1. ʻO nā holoholona nui nā Badger he mākaʻi o ka ʻohana marten.
2. Noho kēia mau holoholona ma nā ʻāina āpau, koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica: ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻEulopa (koe wale nō ma ka ʻākau o ka penikala Scandinavian a me Finlandia), Africa, ma ke Komohana o Kanada. ʻO kā lākou wahi noho ma loko o ka Caucasus a me Transcaucasia, Asia Minor a me Komohana Komohana.
3. Hiki ke loaʻa nā Badger ma nā puʻu alpine, i nā nahele, i kahakai, e wehe i nā ʻōpala a me nā mahinaʻai.
4. Kono makemake nā Badger i nā ʻili a me nā taiga, nā nā kuahiwi mauna, ma ke kūkulu hema lākou e noho ai i ke kahua o nā ʻāpana a me nā semi-deses.
5. Pono lākou i nā wahi maloʻo kahi kahe ʻia kahi kokoke i loko o nā loko wai a i nā ʻāina mika paha kahi āu e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā meaʻai.
6. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka badger i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻike nui, paʻakikī loa ka paʻakikī e hoʻopiʻi ʻia me kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pūpū makua mai 60 a 90 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona huelo he 20-24 cm, paona a 24 kg, a ma mua o ka wā hānau, e piʻi ana ia i ka 34 kg.
7. Nui loa ke kino, ʻokoʻa hoʻi ke ʻano, he like me ka waki i hoʻouna ʻia i mua, me kahi puʻupuʻu elongated anini elongated. ʻIkiʻiki loa ka ʻāʻī, aneane ʻike ʻole ʻia.
8. He pokole hoʻi nā wāwae, nunui. Hoʻopau nā manamana lima me nā puʻupuʻu lōʻihi, kūpono no ka eli ʻana.
9. He palalulu ka hulahula. ʻO nā kua a me nā ʻaoʻao he brownish-hina me ka pa kala, ʻeleʻele ke kino ma lalo.
10. Paipai ʻia nā maka o nā badger me nā ʻāpana pōkole ʻelua e kahe ana mai ka ihu a ka pepeiao.
ʻŌpala maʻamau
11. Ma kahi Eurasian aiʻole ke kino hewa, ʻokoʻa paha ke kala o ka hulu: ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, ke kaupaona ʻana mai ka 4 a 12 paha.
12. Kahi maoli ʻia ka moe kolohe wahine no ka poʻe badger; ʻo ka wahine a me nā kāne o kēia ʻano ʻano like i waho.
13. Ma kahi kokoke ʻole i nā ʻenemi maoli. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli iā lākou he ʻīlio, he lynx a me ka ʻīlio, a me ka ʻāina a me ka hihiʻo. ʻO nā pōpio manuā, nā aeto, a me nā kānaka a i hōʻino i nā mea hana kino.
14. Ke ola nei ka badger i ke kūlohelohe no 10-12 mau makahiki, i ka pio, hoʻonui ʻia ke ola ma 16 makahiki.
15. I mea e hoʻoweliweli ai i ko lākou ʻenemi, e hōʻalo pinepine nā mea kino mai nā lehelehe mai lākou. Hiki iā lākou ke kipaku aku i nā mammals ākea nui e like me ka ʻīlio, coyote a bear.
16. He holoholona maikaʻi ʻo Badger. ʻO ka manaʻo ʻo ia "ʻo ia no ka ʻole o ka minamina" ʻaʻole maoli i ʻāpono ʻia. Pono ʻo Badger e pāʻani me kona mau kaikuaʻana a hele i nā pāʻina "hoaaloha."
17. ʻO nā holoholona maikaʻi loa nā holoholona, akā nui ka meaʻai holoholona i kā lākou ʻai. ʻO kēia: nā iʻa like-kiʻi, nā baki, nā mōlani, nā manu a me kā lākou hua, nā pepeke a me kā lākou pili, nā mollusks, nā ʻewala. Hoʻohuiʻia, ʻai nā badger i nā huaʻai, nā huaʻai, nā huaʻai a me ka mauʻu.
18. Ke hele nei, kahi hele kino e hoʻopuni ana i ka ʻāina ākea, e pālahalaha aku i nā kumulāʻau i hāʻule ʻia, ʻalupā i ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau a me nā ʻōpala, kahi e peʻe ai nā pepeke a me nā nalo.
19. Mea mālama kahi makua ma waena o ka huli ʻana e ʻohi a hōʻiliʻili mai 50 a 70 i nā baki, he haneli a me nā ʻehā. Ma ka lā e pono ai iā ia he 500 g ka meaʻai, ʻai nui ʻo ia i mua o ka male ʻana, ʻo ia e ʻai ai a hele ana ma luna o ka momona, ke kumu e kū nei o ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo a pau.
20. ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā Badger i ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻia, e hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ke ʻano ikaika o ka ʻono a me ka hoʻolohe.
21. No ka hapa nui, noho ka badger i ka home - i kekahi lua. He ʻoluʻolu a home kona home, a maʻemaʻe. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia holoholona he mea ʻoi loa o nā ʻelele maʻemaʻe o ka make.
22. Noho ʻo Badger i nā puʻu hohonu i ʻeli ʻia e lākou ma nā kahe o nā puʻu one, nā pali ka nahele a me ka ulu lāʻau. Hoʻopili loa lākou i nā ʻāina a lākou e noho ai, a hiki i ka wā e hiki iā lākou ke hele i kā lākou minks mai kēia hanauna a kekahi hanauna.
23. ʻO ka hoʻonā kino maikaʻi ʻana he papa kākāʻā kikowaena lalo o ka hale me ka wehe ʻana o 40-50 mau puka no ke komo ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi (5-10 mika) mau kaila lāʻau e alakaʻi ai i ka 2-3 nui a me nā keʻena. Koho ʻia ka mea ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka wai, ma kahi hohonu o ka 5 mau mika, no laila ʻaʻole e kahe ka ua a me ka wai i loko o lākou, a paʻa ʻia me ka ʻōpala maloʻo.
24. Ma kahi pākahi, maʻalahi nā ʻōwele, paʻa me ka puka a me kahi keʻena manuahi. Mālama nā kauā kino i kā lākou puʻuwai a hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou, hoʻololi pinepine i ka litter.
25. Hiki i ka "styling" o kahi ʻohana maikaʻi ke kūʻokoʻa a kū kekahi me kekahi me kekahi. I kekahi manawa ma kahi hoʻokahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā ʻohana 2-3. A, ma ke ala, ma kēlā "kamaʻāina" nā kānaka a pau e noho maikaʻi.
Kanakaʻohana kik Badger
26. ʻAʻole hopohopo ka mea ʻelele o nā badger - he ʻōua honi. He aha nā pilikia āna i hana ai ma ka honua holoholona? Kuhi ʻo ia i nā cubes mai nā cheetahs, lawe i ka meaʻai mai nā liona, ʻai ʻo ia i nā nahesa maikaʻi "ʻono" maikaʻi.
27. Kānāwili i nā ʻōmuku ʻana i nā pūnū ākea a me ka nui o nā umeke; inā hele ʻoe i kahi hohonu i lalo o ka lepo ma lalo o elima mau mika, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā keʻena hana e noho ai ma kahi o 20 mau kino.
28. Kino ke kino o ke kino ʻoi i ka eli ʻana, ua palaka ke kahakaha a me nā kīhaha lōʻihi, ke puʻupuʻu nei ka ʻāʻī a ma muli o ke kino nui, ʻo ia ke kau nei ma nā wāwae pōkole, paʻu i ka kino i loko o ka lepo.
29. hānau like nā kauā āpau i ka lā hoʻokahi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ʻia nā keiki ʻo nā kerub ma nā badger e hoʻomaka ana, a hoʻomaka ka ʻike maka e hoʻomohala ma waena o nā makahiki he 4 a 6 mau pule.
30. ʻO nā Badger ʻaʻole wale i kau i ko lākou wahi i ka hoʻoilo, akā ua hānai iā lākou iho. No laila, ʻo kā lākou moʻomeheu nui ka meli. Hoʻomāna maikaʻi lākou no ka manawa anu, ke hoʻonui nui ko lākou paona i kekahi mau manawa. A ʻaʻole wale ke aloha i kēia momona. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea āpau i nā papa, nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu.
31. I ka lōkihi, nā ʻano nā badger e like me nā wā like ʻole, akā ua like ʻole ke ʻano o ka wā male a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, he hopena o ka loli o ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi. No laila, ʻo ka helu ʻana o ka wahine hāpai, mai ka 271 mau lā (inā i hele ka moe ʻana i ke kauwela) a i ka 450 mau lā (inā i ka wā moe i ka hoʻoilo).
32. Hiki i nā wahine ʻōpio ke pahū kamaliʻi i nā makahiki he 2, ʻo nā kāne ma 3 mau makahiki.
33. Mai 2 a 6 ka hānau ʻana o nā pēpē: ma ʻEulopa - mai Kekemapa a ʻApelila, ma Rūsia - mai Malaki a ʻApelila. A hoʻomaka koke nā wahine.
34. Ua ʻoki ʻia ka ʻike o nā mea ʻōpiopio i ka makahiki 35-42 i nā lā, ma ʻekolu mau mahina ʻōpio ua hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻōpio ke loaʻa kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī.
35. Nā kuhi hewa i hūnā ʻia ma mua o ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, i ka wā hoʻoilo.
36. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea ʻino, ʻaʻole ia he hana maʻalahi. A no ka mea, ua alakaʻi kēia holoholona holoholona i kahi nohona nocturnal a makemake e hoʻohana i nā lā ʻona āpau i kāna lua. I ke kakahiaka, hiki iā lākou ke nānā a hiki i kahi o 8 oʻehā i ke ahiahi - mai 17-18.
37. Ua koho ʻo Badger i kahi kāne me ia e noho ana i kona ola a pau.
38. Ua nui ka mana o nā poʻe ma luna o kēia mau holoholona a hiki i ke ʻano maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi. Ma muli o ka hana waiwai, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pōpoki badger.
39. Akā ʻo ka haki ʻana o nā wahi kūlohelohe o nā ala i ke ala i ka nui o nā mea ʻino e make ana ma ke ala. Hoʻokomo ke kaomi maikaʻi i ka helu o ka hopu kino ʻana iā lākou no ka luku a me ka luku ʻana i nā lua.
40. ʻO kēia wale nō nā huaʻai i waena o nā marten i hānau no ka hoʻoilo. Ma ke ʻākau, hoʻomaka ka ʻeleʻele i ka hoʻoilo i loko o ʻOkakopa-Nowemapa a mau a hiki i Malaki-ʻApelila, ma ke kūkulu hema o ka pā i ka hoʻoilo, ke hoʻomau nei nā holoholona i ka holo ʻana o ka makahiki.
41. Hiki iā Badger ke holo i ka wikiwiki a kokoke i 30 km mau hola.
42. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pōʻino no ka poʻe, ʻo kāna ʻai e pili ana i nā invertebrates, nā pōpoki o ka ulu lāʻau a me ka mahiʻai, no ka laʻana, ka ʻōpala o ka pīpī Mei.
43. ʻO nā ʻili kino he maikaʻi ʻole; ʻo ka hulu hipa e hoʻohana ʻia ana i ka hana o nā bristles a me nā brushes, no ka laʻana, no ka palaki.
44. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hiki i nā mea maikaʻi ke hoʻomanawanui i nā maʻi ākea e like me ka rabies a me ka maʻi pāhiʻi holoholona.
45. ʻAʻole i hoʻonāukiuki nā Badger i nā poʻe wīwī a me nā kānaka, ma mua lākou e hūnā ai i nā lua, akā ʻo nā mea ʻinoʻino e kāwili pū me kona ihu a ʻāʻā ka mea lawehala ma mua o ka holo ʻana.
Pākuhi i kāna ʻoihana
46. He hōʻailona maikaʻi loa ʻo Badger. No laila, hōʻike ʻia ka holoholona i ka lole o ke kauā o ka ʻāina ʻo Meghreg ma ka Repubalika Karelia (ʻo ka mea nui "myagra" ʻo ia ka "badger"), a me ka palupalu o nā limahana o Kuytezh e noho nei i ka Repubalika o Karelia. Kuhi hewa e like me ka puaʻa i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kaʻe o nā lima o ke kūlanakauhale o Shenkursk.
47. Hana ikaika maoli ʻo Badger i ka hana. ʻO kāna mau pānaʻi paʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he hopena ma ka lepo, a me nā mea ola e noho nei.
48. Ma nā wahi he nui nā puka maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻomaka nā mea kanu ulu ʻē aʻe, e hoʻonui ana i ka biogeocenosis mosaic.
49. Eia kekahi, ua lilo nā lua o nā mea maikaʻi i nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻīlio raccoon a me nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe kahi e puʻe ai lākou mai ka ʻā, a me nā pōʻino a me nā kumu mālama.
50. Ma ka Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), ua kaukau ʻia ka badger he mau ʻano ʻano me ka hoʻoweliweli loa o ka luku. ʻO ia kahi maʻamau loa kēia ʻano, a he kūpaʻa kona lehulehu.
ʻAoʻolelo
ʻO Badger kahi hana ʻino i manaʻo ʻia i ke kino, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea i hoʻopiha ʻia o ka huaʻāina o nā ʻano mea maikaʻi. ʻO kahi holoholona ʻāwili iki ka holoholona liʻiliʻi, he ʻano hiʻohiʻona no nā ʻano. ʻO ke ʻano o kona kino like me kahi kahe a hoʻolala paha: ʻo ke kino kikoʻī i ke poʻo e ulu ana i ka huelo. ʻO ka badger he mau pōkole pōkole, kahi lako i hoʻopili ʻia me nā puʻupuʻu lōʻihi, e maʻalahi ana e wehe i ka lepo lepo. Ke hele nei, kau ka badger ma luna o kona wāwae āpau. ʻO ka hiʻona maikaʻi a me ke ʻano kūpono o ka honi e ʻae i ka badger e alakaʻi i kahi ola nocturnal.
ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka holoholona i ka 60-90 kenimika, ʻaʻole e helu ana i ka lōʻihi o ka huelo, ma kahi o 20 cm. He ʻano nui ka ʻano o ka holoholona me ka manawa: ma ka pō o ka lā hānau, ua kiʻekiʻe loa kona paona, no ka manawa hoʻoilo i ka holoholona e hōʻuluʻulu nui i ka momona. ʻO nā badger he ʻāʻī pōkole a me kahi puʻu elongated me nā maka liʻiliʻi a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa ka holoholona i kahi ʻuʻihi nui, kona hoʻomohala holomua i kāna mau kime zygomatic. ʻO 34 ka 36 mau helu o nā niho, he palupalu ka nui o nā niho, ua hoʻomāluulu ʻia i nā wahi pihi me nā alapine. Ma nā wāwae ākea o ka badger he ʻelima mau manamana lima me nā manamana liʻiliʻi e laka ana.
ʻO ka holoholona i kahi kapa loloa lōʻihi me kahi undercoat pōkole loa. ʻO ka huluhulu o ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino he ʻulaʻula-hina me ka paʻu kālā, ʻoi aku ka ʻeleʻele me ka poli, a me nā moʻo lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka manu o nā holoholona ʻelua o ka lōʻihi o ka lula, e ʻā ana mai ka ihu i ka pepeiao, ʻike maoli ʻia. ʻO ka keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo o nā pepeiao. ʻEleʻele ka ʻāʻī. ʻO nā lihilihi o ka badger he ʻeleʻele hoʻi. I ka hoʻoilo, he mau māmā ke nānā aku i nā māmā me ke kala i ke kauwela. Hoʻomaka ka Shedding i ka pūnāwai a hoʻomau i ka wā kauwela: ʻo ka hāʻule mua o ka undercoat, i Iune ke komo ʻana ke koena o ke kapa, a ma ʻAukake e hiki mai ana ka manawa no ka ulu o ka lauoho hou. ʻO ka hopena, ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka hulu hoʻoilo ma ʻOkakopa.
Hoʻoikaika a me ke ola maikaʻi
Makemake nā Badger i ka pō pōkiʻi, ʻoiai inā hiki iā lākou ke hālāwai ma mua o ka lā a i ke kakahiaka nui. ʻO ka pō ke hele nui aku nei ka holoholona no kāna mea ʻānai, a i ke ahiahi hoʻi hou aku nei i kona wahi hoʻoluʻu e moe ai i mua o ka pō. Aia kahi pākahi kanaka i ka nui a hiki i 525 heketea. ʻO nā mea kino e noho ana i ka mauna ʻākau e maʻamau i loko o ka ʻōpū. No nā mea ola e noho lōʻihi ana ma ke kūkulu hema i kahi nū mālie, ʻaʻole pono kēia. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, e kālai pū ka badger me ka honua a waiho i nā puka a pau a puka i ka puka. ʻAno ke hiamoe ʻo ia me ka hau mua, akā ʻaʻole kēia i ka hapakolu maoli: hoʻololi iki ka pāhuna o ke kino, moe mau ka hiamoe a ʻaʻole ikaika me ka awakenings maʻamau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka wā hoʻokō ʻana o ka lā hānau. I Central Russia, no ka laʻana, ka mea ia i loko o ʻApelila-Mei.
ʻO nā mea hewa loa he mea hana pilikino. Hiki i ka hui o kahi ʻohana maikaʻi ke kahaha i ka mea hoʻohui ʻike ʻike kūlohelohe. Ke hui nei o nā kānaka ʻelua mai ka ʻohana like me ka ʻano aloha no ka ʻalū ʻana ʻana i ke kua o ko lākou mau kino, e hōʻailona ana i kēlā me kēia me ko lākou ʻimi musia, kahi e maʻalahi ai ka ʻike ʻana i nā hoahānau ma hope. He wahi kūikawā ka ʻohana ma ka mea i mua o ka mea hana kino. Aia kahi alakaʻi i ka ʻohana - ke kāne aliʻi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ka manawa nui loa a paʻakikī. ʻAno kokoke ʻo ia ma ke kiaʻi, hōʻailona me ka musk e hōʻailona i ka ʻāina āpau a me nā poʻe ʻōpio. ʻO kāna mau kuleana e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻohana. Eia kekahi, ke kōkua ʻo ia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hana e hui pū ai, aʻo i nā ʻōpio kāne a hoʻopaʻi i ka poʻe i hahai ʻole i nā lula kaiaulu. Inā no kahi kumu o ka holoholona i ka nalo aku ma mua o 5-7 mau lā, a ua nalo ke kinikini musky i ka hālāwai o nā badger, a laila ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka mea laha i loko i ka hale o ka ʻohana.
Nā kikowaena ʻaukā i nā ʻōnaehana lalo. ʻO ka hohonu, me kahi hoʻolālā hale kūʻai, he nui ka nui o lākou i komo ai, nā kāmera, nā kamaʻilio, nā lua o ka hoʻopale pūnaewele. Hiki i ke kūlanakauhale Badger ke hōʻea i nā mau haneli a me nā haneli mau haneli hoʻi i ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā. Hiki i ka hohonu o kēlā mau hale noho a ʻelima mau ʻumi ma lalo. Inā ua koho ʻo Badger i kahi e noho ai, a laila i loko o kekahi mau makahiki, ua lilo kēia wahi i lilo i mea hana nui ma nā ʻāpana ʻāina. I nā ʻuʻu he mau lumi kūʻokoʻa no ka mālama ʻana i nā lako o nā meaʻai, nā alaka wai hoʻonaninani.
ʻAʻole noho ka poʻe hewa i nā kūlanakauhale. Nui ka poʻe he nui e noho wale ana a hoʻohana i nā heihei maʻalahi, me hoʻokahi keʻena hanana wale nō. Ua hoʻouka ka holoholona i ka mauʻu maloʻo a waiho i loko o kona home paʻa. He holoholona maʻemaʻe loa ka badger, hoʻomau ʻo ia i nā kiko o ka lua, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā mea pono ʻole mai ia wahi, e hoʻopili i ka ʻōpala lau nahele. Hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi lua i loko o kahi lua, akā naʻe ma kahi mamao loa mai ia.
Nā neʻe holoholona
Hoʻopili pinepine ka badger i kāna nohona a haʻalele iā ia mai kona lua i ka manawa o ka hunai a hōʻiliʻili i ka meaʻai. Ke ʻimi nei kekahi mau kānaka a i ʻole nā ʻohana o nā badger i nā wahi hou no ke ola kūʻokoʻa, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke koena o ke kaiāulu. A laila hele lākou, hoʻonohonoho i kahi noho i nā wahi liʻiliʻi.
Leo leo holoholona
Hiki i nā Badger ke hana i nā kani like ʻole. Ruhū lākou i ka wā e kiʻi ana. Hiki iā lākou ke ulu, ʻālaʻi, ka pākeke, ka squeak a i ke auhea ʻana. ʻO nā holoholona i kahi pōpilikia, a me nā wahine, i ka wā e moe ai, hiki ke hana i nā kani a i ʻole ka mea ʻā. I ka wā e makaʻu ai, kāhea nui nā mea hana kino I kekahi manawa hana ai kahi mea hewa i kahi ʻano o ka sniffling, a i ka wā e hiamoe ai ka holoholona e hana hewa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā leo kani i ka wā o ka hopu, interspecific hakakā a me ka wā moe.
Kaha hua ʻōlelo maikaʻi loa
ʻO nā subfamily o nā badger ka ʻekolu o nā genera: he badger, ke kelepona, a me nā mea hoʻomalu ferret. ʻO nā ʻano Badger maʻamau wale nō ka mea i hoʻohua mua ʻia i ka hua moʻomeheu. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau subspecies o ka badger i hana ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka noho ʻana. ʻO kekahi o lākou kekahi i maʻamau ma Western Europe, ʻo nā mea'ē aʻe - ma Sepania a me Pokukala, nā māka o ka subspecies ʻekolu e noho ana i ka ʻāina o Rūsia. Aia nā subspecies o ka holoholona i noho ma Iapana, Western Asia, Kina a me Tibet.
Range a me kahi noho o ka badger
Hiki ke loaʻa iā Barsukov ma nā wahi a pau loa ma ʻEulopa, koe wale nō nā ʻāpana ʻākau, kahi i kūleʻa ai ka ʻāina a ʻaʻole i kūpono no ka eli ʻana i ka lua - ma Finlandia a ma ka ʻaoʻao o Scandinavia. Noho ka poʻe ʻōpiopio ma Transcaucasia, ma Caucasus, ma Asia Minor a ma kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻĀina Komohana. ʻO kekahi o nā subspecies i loaʻa ma Iapana. No ka lilo ʻana o nā badger i kahi nui o ko lākou ola ma ka puʻu, koho lākou i nā wahi me ka lepo palupalu a me ka haʻahaʻa wai hohonu. ʻO nā wahi e noho ai lākou e ʻike ʻia ma nā pali, nā pali a me nā wahi me kahi ʻeke.ʻAe mau ʻūhā kūleʻa a me nā wāwae nui e hoʻolako ʻia i ka mea ʻino e hoʻokele maʻalahi me ka lepo maloʻo a hana i kahi hale ma laila. Noho ʻo Badger i ka wao nahele a me nā ulu lāʻau wili. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā kuahiwi mauna, ʻoiai ʻoi iki hoʻi i ka pinepine. Ma ka hema, e noho ana nā mea puhi ma ke kīkala a me nā wahi ʻoi. Akā kahi mea e pono ai no lākou ke hoʻokokoke o ke kaʻa - i kahi mamao ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma kahi o ka kilomita mai ke kahua.
He aha nā mea maikaʻi ʻino nā mea kīnā?
I ke kakahiaka, haʻalele nā mea ʻino i ko lākou mau home e kiʻi i kā lākou ʻai. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻono, nā leo hoʻolohe a me ka ʻike, e ʻae i nā badger e alakaʻi i kahi nohona huna. Nā ʻōpala maloʻo, nā lāʻau hāʻule i hāʻule - ʻo ia mau mea āpau o ke aʻo ʻana i kahi kiʻi he pō. I kahi hele hoʻokahi, hiki i kēia holoholona ke hopu i kahi mau baki ma kahi o nā poli. ʻO ka holoholona he manu he manu nui, ʻai ʻo ia i nā mea a pau āna i manaʻo ai he maikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ia ke makemake i ka hānai holoholona. ʻO ka papa maʻamau no ka badger i nā snails, slugs, nā pepeke me kā lākou pili. Hiki keʻai i nā wīwī, nā hua manu a me nā honu. Ma kahi liʻiliʻi iki, ʻai ʻo ia i nā rana, nā manu, nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā rodents, nā ʻīhi. ʻO nā meaʻai kanu, makemake nā badger i nā hua maloʻo a me nā huaʻai, nā pōpoki, nā huaʻai a me nā ʻūhā.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana marten, e like me ka wīwī, ka ʻona melemele, ua emi iki ka hāmeʻa o ka badger i ka meaʻai ʻai. Ua ulu maikaʻi nā Fangs, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā wahi masticatory o nā molars. ʻAʻole e hoʻouka nā Badger i nā holoholona nui, akā hiki iā lākou ke kūleʻa iā lākou iho a me ko lākou mokuna, e hoʻokele ana i nā mea predator he nui loa i ko lākou mau home. Ma ka manawa hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili ka badger i kahi papelena momona maikaʻi, kahi e pono ai e hoʻomākaukau no ka wā lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka momona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia, hiki i ke paona kino ke pālua.
Nā pilikia a me nā ʻenemi o nā mea kīnā ʻole
Mahalo i ke ola pilikino nocturnal, he liʻiliʻi nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, hiki iā ia ke peʻe i nā lua hohonu, a ʻaʻole kali ka holoholona pōloli iā ia i kekahi mau lā. Eia naʻe, nā mea koho, e like me nā ʻīlio, nā lynx, hōʻike pinepine i ka makemake i ko lākou mea noho, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wā o ka hibernation i ka mea hewa. Hiki i nā ʻīlio keʻokeʻo kahi pilikia i ka luna kino. Eia nō naʻe, noho ka poʻe badger i nā ʻohana nui, a hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻohana āpau, e hiki ai iā lākou ke pale i ko lākou ʻāina a hiki i kahi mea hoʻomaka. Pono kēia ʻano hana no ke ola ʻana i ka hihiu.
ʻO nā pōkole pōkole pōkole me nā pā loloa lōʻihi i ka hoʻopau ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo lepo lepo a me nā hale hoʻi. Ke hālāwai me nā poʻe a i ʻole nā mea ʻōmole paha, makemake nui ka badger i ka hūnā ma kona pūnana, akā i kekahi mau mea hiki ke huki aku i ka mea nāna e hoʻopā a hoʻohana paha i kāna mau claws lōʻihi, a laila e hoʻāʻo e peʻe.
Hiki i nā Badger ke hōʻeha mai i nā helminthiases a me nā maʻi maʻi pāpaʻi. ʻO ka pinepine, loaʻa nā holoholona i ka trichinosis. Hiki ke lilo ʻo Badger i mea lawe i nā pathogens o rabies a me nā maʻi pāpaʻi bovine.
ʻO kahi pilikia ʻē aʻe e hoʻomoe ai no ka holoholona hānai ʻana. Hiki i ke kumu o ka hopuʻana i ka lauoho holoholona a i ʻole nā momona momona. Akā ua hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona a me kā lākou mau lua i ka mālama i ko lākou mau kānaka ma muli o ka pōʻino o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi. I nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole i make ka holoholona, akā i hoʻoili ʻia no ka rabies i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Hoʻopilikia ka hana kanaka i kekahi mau pōʻino i nā mea kino: hiki iā lākou ke make mai nā mea pesticides a i ke alanui paha e hele ai nā pūnaewele ākea nā wahi maʻamau o nā badger. Eia kekahi, koi nā holoholona i ka hoʻololi i nā kūlana ola hou ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ko lākou mau home.
ʻO ka kau a me ka hua o nā mea hoʻohālikelike
Nā Badger i nā mea monogamous e hoʻopili i hoʻokahi manawa no nā makahiki he nui. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻo ka wā e moe ai i ke kau ʻana i nā makahiki badger i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ka hoʻoilo mua. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e moe ai i ke kāne, hoʻonaninani ʻia ka hana o kahi lewa kūikawā ma ke kumu o ka huelo, kahi e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ai ka wai me kahi ʻoni kūikawā. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Allocations i nā melemele ʻeleʻele o nā lauoho ma lalo o ka huelo. Hoʻomaʻikaʻi ʻo Badger i nā wahi āpau me kēia mea huna, e hele ma hope o kekahi, e hana pū kekahi i nā pāʻani hoʻokani.
Hōʻalo ka hānau a hānau keiki i nā pēpē i hiki i nā manawa like ʻole. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia e ka wahi o ka noho a me nā ʻano pilikino. No ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, he mau keiki nā Europa maikaʻi mai ka lā Dekemaba a ʻApelila, a ma Rusia hoʻi hānau ʻia nā pēpē ma mua o Malaki. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana i nā badger ma waena o 271 a hiki i 450 lā. I ka moe ʻana i ke kauwela, he pōkole ka lōʻihi o ka wā hāpai, akā inā he hanana i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, a laila ua pālahalaha ka manawa no ke kali ʻana. ʻO kēlā ʻano hoʻololi i ka manawa i loaʻa i nā ʻano o ke kino o ka holoholona - ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ke ʻano o ka hāpai ʻana.
E makaʻala loa nā holoholona i kā lākou keiki. Ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻoponopono ʻia nā cubes badger i ke ola kūʻokoʻa. He makapō a ʻole, pono ke kaupaona ʻana, ʻo 70,000 wale nō ka mika, a pono ke mālama mau ʻana mai ko lākou makuahine. Hoʻokahi mahina wale nō ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, wehe nā badger i ko lākou mau maka a ʻikea nā niho waiū. Hoʻohana ʻo ka wahine wahine ʻōpio i nā ʻāpana, lawe iā lākou no ka puhi wai, nā mākaʻi a kōkua i nā pēpē e lilo a makua a kūʻokoʻa, e aʻo pehea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai a kōkua i ka ʻohana e ola.
Ma ke kolu o ka mahina, pau ka makuahine i ka hānai i ka ʻōpio me ka waiū, hū nā niho o ko lākou niho mau, a ke hoʻololi nei lākou i ka hānai. I kēia manawa, ua emi ka nui o ka uluʻana o nā badger, akā loaʻa ko lākou momona ma o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka layer momona i ka wā hoʻoilo. I kāna hānau mua ʻana, e noho pū ana ka ulu ʻōpiopio me kona makuahine i kahi lua. Hiki i nā wahine ke ʻōpio ma o ka makahiki ʻelua, a ʻo nā kāne i hala ma hope o ʻekolu mau makahiki. I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, maʻamau ka hapa o nā ʻōpio wale nō. Ke ola nei ka poʻe i koe ma ke kūlohelohe a hiki i 10-12 mau makahiki. Ma ka hoʻo pio ʻia, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kēia manawa a ma kahi o 16 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kūlana loea a me ka waiwai lawaiʻa
Ma ka laulā, ke kūlana o kēlā mau ʻano e like me ka badger maʻamau ʻaʻole i manaʻo i ka hopohopo. Akā i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hopena ka hopena anthropogenic i ka hōʻemi o ka helu o kēia mau holoholona ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku nei, he nui nā mea kino e lawe ana i ka epizootics o rabies, akā i kēia manawa nā maʻi o ka maʻi i waena o kēia mau holoholona I kahi nui o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ua kāhea ʻia kahi kānāwai i nā ʻano mālama mālama i ka makaʻāina kino, kahi e ʻae ʻia nei kēia ʻano. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka nui o nā holoholona o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa a ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu, akā aia ma kekahi mau wahi a ka hana kanaka i kēia manawa ke kahe nei i ka helu o kēia mau holoholona.
ʻOiai ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka hulu badger no ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana o ka hulu, akā ʻoi aku ka palaki a ʻaʻole hoʻi he kumuhana nui. ʻO nā bristles badger hana i nā lūlū a me nā lūlū huluhulu. Hōʻele nā mea he nui holoholona i holoholona no ka ʻiʻo a me ka momona. ʻO ka momona ʻeha ma nā lāʻau lapaʻau e noʻonoʻo ʻia he mea pono no ka mea he mau huaora a me nā mea hoʻomehana olakino.
He hopena koʻikoʻi nā Badger i ka biogeocenosis. Nui ka nui o nā lua e hoʻopili i ka ʻano o ka lepo a me nā meaʻala e noho nei. Hana maikaʻi nā Badger me nā huaʻai he nui, e like me ka larb Maybug a me nā invertebrates maikaʻi ʻole. Akā hiki i kekahi holoholona ke hōʻeha i ka ʻohana ma ka piʻi ʻana i ka melon a i loko paha o ka māla waina. Ua kaulana nō hoʻi ulu nā mea aloha i nā nīnū manu e waiho i ka ʻōpū.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona momona o kahi palaka
ʻO kahi badger he mea wānana, a ʻo kāna ʻiʻo ke hele pinepine nei me nā helminths, e komo pū ana me trichinosis. ʻO kekahi mau manawa i loko o ka pāpā i hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike o nā mea huki - aloha i ka badger, ka mea e loaʻa iā lākou iho i loko o ka hale hoʻomaha me nā hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole o ka maʻi. Hiki i kahi holoholona ke lilo i kahu o nā rabies. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻai a me ka momona badger me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka loea kūikawā pono loa. Akā, inā e hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻopau i ka ʻiʻo exotic, pono e hoʻomoʻa ka kīʻaha i ka mālama wela ʻana, e kuke mau ana no ʻekolu mau hola.
ʻO ka poʻe i hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka ʻiʻo kino ke ʻano maikaʻi loa lākou, ʻoi loa ka paʻakikī. No ka mea ka loaʻa o ka ʻeke no ka mea maikaʻi i ka hāʻule, ʻo ka holoholona i kēia manawa ke hōʻiliʻili i nā waiwai nui o ka momona. No laila, ʻo kāna mea momona e lilo loa-calorie a me ka momona, pinepine pinepine i ka nui.
Heʻimi maikaʻi hewa
Hiki ke hopu ʻia Badger i loko o nā hale hānai mai Kepakemapa 1 a hiki i Nowemapa 15. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i kau ʻia ka pūlima no kēlā me kēia pālani ma kēlā me kēia wahi a ʻae ʻia kekahi pila. ʻIke ʻia ka lawaiʻa mai ke ala, ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana, ke hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea uila māmā, nā kahe, nā ʻīlio hopu. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā lole, nā ʻupena, e ʻae ʻia e ʻeliʻuku i kahi pūhaka liʻiliʻi i ka lua o ka mea hewa e kōkua i ka ʻīlio. Ma hope aʻe, pono e uhi ʻia kēia wahi me ka honua. Ma mua o ke koho ʻana i kahi ala o ka hunting, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā lula i kūpono ʻia i kekahi pae.
I ka wā o ka hopu ʻana i kahi pū maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kahi pū hoʻonaninani lōʻihi a i ʻole kahi mea kaua makehewa ʻole (kahi caliber - a 8 mm paha ke keʻena a hiki i 51 mm) ke hoʻohana ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka mea kaua me nā pale hoʻololi. Ke kuke nei i ka pōkā kino, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ka kalima o 5.6 mm ma lalo o ke ʻano pahu hopu uila.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻo Badger i kahi hopu no nā mea hopu. ʻO ka palaki kino ʻoi aku paʻakikī a ʻaʻole iʻoluʻolu loa i ka hoʻopā. ʻO kēia holoholona, ʻoiai e hoʻohana i nā meaʻai mea kanu, he mea hoʻoneʻe, no laila mea paʻakikī kona ʻiʻo a i ka manawa like pū ka momona. ʻO ka pilikia nui ʻo ka maʻi kino e hiki ke hopu i ka Trichinella. ʻO ka hoihoi ʻana i kekahi mau mea maʻi he mea ʻoi aku ka momona momona, ʻo ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he mau waiwai a hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā manaʻo aʻoaʻo no ka hānai holoholona keu keu kaukau
ʻO nā kumu nui o ka lawaiʻa no kahi lawaiʻa e hoʻomehana ana, ke huki, hiki ke hana no ka hūnā a hopu i nā holoholona. No ke koho huluhulu mua, kahi dachshund a i ʻole kekahi o nā ʻano terriers e kūpono ana. Pono ke kūleʻa i ka ʻīlio ʻana, hoʻomākeo a paʻakikī hoʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i kahi hoʻokūkū lōʻihi me ka mea hewa. Ma mua o ka hoʻopuni ʻana i kahi lua, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka ʻāina a me ka ʻike ʻo ka holoholona e hoʻohana i kēia pale. Hiki i nā mea hoʻonaninani hou o ka lepo a me ka hele ʻana o nā neʻe o ka ʻōpū i kahi kokoke e hiki ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka noho ʻana o ka holoholona.
I ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka manawa e ʻimi ai i kahi lua, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā leo a nā ʻīlio. Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana e huki i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka holoholona, akā pono ʻo ia e ʻeli ke kaomi ʻo ka ʻīlio i ka holoholona i loko o ka wahi make a ʻo kona kani ʻana e lohe ʻia mai kahi hoʻokahi. E ʻeli ʻia ka papa ʻana ma hope o ka ʻīlio, a laila kāpae ʻia. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi badger ola me kou mau lima. ʻO ka pōpoki o ka holoholona he pōʻino, no ka mea he mea lawe ʻo ia i ka rabies.
I ka wa e hoʻohana ai i nā paʻu, pono lākou e hana mua e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻala. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka paʻakai mai ka samovol me ka acetone, a laila hoʻolapalapa ʻia i ka kalo coniferous. Hoʻohana pinepine ka kahi ʻōwili i kahi pānaʻi ʻāwa 5 me nā pūnāwai ʻelua. Hoʻomumu ʻana o nā mokulele ma kahi kokoke i ke komo ʻana i ka lua, kahi ma nā wahi alanui i hele ai ka mea hewa i ka hale hoʻomaha a e ʻai ai paha. ʻO ka "palekela" kahi maʻamau "maʻamau ka manawa o ka hale o hoʻokahi haneli mai ka hale a loaʻa ke ʻano o ke kaumaha liʻiliʻi.
He pono e pono i ka hunter e ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻalā o ka badger. He mea hoʻomanaʻo iki paha i ka bea, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā lōlani o ka badger he ākea loa (5-6 cm), loaʻa nā manamana lima ʻelima, aia ma kahi kuʻekuʻe ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka paʻi. Hoʻomaopopo nā hōʻailona claw. Inā holo ka holoholona i kahi pahuhele, kāpili nā kāpili i hope i mua. Me ka neʻe lohi, he mahele ka uhi ʻana, no laila e ʻike maopopo ʻia nā laina pālua o nā kīʻaha, nā manamana lima me ke ʻano o kahi kuʻekuʻe kuʻi.
Hoʻomaka ka hana me nā huskies i ka manawa mua a lawe ʻia e ka hui o nā mea maʻi. Ua hoʻi ʻia nā ʻīlio i nā holoholona e hoʻi ana mai ka hānai i ka pō. ʻO kekahi mau mea lawaiʻa e kali ana i nā holoholona ma ka lua. E neʻe i loko o nā lua me ke kuʻi lāʻau a i ʻole nā pulu wai. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua o ka ʻīlio i hōʻino i ka mea hewa e ʻimi e maluhia i kona home. A lohe ke kolohe e hele mau ana ka ʻīlio ʻana e ka ʻīlio, hele maila ia ma kona leo a kāki i ka holoholona i alakaʻi ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o kahi badger mai kahi hitch i hana ʻia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lua noho. Mālama ka mea huluhulu i nā lee i ʻelua mau kapeka haneli mai ka puka i ke ana o ka pū maikaʻi. Pono ʻoe e hana i kēia ma ke ao e hiamoe ai ka holoholona ma hope o ka piʻi ʻana o ka pō. ʻO kahi koho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi hale mālama hale ma kahi lāʻau. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi ʻike maikaʻi a hoʻonui i nā manawa i hele ʻole ʻia. I kahi hale noho hoʻomākaukau hoʻomākaukau pono ai ʻoe e hele i ka hapalua hola ma mua o ke kakahiaka. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mahina ma ka mahina ʻula ma mua o ka mea pana, i hoʻomālamalama ʻia ka wahi o ka hopu me kahi kukui a i ʻole nā mea ʻona ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole wale kēia e kōkua i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka pana kiki, akā ua hōʻole pū ka mea hewa i haʻalele i kona wahi.
Ke koi nei i ka puʻukū pono i kahi hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi, no laila, inā ʻaʻole ka poʻe lawaiʻa loio i ka lawaiʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kōkua o kahi huntsman a i ʻole ʻoihana loea i aʻo mua i nā ʻano o kēia holoholona hihiu. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i kekahi o nā nuances kūleʻa a me ke kānāwai, no ka mea pono ka lawaiʻa ʻana no kahi palaka ʻaʻole e hūnā ma mua o nā palena paʻa.
