E hele i ka poʻomanaʻo ʻāpana: Nā ʻano o nā dinosaurs
- Kākau: Amphibia = ʻAmphia
- Kauoha: Temnospondyli † =
- Ka ʻohana: Mastodonsauridae † = Mastodonosaurids
- Genus: Mastodonsaurus † = Mastodonosaurus
- Nā kiʻi: Mastodonsaurus jaegeri † = Mastodonosaurus
- Nā kiʻi: Mastodonsaurus giganteus † = Mastodonosaurus
- Nā kiʻi: Mastodonsaurus torvus † = Mastodonosaurus
Mastodonosaurus
Ua ola ʻo Mastodonosaurs i ka 250 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā kūpuna ko lākou he stegocephals. Kahi ʻano maʻamau he Mastodonsaurus giganteus, i wehewehe ʻia e G. Yeager i ka makahiki 1828 ma ke kumu o nā koena o ka Triassic Middle o Germany. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma Guildorf a ua paʻa i ka niho a me kekahi ʻāpana o ka iwi occipital, e waiho kokoke ana ma kahi kokoke, akā ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻenehana e nā mea hōʻiliʻili like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ua pili ʻo Yeager i ka niho i ka reptile (ʻo Mastodonsaurus maoli), a me ka nape, e hilinaʻi ana ma ke ʻano o nā ʻōhua ʻelua, hoʻohuhi ʻia i nā amphibians (ka genus Salamandroides).
ʻO Mastodonosaurs nā mea wānalua a me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka wai. Huli lākou i ka iʻa no ka iʻa a no laila lōʻole i haʻalele ai i ka ʻona ʻana. Loaʻa lākou i ka wai i kali ai no ka waiwai, ke hoʻokokoke mai nei ka mea pio, hopu lākou iā ia.
He holoholona nui ka mastodonosaurus, hiki i ka nui huina ke hiki aku a hiki i 6 m, a ke poʻo wale nō i ko lākou poʻo wale nō ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi mika. I ka hoʻomaka, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka ʻūhā e pili ana i ka hapakolu o ka lōʻihi o ka huina, akā ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻana o nā ʻūlau holo mai Kupferzell. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua pili ke pili ʻana o ka ʻōpala i kahi hapaha o ka nui o ka lōʻihi, a i ʻole ke emi mai. He nāwaliwali nā wāwae o ka mastodonosaurus. Ua like ke kino o ke kino o ke ʻano o kahi mau mōʻī, akā puʻupuʻu a ʻoi aku ka nui. Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi ʻē aʻe, i ke ʻano ke nānā aku lākou he like me nā baki he nui. Ea ...
He ʻupuʻu like ʻole ka palu a ke ʻōpua o ka mastodonosaurus, akā, me ke kihi nui; ʻike ka ʻalae i ka 1.25-1.4 m Ko ka nui o ka iwi ʻōpala. Ua hui pū ʻia nā kuleana o nā maka, a ua ʻike ʻia ma ke waena o ka ʻūhā, e alakaʻi i luna. Hoʻokomo ka iwi mua i ka ʻaoʻao o ka orbit, i ka orbit - ʻaʻohe protrusion lateral. Hoʻopili ʻia nā iwi hope o nā iwi ʻōwili. He liʻiliʻi nā Auricles, wehe. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā pūlima o nā ʻōnaehana o nā ʻaoʻao o ka hope i loko o ka ʻūhā, ua uhi ʻia ke ʻūhā me ke kālai ʻia coarse-grained (kahi hōʻailona diagnostic o ke ʻano). Aia ke alo o nā ihu ʻelua mau pūlima, kahi me ka waha paʻa, i nā piko o nā "fangs" o nā kahe ʻākau. ʻO ka mānoanoa haʻahaʻa me kahi kaʻina nui occluded. Ua nui nā niho, he liʻiliʻi, ma ka maxilla ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma 2 mau lālani. ʻO nā "fangs" nui i ka lewa.
Uwīwī ʻia ka ʻili o kēia mau holoholona me nā kūlohelohe.
Pili ʻia paha ka inoa genus me ka iwi mastoid i nā ʻano o nā niho, ʻaʻole me ko lākou nui nunui (ʻo nā niho mua i ʻike ʻia, "fangs" o ka iwi haʻahaʻa). ʻO ka mahalo, ua ʻike ʻia nā koena postcranial ma ke kenekulia 19, akā ʻaʻole lākou i wehewehe pono ʻia. ʻO kēia kahi ka manaʻo o ka mastodonosaurus me kahi ʻōpala pīhoihoi, i hoʻomaka me R. Owen, ua hala ʻo 100 i nā makahiki he 100. I ka manawa like, ʻo R. Dawson, i ka hope o ke kenekulia ma mua o ka mea i hala, ua kākau ʻoiai ʻo ka Triassic labyrinthodonts i hoʻohālikelike hou i nā mea hou a i ʻole nā kulana.
Mastodonosaurus
Aupuni: | Nā holoholona |
Kahi: | Kiʻi |
Hoʻopiʻi: | Nā Kūlana |
Kee: | Hoʻokipa |
ʻAeke | ʻAfonia kāne |
Kaulana: | Temnospondyli |
Ohana: | Mastodonsauridae |
Kāhea: | Mastodonsaurus |
- M. jaegeri
- M. giganteus
- M. torvus
Mastodonosaurus (lat. Mastodonsaurus) - kahi mākaʻikaʻi koʻikoʻi o ka labyrinthodonts o ka Triassic wā.
ʻO keʻano
Maʻa hoʻonaninani aʻai ʻona, hoʻokaʻawale paha ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i ka wai.
ʻO ka paleʻe o kahi mastodonosaurus o ka ʻuʻuku o ka like, ʻalike, akā me ke kahuna nui, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻe o ka ʻōpala 1.75-2 m He kokoke loa nā orbits, e kū ana ma kahi o ka waena o ka ʻopihi, i kuhikuhi ʻia i luna. Hoʻokomo ka iwi mua i ka ʻaoʻao o ka orbit, i ka orbit - ʻaʻohe protrusion lateral. Nui nā kui o nā iwi ʻōpala. Hoʻopili ʻia nā iwi hope o nā iwi ʻōwili. He liʻiliʻi nā Auricles, wehe. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā pūlima o nā ʻōnaehana o nā ʻaoʻao o ka hope i loko o ka ʻūhā, ua uhi ʻia ke ʻūhā me ke kālai ʻia coarse-grained (kahi hōʻailona diagnostic o ke ʻano).
Aia ke alo o nā ihu ʻelua mau pūlima, kahi me ka waha paʻa, i nā piko o nā "fangs" o nā kahe ʻākau. ʻO ka mānoanoa haʻahaʻa me kahi kaʻina nui occluded. Ua nui nā niho, he liʻiliʻi, ma ka maxilla ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma 2 mau lālani. ʻO nā "fangs" nui ma ka palau.
I ka hoʻomaka, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka ʻūhā e pili ana i ka hapakolu o ka lōʻihi o ka huina, akā ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻana o nā ʻūlau holo mai Kupferzell. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua pili ke pili ʻana o ka ʻōpala i kahi hapaha o ka nui o ka lōʻihi, a i ʻole ke emi mai.
He palupalu nā wāwae. Ua like ke kino o ke kino o ke ʻano o kahi mau mōʻī, akā puʻupuʻu a ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO ka vertebrae kikoʻi. Hiki i ka lōʻihi loa ka lōʻihi o 9 m.
ʻIke moʻolelo
Nānā ke ʻano - Mastodonsaurus giganteus, i wehewehe ʻia e G. Yeager i ka makahiki 1828 ma ke kumu o nā koena o ka Middle Triassic o Kelemānia. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma Guildorf a ua paʻa i ka niho a me kekahi ʻāpana o ka iwi occipital, e waiho kokoke ana ma kahi kokoke, akā ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻenehana e nā mea hōʻiliʻili like ʻole. Akā, hāʻawi ʻo Yeager i ka niho i ka reptile (ʻoiaʻiʻo Mastodonsaurus), a me ka nape, e pili ana i ka hele ana o elua condyles, ua koho 'ia me amphibian (genus Salamandroides).
Pili ʻia paha ka inoa genus me ka iwi mastoid i nā ʻano o nā niho, ʻaʻole me ko lākou nui nunui (ʻo nā niho mua i ʻike ʻia, "fangs" o ka iwi haʻahaʻa). ʻO nā ʻano like o kēia ʻano ʻano ʻO salamandroides Mastodonsaurus, Labyrinthodon jaegeri, Mastodonsaurus jaegeri, Mastodonsaurus acuminatus.
ʻO ka mahalo, ua ʻike ʻia nā koena postcranial ma ke kenekulia 19, akā ʻaʻole lākou i wehewehe pono ʻia. Mai laila mai ka manaʻo no ka mastodonosaurus i ola nei no ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 makahiki he ʻano ʻakaʻā nunui i hoʻomaka ʻia e R. Owen. I ka manawa like, ʻo R. Dawson, i ka hope o ke kenekulia ma mua o ka mea i hala, ua kākau ʻoiai ʻo ka Triassic labyrinthodonts i hoʻohālikelike hou i nā mea hou a i ʻole nā kulana. E hele mai mai Ladinia Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Thuringia).
M. torvus - nā ʻano lua mai puka mai i ka Triassic o nā Urals (Orenburg Region a me Bashkiria). I wehewehe ʻia e E. D. Konzhukova i 1955. Kahi ʻia no nā koena hāpū (ʻūlū i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka PIN - hana hou). ʻAʻole ia i ka haʻahaʻa ma ka nui i ka ʻano Kelemania.