Kahi Wai Wai Altai | ||||||||||
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Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | ||||||||||
Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Moulou | Plalani |
Lāpala: | Nāu |
Hoʻopiʻi: | Kahi Wai Wai Altai |
- Ovis ammonLinnaeus, 1758
- Ovis argali Boddaert, 1785
- Ovis argali altaica Severtsov, 1873
- Ovis argali dauricia Severtsov, 1873
- Ovis argali mongolica Severtsov, 1873
- Ovis ammon przevalski Nasonov, 1923
He ʻauhau ma nā wiki | Nā kiʻi ma Wikimedia Commons |
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ʻO ka Papa ʻĀina o Rusia pau ka nana ana | |
E ʻike i ka ʻike Kahi Wai Wai Altai ma ka pūnaewele IPEE RAS |
Lā hipa kuahiwi Altai , a i ole Leka a Altai , a i ole paio , a i ole ʻO nā hipa ʻo Tien Shan , a i ole Altai hakakā [ ʻaʻole kumu i koho ʻia ma nā lā 1116 ], ai ole Altai hakakā (lat. Ovis ammon ammon) - kahi momi hanven-hoofed mai ka ʻohana bovine, he subspecies of argali ( Ovis ammon ).
Kāleka
ʻO Altai kahe hipa - ka mea hōʻike nui o nā hua hipa. Ovis ), i ka ʻoi aku, nā pū nā pepe ikaika loa. ʻO ko lākou kaumaha ma nā kāne pākeke ke hiki aku i 35 kg.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe i nā lau - 70-125 cm, lōʻihi o ke kino - 1.2-2 m, ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi 13-14 cm, ke kino kino - 70-180 kg. ʻO ka ola ola he 12-18 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo o nā subspecies he squat torso, nāniki a ikaika loa. ʻO ka hope o ka muzzle ka mea oi aku ka māmā ma mua o ke kala o ke poʻo a me ke kua o ka holoholona.
Hōʻike hōʻikeʻike
ʻO Mountain hipa Arkhara ma waena o nā ʻanoʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano he nui. I ka papa ʻepekemaheluhelu inoa, kani ka inoa o nā ʻano like o Ovis Ammon. Ua hele mai ka ʻāpana ʻelua mai ka inoa o ke akua ʻo ʻAmona, ʻo ia, e like me ka moʻolelo ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka honua, ua hoʻohuli i hipa kāne. Ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me nā puʻupuʻu lōʻihi lōʻihi.
He mau holoholona nani kēia me ka post haʻaheo, he iwi ʻūhū a me nā wāwae lōʻihi. Ma muli o nā puʻe kupanaha, ua ʻoki ke poʻo o ko lākou poʻo. Eia nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona nui a me ka wehewehe:
- ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kino i nā kāne he 1.7-2 m, i nā wahine - 1.2-1.5 m.
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hipa ka 106-125 cm, nā hipa 95-112 cm.
- ʻO ka paona o nā kāne, ʻo 110-170 kg (ma nā ʻokoʻa kūikawā - ma kahi o 200 kg), ʻo ke kaumaha o nā wahine he 60-100 kg.
- ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻiwi i nā kāne he 25-35 cm, ma nā wahine - 23-30 cm.
- He nui ke poʻo, nui, me kahi pākuʻi a pololei paha humped, i nā wahine ʻoi aku ka nui o ke poʻo.
- Hāʻawi ʻia nā muzzle (i nā wahine - ua ʻoki ʻia), me ka pena keʻokeʻo a me nā puka māmā.
- Kūleʻa loa nā pūkona, me nā tassels ma nāʻaoʻao.
- ʻO nā pū nā pepeiao o nā kāne he lōʻihi, wili ʻia i loko o ke apo a iʻa paha, e kūlou nā ʻaha aʻo, hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi ke hiki i 2 m, ke kaupaona ʻana me ko ka cranium hiki ke piʻi i ka 40-50 kg, hiki i 13% o ke kaumaha o ke kino.
- I nā wahine, liʻiliʻi nā pūlima, mai 5 cm a 60 cm, ua kūleʻe a hoʻowalewale ʻia, e like me nā kao, i kekahi manawa ua loaʻa nā keiki hipa kīnā ʻole.
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī o ke ʻāʻī, pālahalaha.
- ʻO ka pahu a pālahalaha holomua, i kahi girth o 120-135 cm.
- ʻO ke kino ma ke kikoʻī kūʻokoʻa o ke kino e nānā iki a he pōkole iki.
- ʻO ka iwi metacarpal a me ka metatarsal i luna o nā wāwae hakakā, ʻaʻole i hui ʻia kahi kao kuahiwi a me ka hulu hipa he ʻona nō ia, hiki iā Arkhar ke holo koke i ka ʻaoʻao o ka awāwa a piʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao ākea.
- He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā hoove ma mua o 4-4,5 cm, ma ke kua o ke aniani o 2-4 mm.
- Aia he 2 mau hoehle hou e pili ana i hope o nā wāwae.
- Ua kū pololei ke peʻe, a hiki i 18 cm lōʻihi.
ʻO ke kapa o Arkharov mai ke one melemele (kokoke i ke keʻokeʻo) a i ka brown-brown, i ka hoʻoilo ka hoʻoilo ʻia ka hulu. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi wahi keʻokeʻo ma nā wahi lumbar o nā hipa, ka ʻōpū, ka ʻaoʻao ʻōpū o nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a me nā ʻūhā, a ʻo nā muzzle nā like like. Ma ka nape o ke kāne, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kapa, kau ke kala. ʻO nā ʻāpana o ke kuahiwi a me nā kao, like like, akā ʻaʻohe Arkhar i kahi ʻumiʻumi, ʻoi kona mau ʻopihi a nui aʻe nā ʻeke. I nā hipa, ʻaʻole e like me nā kao, ʻaʻohe ʻano kūpono o ka hulu e hāʻawi nei i kahi kakara o ka huluhulu.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
ʻO nā hipa mauna o ka ʻArgali a i ʻole Arkhar e noho ai i kekahi mau wahi o Central and Central Asia, ma Mongolia, Kazakhstan ma ka hikina a me ke komohana o Siberia. Hoʻokomo i loko o nā poʻomanaʻo o Tien Shan Range, Palmyra, Sayan. Aia ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma nā pā o Nepal, ka Himalaya, Tibet, a me kekahi mau wahi o Dagestan.Ma kēia e uhi ai ʻo ia i kahi o ka 10,000 km², ua hana ʻoi aku ka nui a uhi ʻia ma kahi kokoke o ʻAsia.
Noho nā pipi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1300-1600 m, makemake i nā pālahalaha a me nā ʻōpio mālie. ʻOiai ke ʻike pinepine ʻia nā holoholona ma luna o nā pōhaku, ka mea ʻoi ka nui o nā holoholona o ka hale i ke kālā iā lākou mai loko aʻe o ka nui a me nā wahi. Makemake nā kānaka i nā wahi ākea, neʻe i nā awāwa i ka hoʻoilo a me ka wā kanu mua, a ke kauwela ke piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe ma ke kuahiwi, ma ka palena o nā ʻāpana alpine a me nā mauʻu keu. ʻO ka hele ʻana i ka pae hoʻohālikelike i hōʻike ʻia ʻana, ma kahi o 30-40 km².
Habitat ʻOihana hipa
ʻO Otar Archar nona ka 30-100 kanaka hoʻokahi, ʻo nā holoholona nui loa i kēia manawa e noho nei ma Mongolia. I ka wā ma waena o gonas, nā kāne a me nā wahine me nā cubs e noho kaʻawale. ʻO nā kahu hipa he nui loa o nā hipa, ʻānai pinepine aku nā hipa kāne iā lākou. Noho nā Males i nā hui bachelor o 6-10 mau pahuhopu.
Hoʻokele nā hipa Alpine i nā lāʻau āpau e hiki ke loaʻa ma nā puu kuahiwi. I ke kauwela, piʻi nā holoholona i ka ʻāpana o nā ʻōpala alpine, kahi lākou e loaʻa ai i ka lau na succulent e waiwai i ka momona. I ka hoʻoilo, inā nui ka meli ma luna o 10 cm, iho lākou i loko o nā awāwa. Mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo, hana ka hipa i ka mauʻu maloʻo loa o ka makahiki i hala, moss, lichens. Pono kekahi holoholona nui i ka nui o nā mea kanu, i kahi lā e ʻai ai aia ma kahi o 18 kg o ka meaʻai. Me ka nele o ka meaʻai i ka hoʻoilo, nui ka poʻe i nāwaliwali i make.
Noho ʻo Argars ma ke neʻe mau ʻana, neʻe ʻana mai ka hana i waena o ka ʻai i ka ʻai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai. Ke hāmeʻa nui lākou, holo pono ma ke kahawai o ka pali pōhaku. Hiki iā lākou ke lele i nā gorges a hiki i 5 m ākea a piʻi i nā pōhaku. Holo aku i ka papu ma ka wikiwiki o 50-60 km / h.
Piʻi nā holoholona, me ka ʻūʻū liʻiliʻi loa e lawe ʻia a holo i luna. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā Arkhars he mau ʻīlio holoʻokoʻa, nā lynxes, nā ʻihi a me nā lekiō o ka hau. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia nui i ka lehulehu, ʻoiai luku lākou i nā holoholona nāwaliwali wale nō. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi aʻe o ka hōʻeha i ka Arkhars e ka poʻe.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaka ka wā hānai i ka hipa ʻohana ʻo Arkhar i ʻOkakopa a i ʻole Nowemapa. I kēia manawa, hana nā hipa a me nā keiki hipa i nā hui maʻamau. Hoʻopili nā kānāwai o ka polyandry a me nā polygyny; pili i ka wahine a me nā kāne i komo i ka ʻaina i ka manawa like. E hele i ka hipa i ka wā akilele a ʻo ia nō mau makahiki he 2-3 makahiki, hipa wale 4-5 mau makahiki, ʻumi nā kāne i ka hua ma hope o ka 5 mau makahiki. Ma mua o ka moe ʻana, hoʻonohonoho nā hipa kāne i nā hakakā a laila e koho nā wahine i ka ikaika loa.
Hānau ka wahine a ka wahine ma kahi o 150-160 mau lā, he 40-50 mau lā ma mua o kahi hipa hipa. Hānau ʻia nā keikihipa i ka pūnāwai ke piʻi ka nui o nā meaʻai. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, wehe ʻia ka wahine i kahi wahi neʻe. Kūleʻa ke kaʻina hana o 20 mau minuke, kaupaona ke keiki pēpē hou i 3-4 kg.
ʻO ka hapanui ka hakakā i hānau i hoʻokahi kūleʻa, ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia nā māhoe. Kū koke ke keiki hipa liʻiliʻi ma kona wāwae a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka nipple. Noho like ka hipa hipa me kāna keikihipa no hoʻokahi pule, a laila hui pū i ka ʻohana.
Mountain Lamb Arkhar
ʻO nā keikikahine i loko o ka holoholona e hui pū, e pāʻani mau ana i waena o lākou iho. Mai ka lua o ka pule, hoʻomaka ko lākou pepeiaohao e ulu, a mai ka mahina ua ʻānai nā holoholona i nā huʻu. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i ka waiū no 4-5 mau mahina, ʻo ia ka manawa e mālama ai ka wahine i kāna hua. Mai ka 5 mahina, lilo kūʻokoʻa nā keiki hipa. Hiki i nā nohona ola maikaʻi wale nō me ka 5-55% o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio e ola, ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka nui o ka Arkhar ke ulu wikiwiki. ʻO ke ola hope loa o nā hipa hipa o Argali i ka wao i hiki aku ai i 10-13 mau makahiki, akā he nui nā mea e ola a hiki i 6 mau makahiki. Ma nā Zoos hiki i kēia mau manu ke noho i 18 mau makahiki.
ʻĀpana kikowaena Arkharov
ʻO nā subspecies a i ʻole nā ʻano hakakā o nā hipa mauna e noho ana i nā wahi like ʻole. ʻOkoʻa lākou i ka nui, ka ʻahuʻula, nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kū a kū me ka hana. E like me ka helu ʻana o kēia mau lā, aia ma kahi o 9 mau subspecies:
- Altai mauna hipa Arkhar. Noho ma Mongolia, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka Kaiaulu Gobi, Tuva, ma ka hikina o Kazakhstan, ma ke komohana hema o Altai a me Siberia, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o East a Central Asia.Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka nui o nā hakakā a pau.
- Mauna mauna ʻo Kazakh Arkhar. Noho kū ʻia i nā kuahiwi o Kazakhstan, kokoke i ka loko o Lake Balkhash, ma Kalba kahi o Altai, nā ʻāpana o Monrak, Saur, Tarbagatai. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona o kēia ʻāina. ʻO ka hulu hipa o ka hipa ka mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka hina hina, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona mau pepeiao e pili ana i 120 cm, ua kuhi ʻia lākou i loko o ke apo.
- ʻOmela hipa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻōhala nui i ka mea e noho ana ma Tibet, a me Himalayas ma India a me Nepal hoʻi. He pākahu hina hina ia, kokoke i nā pepeiaohao, kokoke i ka palena me ke poʻo, a i kuli ʻia i loko o ka līlio.
- Tien Shan Arkhar. ʻO ia no ka manawa mua i wehewehe ʻia ma ka makahiki 1873 a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi kū kaʻawale. Noho ana ʻo Tien Shan, ma nā mauna Chu-Ili, ma nā wahi o Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kina.
- ʻO Pamir subspecies, a ram Marco Polo paha. ʻO kona noho ʻana ʻo Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, a me kekahi mau ʻāina o Kina. He nani nani kēia poʻo me ka ʻāpana o ka hulu hipa i nā ʻaoʻao a i hope. Ua wehewehe ʻia e ka mea holo Italia kaulana, ma muli o kāna inoa nona ka inoa.
- ʻO Gobi ʻano a i ʻole nā subspecies. Noho ia ma Mongolia, ma Gurun Gobi, ma lalo o 45 ° ʻākau kahawai, a me kekahi o nā panalāʻau Kina i ka ʻāina like. Hoʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā Arkhars.
- Kālā subspecies Karatau. Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻohana hipa i nā awāwa ma waena o nā Syr Darya a me Amu Darya, ma ke kūkulu hema o Kazakhstan, ma kahi kuahiwi o ka wao nahele ʻo Kyzylkum. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā mauna Nuratau ma Uzbekistan a i ʻole ma ka pali Aktau (komohana ʻo Kazakhstan).
- Argali o North China. Noho ka poʻe subspecies i nā wahi ulu o Tibet. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā pepeiaohao nani, hoʻopā ʻia e ka papala, ka hulu hipa o ka pale hina-hina.
- ʻO nā hipa kuahiwi ʻo Kyzylkum. Noho ma ka wao nahele ʻo Kyzylkum, ma Kazakhstan. Wahi a ka ʻike hou loa, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna helu ma kahi o 100 kanaka, no laila hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā ʻano he kokoke loa.
ʻAʻole nā ʻōlelo a pau i ka ʻauhau ʻauhau a me nā papa hoʻoili i nā Arkhars. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi o Kyzylkum i kēia manawa ma kahi ʻanoʻokoʻa. ʻO M whaneke ʻo Uouflon ka pili kokoke loa o Arkhar, ka mea e noho nei ma nā wahi like, akā nui aku ka noho mua.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hipa hipa
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hipa hipa hipa mai 120 a 200 cm, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maloʻo e 90-120 cm, ke kaumaha mai 65 a 180 kg. Nā ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. No laila, ʻo ka mea i koho nui ʻia ʻo ka Pamir argali. ʻOkoʻa ka kala kala o nā holoholona me kahi kala waihoula māmā a i kahi hina hina. Māmā ka ʻili o ke kino. Ma nā ʻaoʻao he ʻāpana polūʻeleʻele, hoʻokaʻawale i ke kino o luna mai lalo. He māmā ka muzzle a me ka huelo. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻaha hipa hipa e ka ʻike ʻana i kahi aniani hōʻailona o ka hulu māmā ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā hulu elongated ma ka nape. Hana ʻia ka lula ʻana i kekahi mau manawa i ka makahiki, ua lōʻihi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kapa hoʻoilo ma mua o ke kapa kauwela. ʻAno nā wāwae a ʻōpiopio.
ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine o kahi ʻohana hipa he mau ʻāpana lōʻihi. I nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou nui, mai ka 180 a 190 cm, ua ʻeliʻeli lākou i loko o nā pihi, me nā pane o ke kū i waho a i luna.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka meaʻai hipa hipa
ʻO nā hipa kuahiwi kahi holoholona o kahi ʻano mea kanu, ʻo ke kumu o ka meaʻai o ia mea he ʻano lāʻau ʻano kanu lāʻau. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa he penchant kūikawā no nā mea kanu cereal. ʻO nā subspecies a pau i ka meaʻaiʻai he mau makaʻala ʻole ia; hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka sedge a me ka hodgepodge.
Hiki i kekahi holoholona ke hana me ka inu ʻole i ka wai no kekahi manawa a leʻaleʻa i ka umu e hele mai ana mai nā mea kanu. Inā makemake, hiki iā ia ke inu i ka wai paʻakai.
Nā ʻano hipa a me nā hipa
Kahi mau ʻano liʻiliʻi a ʻikea nā hua manu o kēia mau holoholona. ʻO nā kamaliʻi he mau lōlū a hale ʻaihue no ka ʻiʻo a me ka huluhulu. A i ʻole he ʻelua. No kēia, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻai a me nā hulu hipa. Eia kekahi, no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hipa hipa hou aku ʻoi aku, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hānai i nā hipa lōʻihi. ʻO kahi koho nui loa ka hipa hipa ʻokoʻa lika o Rūsia.
E ʻike ʻia nā mea like ʻole e like me:
- Soviet merino.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia i ka wahi nui e loaʻa i ka hulu merino palupalu.
- Karakul ʻano hipa. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kahi pua wīwī. Hana ʻia nā kalaka i ka hulu hipa o ka pua koʻi, a ʻo nā ʻalike e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana hou ʻana i nā kapa ʻino astrakhan.
- Hoʻohui inoa maikaʻi ʻo Leister - kūpono no ka ʻiʻo a me ka huluhulu.
- Dagestan ʻano hipa - hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻai a me ka huluhulu.
- Altai ʻano - ulu ʻia no ka ʻiʻo a me ka hulu.
Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano manu he hipa hipa, akā ʻike ʻia kekahi mau holoholona hihiu o kēia ʻohana holoholona. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻo Mouflon, ʻo ka ʻoni Kalepa, he mauna ia, ʻo ka ʻolima wāwae kāne, ʻo Arkhar, ʻo Urial a me nā mea he nui ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hipa a me nā hipa
ʻO ka nānā aku, ʻoiai ʻo kā KAUʻUA!
Nānā i nā mea mālama mālama
He nui liʻiliʻi nā ʻohana hipa ʻo Arkhar, a ʻo kona mau subspecies hoʻokahi, a hoʻoweliweli ʻia kekahi me ka piha piha, no laila ke kākau nei lākou i loko o ka Red Book o nā ʻāina he nui, a me Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China. ʻAʻole wale ka lawaiʻa holoholona, akā ke kūʻai aku nei i nā ʻili, nā pepeiaohao a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kupapaʻu ua pāpā ʻia. ʻOiai ke pale ʻana o ka mālama mai, ke emi nei ka nui o nā holoholona. ʻO ka lehulehu ʻo Dagestan, ke kūlana paʻakikī o nā Arkhars mai ka wao nahele Kyzylkum, ua aneane nalowale.
ʻO nā pepeiaohao nui e kūʻē ana - ke kaua nui o ka poʻe hopu o nā poorship. Hiki ke piʻi ke kumukūʻai o nā kumukūʻai ma ka ʻeleʻele he 10 tausani US kālā. ʻAʻole pili ka nui o nā luna e hakakā nei me ke kūʻai ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā pu, ʻike ikaika ka ʻoihana clandestine. Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei ka pana ʻana i nā wahi i pale ʻia ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma Rūsia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, a me nā ʻāina ʻo Central Ālani. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, e hoʻoweliweli i ka noho ʻana o nā ʻano Tibetan a me Palmyra.
Eia kekahi, hoʻoweliweli ka holoholona i ke ola kanaka. ʻO nā pilikia nui:
- ka ʻohi ʻana i ka ʻohana hipa.
- ka hana ʻana no nā hale āpau a me nā pale ʻana ma nā ala o ka hele ʻana aku,
- ka hana ʻana i nā alahele a me nā alanui nui i nā wahi noho,
- mining.
I ka ulu ʻana o ka mahiʻai o ka mahiʻai, aʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻoihana holoholona manuahi, hōʻino loa ia i ka poʻe ma Mongolia. ʻO ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma Eastern Siberia e pili pū ana me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai mineral ma kēia ʻāina. E hōʻeha nā holoholona Kina i ka ulu ulu ʻana o ka nui o ka lehulehu, e kau ana i nā alanui a ma nā wahi mamao, ka mea e ala i nā noho hou.
Ua pālahalaha nā hipa hipa
He mea maʻamau nā hipa o ka mauna ma nā puʻu a me nā mauna o Central a me Central Asia, kahi e piʻi ai lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe mai 1000 a 6000 mika ma luna o ke kai. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma Himalaya, ma nā Pamirs a ma Tibet, ma Altai a me Mongolia. Ma mua, ua ʻoi aku ka nui a komo i ke komohana a me ka hikina o Siberia, a me ke komohana hema o Yakutia.
Kūlike nā noho ʻokoʻa no nā subspecies ʻē aʻe:
- Nā ʻsplelo mauʻu Ozona ʻAmona e noho ana i ka Gobi a me Mongolia Altai, ma ka hikina o Kazakhstan, ma ke komohana o Altai, hema ma Tuva a me ʻĀsia.
- Kūpaha nui nā subspecies Ovis ammon collium ma Kazakhstan a me Altai,
- i nā subspecies Ovis ammon hodgsonii - he kamaʻilio ma Tibet, ʻo ka Himalaya, Nepal, India,
- nā subspecies Ovis ammon karelini i nānā ʻia ma Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan a me Kina,
- subspecies Ovis ammon rolii noho i Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Afghanistan,
- ʻOi aku ka hapaʻuhane o Ovis ammon jubata i Tibet,
- nā subspecies Ovis ammon severtzóvi i loaʻa ma ke komohana o Kazakhstan me Uzbekistan.
Makemake nā hipa hipa i nā wahi ākea, nā kuahiwi wāwae wāwae a me nā wahi pali holoka, nā ʻōpala alpine grassy i ulu nui ʻia me nā lau lāʻau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o nā subspecies ka manawa neʻe o ka neʻe ʻana i ka manawa. I ke kauwela, hele nā hipa hipa i ka ʻāpana alpha, waiwai i nā lau palala, a ma ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo lākou i ka nahelehele hau-hau.
4 Ke ola
He nohona noho ʻole nā holoholona hihiu, akā mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa ke koi ʻia lākou e hele. I ka hoʻoilo, piʻi lākou i lalo o ka mauna, i ke kauwela ke piʻi lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe. No ka manawa kauwela ua hōʻuluʻulu lākou i nā holoholona o nā holoholona 10-30.Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, hōʻuluʻulu lākou i nā ʻohana he nui, i kekahi manawa e hōʻea i kahi 1 tausani mau ʻāpana. ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻokoʻa mai nā kao, kahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai nā ʻili like. ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka males e noho hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai nā wahine me nā cubs. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hipa ʻokoʻa nui.
ʻOi aku ka ʻohana o ia mau ʻohana like. Noho nā lālā a pau, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻike nui aku i nā hoalauna. Akā ke kū nei ka makaʻala. ʻO nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi o ka hopohopo i loko o kahi mea e hōʻailona nei a me ka hoʻoweliweli i ka pipi āpau. ʻO ka maʻamau no nā hipa e hoʻokuʻi i ka pipi, haʻahaʻa ma ke leo a me ka ʻōhū ma mua o ka hipa. Inā i manaʻo ʻia nā mea hana hope, a laila ua maalea nā hipa o ke kuahiwi. Ma kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, haʻalele lākou i nā ala i hiki ʻole i kahi ʻenemi hiki ke loaʻa. ʻAʻole ma nā pali ʻaʻole piʻi lākou e like me nā kao, akā ʻaʻole lākou e lawelawe i ka hiki. Hiki i ke kahaki nui e lele ai i hoʻokahi mamao mika mau kiʻekiʻe a he 33.5 m ka lōʻihi ma kahi pālahalaha.
Kui hua holoholona nā holoholona. ʻAʻole pili nā ʻano o nā ʻano holoholona, hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke lākou i nā nohona ola a ʻaʻohe mea pono ʻole e hānai. Inā loaʻa ka koho, makemake lākou:
- huluhua, makahi, mint, huluhulu manu,
- laikini moss
- nā huaʻala a me nā lau
- nā pua o nā mea ʻala a me nā kumulāʻau (oak, hornbeam, maple, pistachios).
Hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau lāʻau, ka lālā rosehip, a me nā maloʻo maloʻo ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo. Ma kēlā me kēia lā e hele ai lākou i kahi lua wai, pinepine ma kahi wao. Mai noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻana i ka paʻakai pōhaku, ka ʻae iā ia me nā limu paʻakai. E koho i nā kahu ʻai me nā loko ʻauʻau kokoke. I ka hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili i ka momona subcutaneous. ʻO ka hipa home i hānai i ka mauʻu i hui ʻia me ka mauʻu. Eia kekahi, ua hānai ʻia me ka oats a i ʻole bale honua.
Nā ʻōpū maʻamau o nā hipa mauna
ʻO nā ʻano o ka hipa hipa i mau ʻāpana e hōʻike nei, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā noho a me nā nui.
- Lohiolaola Anatolian (Ovis ammon anatolisa),
- Bukhara mauna hipa (Ovis Ammon Bosharensis),
- ʻO Kazakhstan Argali (Ovis Ammon Collium),
- Gansu argali (Ovis ammon dalailamae),
- Hipa hipa Tibetan (Ovis ammon hodgsonii),
- Kahuhulu mauna Kiwa (ʻĀina ʻO James Jubata),
- Kanu hipa Tien Shan (Ovis ammon karelini),
- ʻO Argali Kozlova (Ovis Ammon Kozlovi),
- ʻO Karatau nā hipa kuahiwi (Ovis Ammon nigrimontana),
- ʻO nā hipa mauna Cypriot (Ovis Ammon Orhion),
- mauna manu Marco Polo (Ovis ammon rolii),
- ʻO Kyzylkum hipa hipa (Оvis аmmоn sevеrtzоvi),
- Lōmani Urmian (Ovis Ammon Urmiana).
Ala o ke ola
I ka manawa mahana, e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā holoholona ma nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi (30 mau holoholona i kēlā), nā wahine me nā cubs i noho kaʻawale. Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hoʻoilo, ua hui nā bovids i nā pua a hiki i ka 1 mau poʻo. Ke kiaʻi mau nei nā holoholona i ko lākou palekana. I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hoʻoweliweli, hoʻokomo kekahi lālā i kēlā me kahi mea e hoʻāla ai kahi ʻano o ke kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole waiho nā holoholona i ko lākou lūlū, akā hele i waena o nā loko a me nā wahi i waena o nā kuahiwi, e piʻi ana ma laila i ke kauwela, a iho i lalo i nā puʻu i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka wīwī holoholona hihiu ke kūlohelohe ʻole i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka papaʻai ka ʻāpana like:
- Kūkulu: bluegrass, lehu hōkele, mauʻu palaoa, disyven sedge, etc.
- Kālau ʻōpio nā kumulāʻau, nā lāʻau lāʻau.
- ʻO nā huaʻaka, nā ʻeke. Eia kekahi, nā pūpū me nā ulia e noho ana i loko o lākou, e hoʻolako i ke kino me nā protein.
- ʻO ka lāʻau make make i hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo, nā mea kanu, mosses, lichens.
Kahi ʻano ʻano geckosWhere mau ola ʻo nā loina Alabaev Farua nā neʻe e hele nei i ke kikowaena pāʻoihana ʻo Noa ma Moscow.
Ke hele nei ka hipa hipa i ka hana hoʻohua i ka wā o 2-3. E hoʻomaka ana ka heihei i ka hopena o ke kauwela, a ma nā ʻāpana o ke kūkulu ʻākau - kokoke loa i ka hopena o ka oi. No ka kuleana e uhi i ka wahine, hoʻoili nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne. ʻAʻohe o nā ʻohana ʻohana i ka ʻohana: haʻalele ka mea hana ma nā hipa ma hope o ka hoʻomakeʻa, a hele aku ʻo ia e ʻimi me kahi hoa ʻē aʻe. He hipa hipa ʻehā a ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lākou nā hipa no 5 mau mahina. Aia ka hānau i kahi wahi neoneo i kahi e noho ai ka makuahine me ka hua 3-4 lā ma mua o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka hipa.E hānai nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka waiū no 3-4 mau mahina, ʻoiai ua ʻai lākou i nā mea kanu mai ka mahina hoʻokahi. Ke kūʻokoʻa nā keiki hipa ke hoʻohuli lākou i ʻeono mahina.
ʻO ka noho hipa hipa
Ke alakaʻi nei nā hipa hipa i kahi ʻano maʻamau. I ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela, hana lākou i nā neʻe holo. I ke kauwela, hoʻohālikelike nā holoholona i nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi a hiki i ke kanakolu kanaka, a no ka hoʻoilo i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia kēia mau hui a hoʻohui ʻia i hoʻokahi mau haneli.
ʻO kahi ʻohana hipa hipa, wahine ia me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, a i ʻole nā pūʻulu bachelor. Pāwaho pinepine nā kāne ʻokoʻa i nā kānaka a pau. Pale mau ka hipa a me ka leʻa i loko o ka pipi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou i wikiwiki i ke kōkua ʻana i kekahi, akā inā hoʻopuka kahi hipa hoʻokahi i kahi alapine, a laila hoʻoliuli ka hui holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hōʻailona o ka pōpilikia i ka pākeke ke kahalaha nei, i nā ʻōpio - ka pehu.
He holoholona mālama manuahi wikiwiki a mau holoholona hipa hoʻi, hiki i ka mālama pinepine ʻana i ke kaiapuni. Ma ka hihia o ka pōʻino, uhi koke ʻo ia i nā wahi paʻakikī e hiki aku i nā poʻe wīwī. I ka hiki ke piʻi i nā pōhaku, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi hipa kuahiwi ma kahi kao kuahiwi. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lele a hiki i 2 mika, ʻo ka lōʻihi he 5 mika.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hipa hipa i ke kakahiaka, hoʻomaha i ka lā, graze i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi.
Loaʻa ka ola ola o kēia ʻano i ka mau makahiki he 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o kahi hipa hipa
ʻO nā ʻīlio nui a nā ʻenemi maoli o kahi hipa hipa. Hoʻopilikia kēia mau kānaka i ka lehulehu o ka artiodactyls he nui loa ka pōʻino, ma muli o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā hipa o nā kuahiwi ma nā ʻaoʻao ākea a ākea, ʻike ʻia.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe e like me nā leopona leona, nā leopards, nā coyotes, cheetahs, nā aeto a me nā ʻōlima gula e hoʻopilikia kino i nā helu paio. No laila, kiʻi nui ʻia kēia mau holoholona e nā kānaka. ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kēia ʻano pili me ka hana ʻana o ka ʻiʻo, ʻili a me nā pepeiaʻi momona.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā hipa hipa
- ʻO nā hipa hipa ka mea nui o nā holoholona hihiu. E hoʻi ka inoa o nā inoa Latin "Amoni" i ka inoa o ke akua ʻAmona. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ma muli o ka makaʻu nui iā Typhon, ua huli ka celestials i nā holoholona like ʻole, a ua lilo ʻo Amon i hipa kāne. Wahi a ka moʻolelo kahiko, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia akua ma ke ʻano he kanaka nui me nā pepeiaohao nui a curlish.
- ʻO ia no nā pepeiaʻi a ka poʻe e ʻimi ai i nā hipa kāne mai ka wā kahiko. Ma mua iho, ma nā lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna o Saina, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā ʻano mea like ʻole mai lākou. I kēia manawa ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā pepeiaohao o kēia ʻano he ʻumi mau tausani kālā.
- Puhi pinepine ka poʻe hipa mai nā wahi hānai holoholona e nā holoholona, ma hope a kūpono ʻole nā kīhāpai no ka hānai ʻana i kēia mau holoholona hihiu. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lehulehu i ka loli ʻana i ke anuanu, ʻino loa a me ke anuanu. Akā i ka laulā, hiki i ka moku'āina o ka nui o nā holoholona he paʻakikī ke kāohi no ka mea o ko lākou ola kuahiwi.
- Kuhi ʻia nā hipa hipa i ka Red Book o Lūkia, ʻaʻole i ʻānai ʻia no lākou. He mea maʻalahi kēia mau holoholona i ka hoʻoili ʻana, ma ke pio ʻana a mālama ʻia lākou i nā pora ākea me nā pā kiʻekiʻe a ikaika, a i loko o nā lumi me nā kīʻaha inu a me nā mea hānaiʻai. E hoʻihoʻi nui i ka nui o nā holoholona hihiu, ua kau ʻia ma nā zoos a me nā pāna.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻO nā hipa hipa
I Latin, ʻO Ovis ammon kahi mammal i kālai ʻia kahi wahi o ka ʻohana bovine. ʻO ka inoa "argali" he huaʻōlelo Polenekia e kuhikuhi ana "hipa hipa." ʻO ka inoa Latin no ka ʻōpū ammon ka inoa o ke akua Amon. E like me ka moʻolelo o Ovid, nā celestials o Olympus, ma waho o ka makaʻu iā Typhon, ua kuhi hou ʻia i nā holoholona like ʻole. Ua lawe ʻo ʻAmona i ke ʻano o ka hipa kāne.
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia he 9 mau subspecies:
- Lulu ʻihi kai Altai,
- Kasakana,
- Kipeka,
- Tien Shan,
- Pamir,
- ʻEmobi
- Karatau,
- Kahiki Kaina,
- ʻO nā hipa kuahiwi ʻo Kyzylkum.
Ua hōʻike kekahi poʻe loea i ka mouflon e like me ʻOvis Ammon Musimon, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoia kēia hōʻoia ʻana i ka DNA. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka nui o nā subspecies o nā hipa mauna i ka DNA, ma kahi o nā kikowaena hou i loaʻa.I hoʻokahi mau makahiki ʻelua mau makahiki i hala, ua hōʻole ka nui o nā subspecies o nā mauna mauna.
ʻAuhea ke kuahiwi kuahiwi?
Kiʻi: ʻO nā hipa hipa i Lūkia
Noho ʻo Arkhars i nā wahi like i ka wā holoʻokoʻa. Ua loaʻa ʻia nā mea ma nā puʻu a me nā wahi pali ma mua o 1000 m. I ke kauwela, ke loaʻa ka ʻai, ʻai kokoke nā holoholona i nā pihi o nā mauna.
Loaʻa ka hipa hipa i kēlā mau ʻāina:
- Monokolia. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ma nā lālā o Mongolia hikina, i nā wahi me ka ʻāina puʻu, nā mauna, nā kihi hūnā a me nā pālani,
- Usepekikana Kūkulu ʻia ka mea like ʻole ma luna o kahi ākea ākea o ka ʻāina. I kēia lā, ua palena nā holoholona o nā mea ola e pili ana i nā mauna Nuratau, kahi mālama ʻākau ma Samarkand. Ke kū nei kekahi heluna liʻiliʻi ma ke komohana o nā kuahiwi ʻo Aktau me Tamdytau,
- Takisitana. Aia kēia ʻohana hipa ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, mai ka palena me Xinjiang, Kina i ke komohana, a hiki i Langar i ka hema a me Sarez Lake i ka ʻākau,
- Lukia. Ua loaʻa mua ʻo Arkhars ma mua o nā kahawai Trans-Baikal, Kurai, South Chuy, a ma kēia ʻaoʻao aku ma ke kahawai Ukok. ʻO kēia manawa wale nō, ua hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia lākou i nā republics o Tuva lāua ʻo Altai,
- Pakitana. Noho wale nō lākou ma ka māka hānele Hunjerab a me nā mea e hoʻopiʻi ai, ʻo ia hoʻi me kā Passerab a me Mintaka pae,
- Nepala. Noho lākou i ka rohe ʻo Damodar-Kund, ka palena o Tibet. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ke kālā Dolpo,
- Kaikikana E hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻāina i ke kuhikuhi o ka palena me Kina, mai Kazakhstan ma ka ʻākau a hiki i Tajikistan ma ka hema, a me nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Tien Shan ma ke ala o ka palena ʻo Uzbek,
- Kasakana. ʻIke ʻia ma ka ʻākau o Lake Balkash, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau-hikina o ka ʻāina. Aia nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā mauna Kara-Tau,
- Inia. Aia lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Ladakh, ma kahi kokoke i Spiti, a kaawale hoʻi ma Sikika, ʻākau i pili iā Tibet,
- Kina. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā mauna ʻo Xinjiang, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Altai Shan, Arjin Shan, Kara-Kunlun Shan, Tien Shan, Pamir a me nā wahi e pili ana,
- Apekanikana. Loaʻa ʻia ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Pam Pamaku Nui, kahi mahele nui o nā Puku ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi i ke awāwa ʻo Wahjir.
Ua ākea ka helehelena o Asia Hikina a ākea nui. Ua luhi ʻia nā mauna e ka lepo, a ua mālama ʻia nā puʻu nui i hāʻawi ʻia, e ʻike ana i nā ʻano ākea he nui no nā holoholona.
ʻĀnō e ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai nā hipa mauna. E ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai ka hakakā.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai kahi hipa kuahiwi?
Kiʻi ʻākau: Wild Mountain Ram
ʻO Argali nā mea kanu a hoʻoulu i ka mea kanu, nā mea kanu a me ka hoʻowalewale. ʻAi nā wahine a me nā hipa i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai. Noho lākou i nā wahi ʻole o nā lāʻau, akā me ka ʻai nui. Hāʻawi kēia mau wahi ʻai i ka pale i nā poʻe hōʻino. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne pākeke, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine a me nā ʻōpio, ka ʻai ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa me ka meaʻai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe, a noho nā wahine wahine i kahi o nā wahi kiʻekiʻe ʻole i loaʻa kahi kīʻaha.
Ua hoʻololi ka hipa hipa i ke ola i loko o ke kahe, ka makani a me ka nui o ko lākou home kiʻekiʻe. E ʻai nā pākeke makua i ka 16-19 kg o ka meaʻai i ka lā. ʻO nā mea kanu i makemake ʻia e ka nānā ʻana e like me ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka wahi. I nā wahi i hoʻokiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ulu lākou i ka ʻai me ka mauʻu. I nā hale hoʻonaʻauao haʻahaʻa, ʻai nui lākou i nā lāʻau mesophyte a me nā mea kanu. Ma nā pāpū haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻūhā o nā wao nahele, lanakila hou ka mauʻu a me ka ulu lāʻau, akā i nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe.
Ma Kazakhstan, nā pua, nā lau, nā huaʻai, nā pua he mea nui no kaʻai ʻana i nā hipa hipa i ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ʻo ia ma ke koena o ka pā, ua lilo lākou i mea kīnā meaʻai maʻamau. Pono ʻo Arkhar i ka wai, ʻaʻole ia he pilikia no ka hipa e noho ana i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe pinepine ʻia ai ka hau a he mau wai wai liʻiliʻi. I nā ʻāina ikaika, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i nā wahi lōʻihi i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka wai.ʻAe ʻoluʻolu nā hipa hipa i nā ʻāina paʻakai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi: ʻAmelika Mountain Ram
ʻO Arkhar nā holoholona kahu hipa a loaʻa pinepine lākou ma nā pūʻulu o 2 a 100 holoholona. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pipi ma o ka pili ʻana, me ke ʻano ʻole o ka wā hoʻoulu. Hōʻike ka hapanui o ka lehulehu i ka nui o nā pākeke o nā pāʻelemakule, nona ka hapa o ka hapalua o ka heluna, a he 20% wale nō nā kāne pālua a he 20% hoʻi o ka hakakā ʻōpiopio.
Pahu wale kekahi poʻe hipa hipa, akā loaʻa ka hapanui ma nā kau liʻiliʻi. Ke noho nei nā wahine me nā keiki ma nā pūʻulu he nui, maʻa pinepine a hiki i 92 mau kanaka, me ka ʻole o nā kau a hiki i nā holoholona 200.
Ka mea hoihoi: He mālie kēia, ʻaʻole huhū i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a me nā holoholona piliwi. E hahai nā lālā o ka ʻohana kekahi i kekahi, a e ʻimi pinepine e launa me nā hipa.
Hoʻopau nā holoholona i kekahi manawa, akā ʻo nā kāne. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hele ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻohaʻina ʻana o nā manawa i nā kumu meaʻai, ʻoiai ka nui o nā mea hoʻopiʻi o nā mea make, nā lā maikaʻi loa a i ke ahi paha, ka ʻoni ʻana, a me nā holoholona he nui kekahi o nā holoholona.
ʻO nā hipa hipa, e like me ke kānāwai, kū i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ke kauwela. ʻO nā laho he hiʻohiʻona kaulana i nā kāne. I ka wā o ka rut, hoʻopuʻi nā kāne me ke poʻo o kēlā me kēia, akā loaʻa pinepine iā lākou nā hōʻeha nui. ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau hakakā e hoʻokūʻē iā lākou i ka poʻomanaʻo weliweli!
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Hoʻi: Kahuhipa o nā hipa hipa
Hiki i ka holo wikiwiki ke kahakaha mai ʻOkakopa a hiki i ka waena o Ianuali, ma mua o ka lōʻihi o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Polygamous pili. He hihia koʻikoʻi ke kaua o nā kāne male. Ua hiolo nā hipa hipa kekahi i kekahi me nā pū, a aia ko lākou mau wāwae mua i ka lewa, e hoʻopio ana i ka ikaika e hiki ke lohe ʻia a hiki ke lohe ʻia ma kahi o ka lōʻihi a hiki i 800 m.
Mea ʻoi aku: ʻoi aku ka wahine i ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka wā ʻelima mau makahiki, a ʻo nā kāne ma 5. ʻO kēia ʻano ka manaʻo, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO ke kāne pākani (ma mua aʻe o ʻeono makahiki), ʻo ka mea nui loa i loko o ka ʻohana, lilo i luna, a alualu ʻia nā kāne ʻōpio no ka manawa o ka estrus wahine. Ke hoʻokū ʻia ana ka mana nui, hoʻokokoke ke kāne i ka wahine a kū loa iā ia. Hoʻomaka ʻo Mating ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka rut. Hiki i nā meles ke noho pū i ka hui o nā wahine no ʻelua mau mahina ma hope o ka hopena o ka manawa honu.
Noho mau ka gestation ma kahi o 165 mau lā. Loaʻa ka hānau keiki ʻana i ka hopena o Malaki a ʻApelila. Hānau ka hapa nui o nā subspecies i hoʻokahi keiki hipa, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻōpio he ʻano maʻamau ʻole no kekahi mau ʻano, a ʻo nā hihia o ka hānau like like ʻana o nā ʻelima mau kūmole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. I ka hānau hānau, kaupaona nā keiki hipa 2.7-4.6 kg. Holo nā keiki pēpē a me nā hipa makuahine no kekahi manawa kahi i hānau ai ka hānau, a ma ke lā aʻe ke hele wāwae lāua.
Loaʻa ka nui o ka paona, a ma ka hānau mua, kau paona nā keiki hipa i 10 mau manawa ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Hiki i nā wahine ke ʻoi aku i ka nui o ka nui o lākou i ʻelua mau makahiki, akā e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o nā kāne i ʻelua mau makahiki ʻelua. Hoʻokumu nā niho wai i ka makahiki he ʻekolu mau mahina, me kahi koina niho piha i nā keiki e ʻeono. I kēlā manawa, e hoʻomaka ana nā keiki hipa i ka hānai, akā hoʻomau ka hānai makuahine i ka waiū. Noho ka hapanui o nā hipa mauna mai ʻelima a 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā hipa mauna
Whakaahua: Mountain ram, a i ʻole hoʻopaʻapaʻa
ʻO ka hoʻolālā palekana hipa hipa he nui. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne pākeke a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā wahine a ʻaʻole manaʻo o ka pono kūikawā e pale ai i nā poʻe ʻōpiopio. No laila, koho lākou i kahi noho haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā poʻe wahine a me nā hipa ʻōpio i koho ai. Hoʻolālā pinepine ʻole lākou i ko lākou pepeiaohao e pale iā lākou iho i nā mea wānana. ʻO ka hana nui ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hakakā ʻana me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā mea hōʻalo he holo wikiwiki. E makaʻu ana, he hipa lone hiki ke neʻe mau a hiki i ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli.Heʻokoʻa ʻē loa kēia mai ka ʻano o kēia poʻe hipa i ka hipa inā hoʻowalewale lākou e lele a lele.
No ka nui o ko lākou lehulehu, lele nā wīwī hipa a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lele no ka pakele, ʻoiai ʻo nā wahine liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana ikaika i kēia ʻano. Ke kōkua nei ka wāwae lōʻihi i nā hipa kuahiwi e neʻe aku ai i nā ʻano o nā ʻāina āpau. Noho lākou ma nā wahi hiki ʻole i nā mea wānana, no ka laʻana, kiʻekiʻe i nā puʻu a i nā pihi piʻi me nā papa ʻike maikaʻi.
Holo i nā hipa hipa ʻekahi:
ʻO nā hipa mauna liʻiliʻi e lilo i waiwai no nā coyotes a me nā manu nui e like me nā aeto a me nā aeto gula. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻimi ʻia nā hipa mauna e nā poʻe e hoʻohana ikaika i nā kiʻi artiodactyls no ka loaʻaʻana o nā pu, momona, a me ka ʻili. I waena o nā holoholona, lawe nā ʻīlio i kahi mua i ka hānai i nā hipa kuahiwi, e hoʻohana maʻamau i nā kūlana hoʻoilo paʻakikī (no ka laʻana, ʻeleʻele hohonu) e hopu i nā hipa kuahiwi. E pale i ka wānana, holo pū nā holoholona ma ka hui pū a noho i ka pūʻulu.
Ke noho maʻamau
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōhua ʻelua i nā kuʻuna o ka hipa mauna o Altai. ʻO nā wahine mua ka wahine a me nā ʻōpio, ʻo ka lua ke kāne. I ka wā hoʻomaha, e holo ana mai Ianuali a Pepeluali, hoʻokūkū nā kāne i waena o lākou iho, e hōʻā ana i ka ʻenemi me nā pū i nā ʻaoʻao a me ka umauma.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe he mau leopaliona a me nā ʻīlio hihiu.
Ka pae o nā kānaka a me nā kūlana
Kuhi: He aha nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi hipa kuahiwi?
Ua emi ka nui o nā kānaka a me nā kikoʻī o nā ʻano. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o nā kao mauna e hoʻoweliweli i ka nui o nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia iā lākou, e like me nā leki salju, kahi hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka paʻa o ka lehulehu o kēia poʻe hipa.
Nā poʻe kao kuahiwi e ka ʻāina:
- Apekanikana. 624 hipa hipa (87% o ia mau mea i loaʻa i ka Pamili Maikaʻi. ʻO ka huina o kēia helu he helu ia ma kahi o 1 000. 120-210 i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā kūloko komohana ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Nui Pamir,
- Kina. Wahi a kekahi mau loea, ʻo ka huina o ka paio ma Kina mai 23,285 a i 31,920. ʻOiai ua noi ʻia nā mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe he nui liʻiliʻi. Pili nā helu kiko āpau i nā koho kaupaona, ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke hoʻopiʻi i ka pololei.
- Inia. ʻAʻole ʻeha loa nā hipa hipa i Sikkim a neʻe wale i ka manawa ma kahi o Spiti. He 127 ka poʻe i noho i kahi e mālama ai, a ma mua aʻe o ka 200 argali ma Ladakh,
- Kasakana. E manao ia ana mai 8,000 a 10,000 i ka aoao akau-hikina o ka aina, 250 ma na mauna Kara-Tau, a he helu i ike ole ia ma Tien Shan,
- Kaikikana. Aia ka 565 o ka poʻe ma kahi o ke komohana o ka pihi a me 6,000 hipa hipa ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau-hikina o Kyrgyzstan. Ua manaʻo kā nā noiʻi aupuni i ka lehulehu e like me 15,900
- Monokolia. Wahi a kahi noiʻi e hana ʻia ana e ka Academy of Science i ka 2001, ma kahi o 10,000 - 12,000 mau hipa hipa i noho ma ka wahi o Gobi ma Mongolia a me 3,000 - 5,000 ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina,
- Nepala. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka lehulehu, ʻaʻohe kikoʻī pololei hoʻi.
- Pakitana. ʻAʻole maopopo ka helu o nā holoholona ma kēia ʻāina, akā aia paha ma kahi o 100 mau kanaka,
- Lukia. Ma nā mauna ʻo Altai ma Rūhia ma ka hema, aia he 450-700 mau holoholona i hoʻohele ʻia ma luna o nā subpopulika he nui, ʻaʻole kekahi o lākou i oi aku i ka holoholona he 50. Aia nō kekahi ma nā ʻohana mauna 80-85 i loko o ka Altai Reserve, 150-160 i luna aʻe o nā kahawai o ka muliwai ʻo Sailugem, a he 40-45 mau kānaka ma nā kahawai o ka Chikhachev Ridge ma Tuva Republic,
- Takisitana. Wahi a nā koho, ʻo ka huina o Tajikistan he 13,000-14,000. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo ka nui o nā mea i kēlā me kēia 1 km² ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa e kokoke ana i ka palena me Kina.
- Usepekikana Ma kahi o 1800 mau mea i mālama ʻia, kahi o 90% i loaʻa ma ka pali o Karatau.
Altai hipa: wehewehe
I ka mōʻaukala, he nui nā inoa o ka hipa ʻohana Altai. Ua kapa ʻia nā hipa Altai ʻelua, a me nā hakakā, a me Altai argali. Ma waena o nā inoa a pau o kēia holoholona hanohano, aia kekahi "hipa ʻo Tien Shan."
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E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo nā hipa o Altai ka hipa nui loa. Hiki i ka uluʻana i kahi pākeke ke hiki i 125 kenimika, a me ka lōʻihi o ʻelua mau mika. He mau lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika kēia me nā pū pepeiao. He poʻa lākou ma ka hipa Altai, ākea loa a hoʻopuni ʻia no laila, e neʻe aku nā ʻaoʻao i mua. I ka lā like, nā ʻāpana nui o ka pu i ka piko waha e kū ana i hope o ka holoholona.
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Hoʻokani ka pepeiao i ka mea nui i ke kuleana o kahi hipa. Me ke kōkua o lākou, ʻaʻole ka holoholona e pale wale iā ia iho i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, akā komo pū nō hoʻi i nā kaua ākea i ka wā ulu.
E like me nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻohana ram, ʻo ka mea ʻānai ʻia ka Altai mauna kahi ʻano holoholona. ʻO ke kumu o kāna meaʻai he ʻano huaʻai, palau, nā pipi a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. I ka hoʻoilo, me ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai kūpono, lawe nā holoholona i ke kāʻule ʻana. Ma keʻano kūikawā, ua iho lākou mai nā mauna a kāʻili i nā pā. No ka loaʻa o ka ʻai kūpono, hiki i nā hipa mauna o Altai ke hele i kahi mamao o 50 mau kilomita.
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Hoʻaiho
I kēia lā, aia ʻekolu mau kiʻi ma ka honua i hiki ke ʻike i ke kao kuahiwi ʻo Altai:
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- Ma ka ʻāina o Chulshman.
- Ma ka ʻāpana o ka puʻu ʻo Saylyugem,
- Ma ka ʻāpana ma waena o Mongolia a me Kina.
Hele ʻo ia me ka haʻi ʻole ʻana i nā wahi i noho ai nā hipa e mālama pono ʻia ana a he wahi mālama ia.
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ʻO kahi wahi punahele no nā kao kuahiwi nā kiʻekiʻe. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā mea kanu nui - nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi mai nā subspecies o nā mea ʻōpiopio e lawa iā lākou.
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I ke kauwela wela, hiki i nā hipa mauna ke ʻai ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa, akā no ka hoʻōla ʻana, ʻo ke kūlike ka hihia ma ia - ke hoʻopi hou nei lākou i ka wai o kā lākou kino i loko o ko lākou kino i kēlā me kēia lā ʻekolu.
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ʻO ka mālama hipa hipa
Kiʻi: ʻO nā hipa hipa mai ka Puke ʻaha
Ka pilikia o Arkhar i ko lākou āpau, ma muli o ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana ma muli o ka hana nui ʻana a me ka hopu. E like me ka hipa kāne nui loa o ka honua, he pōpoki ʻokoʻa i waena o ka poʻe ʻimi. Ua puhi ʻia lākou no ka mea ʻai, nā pepeiaohao e hoʻohana ʻia ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, a me nā ʻili. Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Poaching i kahi pilikia nui (a paʻakikī no ka hoʻokele). Ua luku ʻia nā hipa hipa ma ka ʻākau-hema o Kina, hema Siberia, a me nā ʻāpana o Mongolia.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: Pūhū ʻia nā hipa hipa i nā wahi a pau e nā hui kaiapuni a aia i loko o ka International Red Book he mau mea pīpī. Kau ʻia i loko o ka Red Book o Rūsia.
Nā hipa hipa komo pū i loko o CITES Appendix II, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā subspecies O. a. nigrimontana ame O. a. hodgsonii, i waiho pū ʻia ma Appendix I. No ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻano ʻano, hana ʻia nā mālama kūlohelohe kahi i pāpā ʻia ai ka lawaiʻa. Hiki i ka hipa hipa ke hoʻokuʻi maikaʻi a hoʻopuka hua. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i nā maʻi mai ka holoholona he mea koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka nui o ka lehulehu. ʻAʻole i like ʻole kēia mau ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli i waena o nā hui like ʻole, inā ʻokoʻa ka kahi o nā hale.
2 Nā ʻano ʻokoʻa
I ka ʻepekema kaiāulu, ʻaʻohe mamao no ka paio pili ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ʻano. Hoʻolālā kekahi kekahi i ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā holoholona e like me ke ʻano morphological, ʻo kekahi - e like me ke ʻano genetic. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike nā 7 mau ʻano nui, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka hōʻike i ka papa.
ʻIke inoa | ʻO keʻano a me keʻano | Kiʻi kiʻi |
ʻĀlau mele | Ke hoʻolako nei kekahi holoholona a hiki i 50 kg a ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 120-1125 cm. Hoʻololi ke kala i kēlā me kēia manawa: i ke kauwela he brown-ʻulaʻula ia, i ka hoʻoilo he uala ia me ka brown. Ke keʻokeʻo mau ka ʻōpū. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hipa i nā pū i hoʻomohala hou ʻia me ka lōʻihi o 60-65 cm. Ma ke anawaena, he ʻano kekeʻe lākou. ʻO ka wahine aneane ʻaʻole pau nā pū. Noho ma nā puʻu o Corsica a me Sardinia, a me ʻEulopa hema | |
Mouflon Asia | Loaʻa lākou i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 150 cm a he kaupaona ma kahi o 80 kg. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka hipa kāne ma ka maloʻo ka 90–92 cm.Ikahi na pepeiaohao, hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi ʻāpana, me kahi kumu mānoanoa. I nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka mauʻu o nā pepeiao, ʻoloka a ʻaʻole i kuli. ʻO kaʻulaʻula huluhulu, me kahi keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula gula paha. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kahi pale polūʻeleʻele.He kolo ʻeleʻele ka hapa kāhea o nā subspecies a i ʻoka kuhina me nā lauoho ʻānai. ʻO ka māhele kūlohelohe maʻamau ʻo Transcaucasia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, pololei a hiki i ke kai Mediterranean a me India | |
Cypriot Mouflon | ʻO kekahi subspecies o mouflon, aia ma ka palena o ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ma 2016, ʻo ka helu ka 3 tausani kanaka. Noho ma Kauka | |
Ural | Loaʻa ma Asia Asia a me nā kiʻekiʻe o Kashmir. Hoʻohui pinepine me nā mouflons Asia. Hoʻopili nui ke kapa. ʻO nā kāne kāne, ʻeleʻele ka hā umauma a me ka ʻāʻī ʻīlio. Nui nā hipa ka lōʻihi: lōʻihi - 145-150 cm a me ka ulu o ka mika. Loaʻa kekahi mau momona i ka kiʻekiʻe a 90 kg. Kēlā holoholona nani me nā wāwae lōʻihi a ʻōwī. Horn ma ka ʻāpana 30-33 cm, lōʻihi 80–85 cm. Noho lākou ma Main Asia | |
ʻAuake | Ma waena o nā mākaʻu he mau naʻa nunui wale nō me ka lōʻihi o 2 mika a ke kiʻekiʻe o 1.2-1.4 m. ʻO ka hoʻākoakoa kaupaona ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana he 60-65 kg me ka lōʻihi o 1,3 m a me ka kiʻekiʻe o 0.9-1 m.kuhi loa ua nui nā ʻāpana, a hiki i ka 15% o ka huina. ʻO kā lākou lōʻihi i kekahi manawa 2 mau mika. ʻO kahi beahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a puni ke ʻāʻī. Ke hoʻololi ka kala manawaleʻa ʻulaʻula a hiki i ka hina hina. Hoʻokomo ka mea kokoke i nā ʻano 9 ʻehā o nā hipa mauna | |
ʻEhā hipa hipa | I ka kūlohelohe kūlohelohe i loaʻa i Siberia Eastern. E hoʻonālikelike ʻia ka lole e ke kala ʻeleʻele, me ka ʻilohi māmā ma ka ʻōpū a ma loko o nā wāwae. Hoʻohālike lākou iā ia me ke kino ikaika a me nā muscular. Kaumaha ke kane he 150 kg, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 1,9 m. ʻO ka nui o nā wahine ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i 70 kg. Noho ka Spimotka nui a Chimotka a me Kamchatka. Nā kuʻekuʻe - nā poʻo nui hapa nui, nā ʻiki pōkole a me ka mānoanoa, nā pepeiao pepeiao. ʻEhā nā wāwae, ikaika. Hōʻalo ʻia nā kui a hiki i ka 1 m lōʻihi i ke ʻano makahiki, me nā kahe i waho. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka wahine hānai o ke aniani a ua like hoʻi me kahi mai | |
Nā hipa hipa | Noho lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Nui lākou i ka nui, me ke poʻo compact a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi. ʻAno ʻike ʻole ka huelo. Hōʻuluʻī nā wāwae, ikaika, puʻupuʻu. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ka nunui o nā pepeiaohao o ke kaʻe o ke aniani a hiki i 1,2 m ka lōʻihi. A ʻo kēia ma kahi o 140 kg. Ua liʻiliʻi nā wahine, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 90 kg. ʻO nā pepeiaohao o nā mea hope, liʻiliʻi ia. ʻO ke anuanu ke anuanu, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā holoholona. ʻ brownnuʻala ka kala me ka brownish-brown inclusions a i ʻole. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū | |
Thin Sheep a i ʻole Dalla | ʻAʻole e like me kā lākou kuahiwi mauna, he mau ʻāpana ʻehā ʻehā nui kā lākou. Kūwele lākou i loko o kahi kikoʻī. ʻO ka paona o ka holoholona i hiki aku i ka 145 kg. Māhele ʻia i 2 subspecies: keokeo a me ka hina me nā wahi keʻokeʻo. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma Alaska a hiki i ke komohana ʻākau. | |
Altaic | ʻO ka mea nui o nā subspecies e loaʻa, e pili ana i ka argali. Noho ʻo Argali wale nō ma Altai lāua ʻo Tuva. Ma waho o Lūkia e ʻike ʻia lākou ma Mongolia. I kēia lā, 3 nā kānaka liʻiliʻi i pakele i ka palena o Kina, Mongolia a me ka pākana ʻo Saylyugem. He ʻoluʻolu kēia, a ua pālahalaha ʻia, a he 115-112 cm kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka nui o nā kāne he 200 kg, a ʻo nā wahine 110 kg. ʻO nā kāne ʻelemakule a hiki i 150 cm loa, me kahi aniani o 50-55 cm. He kapa hulu manu lākou, mai kahi momona a hiki i ka brown brown. He keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele a me ka huakaʻi |
ʻano huaʻai hipa
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kēlā mau holoholona he hua ʻai nui ma hope o ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona.
He kanaka koʻikoʻi nā kānaka e hōʻike ana i kēia kuhikuhi a hiki ke loaʻa koke ke kaumaha o ke kino. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā holoholona'ōpio o kekahi mau holoholona ʻai i nā malama ʻehā e hiki ke piʻi mai 40 a 60 kilograms. Hiki i ka hipa hipa ke piʻi a hiki i ka 150 kilograms, a me nā hipa o kēia kuhikuhi a hiki i 80 kilograms. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka holoholona o nā ʻano like ʻole he mea koʻikoʻi loa i ka ʻōlelo no ka ʻāina loiloi, a i nā kūlana o kā lākou mālama a ʻaʻole pono e mālama pono.ʻO ka hānai ʻai nui o ka hipa o ka hipa e loaʻa ana i ka lau māla ʻona i loaʻa ma nā ʻāina kāʻili, a i ka hoʻoilo - mai ka silage, ka mea kanu me ka hua aʻa. Ke hoʻōla nei i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pao hipa, hāʻawi ʻia nā hipa i nā ʻano o ka hānai.
ʻO nā hemahema o nā holoholona o kēia holoholona hoʻouluulu ka peni ka ʻike ʻana o kēia mau holoholona i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke anuanu, ma muli o ia, i ka wā hoʻoilo anuanu, pono lākou i nā lumi ʻuma a maloʻo no ka mālama. ʻO ka hana nui ka momona o ka hipa iʻa me ka ʻai me ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻano momona me ka aneane piha ʻole o ka momona momona.
I ko mākou'āina, ua loaʻa i nā mea i koe o nā mea i hana ʻia me nā holoholona i ulu a kaulana loa: ʻO Dorper, North Caucasus, Texel, Gorky, Tien Shan, Romney martsa.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i kahi ʻano like me ka dorper, ʻoiai inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona huahana maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole i maʻamau loa i ko mākou ʻāina. Manaʻo kēia mau mea i nā mea i kuhi ʻia nā holoholona dorper purebred a hele mai i Rūsia mai ʻEulopa, hoʻokahi haneli i kā lākou kumukūʻai nui, aia i loko o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mau tausani euro i kēlā me kēia kanaka pālua.
Mau ʻohana o ka hipa o ka holoholo wai
ʻAʻole pololei ka inoa ʻo "hipa hipa". ʻAʻole nui ka waiū hipa i loko o nā mea hoʻouluulu wai hoʻomalu. ʻO ka waiū hipa ka ʻala ʻohi e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana o ke kōhi. A ma nā ʻōlelo o nā hōʻailona kūpono, ʻo ka waiū o kēia mau holoholona ka nui o ka haʻahaʻa o ka bipi. No laila, ʻoi aku ka kūpono e kapa i kēia ʻano holoholona holoholona smushochno-dairy.
Ua kapa ʻia nā smoothies i ʻokiʻoki i nā keiki hipa mai nā keiki hou ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau lā ʻehā. Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka noi ʻana mai nā mea ʻokoʻa no kēia mau ʻili. Akā, ʻo ke hoʻokō i ka smushki e hāʻawi wale i kahi hapa o ka loaʻa kālā. ʻO ka mea ʻoiai ʻaʻole a ka litter, hoʻomau ka lōlani i ka lactate, kahi e hiki ai i ka mea nona ka loaʻa o ka loaʻa kālā ʻelua kālā (mai ke kūʻai aku i nā ʻeke hipa a mai ke kūʻai aku i ka waiū hipa).
Kuhi hipa o ka waiū-smushka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka huahana waiū kiʻekiʻe.
Karakul ʻano hipa
Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia makana ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau waiū. ʻO nā hemahema nui o kēia mau holoholona ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahi liʻiliʻi no kā lākou hoʻouluʻana ma muli o ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona o kēia holoholona hihiu e hiki ke hoʻomanawanui wale i ke ʻano wela me ka mahana.
hipa hipa hana ʻana i kēia kuhikuhi, no ka laʻana, ma nā wahi o ke kikowaena waena o ko mākou ʻāina e alakaʻi i kahi nui o kā lākou huahana.
ʻO nā holoholona ʻumi waiū-momona kaulana i loko o Lūkini e hōʻike ʻia nei e nā ʻohana like: Sokolsky, Karakul a me Reshetilovskaya.
ʻAuhea ke noho nei nā hipa i ke ʻano?
Noho wale nā holoholona hihiu ma nā'āina o ka hemisie ʻākau a noho i nā kai a me nā wahi mauna ʻo Greece a me Turkey, ʻĀpana ʻAmelika a me Sepania, Crimea a me Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Russia a me India. Noho kekahi mau hipa o nā hipa bighorn i nā wao nahele. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻē a Eurasian ma ka Caucasus, Pamir, Tien Shan a me Altai. Eia kekahi, he pālahalaha nā hipa mauna ma Kamchatka, Transbaikalia a me Siberia Eastern, a i nā mauna hoʻi o Tibet a me ka Himalaya. Ma ke ʻāina o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻo ka laulā maoli kūlohelohe o ke ʻano loea ka pili i kahi kaula liʻiliʻi o ka kahiki o ka Pākīpika, e kū ana mai Mexico a Alaska.
Noho like ka nui o nā holoholona home i ʻole nā ʻāina āpau, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā Antarctica a me nā ʻaluna nui me ka wai haʻahaʻa. I kēia lā, hoʻāla ʻia ka hipa a me nā hipa ma nā ʻāina āpau o ʻEulopa a me Asia, ma ʻAmelika, New Zealand a me Australia.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā holoholona e noho ana i nā nohona kūlohelohe i kekahi wahi a ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻalele. I ka makahiki, ʻo nā holoholona hihiu e hana ana i nā lele migratory manawa, e piʻi ana i nā peaks i nā mahina o ke kauwela a iho aku i loko o nā awāwa i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.ʻO kahi hipa hipa i ke kauwela ka huina o ka awelika o nā pahuhopu 30, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, hiki i kekahi mau kaiāulu ke hiki aku i ka 1 tausani mau pahuhopu. ʻO ka maʻamau, mālama ʻia ka hipa kāne wahine i ka wā ʻōpiopio o nā kāne i ʻuehuia i nā kāne. ʻO ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa o ka hana i kamaʻilioʻana o ka bipi he mea mau i ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana e pili ana. ʻO kahi ala i loaʻa mai i kahi lālā o nā ʻohana hipa ke alakaʻi i ke ʻano no ka kaiāulu āpau.
I nā hipa hipa, ʻaʻole e like me nā hoahānau kīwī, o ke ʻano he ʻano i hui ʻia, a ua ulu ikaika ʻia ka pipi manu, e koi ana i ke ʻano o ke kau i hoʻokahi o nā ʻohana ma kahi kokoke. Hoʻokahi wale ʻia kahi hipa i waiho wale ʻia.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka systematization o nā ʻano
ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu i helu ʻia he hipa kāne ʻole ka ʻūhā. Nui nā ʻano manu hipa i maʻamau kūlohelohe. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo kēlā mau pōhaku e like me Mouflon, Arkhar, Uri, a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia he mauna, no ka mea ke ola nui lākou ma nā kuahiwi a ua hana ʻia e hoʻoneʻe a puni nā pali. ʻO nā ʻano hipa ʻē aʻe o ke kaʻe, nā ʻēheu paʻa a ʻākui a me ka ʻēwili. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau ʻano e like me ke ʻano a me ka ʻano o nā pū, loaʻa pū me ke ʻano loiloi.
Hoʻolohe Ma muli o ka like o ka pana kīnā ʻole ʻia, hoʻomaka ka nui o nā hipa o ka mauna, i ka hapa nui o ka honua ua lawe ʻia kēia mau holoholona ma lalo o ka palekana, no ka mea i hoʻomaka ai kā lākou holoholona. Kuhi loa ʻia kēia i nā mālama kūlohelohe.
Nā ʻano hipa hipa
Kūlike ka ʻepekema zoologists i ka holoholona i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻAʻole paʻa ka papa kuhikuhi. Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻau e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka morphological pili, no ka laʻana, e like me ke ʻano o nā pu. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ka helu o nā chromosome a me ke ʻano kūikawā o DNA. Akā i kekahi hihia, nui nā manaʻo o ka mouflon he mea hoʻoili o nā hipa a pau.
Mouflon
He hipa kāne ʻo Mouflon me nā pepeiaohao puhi. No kēia ʻano ke kūloko ʻia nei nā ʻohana hipa. Aia kekahi mau kikoʻī nui:
- ʻEleʻelele ʻāpana. Hiki i kona kino ke piʻi aku i 125 cm, ke kaumaha 50 kg. Aia ke kala o ka huluhulu i nā kō. ʻUlaʻulaʻula - kala kala, ke kākele brown - hoʻoilo. Kūkulu ʻia nā pepeiaohao o nā kāne, hiki iā lākou ke lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi o 65 cm. I nā wahine, ke kū ʻole, e hele hewa nā pepeiao. Noho ka mouflon i ka'āina o ke kūkulu hema o ʻEulopa, a ma nā mauna ʻo Sardinia a me Corsica.
- Mouflon Asia. Hiki i ke kaumaha o kēia hipa ka 80 kg, ʻo kona lōʻihi he 1.5 m, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka lāʻau maloʻo a hiki i 90 cm. ʻO nā pepeiaʻi o ka hipa kuahiwi ʻAmelika he trihedron a me twist helically i ka hoʻohuli. Hiki i ke anawaena ke kumu a hiki i 29 cm. I nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pepeiao, ʻehā a ʻaʻole hoʻi i ʻōlohelohe. ʻAno ke kala i ke kala - ʻula, i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoiloʻeleʻele. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o kēia mouflon he laina pōuli e holo ana ma hope o ke kua a me kahi mane ʻonihi me ka lauoho māmā. Holo nui nā mouflon ma ke kūkulu hema o Turkmenistan a me Tajikistan, Transcaucasia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui iā ia i India, Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan.
- Cypriot mouflon. I ka hipa kenekulia ʻo ia hoʻi i ka makahiki 20. ʻO ka huluhulu koʻikoʻi no ia ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano o ka pau piha. Ua helu wale ia he 1200 kanaka ma ka makahiki 1997. Akā ma ka makahiki 2016, ua ulu ka heluna o ka nui i 3 mau holoholona. ʻO ka wahi noho o kēia mouflon ʻo Siprani.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe
- Ural. ʻO ka nui o kēia hipa kāne hihiu ma ka maloʻo ka hiki ke hiki i 1 m, a me 1,45 m ka lōʻihi, hiki ke kaupaona ke hōʻailona i ka 87 kg. ʻO nā ʻāpana kāne a hiki i ka 1 m ka lōʻihi, me kahi kumu o 30.5 cm. I ka hoʻoilo, ua uliuli ke kāwele, a nui ke koena o ka manawa. ʻO nāʻokoʻa nui mai ke koena o nā holoholona hihiu, ʻo ka ʻeleʻele o ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī i mua. He ʻeono subspecies o nā uri. Noho ka holoholona ma nā ʻāina e like me India a me Iran, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan a me Afghanistan.
- ʻO Argali a i ʻole nā mauna hipa. ʻO nā hipa hipa nui loa. Hiki i ka loa o ke kino ke lōʻihi o ka 120-200 cm, a ke kiʻekiʻe i ka malo o ka 95-120, a me ke kaumaha o 70-180 kg.He nui nā pūnaka o nā kāne a me nā kāne; ʻo ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 190 cm ka nui, he nui nā subspecies o kēia holoholona: Tien Shan, Altai, ʻĀpana Hema, Tibetan, Gobi, Kyzylkum, Amur, Kazakhstan. Loko ka ʻāpana o ke kapa i nā subspecies. Kūkulu nā kala mai ka mālamalama māmā a i ka hina hina. E hele ana kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo pōuliuli ma ka pihi. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mālamani kukui i ka ʻāʻī o ka hakakā, a he huluhulu lōʻihi ka mane. Ua hakakā ʻo Sheds i kahi ʻelua i hoʻokahi makahiki. Ua pāhuahua ka holoholona i Central a me Central Asia. Ma Russia, hiki i kahi hipa mauna ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Siberia. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Arkhar i ka Buke Red o ka Russian Federation.
- ʻEhā hipa hipa. He ʻoki pokole kona a me ke koʻikoʻi nui, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ma 150 kg. ʻO ka loa o ke kino a hiki i ka 188 cm, ma ka maloʻo a hiki i 110 cm. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pū o ka hipa i loko o ke apo a hiki ke loaʻa ka nui o 1 m ka lōʻihi. ʻAʻole aneane ʻike ʻia nā laha ma nā pū. I nā wahine, ʻo nā pepeiaoholo ka pōkole a ʻokoʻa paha ke anawaena. ʻAʻeleʻele ke kala, ʻulaʻula. Hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Siberia.
- He hipa hipa kīnā ʻole a he hipa hipa paha. ʻO ka paona o ke kino mai 75 a 145 kg, a ʻo kona lōʻihi he 110 cm, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maloʻo ma kahi o 115 cm. Ua kuʻi ʻia nā pepeiaohao i loko o ka ʻōliki a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 110 cm. Hiki i nā pepeiaohao kāne a hiki i ka paona a hiki i 14 kg. ʻO ka kala o ka hulu ka ʻulaʻula a me ke aniani paha. Kuhi ʻia ʻo ia ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, mai Kanada a i Kaleponi.
- Thin-legged poʻo ram Dalla. Ua liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā holoholona o kēia ʻano. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 175 cm, ke kaumaha - 140 kg. Kua lahilahi a lōʻihi ka pū nāu, hiki ke ulu a hiki i 110 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO Habitat mai Alaska a hiki i Kolombia. Ua māhele ʻia ʻo Dalla i ʻelua subspecies. Wahi a nā subspecies, keʻokeʻo ka ʻalani o ke kapa i ka hina ma ka speck.
ʻO nā helu o ka hipa hipa-ʻoni ʻono
I kekahi ala ʻē aʻe, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau hipa ʻoi momona. Hiki ke maʻalahi lākou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai ke koena i ka paʻa paʻa o ka ʻona momona i ka ʻāpana sacral. ʻO ka ʻāina kahi o nā holoholona momona momona he mau ʻāina me nā hiʻohiʻona climatic paʻakikī loa, no ka laʻana, e like me nā Tajikistan a me Afghanistan. ʻO ke kūlana climatic ka hana a me ka hana pono o ka ʻāina kanuʻaneʻala o ke ʻano ke kumu o nā ʻano o kēia ʻano hipa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o nā holoholona momona ko lākou nui nui loa (ʻo nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano nui ka nui ma waena o nā holoholona āpau)
ʻO kā lākou mea lua ʻāpana nui a ʻo ka hoʻoponopono kūpono loa o kēia mau holoholona i ka aneane ʻōhua. ʻAe, a ʻo ke kolu o nā hiʻohiʻona kā lākou ʻānai māmā
I kā lākou kumu, nā holoholona ʻona momona e hoʻomanaʻo i nā kāmelo. I ka lā momona o kēia mau hipa, ʻokoʻa kekahi momona, aia kahi nui o nā mea kanu like ʻole, e ʻae ana i kēia mau holoholona (e like me nā kāmela) me ka wai ʻole a me ka meaʻai i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā.
Eia kekahi, he meaʻokoʻa loa lākou i ka maʻi maʻi a hiki ke hānai i nā pā hānai maka i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO nā hemahema nui o kēlā mau holoholona me kā lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. I loko o nā keiki o ka hipa hipa momona, ʻaʻole lawa loa ia i hoʻokahi keiki hipa. ʻO kekahi hemahema o nā hipa ʻoi momona ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kā lākou huluhulu, kahi mea i kūʻai ʻole ʻia.
ʻO nā ʻōhua like loa o ka ʻiʻo a me ka kuhikuhi o nā kahu hipa e komo pū ana: Jaidar, Edilbaev a me Hissar.
ʻO ka paona ola o kahi pākeke momona kāne makua mai ka 110 a 190 kilograms. ʻO nā wahine o kēia kuamoʻo halihali, ʻoiai lākou ke nānā aku i ko lākou mau ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kāne, hōʻea wale nō i ka nui 75 a 90 kg. ʻO ka paona o ka momona ma kahi momona o kēia mau holoholona e hiki ke piʻi i 14 kg.
ʻOi aku ka hemahema o nā hipa hipa i loaʻa i ka hulu hipa
ʻO ke ʻano nui o kēia mau holoholona he hua maikaʻi loa o ka hulu o ka pono i koi ʻia, no ka mea, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻiʻo o kēia ʻano ʻōiwi ma kahi laʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kuhikuhi a mākou i kau inoa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka paona maʻamau o nā hipa hulu hipa, hoʻokahi haneli kilekiliki, no laila, kūpono nā holoholona o nā ʻano like ʻole no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke keiki hipa.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka huluhulu o kēia mau holoholona e ʻimi loa ia i ka ʻimi ʻimi loa ʻana, i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani o ka ʻoihana māmā. Hele ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana i nā kalapu lāʻau me nā maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, nā mea o nā lole waho, nā kūlima a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i nā hōʻailona maikaʻi o ka huahana hipa i nā hipa ma kēia kuhikuhi. Mai kēlā me kēia kanaka, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa 7 - 20 kilograma o nā mea rune.
ʻOiai ʻo kāna pōʻino koʻikoʻi, he nui nā pōpoki o nā hulu hipa. Ma muli o kā lākou huluhulu huluhulu o ka huluhulu, nā holoholona o kēia ʻōpiopio hiki i nā hanana ke hōʻeha i nā hōʻiliʻili kino.
Eia kekahi, pili pono ka hipa hipa hulu hipa i nā umauma a, i ʻole, i ke ʻano maloʻo maloʻo loa hoʻi.
ʻO nā pono nā kau i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka manawa hoʻoilo i kēia mau holoholona ʻaʻole e pau i ka manaʻo, me ka ʻoi loa ka lauoho a me ka lōʻihi o ka lauoho he mea pale maikaʻi loa i ka haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka nāwaliwali o ka ʻohi manu-hipa ka ikaika o ko lākou mau kaila, ma muli o kahi i laʻa no ko lākou mālama pono ʻia nā papahele papa.
ʻO ka mea kaulana a kaulana i ko mākou kaiʻai a me ka hulu hipa e komo pū ana: Altai, Stavropol, Grozny, Askanian a me Merino.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i nā hipa hipa o ka hulu hipa ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka lau maikaʻi. Hoʻohui, hāʻawi nā wai pipi liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻōlelo i ka waiū liʻiliʻi, kahi lawa ʻole e hānai i hoʻokahi.
Hōʻikeʻike hānai
He kino wīwī nui ka hipa o nā mauna, ʻaʻole ia e nānā like me nā hipa momona i ʻona a maikaʻi. He holoholona haʻaheo a wiwo ʻole kēia. Loaʻa nā kiʻi nui o nā hipa kāne me nā pūliki poʻohiwi ma nā fresco a me nā kaha kiʻi kahiko o ʻAsia. Noho ka nui o nā hipa mauna hihiu ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o Iraq, Iran a me nā kuahiwi o Kaukusus. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia hope, ua noho ka mouflon ʻĀina ma ka ʻāina o Armenia, ma ka Crimea a me nā ʻāina o ka Balkan Peninsula.
ʻO ka inoa Latin no kēia holoholona ʻo Ovis orientalis. ʻO nā holoholona maoli ma nā holoholona he holoholona makemake ikaika, no laila i loko o kahi hui o nā hipa hihiu he kauoha holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa lākou. Hoʻokomo nā mea nāwaliwali i nā mea ikaika loa. Hiki i kahi hipa ke kokoke i hoʻokahi haneli kanaka, ʻoi aku, ʻo ke kāne pili i ia mea i ka hoʻomaka wale o ka wā hana, a laila haʻalele i nā ʻohana. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kaulana o ka wā aloha: ʻo ke kaua o nā kāne a i ʻole e luhi ana e nā pū.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ka hipa hihiu no Asia ma kaʻai maoli e hānai nui i nā ʻano mauʻu āpau. E like me nā hipa home, makemake nui nā holoholona hihiu i nā ʻano cereals, nui ka lau nahele e ulu ana ma nā kuahiwi mauna. ʻO nā kolamu me ka leʻaleʻa ʻoluʻolu ʻo St. John's wort, fescue, astragalus, a me ka ʻininfoin a me ke akua wahine. Heluhelu nā Zoologists i nā 17 mau mea hihiu o ka nui o nā mea kanuʻai i ka meaʻai o nā mouflons ʻAmelika.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka home no kahi hipa mauna
Ua kapa ʻia nā hipa hipa i kahi pūʻulu o nā holoholona artiodactyl - nā lālā o ka ʻohana bovine, kahi e pili ai i kekahi me kekahi, e like me kekahi ʻano, i nā hipa home, nā musk bipi a me nā kao kuahiwi.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā hipa hipa hope loa i ka ʻoi ʻana i nā pepeiaohao he nui, he kaʻi i ka hiʻi i ka ʻāpana ʻīpī, a me kekahi pūʻulu nui hoʻi ke ākea, ka pōpoki pōkole a me ka nele o kahi ʻumiʻumi.
ʻO nā hipa mauna hipa, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā hipa home, nui ke lohi, a ʻoi aku kona kiʻekiʻe. E like pū me kēia mau holoholona he ʻolua a me nā hipa kāne a maned, he ʻano waena ma waena o nā hipa kāne a me nā kao kuahiwi.
Hōʻike ʻia nā hipa hipa e ka nui a me nā nui. Aʻo ka hapa nui o kā lākou ʻano, kahi helu ʻepekema i helu ʻia ʻehiku, ua ʻōhumu ʻia a ʻokoʻa ʻole i waena o lākou.
ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o kēia pūʻulu ʻo ia ka mouflon. ʻO kēia mau holoholona he kiʻekiʻe o ka pili o 75 cm, ke kiʻekiʻe o 25 i ka 46 kg. ʻO ke alakaʻi i waena o nā ʻano ʻōiwi ka argali - ka luna nui loa o kēia hui.ʻO ke kūloko o kēlā mau mauna e noho ana ma kahi o 100, kāne a hiki i 220 kg, hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka moka.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai i ke kiʻi o nā hipa kuahiwi, ke kiʻekiʻe haʻaheo a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ia mau holoholona, ʻo ko lākou mau pepeiaohao, i kuli ʻia i ke ala kumu ʻole.
ʻO ka mea nona ka ʻāpana nui a ʻoi loa ka kaupaona ʻana (ʻoi aku hoʻi a hiki i 35 kg) ʻo ia ka puʻu ʻohana Altai, ʻo ia nō hoʻi ka mea nui no nā holoholona (ʻo ka nui o nā poʻe i loaʻa ka nui o ka 180 kg).
Eia naʻe kekahi holoholona hihiu like ʻole, ʻo ka heluna kanaka nona ia, e like me nā manaʻo, aia ma ka 700 wale nō kanaka. I ka nānā ʻana i kēia kūlana o ka ʻāina, ma Rūsia ua kākau ʻia kēia mau kānaka mauna i ka Puka ʻaha.
ʻO ka kala o nā holoholona, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hoʻomālamalama ʻia, he hina hina-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā kalaʻulaʻula, akā ʻo kahi o nā wāwae, ke kua hope a me ka ʻōpū, i ka hapa nui, na kaila i keʻokeʻo.
Eia nō naʻe, ua lawa nā mea ʻokoʻa. No ka laʻana, ʻokoʻa nā hipa hipa ʻāwili i loko o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula, a ʻo ke ʻano mane ke hoʻokaʻawale nei e nā pua melemele-ʻulaʻula.
Noho maikaʻi nā ʻohana hipa i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a pau loa o ka ʻĀkau Hema, akā ʻike ʻia lākou ma Asia, akā ua loaʻa i nā mauna he nui o ʻEulopa, a me ʻArika a me ʻAmelika, e makemake ana e noho i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole i like i nā kao kuahiwi. Kahi o nā ʻano holoholona o kēia mau holoholona: nā hipa kāne i ulu ʻia ka lehelehe e loaʻa ana ma nā wāwae o nā kuahiwi.
E pili ana i ka pono holoholona
I kēia mau makahiki, ua luku loa nā hipa. Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa nei ka lehulehu i nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka mea mua, ke pana ʻia ʻole ʻole kēia e poachers, a me ka lua, kāhea mai i nā holoholona mai kā lākou mau mea maʻamau. ʻO kēia no ka mea i nā holoholona hānai i nā ʻāina ma kēia mau ʻāina, e ʻai ana i ka nui o nā meaʻai o ka argali, mouflon, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka hopena o ka hopena o kēia, make ka ʻāpana o nā pipi ma nā lima o nā mea hune a i ʻole nā mea wīwī e like me nā ʻūlio, nā ʻīlio, nā leʻe leʻe, a me nā mea like.
No ka palekana o ka lehulehu, ua wehe nā ʻano kūlohelohe i kahi i pāpā ʻia ai ia e ʻimi holoholona. A no ka mea nui ka manaʻo o nā hipa mauna i ke pio ʻana, ma hea lākou e māhuahua ai, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka nui o nā ʻano. ʻO ka hihia kaulana loa nei o ka hopu manu ʻana i nā hipa mauna i ka 2009. Ma ka manawa he helikopter i lele aku ma luna o Altai, ma ka papa kahi e hoʻonoho nui nā luna a me nā ʻoihana e hānai ana i kēia mau holoholona. Ua loaʻa koke i kēia hihia ka lehulehu o ka hihia, akā ua hōʻole ka ʻaha i ka hoʻopiʻi. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka mea kiʻekiʻe, he paʻakikī ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā helu, no ka mea he holoholona nui ka holoholona a ola i kahi i noho ʻole ai ke kanaka.
Wehewehe Ram, kiʻi, kiʻi. He aha ka mea like a ka hipa kāne?
ʻO ka nui hipa ka 1.4 ma 1,8 mika. Aia ma muli o nā ʻano ʻano, ʻokoʻa ka momona o ka hipa mai 25 a 220 kg, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma nā maloʻo - mai 65 a 125 cm.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoʻohanohano i loaʻa i loko o ke ʻano o ka hipa, he mau puʻupuʻu nunui me ka nui o ka puʻu e neʻe nei i nā ʻaoʻao, e noho ana ma kahi poʻo elongated liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā pū hipa Rameka ke hiki i 180 cm, ʻoiai he mau pākuhi me nā pūlima liʻiliʻi a i ʻole pau ʻole. Ua kūpono ʻia nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe a kūlou no ka hele wāwae ʻelua ma nā ʻaoʻao kuahiwi. ʻO ka huelo o kahi hipa kāne ka lōʻihi o 7 a 15 cm.
Ma muli o ke kūlana hope o nā maka me nā haumāna papa, ua hiki i nā hipa ke ʻike i ko lākou puni i hope o lākou me ka huli ʻole o ko lākou mau poʻo. Wahi a Zoologists hiki i nā maka o ke hipa ke ʻike i ke kiʻi kala. ʻO kēia, me ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻono a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana, e kōkua ana i nā hipa e ʻona a hūnā paha mai ka ʻenemi.
He hipa hipa wahine ka wahine. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine i ka nui o ke kino (ʻoi aku ka hipa i ka 2 mau manawa nui i ʻoi aku i nā hipa) a me nā pū (ʻo nā kāne ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pūhaka ma mua o nā wahine). Akā ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi ka kala o ka huluhulu huluhulu i nā hiʻohiʻona.I nā kanaka a pau i loko o nā ʻano, like like ke kala. ʻO ke kala o ka hipa a me kahi hipa brownish brown, tan, hina-ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele. I ka aneane like me nā ʻohana hipa, ka ʻōpū a me nā wāwae ʻahaʻa loa, he keʻokeʻo. I nā lālā āpau o ke ʻano ʻano, koe wale nō no nā ʻano ʻōlima, ʻike ʻia ka molleal makahiki.
Lulu hema, hipa kūpono
ʻO kahi hipa ka holoholona e alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona holoholona. Kamaʻilio nā lālā o nā bipi me kekahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka bleating a i kahi snort manuahi paha. He leo waʻa leo o ke hipa hipa, ʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano. Hoʻohana pinepine nā lālā pā i kekahi me kekahi ma ka leo.
ʻO ka maʻamau o ke ola o ka hipa kāne ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe mai ka 7 a 12 mau makahiki, ʻoiai ke ola nei kekahi mau kānaka a hiki i 15 mau makahiki. Noho ka hipa i ka noho pio ʻana no nā makahiki 10-15, a me ke mālama pono hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i 20 mau makahiki.
Lalakini
He nui loa nā pahuhehe i nā Tien Shan a me Southern Altai. Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ko lākou helu ma muli o nā hana kanaka, ma Altai ua pau koke lākou.
Noho ʻo Arkhars ma nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe a alakaʻi i kahi nohona lūlū. Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi lā ma kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka meaʻai a me nā hipa ʻaʻole mea e huki wale, ʻaʻole hele hewa.
Nui! ʻO kēia mau hipa kāne ka mea nui loa, ʻo ka paona o ka pākeke e hiki ana i 200 kg, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka maloʻo ka 1,25 m.
ʻO ka hope o ke ola o ka hakakā he 10-12 mau makahiki. I nā kāne, ikaika nā ʻūlani, pila i ka ʻuhane
ʻŪpiki a nā nā pepeiaohao o nā wahine, ʻaʻole ʻuku loa. ʻO ke kala kaila o ke kino ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao a ma hope, a ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī.
I nā kāne, ikaika nā ʻūlani, pila i ka ʻuhane. ʻŪpiki a nā nā pepeiaohao o nā wahine, ʻaʻole ʻuku loa. ʻO ke kala kaila o ke kino ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao a ma hope, a ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī.
Kawaihuna (bighorn, chubuk)
He kino liʻiliʻi ke kino o kahi hipa, akā he muscular, a he poʻo liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i nā pepeiaohao i kūʻokoʻa i ka helehelena. ʻO lākou ka hiʻohiʻona o nā kāne a me nā wahine i laila, hiki iā lākou ke hiki i 110 cm ka lōʻihi.
ʻO ka hipa hipa ka mea i kapa ʻia ka "rhino" a "chubuk". Hoʻopau loa a ikaika nā wāwae. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino me ka lauoho puʻupuʻu pōkole, ka mea e pale ai iā lākou mai ka hau. ʻO ka kala ka mea holoholona he brown-brown, loaʻa nā wahi keʻokeʻo ma luna o ke kino, ʻoi loa ke poʻo.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka kāne mai ka 1.40 a i ka 1,88 m, ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka maloʻo e 76-100 cm. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā wahine, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino he 126-1179 cm, kiʻekiʻe - 76-100 cm. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino - mai 33 a 68 kg.
Noho lākou i nā pipi liʻiliʻi o nā mea he nui, i ka hāʻule i hui pū ai lākou i nā hui he nui, akā ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i 30 mau pahuhopu.
Höʻike (Thin)
Loaʻa ka Baran Dalla ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (ma ke komohana Kanada a ma nā mauna ʻo Alaska). Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona e ka hulu hipa keokeo, i kekahi manawa me nā ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻulaʻula hina ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao i loaʻa. He ʻōpō ka lōʻihi o nā pākeke o 1.3-1,8 m.
Maopopo? Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻohana hipa i ka makahiki 1877 e William Dall, he mea ʻokiʻuku mai USA, i ka wā o kona lawe ʻia ʻana. Ma hope mai, kapa ʻia kēlā mau inoa ma hope ona.
ʻO ke kaupaona kai mai 70 a 110 kg, nā wahine - a hiki i 50 kg. Loaʻa nā males i nā pepeiao puʻupuʻu, ʻo ia ka mea i lilo a keu a ʻōpiopio me nā makahiki. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pepeiao o nā wahine i ʻoi aku ka nui. Ke ola nei lākou i ka awelika o 12 mau makahiki.
He poʻe huluhulu nui nā hipa a Dall, ʻaʻole hoʻokipa i nā hui kokoke. Noho nā kāne wahine a me nā wahine ma nā ʻano hakanui kaʻawale a hui pū ʻia i ka wā ʻoi ka rutting.
I waena o nā kāne, ʻike ʻia kahi hierarchy koʻikoʻi, i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka nui o nā pu. Mālama ʻo Males i nā hoʻokūkū ma waena o lākou iho, akā ma muli o kahi hōʻeha kino o ka ʻūhā.
ʻU Uri (mauna Turkmen)
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi loa o ka holoholona hihiu, he maʻamau lākou i Central Asia. ʻAʻole pāpaona kona paona ma kahi o 80 kg, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maloʻo a hiki i ka 75 cm. ʻO ke kala ʻulaʻula a me ka māmā o ke kauwela.
Aia kekahi wahi keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū, a he lauoho uliuli nā kāne a me ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma.Nui nā pepeiaohao o nā kāne, i ka lōʻihi hiki iā lākou ke hiki aku i ka 1 mika, me kahi papa wao o waho a me nā kahakaha transverse liʻiliʻi.
Noho lākou ma nā uka o nā kuahiwi, a me nā pālahalaha, kahi ma nā wahi pāheu, ʻaʻohe gorges a me nā pali. E like me nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe, ke noho nei ka wahine a me nā kāne o nā ʻano māka i nā pipi ʻokoʻa a hui pū no ka wā moe. Pōmaikaʻi ke keiki i ka ʻeono mau mahina, ma muli o kahi hua hānau hoʻokahi. Noho nā hipa mauna o Turkmen no 12 mau makahiki.
Nā ʻano o Ovis Ammon
Mai ka wā nui ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hipa kāne me nā pepeiaohao pūlima. ʻO ke konohiki Aries kahi inoa ma hope ona. ʻO ka inoa Latin o ka holoholona - ʻo Ovis Ammon - loaʻa ka inoa o ke akua ʻAigupita ʻAmona. Ke hāwele nei i nā pepeiaohao o kahi hipa - kahi ʻanoʻokoʻa o nā holoholona. ʻO lākou ka lōʻihi, ka mānoanoa ma ke kumu, a ākea i ka hope.
ʻAʻole kahi ʻano helu ʻokoʻa ka hipa hipa ʻole. Hoʻolaha kekahi o lākou i nā pūʻulu o nā holoholona:
- Nā Mouflons: ʻEulopa a me ʻĀsia.
- Arkhars: Kazakhstan, Altai argali, Darwin hipa, Kyzylkum, Tien Shan, Karatau. Pili pū ʻo Pamir, North China a me Tibet hipa.
- Nā Uri: Ladakh, Punjabi, Bukhara Urials, Ustyurt, Turkmen hipa.
- ʻEhā hipa hipa.
- ʻO Baran Dalla.
- ʻOiʻuhu.
Ke hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻano holoholona, nā nui o nā holoholona, nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino, ka ʻili, ke ʻano o nā pū, a me ka ʻike kūlohelohe. He ʻokoʻa ke kaila like ʻole o nā kiʻi artiodactyl, akā ma ka aneane like me ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa e keʻokeʻo. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, liʻiliʻi ko lākou mau pepeiao.
Ke kiaʻi mau nei nā holoholona i ko lākou palekana
ʻO ka hakakā wale a me nā mouflon wale nō i ulu ma nā pā holoholona a me nā zoos, nā mea ʻē aʻe e make ana i ka noho pio ʻana. No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ia i nā pālaha nui me kahi pa kiʻekiʻe e pono ana. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā pipi, hoʻokumu ʻia nā hana. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe kekahi liona, nā lynx, nā wīwī.
ʻO nā hipa hipa i hakakā
ʻOkoʻa nā Arkhars i ko lākou noho ʻana ma nā pūʻulu o kahi 100 kanaka pākahi. Hoʻokahi wale nā kāne a me nā wahine i ka hānai no nā ʻōpio, aʻo ke koena o ka manawa, nā kāne i kūkulu i kahi ʻāpana mai nā keiki hipa a me nā wahine. ʻAʻole koko nui ka hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā kāne. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā hakakā me nā puhi puhi o ka pu ma ka umauma a ma o nā iwi kiko. Noho mau ka wahine o ke wahine ma kahi o 5 mau mahina, a ma hope o 4 mau mahina ka lilo kūʻokoʻa nā keiki hipa. Loaʻa ke ola o nā mea ma waena o 10-13 mau makahiki. ʻO ka manawa hou nei, lawe ʻia nā hipa mauna āpau ma lalo o ka mākaʻi ma muli o ke kī hakakā ʻole.
Kahi helu
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i nā hipa a me nā hipa kāne o nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka lole o ka huluhulu. He ʻekolu wale nā hipa a me nā hipa e like me nā hiʻohiʻona hulu: ka ʻahuʻula, nā ʻūleʻa, ke keʻokeʻo a me ka semi-fine-grained. I ka huli, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻekolu o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka huahana (ʻaila o ka huluhulu, ka ʻiʻo a me ka waiū paha):
- Kūwau
- ʻai momona
- ʻai a huluhulu
- ka manu a me ka hulu hipa
- ka ʻai a me ka lau,
- ka ʻai a me ka lau lau
- ʻai a me ka huluhulu
- laue,
- ʻai-hulu-ʻolua.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻatikala o kā mākou ʻāpana. Aia kēlā me kēia puke i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi manaʻo kikoʻī o ka ʻano a me kāna ʻano.
Hoʻohui lauoho
Ua lilo mau kēia ʻano hipa i mea mau i nā mea hipa. Ua kulu maikaʻi nā holoholona, a hele pū i ka momona a me ka smushka (ʻili a hipa). Kēia ʻano pili ʻo Karakul, Eldibaevskaya, Kuchugurovskaya, Tuvinskaya, Andean, Karachaevskaya, Lezginskaya. ʻO kahi hua ʻai maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻo Romanovskaya. No nā lālā manu-bulu. ʻO nā pua hipa o kēia ʻano ʻano he ʻumi mau tausani o ka poʻo i kēlā me kēia poʻo.
Palapala huluhulu
I kēia ʻano hipa, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili hipa no ka 9 cm, a ʻo ka mānoanoa he 25 mau ʻāpana. No hoʻokahi centimeter o ka lehele he e pili ana i 7 mau curl. ʻO nā hipa merino he nui, e like me ka merino Soviet, ke kumu o ka huluhulu maikaʻi loa.Eia kekahi, ʻo nā Salskaya, Stavropol, Altai, Askanian, Transbaikal, Caucasian, Krasnoyarsk a me nā lālā o Ural e pili ana i ka makana. Akahi no hoi a Volgograd, Vyatka, Dagestan mauna a me Prekos.
Half-maikaʻi
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hulu hipa o ka hipa-semi-maikaʻi i kekahi manawa ke hiki i 20 cm, akā i nā huaʻelima a me ka elasticity ka mea nui loa - mai ke ʻulupulu a me ka māmā hoʻi i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā moʻo lōʻihi lōʻihi, no ka laʻana, e like me Kuibyshev, Lūkia, Caucasian North, Soviet, Gorky a i Gorno-Altai, e ʻike ʻoe i kā mākou ʻāpana. Ma ka ʻaina, i nā mea me nā kiʻi, hiki ke heluhelu e pili ana i ka mālama a me ka mālama pono ʻana o kēia mau holoholona.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
Noho ke ola argali, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, i nā kahe a me nā wahi mauna o Central a me Central Asia, e piʻi ana i ka kiʻekiʻe o 1,3-6.1 mau tausani ma luna o ke kai. Noho ka maka puaʻa waiʻa ʻo Himalaya, Pamirs a me Tibet, a me Altai a me Mongolia. ʻOi aku, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona artiodactyl e ʻike nui ʻia, a ua loaʻa nā kiʻi kaua i ka nui ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o ke komohana o Western a me Siberia Hikina, a ʻo ia hoʻi i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Yakutia.
I kēia manawa, hilinaʻi nui ka noho hakakā ʻana i nā ʻano o nā subspecies:
- nā subspecies Ovis ammon ammon i loaʻa i loko o nā ʻōnaehana mauna o Gobi a me Mongolia Altai, me nā kau kekahi a me nā pāheʻe i nā panalāʻau o East Kazakhstan, East Altai, Southwest Tuva a me Mongolia,
- nā subspecies Ovis ammonium i loaʻa ma ka Kazakh Highlands, ma ka ʻĀkau o Balkhash, Kalba Altai, Tarbagatai, Monrak a me Saur,
- nā subspecies o Ovis ammon hodgsonii i loaʻa ma ka Plateau Tibetan a me nā Himalaya, me ʻApelia a me India,
- nā subspecies Ovis ammon karelini i loaʻa i Kazakhstan, a ma Kyrgyzstan a me Kina hoʻi,
- subspecies Ovis ammon rolii noho ka uka o Tajikistan me Kyrgyzstan, Kina, a me Afghanistan hoʻi,
- ʻO nā subspecies Ovis ammon jubata i noho i ka ʻāina kiʻekiʻe ʻo Tibetan,
- ka ʻĀina subspecies Ovis ammon cevertzóvi noho i ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka mauna i Kazakhstan, a me kekahi mau wahi ma ka ʻaoʻao o Uzbekistan.
Makemake nā hipa hipa i nā wahi ākea ākea, e ʻae iā lākou e hele i nā ʻōpala i kahiʻaoʻao i ka pali me nā wahi piedmont, a me nā ʻōpala alpine grassy, maikaʻi loa i nā lau me nā lau lāʻau. Loaʻa ʻia nā pāpū papaliki kahi kālai ʻia i loko o nā ʻalā pali, a me nā awāwa me nā kiʻekiʻe pōhaku. Hoʻāʻo nā Arkhars e pale i nā wahi i hōʻike ʻia e nā mānoanoa popo o nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o nā subspecies ka manawa neʻe o ka neʻe ʻana i ka manawa.
He hoihoi! I ke kauwela, piʻi nui ka argali i nā wahi o ka zone alpine, waiwai i nā lau kanu palala, a ma nā holoholona hoʻoilo, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia, iho i loko o kahi o nā pā o ka hau kiʻe.
ʻO nā holoholona ʻehā he mea pono loa no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ko mākou ʻāina
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā pono āpau a me nā hemahema o nā ʻano hipa i kahakaha ʻia ma luna, he nui nā ʻohana hipa e hoʻihoihoi ʻole i ka nīnau: "Aia kekahi ʻano lehulehu o kēia mau holoholona?"
I waena o nā ʻano hipa a pau e ukali ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina, kahi i loaʻa kahi kūikawā i loaʻa e nā hipa o ka holoholona Romanov.
Aia i kēia hua nā pono āpau o nā luna ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana hipa.
ʻO ka hipa Romanovskaya he nui loa ka paona (ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli kilograms), a like me nā hipa ʻehā e like me ka fecundity maikaʻi loa, akā hoʻi i ka hiki ke lilo i hapalua mau manawa. I hoʻokahi moʻomeheu, hiki i kahi wahine Romanov hua ke lawe mai mai ʻekolu a ʻelima mau keiki hipa, a hānau mai kā lākou iho mai ka wīwī hoʻokahi a hiki i ʻelua makahiki.
ʻOkoʻo Romanovsk hipa
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka huluhulu o Romanovsk ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole i ke ʻano o nā mea i ʻike ʻia i ka huluhulu i like me ka merino, aia ka mea mua ma kēia wahi o ka hana holoholona.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka hua Romanov he kūloko maoli.Pui ʻia ʻo ia ma ka moku ʻo Yaroslavl, no laila ke loaʻa pono nā hipa hānau mai nā mea hana ʻana o ka hua. He kūpono kēia ʻano no nā māla hoʻomaka a hāʻawi iā ʻoe e hoʻomohala koke i kā kāu ʻoihana hipa hipa mai ka wā o ka kahakaha ʻana.
Ua kūpono nā holoholona holoholona Romanov i nā ʻano mea like ʻole, he pale lākou i nā maʻi a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu hou, e hana iā lākou i kahi koho kūpono ma ke kumu ka pae o nā mālama mālama a me nā loaʻa kālā.
ʻO nā mea e pili ana i nā hipa kāne
- ʻO kā ka haumāna hipa he ʻalani kūhā. Kūkulu ʻia kahi ʻano like o nā io o ka hihiʻo i nā octopuses a me nā mongoose.
- Kuhi i nā Helene kahiko i ke kiʻi o ka hipa kāne, kapa ʻia ʻo ia i kekahi o nā konohona zodiac (Aries).
- I ka wā kahiko, ʻo ka hana hana o nā hipa kāne i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻopau i ka paia pā i hana ʻia i ke ʻano o ke poʻo o ka hipa. Mai ka mea i hiki mai ai ka ʻōlelo kaulana e pili ana i ka hipa kāne a me ka puka hou.
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kūpū o nā hipa uaʻoi aku ma mua o ke kino ʻoi aku ma mua o ke kanakolu.
- Loaʻa i kekahi mau hipa o nā holoholona hipa i ʻelua mau pūpū o ka nui, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i loko o nā holoholona hihiu.
Makemake ʻoe i ka ʻatikala? Kaʻana me kāu mau hoaaloha:
Kahi ʻano Morakia
Hoʻomoe ka ʻōlelo morphological i nā hipa i ʻelima mau hui: ʻo ka ʻili momona, nā maka pōkole, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi, ka wili lōʻihi ʻO ka lola pōkole pōkole a pōkole ke poʻokela pōkole (mai ka 10 a 22 ka vertebrae) a, a pela, koena nui ka nui o nā momona momona a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o kā lākou ʻeke a me ka huelo.
ʻO nā kākahi lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi a lōʻihi kekahi peʻa, akā ʻokoʻa ka laula o nā momona momona i loko o nā kāʻei a me nā wahi posterior. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pōhaku ʻonika a pau maikaʻi. I nā kāne ʻoi momona momona, loaʻa lākou kahi huelo pōkole, ka lōʻihi o 8 vertebrae a me nā kao momona e kū nei i ke aʻa o ka huelo a me nā haki. ʻO nā hipa ʻoi momona momona e kaulana i Tajikistan, Uzbekistan a me nā'āinaʻAmelika.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano
ʻO Arkhars ka ʻāpana nui loa o nā hipa hipa nona ka ʻohana o bovids, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo argali. kaupaona - ≈ 180 kg, ka lōʻihi - ≈ 2 m. ʻOiai ʻoi kekahi mau holoholona hipa liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka hakakā ke kala a me ka nui o nā pepeiao. ʻO ka hoʻohanohano lahilahi ka hipa mai ka mālamalama māmā a i ke brownish-hina, me kahi kino haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi kahi kīnā māmā me ka ʻāʻī. Pono nā pepeiao o nā holoholona o kēia ʻano, aneane ʻelua paha kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia mau hiʻi ikaika i luna o ke poʻo o kahi hipa hihiu i ka hapa hapa o ka nui o nā holoholona i noho he ≈ 15%, a he waiwai i nā kaiāulu.
ʻAuake
Aia he 9 mau ʻano hipa hipa o kēia ʻano:
- Altai,
- Kasakana,
- Kipeka
- Tien Shan
- Pamir,
- ʻEmobi
- Karatau,
- Kina Akina
- Kyzylkum.
Nā Mouflons - ua māhele ʻia i ka subspecies ʻEulopa a me Asia. ʻIke ʻia ka māka ʻEropa o kēia kahawai hipa i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o Kupero, Corsica a me Sardinia. ʻO kēia mau holoholona brown me kahi lalo keʻokeʻo. He nui ka nui o nā moemoe ma mua o nā wahine, ʻo kā lākou nui ma waena o 40-50 kg, a he 1,25 m ka lōʻihi. He mau ʻehā me kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana e loaʻa i kahi nui o 65 cm. ʻO kona kaupaona he kg 80 kg a ʻo kona lōʻihi he ≈ 1.5 m. He nui nā ululā me kahi kekeagina trihedral. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā hipa kāne, pinepine ʻole pūhewa.
ʻO Urialov i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo mouflon Asia. Eia nō naʻe, heʻokoʻa ka nui o nā chromosom e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. Helu helu ʻia kekahi mau holoholona o kēia holoholona hihiu. Loaʻa nā ʻula i ke kala ʻulaʻula me ka umauma ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi. Hānau nā kāne nui i 1.45 m ka lōʻihi a ma kahi like o kahi mika ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua hiki ka nui o ka nuilua 85 kg. ʻO ia nā holoholona wīwī, sinewy a lōʻihi. ʻO ka nui o nā pū he ≈ 1 m ka lōʻihi me kahi anawaena ma ke kumu o ≈ 30 cm.
Holo hipa hulu hipa
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i nā ʻelele o nā hulu hipa i mua o ka lauoho, no ka mea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o ka kapa a me nā hiʻohiʻona ākea o ka holoholona.Pono lākou i kahi pilikino ikaika, nā wāwae palaka a me kahi udder i hoʻolālā ʻia.
Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka papa helu hoʻoili ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kūikawā, e like me ke koho ʻana o kahi holoholona o kekahi ala a i ʻole kekahi e hana ʻia.
- Hōʻike ʻia ka hulu hipa i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hulu hipa. Hoʻomaka maikaʻi ko lākou mau mākala a me ka momona o ke kino, a hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻoe i ko lākou ʻano hānau ma ke keokeo, keʻokeʻo a me ka curvy lauoho. Eia kekahi, he holoholona ʻiliwī ka nui, a me ka huluhulu keʻokeʻo maikaʻi, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka hulu manu wale nō akā he ʻiʻo nō hoʻi, hiki ke ʻūlū ʻia ka pale ʻili, a i ʻole hoʻi ia.
- ʻO ka huluhulu semi-maikaʻi hoʻi he kapa lole like ʻole, heʻokoʻa paha ka ʻeha, luster a lōʻihi paha. Eia kekahi, ua mahele ʻia nā huaʻala i loko o ka chandelier a me ka semi-luster (e like me ke ʻano o ka papala o ke kapa).
- ʻOkoʻa nō nā hulu o ka polarse ma ke ʻano o ka orientation. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi hua maloʻo na ka hulu hiʻohiʻona, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea ʻai i ka ʻōpū me kahi limu ikaika. ʻO ka pinepine he ākea nui a loaʻa iā ia kahi kapa weuweu me ka nui o ka spine.
ʻOiai ke kūpono o nā hipa e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana climatic o ka mālama ʻana, i ke koho ʻana i nā kanaka no ka mahiʻai ponoʻī, pono e alakaʻi ʻia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻo. Ma keʻano kūikawā, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano ona pono nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana iā lākou e like me ka hiki. Mai ke wikiō e aʻo ʻoe pehea e mālama pono ai i nā holoholona i ke kauwela hoʻoilo paʻakikī.
Hoʻohālikelike
Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā hipa hipa no ka mea nui e makemake e hoʻāʻo i kā lākou ʻai. Akā ʻo ka pinepine ke kūʻai ʻia i nā pepeiaohao no ke kālā. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kēlā me kēia lā ka hāʻule o ka helu o ka rhino. ʻO ka hope loa, hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻopau piha o nā ʻano.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, manaʻo ʻia nā mouflons i ka mahiʻai. Hāʻawi lākou i ka ʻai maikaʻi loa a i ʻole e ʻike ʻole ʻole i ka meaʻai. Eia kekahi, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻili, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka mouflons ʻEulopa. ʻO lākou ka mea nui loa i ka ʻoihana. ʻO kekahi meaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻē aʻe ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mouflon me nā hipa home, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou ʻano. No ka mea, he mele merino, i mālama ʻia e ka mea hoʻokalakupua ʻO Ivanov, hiki ke hoʻomoka i nā pā ʻai mauna i hoʻokahi makahiki. I kēia mau lā, ʻike nui a keu hou nā holoholona o kēia mau holoholona. ʻO kēia paha, ʻo ia paha nā mea e hiki e ʻōlelo e pili ana i nā hipa hipa a me kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o kahi ʻohana hipa
ʻAʻole waiho ka hipa hipa hihiu i kahi mau wahi e noho ai, akā hilinaʻi paha ma ka manawa o ke makahiki ka hana ʻana lākou i nā neʻe liʻiliʻi, i ke kauwela e piʻi kiʻekiʻe ana i nā puʻu o nā mauna kaohi ʻana i ke kahuhipa o nā poʻo he nui.
A i ka hoʻoilo, hele lākou i lalo o nā kuahiwi o ka mauna, hana i nā ʻōpala nui a hiki i 1000 mau poʻo. ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine me kā lākou keiki ka mea maʻamau e mālama a hoʻokaʻawale i nā pipi. Hōʻike pinepine ia i nā kāne nui, ikaika a paʻa i nā kāne wale nō.
I ka launa ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻike kēia mau holoholona i ke kūkaʻi i kekahi i kekahi. E hōʻoluʻolu i nā hoahānau pili e pili ana i ka pōʻino, hiki i kahi hipa kuahiwi akamai a mālama pono hoʻi i hiki i nā mea hōʻailona ke hāʻawi. Hōʻemi kāwīwī holoholona i ka leo a haʻahaʻa.
I ka wā e hoʻokūkū ai me ka ʻenemi, hiki i kēia mau mea kuahiwi ke hōʻike i kahi noʻonoʻo pono, e ʻike i kahi ala e puka ai i ka manawa e pakele ai i ka pilikia. Ma nā papa helehelena ka neʻe maikaʻi ʻana lākou, akā hiki iā lākou ke lele pololei mai ka pali i ka pali. Nā hipa hipa hiki ke lawe i kahi kiʻekiʻe nui loa aku i kona kiʻekiʻe, a i ka lōʻihi, e lele lākou i 3-5 mika.
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i kēia mau holoholona kuahiwi ka manu manu: nā aila a me nā aeto, a me nā holoholona nui: nā pūʻulu uala, nā kiona a me nā ʻīlio hihiu, a ma kekahi mau wahi o ka honua coyotes, cheetahs a me nā leopards.
ʻAʻole i maʻalahi i ka hiki ke lanakila i nā hipa kuahiwi, no laila he nui nā mea hoʻopiʻi e hoʻāʻo wale i nā holoholona i ko lākou wāwae, e waiho ana iā lākou i loko o ka hohonu, a laila hopu i nā mea i hōʻeha a make paha a ʻai.
Mai ka manawa mau loa, he weliweli ka ʻohana mauna i ka holoholona e hānai ana i nā anemones moana no ka momona a me ka ʻiʻo, ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha maikaʻi a me nā ʻoluʻolu mai ko lākou mau pepeiaohao maikaʻi a me nā poʻo.
Ma muli o kēia mau hana, a me ka hānai ʻana i kekahi ʻano o nā hipa a me ka pālahalaha manu ʻana, lawe pinepine ka poʻe hipa i ka hōʻeha nui.
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o nā hipa hipa a me kahi ʻōiwi kanaka mai ka wā mau loa. ʻO kēia mau holoholona, māhele ʻia i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e lilo pinepine i mau mana o nā moʻomeheu kahiko.
A ua manaʻo ʻia he hana kilokilo nā ʻoniʻoni hipa a nā kānaka o ʻAsia. ʻO nā holoholona homesticated e hoʻopili maikaʻi i ka aʻa a me ka hua ʻole me nā pilikia ʻole, a me ke kaʻa pū me nā hipa, ma muli o ke ʻano ke puka mai nā pōpoki.
Helu
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 20, ua loaʻa ka nui o nā hipa hipa a Altai i 600 mau kānaka. A ma hope iki iho, ua emi iki ko lākou helu - i 245. Ma ke ʻano pale a me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o nā poʻe pākeke i nā wahi i mālama ʻia, hiki ke hoʻonui iki i ka helu - a hiki i ka 320 mau mea me nā ʻōpio a ua ʻelemakule ʻano makua o kēia ʻano.
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Ua hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana kūlohelohe - i loko o nā zilima a Kelemānia a ʻAmelika, akā, ʻaʻole naʻe, ʻaʻole pōmaikaʻi nā ho'āʻo ʻana. I ka hapa nui, ua make nā holoholona i loko o kekahi mau pule. He hipa hipa wale nō ka lōʻihi i lawe ʻia aku ma ka Biological Institute o Lūkia - a ʻeono makahiki i noho ai ʻo ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono mālama ʻia kēia ʻano i loko o nā ʻano kūlohelohe no lākou, a i ʻole ma ka mea like loa.
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Ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano, me nā hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi e hoʻonui i ka heluna o nā kānaka i komo ma ka Zos Novosibirsk. ʻO kēia papa hoʻokahi wale nō ka honua i kahi e hiki ai i kekahi ke ʻike i nā hipa mauna o Altai. ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ʻo ka hipa i mālama ʻia ma ʻaneʻi me ka palekana i nā keiki.
Ua noiʻi nā kānaka noiʻi Zoo i kahi hoʻolālā no ka māla a hoʻokuʻu i nā keiki hipa. Ma ke ʻano o kēia hana, i ka malama Kepakemapa 2018, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻehā mau kāne i loko o ka hale kūlohelohe, kahi i kūʻokoʻa ʻia i loko o kahi aviary kūikawā. Ua kūle ka hanana, a hele nā holoholona i ka nahele. Wahi a nā poʻe loea, pono lākou e hālāwai me kekahi ʻohana nui o nā hipa holoholona e kū ana ma ke kahua o ka hoʻokuʻu, a lilo i ʻāpana o ia.