Ua loaʻa nā Therizinosaurs (a i Segnosaurs) i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana mai ka Early to Late Cretaceous ma Mongolia, Kina a me ke komohana o ka USA. ʻO ka inoa "Therizinosaurus" puka mai Therizinosaurus, ka inoa o kekahi o nā ʻelele o kēia hui, a me "Segnosaurus" - mai ka Segnosaurus.

Loaʻa iā Therizinosaves nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi, nā torsos ākea. ʻO nā wāwae ʻehā me nā manamana lima ʻehā i hoʻohana no ka hele ʻana, kahi mea e like me ka prosauropod. ʻO nā iwi pelvic ko lākou ʻano like me nā iwi pelvic o nā moa-dinosaurs, a ʻo nā puʻupuʻu a me nā wāwae a me nā ʻūhā hou aʻe i like me nā wāwae a me nā ʻili o nā therop predatory.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Therizinosaurs he mau hoahānau o ka prosauuropod a hiki i ka waena waena o 1990, i ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai kahi alxasaurus, ua mālama pono ʻia nā piʻopala. Ua like ʻo Alksazavr me kahi aropod ma mua o kahi prozauropod, no laila ua heluʻia nārizrizauraur i loko o ka papa inoa o kēia wā.

Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nārizrizaurs a me nā mea hoʻohuli e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻelele primitive o ka hui, e like me ka beiposaosaur i ka makahiki 1999 a me ka falkaria i ka makahiki 2005. Ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i hōʻike i ka falkaria e pili ana i kahi kūlana waena ma waena o nā andropod predatory. ʻOiai, ʻoiai ʻorizrizinosaurs i kēia manawa he asropod, ua like ko lākou ʻōpala me nā ʻōlohi sauropod i ke ʻano o nā niho a me nā ʻaki, no laila he mau mea kanu lākou.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o ka therizinosaurs nā peʻa nui ma luna o ko lākou mau wāwae, aia ma kekahi mau holoholona (e like merizrizinosaurus) ka lōʻihi o kana mau kenimeta kenimika. ʻO ka mea maopopo i nārizrizaurs e hiki ke alo i ko lākou mau forepaws i kahi mamao loa e hōʻoia nei he mea hānai lākou. Hiki i nā Therizinosaurs ke hoʻohana i kā lākou mau wāwae lōʻihi a paʻa i nā kīkoʻi ikaika e kūlou i nā lālā i loko o ko lākou waha, ma ke ʻano e like me ka iwi prehistoric sloth. Hōʻike nā fossil a Beipyaosaurus ua uhi ʻia nārizrizaurs i kahi ʻāpana o ka fluff primitive like i loaʻa i loko o ka Sinosauropteryx, a loaʻa nō hoʻi nā hulu lahilahi i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hōʻike ʻana i nā lālā o ka wahine like ʻole a makaʻu ʻole paha i nā poʻe nā mea hoʻopuka. ʻO Therizinosaurs he hui ʻano lehulehu loa o nā dinosaurs, mai nā beiposaosaurs liʻiliʻi (2.2 mika) i kahi keʻa ʻorizrizaurus nui, ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 10-12 mika, ua kaupaona he 6,2 tons a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano nui.

ʻ historylelo aʻo

No ka hele ʻole ʻana o nā ʻike mua, ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻenehana kūlohelohe kekahi o nā poʻe ʻepekema, e like me Gregory S. Paul, i ka manaʻo hewa ʻole he segnosaurs (ka inoa "serisinosaurs" i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia) he mamo nā prosauropods a i ʻole mōnina paturry primitive. Ma muli o ka manaʻo i ʻike ʻia nā ʻohana prozauropod, ʻo nā kiʻi segnosaur o mua (a me ko Paulo mau kiʻi like kiʻi) e hōʻike ana iā lākou i ka holoholona he ʻehā like ʻole, akā naʻe, ʻo ka neʻe o kēia mau mea i nā wāwae ʻehā ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻano manu o kā lākou mau pulima. Ua noi ʻo Paleontologist Robert T. Backer i ka makahiki 1986 i ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka helu ʻana o nā dinosaurs i kēlā wā. ʻO ka detachment kekahi e hui pū me nā dinosaurus karnivorous - carnosaurs, coelurosaurs, raptors, a me kahi papa lua o nā mea kanu āpau - ornithopods, hadrosaurs, marginoceals, ceratops, a me nā segnosaurs, sauropods, a me prosauropods.

Ka manawa a me kahi o ka noho ʻana

Ma mua o mākou he mea aloha alshazaur i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e ka mea pena a Argentine ʻo Gabriel Lio.

Ua ola ʻo Alshazaurs ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Cretaceous, ma kahi o 125-100.5 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei (mai ka Aptic a i nā Albania). Ua māhele ʻia lākou i ka ʻāina o Kina i kēia manawa, i ka aimak Alashan, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻāpana o ke aukōlono o Inner Mongolia.

Nā 'ano a me ka mōʻaukala o ka hemo

ʻO nā ʻano manu i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā ʻO Alxasaurus nā elesitaiensispalapala hoʻohālike

No ka manawa mua, ʻike ʻia nā kaila o kahi alshazaur e ka huakaʻi Sino-Kanada mai ʻAukake 21 a Kepakemapa 2, 1988, 1 kilomita ma ke komohana o ka poʻe i haʻalele ʻia ʻo Elesitai a me 23 mau komohana komohana o ke kauā o Tukemu (Alashan wao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China). No kēia kikowaena ia he mea hoʻokumu i ka hoʻonaʻauao Bain-Gobi.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ke alshazaurus ua hāʻawi ʻia e ka paleontologist Kanada ʻo Dale Russell a me kāna hoa hana Kina ʻo Dong Zhimin i ka makahiki 1994. Kūkala ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi puke naʻau ʻepekema. Ka Palapala ʻIkala o Kanaka Pūnaewele. ^ E Ha yM. I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka ʻatikala, ua wehewehe mākou i ka inoa ākea o alshazaur. Hāʻawi ʻia nā inoa inoa elesitaiensis i ka waiho ʻia ʻana o Elesitai, kahi i loaʻa kahi dinosaur.

ʻO ka holotype, ke koena o ka mea nui a me ka mea piha loa, i loaʻa i ka inoa o ka inoa IVPP 88402a. E komo i nā iwi niho kūpono me nā niho he nui, nā iwi o nā pelvis a me nā manamana lima, nā iwi a me nā hapa nui o ka pōpoki, ʻo ia ka 5 sacral a me 19 caudal vertebrae. Ma kahi'ē aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā Spiml alshazaurus ʻehā: IVPP 88301, IVPP 88402b, IVPP 88501 a me IVPP 88510. Hoʻopili lākou ʻae i ka hana hou ʻana o ka holoholona i piha loa, ʻaʻole ka waiho wale ʻana wale nō.

ʻĀina kino

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka alshazaurus a hiki i ka 3.8 mika. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ke piʻi i ka 1,9 mika. Ua kaupaʻa ʻo ia i 380 kilogram (ke kaumaha o ka zebra nui).

Ua neʻe ka mau aliʻi pangolin ma nā wāwae ʻelua, e lōʻihi ana ma kahi o 1.5 mika. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā puʻu a ʻo ka 1.5 m nō hoʻi ka lōʻihi o ka mau forelimb (e pili ana i 1 m). Ua hoʻopau lākou me ʻekolu mau manamana lima me nā ʻili koʻikoʻi. Hōʻike pololei kēia mau kikoʻī ua hoʻohana pinepine nā alshazaur i kāna mau mua. Hiki iā lākou ke hana kūpono i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka pale mai nā poʻe predator. ʻO ka mea ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole i ʻokoʻa ka alshazaur, e like me ka hapanui o karizrizaurs, ʻaʻole ia i ʻokoʻa i loko o nā wikiwiki e ʻoi nei, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea āpau ma mua o kona moʻolelo kūhelu - therizinosaurus (Therizinosaurus).

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i mālama piha ʻia ka ʻōpala: ʻo kahi hiʻi wale nō o ka ʻaha haʻahaʻa i ʻike ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, e pili ana i ka taxa e pili loa ana, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoholo a he liʻiliʻi, ʻuʻuku a elongated. Hāʻawi ʻia nā niho liʻiliʻi pololei o nā alshazaurus me nā lei aliʻi serrated. ʻO ke kino o ka dinosaur o ka awal Cretaceous i helehelena iki a ua hoʻomaka hoʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻāʻī lahilahi a me ke poʻo liʻiliʻi.

Hāʻawi ʻo Chaun Chun Tat i kahi mea plumage hemo. ʻOiai ka hapanui o ka hana kiʻi kiʻi ʻia e hōʻike ana i ka hulu hulu alshazaur, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o nā hulu hulu. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke alo o kēlā beiposaosaur e pili pono ana (Beipiaosaurus), ke noho nei hoʻi ma Kina, ʻoiai ke hāʻawi mau nei i ka paona hou ma kēia ʻāpana.

ʻAʻole i like me nārizrizaurs mua, ʻo ka alshazaurus ua pau ke kākoki. Ma ka laulā, ʻo alshazavrid kahi wahi kikoʻī ma ke ʻano ākea ʻorizrizaurusaurus.

Ma muli o ke kuhi ʻana ʻo ia i nā hōʻailona ʻelua o ka "primitive" a ma hope mai ʻo Therizinosaurs, he kūlana kikowaena, ua waiho ʻo Dale Russell lāua ʻo Dong Zhiming iā ia i kahi ʻohana alshazavrid hoʻokaʻawale. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻike pono ʻia ka ʻike alshazaurus i kahi mea nui i hōʻoia nui ʻia ka hele mai o therizinosaurs mai nā theropod. ʻO keʻano kūikawā, ua loaʻa i ka iwi wrist lunal ma ka dromaeosaurids, troodontids, oviraptorids a me nā manu. Ma hope mai ka loaʻa o ka falcarius (Falcarius) a me ka beipaosaurus i kēia manaʻo.

ʻO ka ʻūhā Alshazaurus

Hōʻike ke kiʻi i kahi hōʻike o nā ʻano Alxasaurus elesitaiensis mai ka Royal Tyrrell Paleontological Museum (Drumler, Alberta, Canada).

Aia ma lalo iho kahi hōʻikeʻike i ka hōʻike ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Storium (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada).

Genus: Alksazavr

Alksazavr - kekahi o nā moʻomanaʻo keu, liʻiliʻi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana me nā mea i loaʻa ʻole i ka paleontologists mua i ka haki o nā iwi o nā pōpoki.

Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea i hoʻopuʻi ʻia ʻole i maopopo ʻole a pohihihi: ʻo ke poʻo e like me kahi kukuna, nā wāwae lōʻihi, ke kua, e like me ka ʻoki.

Ke hoʻomau nei kā lākou ʻike ʻana i ka ʻepekema i ʻike ʻia i kahi ʻano o ka dinosaurs i ʻike ʻole i kēlā wā. A ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o Kina o ka pale o ka pale ma Alksazavr, ua hoʻopau loa nā kānalua.

Ua neʻe kēia holoholona hihiu ma nā wāwae ʻelua. He ikaika ko ka poʻe forelimbs e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā ʻaluna nui i loaʻa i ka pūima. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, nā niho o Alksazavra lawelawe i nā mea kanu lāʻau. Hoʻokū ʻia nā limu o ka holoholona me nā pōpoki lōʻihi, kahi mea, he mea lā ke ʻano like o nā mea e ʻike ʻia. Eia naʻe, lawelawe lākou iā Alksazavru e pale aku e pale aku i ka dinosaur predatory.

I waena o nā poʻe loea, ala i kūakaʻe ai kahi kūkā ma hea o ka papa o nā dinosaur i loaʻa i kahi līke e kū hoʻokahi? Ma ka lima like, nui nā ʻike e pili ana i kona kaona ʻana me ka dinosaurs herbivorous. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia kahi mau hōʻailona e hiki ai iā Alksazavra ke kiʻi i nā aropod. No laila, hoʻomaka kekahi o nā mea noiʻi e pili i ke kilokilo ʻuhane i ka ʻohana o therizinosaurs, kahi pilina waena ma waena o nā sauropods a me nā theropod. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema. E wehe i ka mea huna o kahi holoholona ʻano kupaianaha, pono nā alakaʻi loea e hana i kahi nui noiʻi.

Wahi a ka poʻe ʻepekema, i kēlā manawa, nā paleosaur e like me nā buosaur, i nā lau, a me nā psittacosaurs - nā manu dinosaurous herbivorous, kahi nui o nā mea he nui i noho ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka Alksazavirs. Akā, ʻo Alksazavr ka holoholona hihiu, ʻoiai he mea maʻamau. ʻAno nā lōʻihi a me nā ʻūhā nā lōʻihi a me nā ʻiki koʻikoʻi ke ae iā ia e ʻohi nā lālā a me nā mea momona maikaʻi a me nā lau o nā ginkgo. Loaʻa nā koena o nā mea kanu i nā mea he nui ma Kina, ʻo ko lākou makahiki he 80 miliona mau makahiki. ʻOiai hiki paha ke ola ana ke ginkgo ma ka hema o Kina. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lāʻau, he mau makahiki like lākou e like me nā dinosaurs. Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, ʻo kēia mea kanu ka mea nui i ka ʻai o nā Alksasaurs. ʻOiai i ka manawa o kēia mau lizards conifers, ulu a nā māla a me nā mea kanu ulu nui.

ʻO ka kaiʻai a me ka nohona

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana e ke kumu o nā iwi a me nā niho, ua hānai nui ʻia nā alshazaurs ma ke kumu o nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ʻoiai hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, e like me nā amphibians, nā ʻilikina a me nā momi. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā invertebrates, kēlā mau mollusks a i ʻole nā ​​mea inikini, hiki ke hele pū i loko o ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka paleobiota o ka hoʻokumu ʻo Bain-Gobi i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia. Ma kēia manawa, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻaoʻao o Alshazaurs ma ke ʻaoʻao me ka sauropods ʻike ʻole, ceratops, a me nā theropod. Ma nā waihona like ʻole, ʻo ka penrosopidathus hadrosaurid (Penelopognathus) i wehewehe ʻia i ka makahiki 2005, ʻike ʻia nō hoʻi. E hōʻike ʻia nā mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka alshazavr.

Hiki i ke alshazavrida haole ke alakaʻi aku i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa, a hui pū me nā hui. I mea e makemake ai i nā mea kākoʻo o ka hopena hou, loaʻa nā loaʻa nui o ka falkaria, ma mua o therizinosaurs.

Nānā: Nā Therizinosaurs

ʻO nā iwi pelvic kaʻeke o kēia mau dinosaurs i like me nā iwi pelvic o nā pūkī moa. A ʻo nā wāwae a me nā ʻili, like me ka wāwae a me nā ʻili o nā theropod predatory. Loaʻa i ka Therizinosaurus ka pākū ākea a me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi.

Ua hoʻomaha nā holoholona ma ka hele ʻana ma nā manamana ʻehā o nā manamana o ka ʻōpū, kahi i like ai me ka prosauropod. Ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi mau hoahānau o ka prosauropod a hiki i ka waena waena o 1990, i ka manawa i loaʻa ai nā Alxazaurus. Ua mālama iki ʻia nā koena o nā holoholona. Ua like me Alksazavr e like me ka aropod, ʻaʻole like me ka prosauropod. E pili ana i kēia kūlana, ua helu ʻia nā Therizinosaurs i ka papa hoʻonaʻauao ʻekepili hou me nā theropod.

Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokū ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nārizrizaurs a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā ʻelele primitive o ka hui, e like me ka beipaosaurus (i ka makahiki 1999) a me ka falkariya (i ka makahiki 2005).

ʻAʻole nui ka Alexazavar.

ʻO nā poʻe noiʻi e wehewehe ana i ka falkaria e ʻōlelo ana he kahua waena ma waena o nā theropods predatory a me nā herbivorous. I kēia manawa, akā, ua helu ʻia nārizrizaurs e like me nā theropod. ʻO ka pahu ʻōlima me ko kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo sauropod i ke ʻano o nā niho a me nā ʻāʻī. I ka uluʻana, ua make nui kēia mau holoholona.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa a me nā hiʻohiʻona o Therizinosaurs he mau pua nui loa i ko lākou mau wāwae. I kekahi mau holoholona o kēia mau holoholona, ​​ua loaʻa nā kuku i ka lōʻihi o 90 cm. Hiki i nā Therizinosaurs ke alo i ko lākou mau ʻōpū i kahi mamao loa. Ua hōʻike kēia hiki i kēia mau holoholona i mea kanu. He like like ke ʻano o ka ʻohana Therizinosaurus ma ka prehistoric sloth: hiki i nā holoholona ke hoʻohana i kā lākou mau wāwae lōʻihi a māhiki loa e kālai lima i nā lālā a lākou i waha.

ʻO ka hele ʻana aku o nā hulu manu i ka dinosaurs e hoʻohālikelike wale ai.

Ma ke kaʻina hana e noiʻi nei i nā koena o nā beiposaosaur, ua ʻike ʻia i uhi ʻia ʻorizrizaurs me kahi uhi o ka flint primitive. Ua loaʻa kekahi ʻano plumage mua ma Sinosauropteryx. Loaʻa hoʻi nā hulu nui. Ua hōʻike aku nā holoholona iā lākou i mea e huki i nā ʻelele o nā kāne ke kūʻē a hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻenemi.

ʻO Therizinosaurs ka hui ʻano nui o nā dinosaurs, a me nā beiposaosaurs liʻiliʻi (2.2 mika) a me nā aliʻirizinosaurs nui, nona nā ʻelele he lōʻihi o 10-12 mika a kaupaona he 6,2 tons a ʻo ia ka nui o nā theropods kaulana.