole a pōkole ka ʻōpū. I nā wahine, ua huki ʻia ka ovipositor i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻolaha maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻēheu brown.
I Thailand, aia kekahi ʻano nui o pompilid me ka nui o ka nui o ka 5.5 kenimika. ʻAe uliuli ke kala o ka poʻe Thai ridpers, aʻo nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻāpana ʻōuli, ʻo ko lākou nui a hiki i ka 10 kenimika.
Riding wasps e ʻepekema ʻia ʻo Ichmonmonoid mākia.
ʻO nā Pompilids i ʻuʻuku i ka lepo, ʻoiai lākou e ʻeli ai i nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi e kokoke ana i nā alanui, no laila hele mai ka inoa inoa ʻelua - nā puʻu alanui. Pāpaʻi ʻo Pompilids i nā pōkā nui, e pāloi iā lākou me ka mea ʻala a kau i nā hua manu ma ko lākou mau kino.
ʻO kēlā ʻano ʻōpala o nā mea pīpī i hele a puni ka honua. ʻOi aku ka 8 tausani crabronids i kahi huna ʻia, ʻoiai ma kahi o 600 mau ʻano e noho nei ma ʻEulopa. Noho ka poʻe nui loa i nā wahi āpau. Kūkā iki ka nui o ke kino o nā crabronides - hiki i ka lōʻihi i ka 2 kenimika.
I ka helehelena a me ka waihoʻoluʻu, like nā crabronides me nā wasps maʻamau - ʻiliʻili ka ʻōpū, a ua ʻeleʻele ke kino me nā kīwī melemele. ʻO ka pōkole o ka antennae ma ke poʻo. Hoʻolālā maoli nā ʻēheu ʻeleʻele i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē. Hoʻokomo nā wahine i ka ovipositor i loko o ka ʻōpū.
ʻO kekahi crabronides ka mea leʻa ma nā pi, ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe i ka ʻēheu ʻē aʻe, a me kekahi i nā aphids a me nā mea like. Hoʻokele nā wahine i nā pepeke, hoʻihoʻi iā lākou i kahi pūnana kahi a lākou e ʻai ai i nā ʻōpio. Hana nā Crabronids i kahi noke i ke one, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau heihei.
- Nā ʻepiha
He nui nā sephids. Ma kahi o 800 mau ʻāpana o nā sephids i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ka hapa nui o ka noho ʻana ma nā ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema me ke anuanu mahana. Kuhi kekahi poʻe o kēia ʻano i ka lōʻihi o 6 kenimita. He kala ʻeleʻele ke kino. ʻEhā ka ʻōpū, elongated. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā ʻēheu, ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao mua e ʻike aniani ana.
Kūkulu nā scaphids i nā ness i ka ʻāina one, a ʻo kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana e kūkulu i nā nū stucco. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻike pinepine ʻia kēlā mau ness ma luna o nā pā o nā hale. Hoʻokahi kēia mau mea hoʻopiʻi i nā iniseti like ʻole, ʻono i nā ʻūhini a me nā milo. Hoʻopau ʻo Cephida i ka mea i lawe ʻia a lawe aku i ka pūnana, a ma laila kahi i waiho ai i nā hua he nui ma luna.
ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau mea ʻōlima, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā pākeke he 2 ka 10 sentimita. I nā nui nui, hiki i ke kiko o ke kino ke piʻi a hiki i 6 kenimika. ʻO Skolii ka mea maʻamau ma nā wahi puʻu, akā ua loaʻa nō hoʻi ma nā wahi ʻoi nahele-steppe o nā CIS kahiko.
ʻEleʻele nā pīpī. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka ʻōpū me nā kui a i ʻole nā ʻāpana a ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka melemele paha, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana he ʻele a ʻulaʻula paha. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā ʻēheu, he ʻulaʻulaʻula.
Hoʻopau ʻia ka lele ʻana o nā wahine i ka wā ma mua o aʻu. Hoʻokomo wahine ʻo ia a waiho i nā hua ma nā ʻōpala o nā weevils, Mei be beetle or rhinoceros beetles. Hele hohonu ka wahine i loko o ka lepo, a ʻimi i kahi mea i laila a hana i kahi waiho. Hoʻomiki ka huaahi ma loko o ke kino o ka mea hoʻokipa, a pupate i ka pūnāwai.
He ʻuku liʻiliʻi kēia ʻohana. Ma nā ʻāina CIS, aia ma kahi o 30 mau ʻano, a ma ʻEulopa - ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o typhus - nā kānaka, e like me ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 centimeter ka lōʻihi.
He mea maʻamau kēia mau mea hihiu ma ka Honua.
He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o Abdomen, ʻeleʻele ke kala me ke kukui. ʻEleʻeleʻele nā wāwae a he brown ia nā ʻēheu. Ma ka ʻōpū o kekahi mau ʻano he mau ʻenehana liʻilio lā.
Hoʻokomo ʻo typhus i kā lākou hua ma ka hua wī o nā pigles, ma mua o ka hoʻonoho ʻana iā lākou i kahi manawa pōkole. Ke hoʻomau nei ka mea lawe maʻi i ka ulu a hoʻoulu. Hoʻopau ʻo typhus i nā pōleʻa o nā hua ʻai, no ka laʻana, kākā. Akā ʻai kekahi o lākou huakaʻi i nā pōpoki lepo a me nā pōpoki Mei.
Kahi ʻia kēia mau ʻano ma loko o Eurasia. ʻO kekahi ʻano liʻiliʻi ʻo Metoh. Hiki i nā pepeke makua ke hele i ka 13 kenimika. ʻO ke kino ʻeleʻele ka ʻāpana kino ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele nā ʻēheu. ʻAʻohe ʻēheu nā wahine. ʻUlaʻula nā kua, wāwae a me ka umauma o nā wahine. Ovipositor o waho. I ka hiʻohiʻona, ua like nā wahine me nā popo nui.
Mea hoʻopiʻi kai.
Noho ʻo Metohi ma nā wahi me kahi mahana. Hoʻokomo ʻo ka wahine i nā hua manu ma luna o nā pua. Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua moa, hoʻopili ʻia ka wahine i ka mea i make, a laila huki i ka pīpī i loko o ka lua a uhi iā ia me nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi.
Aia ka nui o kēia ʻano mea holo lio ma ka ʻāluawai, ma kahi o 100 mau mea e noho nei ma Europe. I ka huina, e pili ana i nā ʻano 1800 o nā betilides ka hoʻokaʻawale.
Nā kiko kikoʻī mai ke kino kūloko mai 1-10 milimetro. Hoʻopili ke kino a ʻōpiopio, ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻohe o nā ʻēheu a Betilides a like ko nā popo. ʻO kēia mau mea ākea kōkua i ka poʻe e hakakā i ka pōpilikia - pulupulu pumehana a me nā lau hua waina.
ʻO ka betilida wahine i mau manawa liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mea i hoʻopihapiha ʻia, ʻoiai ke wiwo wiwo ʻole aku ʻo ia a me nā palaka, ma muli o ke ʻano e hiki ʻole ai i ka mea make ke hoʻopaʻa iā ia. No kekahi mau lā, ʻaina ka wahine i ka mea i make i nā ʻōpū puʻuwai like ʻole, ka pale ʻole iā ia. Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua moa i loko o ke kino o ka mea ʻai, hānai ʻo ka wahine iā ia i ka lymph no nā lā he nui, ua hāʻawi kēia i ka hana kūpono o nā ovaries. ʻO ke hopena, e waiho ana ka betilide i nā hua he 150.
ʻO ka hopohopo no nā keiki kekahi ʻano o nā betilides; ua mālama ka wahine i nā ʻōpio i kekahi manawa, ʻae iā lākou.
- ʻO Emerald Cockroach Wasp
ʻO kēia ʻano o ka wasp rider ka mea maikaʻi loa pōkole no nā moa kūwaho, no ka mea, ʻo ka emerald wasp maoli e hoʻohuli i ka cockroach i kahi "zombie." Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wasp, lilo ka ʻili a ʻimi i kāna mea e make ai, hele ka mea pīpī ma kahi ʻihi a lawe aku i ka mink i mākaukau. I loko o ka lua, kahi lōwī e waiho i nā hua i loko o ke kino palupalu o kahi moa. ʻAi ʻia nā palaʻai i ka ʻūhā mai loko aʻe, aʻo ia e ola ana a pālolo.
He mau manu maoli nā loina holo.
He mau nani loa nā palahalaha emerald. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia mau wasps e hōʻea i 2 mau kenimika. Hoʻonaninani ke kino me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole uliuli paha, e hāʻawi ana i ka pua metala. He ulaula nā wāwae, a ua hina nā ʻēheu.
ʻO ka hoʻopōʻino a me nā pono o nā poʻe holo hipa
Pīlio ka poʻe i nā mea hele makaʻaka no ka mea ua pili kēia mau iniseti. A he mea pono ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana he mea ʻole ka laha o nā kānaka me ke kumu kumu ʻole, no ka mea, he mau pōpilikia kekahi, no ka laʻana, nā pompilides. Hiki i nā mea ʻino o kēia mau inikua ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic i loko o ka poʻe me ka hypersensitivity i kēia ʻuʻawa.
I kekahi mau hihia, ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e nā mea holo manu, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka poʻe painkillers.
Akā i ka laulā, ua maluhia kēia mau inikua pili i ka poʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou hopohopo i nā kino kanaka, akā, ma ke kino o nā pepeke. Hoʻohui ʻia, he mea maikaʻi loa ka poʻe holo manu wasp no ka mahiʻai, no ka mea e hōʻemi nui ʻia lākou i ka nui o nā pōʻino pepeke.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Typhia
He ʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻo Tiphia. Ma ʻEulopa, he 20 mau ʻano o ka typhus e noho ana, a ma ka ʻāina CIS kahiko -30 ʻano.
He liʻiliʻi ka nui. Loaʻa nā pākeke i ka lōʻihi o 1 centimeter. ʻEleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu kino, ʻulaʻula. ʻŪhā a elongated ka ʻōpū. ʻĀkala nā maka i ka kala. ʻEleʻele nā wāwae. He mau ʻāpana ʻāʻī nāʻe o ka ʻōpū o kekahi.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻai ma ke ʻano o nā pīpī, e hōʻuluʻulu iā lākou no ka manawa pōkole. E hoʻomau ka hoʻomau a hoʻomohala i nā ʻili o nā maʻi. ʻO Typhus ka ʻenemi nui o ka pūlima palaoa i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka goose. Eia nō kekahi, hānai kā lākou pili me nā pōpoki o Mei a me nā pōkā lepo.
Metoh
Loaʻa ka Metocha ichneumonoides ma loko o Eurasia. Kuhi kekahi ʻano luhi.
ʻO ka nui o nā pepeke makua he 13 kenimika. Nā kāne ʻeleʻele me nā ʻēheu brown. ʻAʻohe ʻēheu nā wahine. ʻEleʻele nā umauma, ke kua a me nā wāwae o nā wahine. Aia ka ovipositor ma waho. Ma waho, ua like ka wahine me nā ʻalā nui.
Noho lākou i nā ʻāina maloʻo a wela. Hoʻokomo ʻo Metocha i nā hua hua ma nā kolo o nā mau racehorse. Ma mua o ka masonry, ua maʻi ka maʻi. Ma hope o ka kau ʻana i ka hua, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ka wahine i ka lua o ka pīpī me nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi.
Betilides
Noho ʻana ʻo Betylidae i nā wahiʻāina. Ma kahi o 100 mau ʻano maʻamau i Europa. I ka huina, 1800 mau ʻano kikoʻī e hōʻike ʻia e ka poʻe biologists.
ʻO ka nui o ka betilide pākeke ke hele aku i 1 a 10 kekeleka. ʻEleʻele ka laulā kino. Slim kino me kahi pōkole ʻōpū. Ua like nā kānaka holo ʻole me nā popo.
Kōkua ʻo Betilides i ke kanaka i ka hakakā ʻana i nā pōpoki pepeke - leafwort grape, cotton cotton.
ʻO ka wahine, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi pālima i nā manawa he nui aku i ka nui, nā ʻōpū ma ke kōkua o ke aʻalolo i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī. A laila, i kekahi mau lā, neʻe ia i ka kino o ka mea a ka mea hoʻopiʻi a hoʻopaʻa iā ia i loko o nā ʻaneki kūwaho like ʻole, ka hoʻohālikelike nui iā lākou.
Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, ʻai ʻo ia i ka lymph host no kekahi manawa. Pono kēia no ka hana kūpono a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ovaries. He wahine makaukau no ka hoʻoulu ʻana e kanu i nā hua he 150.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ka mālama o ka hua. Mālama ʻo Betilida i ka ʻōkole e ulu mai ana mai nā hua no kekahi mau manawa, ka kuʻi liʻiliʻi iā lākou hoʻokahi. Hōʻala ka ʻōpiopio ma ka ʻili o ka mea pepehi, a hoʻomohala hou i loko o kona kino lolo.
ʻO ka makika ʻo Canine kahi mea ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi maikaʻi loa e hānai ana i nā lauoho a me nā ʻili o ka keratinized o nā ʻīlio. Pehea e mālama ai i kāu hoalauna mai kēia mau ulia, heluhelu i ka loulama https://stopvreditel.ru/parazity/zhivotnyx/vlasoed-u-sobak.html
Paʻi ola a me kaʻenehana o ka hopena i ka mea hoʻomālamalama
He manu ʻoi ʻia kahi pūpono; he hoʻonohonoho ʻāʻī nona i kahi pūnū pololei i ka lepo a i ʻole i ka hua lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoki lāʻau. Kīnaʻu ka hapa o kona ola: no nā wahine - ma kahi mahina, a no nā kāne - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau lā. I kekahi mau ʻano, hiki i ka hoʻomoe ke hoʻoilo i ke kino o ka mea hoʻopihapiha a me ka pupate wale i ka pūnāwai.
Ka hapanui o ka hapa nui, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā pākeke, ʻo ia ka mea hānai ʻole i nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe; Akā hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ʻōpala i nā lāʻau maoli, hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoulu ʻana.
Hoʻokomo ʻo nā wahine ʻoihana i nā hua manu ma nā ʻōlima a me nā huaʻala o nā popo, nā manu, nā pīpī, nā ʻōpala, nā ʻalāʻau a me nā ʻōwili, kahi e hānai ai i nā ʻōpio. Ma ke kaʻina hana o nā hua manu, aia ka parasitine wahine i luna o kona mea ʻeha, e like me ka holo lio i luna o kahi lio, nāna i hāʻawi i ka inoa i kēia ʻohana āpau.
He laha kupaianaha kēia manuola i hiki ai i ka mānoanoa o ka lāʻau lāʻau e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa nā kolo huahele e waiho ai i nā hua manu.
Ke kau nei i kā lākou hua ma ke kino o ka mea ʻai, ke ʻoki ʻia nei nā wahine i ka hakahaka o ka palu i loko o ia mea, e hoʻololi ana i ka "zombie". Kahi lā ma mua o kahi lā, e koi ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua mau haneli hūlū me nā mea make i ka mea ʻai, a he mau lā wale nō, no laila lākou e hele ai i nā wahi āpau o ke kūkulu.
I loko o kēia manawa, hānai lākou i ke kino o ko lākou "haku", ʻoiai e mālama ana i ke ola o kona kino, ua make ʻo ia mai ka palupalu wale nō ma mua o ka hele mai ʻana o ka lolo.
Wasp rider: he mea e like me kahi kulu
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā pepeke i kūwaho i ke ʻano kūwaho, ke kū nei i kahi mea wale nō i nā hihia kūʻokoʻa i ka pale ʻana iho. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai iā ia i nā wahi haʻahaʻa - kokoke i kahi waiho kai, i loko o kahi ululāʻau a i kahi ʻōpala. Inā loaʻa kekahi kanaka, mai hoʻāʻo e lawe.
Inā waiho ka mea kau puaa i kahi ʻuʻā, ʻulaʻula a me ka liʻiliʻu iki loa i ke kahua o ka lesion. Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike hōʻike o waho me ka heha. I kahi hihia o kahi kūleʻe maʻi, hana ke kanaka maʻi i kahi ʻulaʻula nui, ke kūleʻa koʻikoʻi a me kahi ʻeha ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
Pehea e hana inā he wasp a pīpī kekahi?
I kekahi mau hihia, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hypersensitivity i ka pōpoki o kahi maʻi parasit. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hopena alerine i nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā kānaka me ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka pale mai. I mea e pale ai i ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic a i ʻole ka edema o Quincke, pono ʻia e hāʻawi mua i ka kōkua mua i ka mea i loaʻa i ka manawa kūpono.
Nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena
ʻO ka pinepine loa, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ke kani wasp ma ka ʻili. Akā me ke kūpaʻa ikaika o nā toxins e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai ka iniseti i ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻike ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi. Hiki ke nānā ʻia paha, pili. ʻO ka hopena e pili ana i ka hopena o kahi hālāwai me kahi kaiamo, ʻo ia ke hoʻoulu i ka hōʻeha. Me kēia ala, hiki i ke kanaka ke hoʻopuʻi. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi i ka ʻalā a ka wīwī ʻana i kahi kahi peʻe, ke ʻano o ke kuhi hewa, kahi pāheʻe.
Inā hoʻomau ka ʻulaʻula mahope o nā lā 5, e nīnau aku i kahi kauka. I mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kaʻana a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia ka mea ʻai i ke ala no ka unuhi ʻana mai ka pūnaewele o ka ʻuʻā, kahi ʻano loiloi maʻamau o ke koko a me ka urine.
ʻO ke kōkua mua
Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ka holoi ʻana i ka kahua ʻuʻiku me kahi antiseptic. No kēia mea, kūpono ʻo Fukortsin, Miramistin, hydrogen peroxide a i ʻole alkohol (vodka). Me ke kaumaha, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā analgesics a me antispasmodics. Pono pono anti-inflammatory e pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka edema, ʻulaʻula a me ka wikiwiki.
Allergic hopena pili
Kahi lue ka hopena maʻi maʻamau, no ka mea, i ka wā e haki ai kahi pūlū me ka huelo lōʻihi e hōʻeha iki ʻia i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i pōʻino ʻole i nā kānaka. Akā aia mau ka pilikia a ka ulu ʻana i ka edema koʻikoʻi a i ʻole urticaria. He mea nui nui ia e kiaʻi no nā keiki ʻōpio. Inā hele pū mai nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻaloli ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke lawe i nā antihistamines (Suprastin, Loratadin, Zodak) a laila e ʻimi i ke kōkua olakino ma hope mai.
ʻIke ʻia nā mea ridp e loaʻa ma Rū
Kui (ʻaina wasps)
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā mokupuni, ʻoluʻolu i ka wao o ka Lūkini i ka hapa nui o nā holo lio. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā latina Rūsia, ʻoiai liʻiliʻi hoʻi pinepine. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau loa:
- Nā Mimarommatids. Kekahi ʻihi koa kahi e noho ai nā mea kū i loko o ka subantarctic. E hoʻomoe i kā lākou hua ma nā hua o nā huaʻala ʻē aʻe.
- Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā Mutillids (Keleman wasps) e ko lākou helehelena nani a me nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula. Ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻike ʻia ma mua o 4,000 mau ʻano o ka mutillides, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne a pau ma mua o nā wahine. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka laulā ma kahi o 3 cm, a ua uhi ʻia ke kino me nā lauoho paʻakikī. E hoʻomoe i nā hua ma nā wasps, nā pi me ka lele.
- Mea hoʻomaʻao kala. E like me nā ʻohana, kau lākou i ka hua ma nā iniseti. E hānai ana nā pākeke i nā mea kanu mea kanu.
- ʻO nā mea holoʻokoʻa Proctotrupoid. He pākoki ka lōʻihi o ke koʻo o ka pākeke ma mua o 5 mm. I ka mahiʻai, ua loaʻa iā lākou ka noi ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau kāohi i nā pōpoki.
- Nā Kaukaʻakai. ʻO kekahi o nā kauoha he nui loa, ka mea e hui pū ʻia i 200 ʻano. Piha nui ʻia kāna mau ʻaha i ka mahiʻai, no ka mea, ke luku nei lākou i kēlā mau inikini he hoʻoweliweli i nā mea hoʻomehana.
- ʻO nā wasps Evanoidoid. He ʻano pilikino ko lākou kino. Kuhi ʻia ko lākou ʻōpū mai ka umauma. Haʻalele lākou i nā hua ma nā ʻano ʻēheu ʻē aʻe, ma nā ʻawaʻawa a me nā ʻalihi, no lākou ua kaulana ia mea pale i ka ulu lāʻau.
- Kanilho. Ma kahi o 20 mau mea e loaʻa i ʻEulopa, a ʻo 30 kahi ma Russia a me nā ʻāina CIS. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka pākeke i ka 1 cm. ʻO ka maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waiho kino kino ʻalani a me nā ʻēheu ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka makemake e waiho i nā hua manu ma nā pīpī: nā ʻōpala lepo, ʻo ka mea noho a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi hihia pohō o nā simbiosis, no ka mea ʻaʻole i make koke ka mea make, akā e hoʻomau pū me ka pili ʻana i ka wasp larva.
He pū leo ka Iapana
Hoʻomaopopo! Ma United States, ʻo nā pua kuʻuna maʻamau ka pompilides (wasps alanui), e noho ana i nā n noho ka mea e noho ana ma ka ʻāina, ʻoi pinepine ka poʻe ma nā alanui. Mālama lākou i kā lākou hua ma ka nui. I ka huina, aia he 4900 mau o nā pompilides.
ʻO Crabronides (mau wasps) he mau mea maʻamau ma ʻEulopa, ma kahi o 600 mau mea he nui, akā ʻo ka 8 tausani o ia mau mea i loaʻa i ka honua. Hana pinepine lākou i nā lua i ke one, kahi e ulu ai nā ʻōkuhi ma nā nests. Haawi ʻia nā meaʻai (nā pi, nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā hymenoptera ʻē aʻe) iā lākou e nā pākeke, e hōʻiliʻili ana i ka poʻe me nā mea ʻala.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻohana i koe o ka poʻe kaulike e makemake ai i ke ea wela a me nā haʻalulu o nā ʻōpala a me nā subtropics. I nā wahi hoʻopalapula o nā Amazon, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea ʻonaʻehā a hiki i ka 8 cm lōʻihi. He mea maikaʻi ia a hiki i kēia wā, ʻike hou nā kānaka ʻepekema i kahi ʻano hou, akā he nui ka nui o nā iniseti ʻano nui ʻole i hiki iā lākou ke helu ʻia e like me ka weliweli.
Kāko'ōnaake Attack
ʻO ka pale koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e manaʻo ʻia e mālama pono i ka hana o waho. Mai hoʻopili i ka parasite, e hoʻāʻo e hopu a pepehi paha. Ke ʻākoakoa nei no kahi kiʻi iʻa a i loko o ka wai wai, pono ʻoe e komo i nā kapa paʻa me kahi kāʻei lima lōʻihi. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻili o nā keiki me nā mea repellents, e pale aku nō hoʻi i ka pēpē mai ka ʻuaka kaomi, nā puʻupuʻu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā lawe manu e hele ai i nā ululāola maikaʻi ʻole i ke kanaka a no ka hoʻouka ʻana wale nō i nā pepeke. Holo ka poʻe wahine puaʻa i ka ʻuʻā, nāʻu a i ʻole nā mea manu e hoʻopili ai i nā hua i loko o lākou. ʻAno kūpono nā larched Hatched a ma nā lā 5-6 wale nō e hiki ai ke hoʻopau loa i ka mea pepehi.