ʻO ka ʻōmole Orokin nā ʻohana kumuʻaola maoli. ʻO ia ka mea ʻōpiopio nui loa o ʻAmelika Hema. Aia ma ka ʻāpana kahawai ʻo Orinoco ma ka ʻĀkau o ka ʻāina. Homo ka hale i nā ʻāina e like me Colombia a me Venezuela. ʻIke ʻia nā poʻomanaʻo o nā ʻano he nui i loko o nā wai hou, akā he wai paʻakai nō hoʻi, he mea maʻamau no nā koala āpau. Noho ka noho ʻana o kēia ʻano ma ka ʻāina ākea a hiki i nā ana o nā Andes. Akā i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 1000 mau kanaka. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau nāu i noho ma Kolombia, a ʻo nā koena o nā ʻano o nā ʻano heʻumi e noho nei i nā wahi kīnā o Venezuela. Kahi ʻia nā reptile opio i ka pio, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 2 mika, hoʻokuʻu lākou. Ma kahi o 85 mau holoholona e noho nei i nā zoos.
Kāleka
ʻAʻohe haʻahaʻa o nā ʻano o kēia ʻano i ka nui a me ka nui i ko lākou mau hoa e noho nei ma ʻApelika, India a me Australia. He mau kānaka kikoʻī ikaika kēia e hiki ai i ka hoʻouka i kahi holoholona o kēlā me kēiaʻano. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mele ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka lōʻihi, hiki lākou i ka 3.6-4.8 mau mika. I ka wahine nāwaliwali nā haʻahaʻa, ʻo kēia helu he 3-3.3 mau mika. ʻO ka paona o nā kāne mai 380 a 630 kg. A kaupaona nā wahine i ka 230-320 kg. ʻO ka puʻupuʻu nui loa i pepehi ʻia i ka makahiki 1800. ʻO kona lōʻihi a 6.6 mau mika. Ma hope aku, ʻo nā kānaka nunui wale nō i ka lōʻihi o nā manawa ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau mika i hele mai ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.
Kahiā ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka moʻo o kēia crocodile. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana. Aia kekahi me kahi melemele melemele, hina-brown a mālamalama mālamalama. ʻO kekahi mau reptile he mau wahi pōkole ʻeleʻele a me ke kāʻei i ke kino, aʻo nā mea'ē aʻe ʻaʻole. ʻOkoʻa paha ka kala o ka ʻili, ma muli o kahi loli i ka nui o ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu i ka wā maloʻo. Aia i ke one kahakai, ʻō ka wahine i ka lua ma lalo o ka ʻēheu. I loko o ia mea, e waiho ana ia i kahi awelika o 40 mau hua manu. Makahiki ka manawa incubation he mau 2 mau mahina. Ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana o nā pēpē, hoʻomaka lākou e hi. Lohe ka wahine i ka squeak, uhai i ka one a lawe i ka ʻōpio i loko o ka wai i ka wai. Kokoke ma ka makuahine, aia ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi makahiki o nā keiki. I kekahi manawa he mau a hiki i 3 mau makahiki. ʻO Orinok ʻokiʻoki i ka wā ʻōpiopio he mea hoʻohilahila ʻole loa ia. He palupalu a ʻaʻole hoʻi ʻo ia ka pale. ʻO nā manu ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, nā lau, nā caimans, nā jaguars, anacondas a me nā mea āpau e hiki ke hoʻouka iā ia.
Kaʻai ʻana a me ka kaʻai ʻana
ʻO ka papa ʻai maʻamau o kahi mea huna formidable e loaʻa i ka nui o nā iʻa. Mālama ʻia ka lawaiʻa e kahi muzzle liʻiliʻi me nā niho koʻikoʻi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ka haʻalele o ka reptile i nā mammals, inā e hāʻule lākou i ka wahi o kāna ʻike. No ka laʻana, ʻo capybara a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka like like. Akā hāʻawi i ka muzzle pōkole, makemake ka reptile e ʻai i ka iʻa. No laila, inā piha kahi mea huna, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻouka kaua i ka poʻe o ka ʻāina.
E like me ka hoʻouka ʻana ma ka poʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa pinepine nā hihia. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ma ka mea ʻoi ka makemake o ka Orinoc crocodile e noho i nā wahi mamao, mamao i kēlā me kēia hale. Inā hālāwai pinepine pinepine ka poʻe, a laila nui ka nui o nā hoʻouka ʻana. Eia kekahi, liʻiliʻi ka helu o nā reptile, a no laila ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pilina me nā kānaka.
Helu
ʻO ka ʻili nani ka laulala. ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka luku kokoke ʻana i ka heluna kanaka. Kahi wale nō i ka waena o nā makahiki 70 o ua kenekulia mua ua loli ka poʻe i ko lākou manaʻo a hoʻokomo i nā kānāwai e pāpā ana i ka hopu ʻana i kēia mea kūleʻa. Akā, i nā makahiki he 40 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui iki ka nui o nā mea ulu. Eia ʻae ke ʻano nui i ka ʻimi ʻana. ʻO ka mea wale nō, ke aloha nei i nā mōʻaukala o nā lāhui, ua holomua ka maikaʻi. Akā e ʻoluʻolu nei ka nui o kēia heluna ma waena o nā loea. No laila, hana ʻia nā mea āpau e mālama ai i ke ʻano.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka reptile
ʻO kā Orinoc crocodile (Orinoco crocodile, Colombian crocodile) no kēlā mau holoholona pōʻino i ko lākou lehulehu, ma muli o ke "kōkua" kōkua kanaka, aia ma ka palena o ka pauahi. Nā helu he nui i helu ʻia he mau haneli mau makahiki i hala aku nei e hoʻopiha ʻia ana i ke kaʻe o ka muliwai ʻo Orinoco (ʻākau ma ke kūkulu hema o ʻAmelika Hema), e like me nā manaʻo like ʻole, mālama ʻia i loko o ka nui o nā holoholona 250-1500. A e hoihoi i ka helu i ka wā kokoke loa, he mea paʻakikī loa ia, no laila, pono i ke kao Orokin ke mālama pono i nā kahu o nā kaiāulu a me ka lehulehu.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻepekema ʻana o ka crocodile Orinok i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka makahiki 1819 ma lalo o ka inoa binomial ʻo Crocodylus intermedius, a hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki ma hope mai, i nā makahiki 20 o ke kenekulia hope, kahi holoholona mālama hānai no ka ʻili o kēia holoholona. No ka hapalua hapa kenekulia, pepehi ʻia nā reptiles a komo ko lākou ʻili kino i loko o ka ʻenehana kalepa ʻo ʻAmelika i nā kahawai ʻole ʻole. He mea lawa loa ia e ʻōlelo ai i ka wa hope o ke kenekulia hope ke kūʻai aku nei i nā lā a pau i nā ili o ka ʻāla Orinok i 3-4 mau ʻāpana.
ʻO ke emi ʻana o ka nui o ka lehulehu i alakaʻi i ka panakalō o nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe i makemake ʻia i ka ʻenekala ʻōnaehana, akā ʻo kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i hōʻoluʻolu i nā mea mālama mālama kūlohelohe - ʻo ka nui o nā mea kuhi reptile i loko o ka paina Orinoco i hōʻemi ʻia i kahi wikiwiki i nui mau makahiki. ʻOiai ka mea i loko o ka 70s i kau ʻia ai ka pāpā ma nā ʻano lawaiʻa a Orinok, nā poʻi, ka luku ʻana o nā mea ola i hopu ʻia i nā ʻeke lawaiʻa, a me ka make pū kekahi o nā oviposite i hana pinepine.
ʻO ka waiwai no nā poachers ʻaʻole wale ka paʻu o kēia mau holoholona, akā ʻo ka ʻiʻo nō hoʻi, ua hoʻopau ʻia e ka poʻe kaiāulu. Ua ʻoluʻolu ka loiloi o ka poʻe i nā waiwai kupaianaha i ka ʻiʻo a me ka momona o ka ʻala Orinok, hoʻōla mai nā maʻi lehulehu - he kumu ʻē aʻe no ka pau ʻana o kēia mau holoholona. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻike ʻole ʻia no nā mea reptile. Hoʻohālikelike ka ʻili o kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻili o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ākea ākea, no laila paʻakikī ke hoʻokumu i ka mana kūʻai.
He hana nui i ka luku ʻana i nā reptile i hana ʻia e ka holomua ka nui o ka hale, kahi e kū ai ma kēia pae ʻāina i hope. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka Orinoc crocodile kekahi o nā ʻano nui loa o kāna ʻoki hoʻokuʻi ʻia.
Noho ka reptile i waena a i lalo a hiki i ka muliwai ʻo Orinoco; ʻo kona wahi noho a uhi ʻia nā kaila o Los Llanos (Savannah los llanos) i lilo i ka hala ma hope o ka ua nui. Makemake nā Crocodiles e kali i nā manawa maloʻo i nā ʻōpala i ʻeli ma ke kahawai nui. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā makana Orinoc ma nā ʻāina e like me Venezuela a me Colombia. ʻAʻole i hiki i nā ʻepekema i pane wale i ka nīnau - no ke aha i lawe ʻole ai kēia reptile i kahi noho maikaʻi i ka waonaʻo Amazon, kahi ia ma ke kūkulu hema. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka Orokin crocodile kekahi o nā mākaʻi nui o kona neʻe ʻana - ua maopopo ia e pili ana i ka hopu ʻana o nā mea 6 mau mika ka lōʻihi a ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana a hiki i 340 kg. ʻO ia ka mea ʻōpiopio nui loa o ʻAmelika Hema. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kēia mau crocodile e lilo nā mea nona ka Orinoco basin, ʻaʻole makemake e neʻe i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau kānaka ma nā mokupuni o Trinidad, ʻākau o Venezuela, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻae ʻia ʻana o nā kolamu Orinoc i ka wai paʻakai.
Hōʻike ʻia ka helehelena e kahi puʻupuʻu elongated elongated loa, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka maka o kahi mea i kālai ʻia i kahi ʻAmelika. Ua liʻiliʻi ʻia ka ihu, no laila kiʻekiʻe aʻe nā ihu. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻalāʻili dorsal i ka mana, aia ka papa ʻili ma ka kua a me ka ʻāʻī i loko o nā laina symmetrical, ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia ka ʻōpū i loko o nā pale, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ai ke ʻano o nā kīlio Orokin i waiwai nui no ka haberdashery. Loaʻa nā maka i kahi piʻi piʻi kūleʻa, e like me nā mea āpau a pau. ʻO ke ʻano o nā ʻūʻā a me nā ʻūlū ka mea maʻamau no nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana o nā kūpuna maoli. ʻO ka nui o nā niho he 68. E like me nā niho crocodile āpau, ʻike ʻia ka wahine i mua o nā kāne.
Mahele ʻokoʻa ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kino ma muli o ka wahi o ka noho ʻana. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau ka pena ʻia ʻo ka Orokin crocodile i kahi kala hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻano like me nā wahi pōkole ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. ʻO kekahi manawa ma ka huelo aia mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kalepa. Aia kekahi poʻe i pena ʻia i kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli, me nā melemele a me nā melemele ʻeleʻele. I nā poʻe pio i hopu ʻia, kahi hoʻololi iki o ka nui a me nā kala kala o ke kino i mālama ʻia ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka manawa.
Hāʻawi ka ʻai no nā holoholona pākuʻi e nā aquatic a terrestrial vertebrates - iʻa, nā manu, nā rodents, amphibians, a me nā mea ola a pau i komo i kā lākou ʻōpio. Hoʻolaha loa nā kāne makua, a hoʻonohonoho pinepine i kahi manawa i waena o lākou iho, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa o ka teritori. Aia ka ʻike i nā hihia ma ka hoʻāhewa ʻana i nā lāʻau kina Orinoc ma luna o nā holoholona a i ka poʻe hoʻi. Akā i kēia manawa, hāʻawi ʻia i ka pau ʻana o nā ʻano pili, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻike i ka wā lōʻihi. Ma ka liʻiliʻi e makaʻu ka poʻe kaiāulu ma kēia mau reptile. ʻAi nā reptile ʻōpio i kahi mea liʻiliʻi - iʻa, nā amphibians, invertebrates a me nā wīlī.
Hoʻomoe ma ka waiho hua ʻana. Hana ka Mate i Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa, a laila ma hope oʻelua mau mahina a me ka hapa hapalua, ʻo ka wahine e piʻi a hiki i 70 (ma ka awelika - ma kahi o 40) mau hua nui ma ka pūnana i kūkulu ʻia mai ka lāʻau a me ka ʻāina. ʻO ka wahine ʻoi aku ka hana ma kahi kokoke i ka pūnana, ka mālama ʻana i ka mākona mai nā manu o ka mea ʻona, nā mōniki a me nā mea aloha ʻē aʻe e ʻoli i nā hua. I Mei-Iune (ma kahi o 70 mau lā ma hope o ka oviposition) ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hua mai ka ʻōpala a neʻe i ka wai me ke kōkua o ka makuahine. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ke kaʻina o ka hatching mai i nā hua manu e pili pū me ka ua nui, i ka manawa o ka Orinoco floodplain e lilo i kahi ʻano momona no nā keiki hou. E like me nā lālā he nui o ka ʻohana, ʻo ka wahine o nā kūpuna Orinok e hānai i nā hua a pale iā ia mai nā mea wīwī no kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki (ʻo kekahi manawa a ʻekolu mau makahiki).
ʻO ka pinepine pinepine, ʻo nā ʻōpio'ōpio i lilo i mea pio no ka anacondas a me nā caimans. ʻO nā mea ola e ulu nei a hiki i ke makahiki ʻekolu o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻaʻole iā lākou nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe ikaika loa. Hele lāua i ka moekolohe ma 7-8 mau makahiki, a ʻo ka nui o ke ola he 50-60 mau makahiki (ʻoiai paha).
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, ua pau ka ʻano o Crocodylus intermedius - ua kākau ʻia i ka IUCN Red List ma lalo o ke kūlana CR - aia ka kūlana koʻikoʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka holo holomua ʻepekema hou loa i ka kahawai o ka muliwai ʻo Orinoco ma waena o Venezuela e hōʻike ʻia ana ka nui o kēia mau reptile e nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻuliʻu me ka huina he 1000 mau holoholona. Ua aneane pau loa ka lehulehu o Colombia e like me ka poʻe loea, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau ola ola e noho nei ma kēia ʻāina.
ʻO ka hoʻopau wale ʻana o nā koholā Orinoc i pili i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka poʻe caiman e noho ana ma ka ʻāpana o Orinoco - ʻo ka hala ʻole o kahi hoʻokūkū kai ikaika a me ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe i kōkua i ka holomua o kēia mau reptile.
17.12.2018
ʻO Orinoc crocodile (lat.Crocodylus intermedius) - ka mea kūʻai nui loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻIke ʻia ka ikaika nui loa he 678 cm me kona mau maka ponoʻī a hoʻopaʻa ʻia maoli iā ia i ka makahiki 1800 e ka mea haʻiʻike Farani e Eme Jacques Boplan a me ka mea kūlohelohe Kelemania o Alexander von Humboldt i ka wā e hoʻokele nei i ka ʻepekema ma ka muliwai Orinoco
He mea ʻano nui loa e hōʻike ʻia e ka mea holo Sepania ʻo Frya Jacinto de Carvajal i kāna mau moʻolelo i kahi huakaʻi ma ke kahawai ʻo Apure i ka makahiki 1618. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua hiki i ka crocodile i pepehi ʻia e kāna mau hoa hele i 696 cm. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hiki i ka mea haole ke kau inoa aku i nā kanaka nui e hoʻokō i ka makahiki e hiki ai ke ulu aku i kahi o 5 m.
ʻAʻole maʻamau ka hapa nui o nā holoholona i ka hihiu e hōʻea i kēia nui, e lilo i mau pōpoki o ka poachers ubiquitous. Nā ʻike i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ka wā o ka huki a ua komo i loko o ka International Red Book. E like me nā manaʻo loiloi maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 1,500 mau mea ma Venezuela a me 200 i Colombia i ola ma vivo.
Kahele
Hoʻopau ka Orinoc crocodile i ka Orinoco basin. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻāina e noho ʻia e ka palena ma mua o 600 tausani mau kilomita square. Ma kahi o Venezuela a me Colombia, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau reptile i nā mokupuni o Grenada a me Trinidad, aia ma ke kai Caribbean, 240 km mai ka ʻāina nui. ʻĀnō, ua lawe ʻia mai iā lākou e nā ʻakai wai ma hope o ke kai ʻana.
Kūkulu nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano i ka nui o nā iwi liʻiliʻi i liʻiliʻi. Ua noho lākou ma nā kahe wai piha piha ʻana a me kā lākou mau mea hoʻopukapuka me ka wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka lō wai.
Hiki i ka palena hema o ka palena i ka muliwai ʻo Casikyar, e kahe ana a loko o ka Rio Negra, ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Amazon. I ka manawa hoʻopilikia nui, ʻike ʻia nā reptiles i ka puʻu wai i hoʻopiha ʻia ma ka ʻāina o nā keʻena Colombian o Aruac a me Casanare, aia ma ke komohana-hikina o ka ʻāina. Ma ke komohana, ua palena ka palena i ka wāwae o ka Andes.
Noho nā kukui Orinoc i nā wai wai wai. ʻAʻohe ʻike ʻike paʻa i loaʻa ia ma Ortaoco delta. Nui ka poʻe o lākou e neʻe i kahi makahiki i ka manawa o ka ua, a e ʻike i ke anuanu ma nā kahawai hohonu a me nā alo moana.
Pehea e kamaʻilio ai nā likina Orinoc
No ke kamaʻilio, hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻailona leo o nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kahi leo hohonu a me kahi puʻuwai, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka ʻimi ʻana, i hana ʻia e ka waha e wehe me ka aʻa keu a i kahi o 30 ° ma luna o ka wai. Hōʻike ʻia i nā manawa 3-6, lohe ʻia i ka lōʻihi o 200-300 m a hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo i nā palena o ka kahua home a me ka ʻimi ʻana no nā hoa i ka wā hana.
No ka hoʻoweliweli aku i nā mea hoʻokūkū, hoʻohana ʻia kahi puʻukū, kahi i ʻike ʻia me ke kūpeʻe a ukiuki pokole paha ma kahi mamao o 10-20 m. Ma ka hihia mua, ua hana ʻia me ka waha paʻa, a i ka lua me ka waha hamama.
E hele mua nā Grunts i kahi ʻano hanana. ʻO ka hapanui ʻo nā wahine ʻoi aku kāna e pale aku ana i ka ʻuʻuku a me nā keiki. Ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻōla i ko lākou huhū ulu a hiki i lalo o ka wai, a laila he nui nā mau poʻokela a i ʻole maoli "nital geyser" ma kona alo.
E hoʻoweliweli i ka poʻe i hoʻokipa ʻole ʻia, hoʻokuʻi ʻo i ka tohena i nā pā nui me nā ʻūhā, hoʻopau koke ʻia kona waha. Hoʻolālā lākou ma kahi mamao a hiki i 35 m.
Hoʻokomo ke mau ʻōpiopio i nā kani kani a i ʻole mau leo ʻana ma mua o ka kekona. ʻIke ʻia lākou e nā wahine me ke kāhea no ke kōkua a kū i kahi hopena pale kūka. I ke kala ʻana, ʻōlelo ka mea ʻōpio i ko lākou alo i ko lākou makuahine a me nā hoa hana.
Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana i ka hoʻoweliweli e kahi neʻe hope hulina hope. Makemake nā wahine e lawe i ka pose weliweli, kiʻi i ka lewa i loko o kā lākou hanu a hoʻonui pinepine i ka nui.
Mea ʻai
Hiki i ka hopu koholā Orinoc ke loaʻa i kahi mea i loaʻa i loko o kahi radius a 300 m. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻo ia iā ia ma ke ʻano he aku a kokoke i ka hiki a hopu iā ia me ka hoʻolei uila wikiwiki.
Hōʻalo ʻia kahi mea huna mime nui e kū ana i kahi pupuhi ikaika o ka huelo a huki koke iā lākou i ka momona ma kona waha. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka hopu ʻana i nā manu a me nā mea inikini e lele ana i ka lewa, a e hoʻowai i nā iʻa, ke ʻoke aila ʻaila me ka maunu. Ma nā kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi, aia ka reptile i ka wā kūpono a wehe i kona waha. Ke komo ka iʻa i loko ona, e pani wale ana kona waha.
Kipa ʻia ka ʻai a nā holoholona makua e ka iʻa e pili ana i 25 cm ka lōʻihi, a hānai nui nā wai i nā huaʻai i nā mea iniketi a me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā amphibians.
I ka pākeke, piha ke ʻano o ka papa e nā mamm i kaupaona a i ka 30 kg, waterfowl, nā honu a me nā mea make. ʻO ka hopu pinepine ʻia he anacondas ʻelua mika (Eunectes murinus), capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochoerus) a me nā kahu ʻahuʻula keʻokeʻo (Tayassu pecari).
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne ka lōʻihi ma 350-420 cm me ke kaumaha a hiki i ka 428 kg, a ʻo nā wahine hoʻi a hiki i 390 cm a me 195 kg, ma ia wahi. He laulā a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka muzzle, akā ua ʻoi aku ma mua o nā gavial (Gavialis gangeticus). Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā unahi keratinized ma hope i nā laina symmetrical.
Ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula ke kala me nā wahi ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a me ka hina hina.I ka pio, hiki ke loli ma muli o nā kūlana o ka paʻa.
Paʻa ke kino a ʻōwili ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui ma ka ʻaoʻao waena. Hoʻopili ʻia ka huelo muscular a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hopena. Ma nā wāwae o nā wāwae huluhulu ikaika aia i nā manamana lima e pili ana i ka membrane kauʻau. Ma ka mua, 5 mau manamana lima ʻole me kahi membrane.
ʻO ke ola ola o kahi puʻupuʻu Orinok he 70-80 mau makahiki.