- ʻO Swordsmen (lat.Xiphophorus) he ʻano iʻa o ka bead-finned iʻa ka ʻohana Pecilius (Poeciliidae) o ke kauoha Carp-like (ʻo cipinodontiformes).
Hāʻawi ʻia i nā wai wai o Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras) a me Mexico. Hoʻololi ka kala i ka ʻeleʻele i ka lemon.
Nui nā mea punahele ma waena o nā aquarist.
Nā manaʻo e pili ana (hoʻomau)
ʻO kēia ʻatikala e pili ana i ka iʻa akuarium, kaulana nō hoʻi ʻo goby mandarin duck. No nā ʻano wai ʻala karnivorous i kapa ʻia ʻo Chinese perch, e ʻike i nā ʻano Kīkika. ʻ Mandarinlelo Kino (ʻ :lelo Latin: Synchiropus splendidus) he mau iwi iʻa liʻiliʻi ʻia nā iʻa mai ka ʻohana Lyre (Callionymidae).
Inā mākou e lawe i ke ʻano o ka iʻa akuola o ka iʻa aku no ka mea hoʻolaʻa. E kaukaʻi ʻia i ka papa inoa o B. Posekert (Kelemānia), e wehewehe ana i nā iʻa waiʻala wai hoʻohuihui. ʻAʻole lawa wale nā iʻa i nā hui a i ʻole genera. ʻAʻole ʻo nā iʻa ʻōpio āpau i ka papaʻaina, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia nā mea he nui i loko o ka hale aku a inā he lawaiʻa lākou (no ka laʻana, ʻo nā pika viviparous).
Kāne hiʻohiʻona
Kūpono kēia mau iʻa mai ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia a loaʻa i nā wai o Honduras, Mekiko a me Guatemala. Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea pahi kaua manu e kahi kala ʻekele, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pōhaku aku aku. Hiki i ke Xiphophorus hellerii ke noho i ka holo a me ka wai pū, i nā wahi e nui nā algae a me nā pepeke.
He nānā nui ka Xiphophorus hellerii - ke kāne ka nui o ke kino o 10-11 cm, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine - 12 cm, liʻiliʻi nā ʻelele o ka aquarium. Loaʻa ke ola i ke pio: 3-5 mau makahiki. Hiki i ʻokoʻa ke kino kino o ke kino - ma nā spimimens i loko, nā ʻona a me nā ʻoni ʻoniʻoni melemele, i nā kāne a kū i kahi kao lōʻihi. ʻUlaʻula, uliuli, ʻulaʻula, nānā, ʻeleʻele - kēlā me kēia mau pahikaua hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻekena home.
Hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moʻokalaleo: ma ka pili caudal o ka wahine ʻaʻohe ona maka o lalo i ke ʻano o kahi "pahi", ʻo ke kāne nona ia. ʻO ke kāne ka pulu anal a hoʻopuni ʻia i loko o kahi "tube" (gonopodia). ʻO ka wahine anal wahine a hoʻopuni a laulā. Ma muli o ka nele o nā chromosom moe aʻai, i nā manawa he poʻe kānaka ʻenemi ke hoʻololi i ka moe - nā wahine wahine i ulu i lalo i ka lā o ka huelo, a e nānā i nā wahine ʻē aʻe.
E nānā i ke wikiō kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea pahikaua.
Nā rula hui
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono o ka ʻĀpana maʻa e hiki ai i ka iʻa ke: wai: 22-26 ° C, acidity 6.5-7.5 pH, paʻakikī - ʻelemakule 5 a 15 °. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka mālama piha ʻana e ka kānana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kānana o loko, kūloko o ka hebedoma 20% o ka wai me ka wai hou a maʻemaʻe. Hoʻomaopopo e pani i ka pahu me kahi uhi - ʻoi loa ka poʻe pahi kaua a holo aku.
ʻO nā mea kanu a me nā lau liʻiliʻi a kūpono paha no ka hoʻolālā: elodea, cryptocoryne, anubias, echinodorus, arrowhead, wallisneria a me nā mea'ē aʻe. E like me ka lepo, ʻili a a i nā ʻili paha ke kūpono. E hoʻonoho i nā keʻena he nui i loko o ka pahu wai a hiki i nā wahine ke hūnā mai ke kolohe kāne.
Pono e hānai nā holoholona hānai: hāʻawi i ke ola olaila, ka maloʻo, maloʻo a me nā mea kanu kanu. I ka kaiāulu kūlohelohe, ʻai ʻia nā Swordsmen i nā mea kanu a me nā algae, no laila ʻo ka mea momona i ka meaʻai ka mea nui i nā meaʻai maikaʻi. ʻO Xiphophorus hellerii ʻai i ke koko, tubule, corotra, cyclops, daphnia, artemia, pepeke pepeke, lettuce a me ka spinach, e hānai me ka spirulina. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā poli lūlū, nā mea ʻapo umu.
E nānā i ka ʻohana poʻe pahi kaua.
Nā Manuia
ʻO ka Red Swordsman kahi ʻano mānoʻomaʻo o ka Green Swordsman a me Red Pecilia. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka pua nani o nā pauna, ua loaʻa ka puaʻa ʻulaʻula ma muli o kahi koho koho maikaʻi o nā pākeke. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka iʻa he maʻalahi, maʻalahi ia i ka aquarium laulā. ʻO ka mahana o ka wai no ka mālama: 22-25 ° C, waikawa 6.5-7.5 pH, ʻo ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.
The Black Swordsman is a uri of the Green Swordsman and Black Pecilia. Loa ke kino a olakino ke kino, he alaula ka ʻāpana o nā unahi, he shimmers ia me ka ʻāpana polū. Noho poloka nā maka me kahi haumanaʻeleʻele. Hōʻeu nui ka hānai ʻana i kēia hua, no ka mea hiki i ka wahine ke kiʻi i ka melanosis - pigmentation nui o ka ʻili. I kekahi manawa he wahine hupua i ka maʻi, no laila ke pālahalaha ka hānai me nā pā wai kūpono. I mea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻonaninani ʻana o ka ʻano, ʻaʻole pono ke hele ʻia nā wahine me nā kāne o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa nā specimens nani me ke kaʻo ʻana o ke kaila i kahi mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā pecilia ʻeleʻele.
Loaʻa iā Calico Swordsman - kona inoa i ka mahalo i nā kala ʻāpana o nā unahi. Hōʻalo ʻia nā pōpoki ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo ma kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. He pilikia ka maʻi ʻili - ʻoi loa ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻohou i ka kala calico. I kēia manawa, ho'āʻo nā mea aquarium i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōhaku o Pecilia a me "pahi" e loaʻa ai ka hopena maikaʻi loa, akā a hiki i kēia manawa ʻaʻole lākou i kūleʻa.
ʻO Rainbow Xiphophorus hellerii he ʻano māla pua i loaʻa ma o ke kū ʻana ʻana i nā pōkoki Bulgaria keʻokeʻo. ʻAno-ʻulaʻulaʻula ke kala o nā unahi, me kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, ʻike ʻia nā palahalula ʻulaʻula. Kuhi ʻia nā poli i kahi kala ʻulaʻula.
ʻO Tiger red-speckled Xiphophorus hellerii - ua ulu ʻia ka heihei i nā makahiki 40 o ke kenekulia iwakālua ma Moscow. ʻAno ke kala o nā unahi, aia nā ʻeleʻele e pili ana i laila. ʻO ka lohi ma lalo o ka huelo he lōʻihi, lōkeke ka melanosis. I ka wā hoʻoulu ʻia, e aʻo ʻia ʻaʻole e koho i ka iʻa me nā pua caudal ʻeleʻele maʻamau a me kahi ʻāpana pre-caudal ʻeleʻele.
ʻOka wehewehe, ʻike
I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā iwakālua hānai iwakālua, ʻike nui ʻia i ka ʻili kino kino a me nā nui lahilahi. ʻAno lalo ka kino o nā iʻa, elongated, i hoʻoluʻu ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. ^ E Ha yM. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne, a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi.
Aia ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa wahine ʻōpiopio ma waena o 12-15 cm, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kāne ka mea e like me 8.5-12.0 cm.Ko ka manawa o ke kino holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻano kūlohelohe a me nā mea he nui o nā ʻano honu, aia kahi kiko o ka poni ʻulaʻula me kahi kala pinkish. ka hoʻopoho ʻana, me nā ʻāpana kūlike i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Ua kahuhulu ʻia ka pae waha a ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻai mai ka papa luna o ka wai.
He hoihoi! ʻO nā mea aku a me nā kānaka hoʻokoe i nā mea kūlohelohe kūlohelohe he mau ʻokoʻa i kā lākou kala.
ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o ka iwi me ka elongated a me ke aʻalolo, xiphoid haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka caudal fin i ke kāne. ʻO kahi inoa maʻamau o kēia ʻano e pili ana i kahi ʻano kī like ʻole. ʻO ka kala o ka iʻa kūlohelohe hiki ke hōʻike i ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻulaʻula paha.
I ka wahine, ʻo ke kala o nā palalima a me ke kino, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpili a me nā nondescript. ʻOi aku ka loko o ka aquarium i loko o ka ʻōniʻoniʻo, no laila ke keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula, brownish a ʻeleʻele, a me nā leo calico i lanakila. Hiki nō hoʻi i ke ʻano o nā pua, i hiki ke pale, lyrebird a me ka ʻili.
ʻO Habitat, noho
ʻO ka ʻūhā nā iʻa mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻelele o nā ʻano mea i loko o ka muliwai a me nā loko wai o Mexico, Goduras a me Guatemala. Aia nā mea hao i ka wai i loko o ka wai nui a me ka kahe ʻana o nā wai, a me kekahi manawa ma nā puke liʻiliʻi a i ʻole hana ʻia i nā hana hydraulic i hana ʻia.
I ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmālua, ua hoʻopuka ʻia kahi iʻa ʻano nani a meʻehā i Europa, kahi i lilo koke ai i mea kaulana loa e like me ka holoholona hihiu. Ma hope iki, ua hele mai nā kānaka pahi kaua i Rūsia. I kēia manawa, hoʻopaʻa paʻa nā luna o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i ka iʻa me ka iʻa kaulana kaulana a me ka maikaʻi.
Hōʻahaʻi ʻia ka Swordfish e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa meʻa.. ^ E Ha yM. Akā, pono e hoʻokokoke pono kekahi i nā pilikia o ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pākona lāʻau, e noʻonoʻo pono i ka ulu ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻano o nā ʻano o nā mea ʻokiʻoki, a koho pū i ka ʻai kūpono.
Pono i ka mahana o ka wai ma ka loko aku ka 22-26 ° C me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i 15 ° C. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka wai kū kaona ma waena o 8-25 ° dH me kahi kaila o 7-8 pH.
Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka mākona, ka moʻo
Aia ka huaʻōlelo i ka ʻāpana o ka iʻa nui, no laila ʻo ka nui o ka ʻona o ka aquarium he 50 lita. I ka manawa like, pono ka nui o ka aquarium no ka mālama i nā pahi kaua. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole pono e hana nā poʻe pelekane e hana i nā kūlana kūikawā, akā ʻo ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana wai maikaʻi loa ʻo ia ka hōʻoia nui no ka mālama pono o kēlā mau holoholona.
He hoihoi! Pono e uhi ʻia kahi pākana me nā pahi pahi me kahi uhi, ʻo ia ka mea no ka nimbleness a me ka nui o ka hana o ka iʻa e hiki ke lele aku.
Pono ka Swordfish i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa me ka wai hoʻoneʻe kiʻekiʻe wai, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi loli hebedoma i kahi o ka hapaha o ka nui e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no kēlā iʻa. Pono he mea pono ʻole ka nui o ka mau kahu ʻai helu, no laila ʻaʻole pono nā loli wai pinepine pinepine.
ʻOluʻolu mālie ka iʻa inā aia nā mea ola i loko o ka hale aku, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e vallisneria, echinodorus, cryptocoryne, richchia a me ka duckweed, maʻalahi ka hoʻohiwahiwa i ka nohona kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole kūpono loa e hoʻolako i nā wahi pahuhopu no nā mea pahi, no laila keʻike ʻia e hāʻawi i ka iʻa me ka nui o ka wahi no ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
He ʻano hoʻohālikelike
ʻO ka poʻe Swordsmen ma waena o ka iʻa ʻoi aku ka maluhia a me ka maluhia, akā ʻaʻole ke aʻo ʻana i nā loea i ka hoʻonoho ʻana i nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano me ka spimens a me ka liʻiliʻi loa. Ua hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā kānaka aquarium liʻiliʻi e kēia ʻano. Me nā hoalauna e like me ka nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano kūlike, nā ʻenekeli pana aku, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole i komo hakakā.
Pono hoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka iʻa aku loko he ʻano melancholy a alakaʻi i ka maʻi maʻalahi, ka ola luhi, nā pākeke pahuhopu i mea maikaʻi. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mau kāne o kēia ʻano, he ʻano like ʻole kēia me ka ʻike ʻole o nā ʻelele iʻa, me nā wahine. Hiki i nā poʻe Swordsmen ke launa me ka pecillia, ka guppies a me nā mollies, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia i nā ʻāpana me nā cichlids o ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAmelika, nā astronotuses a me Akars. Maʻalahi ʻo ka poʻe Swordsmen e hui pū me nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana cyprinid, e pili ana i ke koi carp, ke gula a me ka zebrafish liʻiliʻi.
He hoihoi! Ma nā hale liʻiliʻi i loko o nā hale liʻiliʻi he nui ka mea pahuhopu i hui pū ʻia, me ka nui o ka ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau wahine ʻelemakule kāne maikaʻi no kēlā me kēia kāne makua.
ʻO ka nui o nā kalapu, a me ka mea iʻa gula, nā mea hoʻoneʻe, no laila maʻalahi lākou e luku a hiki i ka pākeke a me kahi pahi kaua nui. ʻAʻohe hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia mea no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā barbs, nā mea huki a me nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi, i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, i nā mea hoʻohana.
ʻO nā pahi kaua a me nā guppies, kahi i hānauʻia i ke kō i ke ala viviparous, he like a me ka like me nā ʻano like. I kēia hihia, hōʻemi mau ka nui o ka make ma kahi pahu aku o ka nui.
Diet, meaʻaiʻai
Pēlā kākaha poʻe kiʻiʻōlelo i nā mea e ʻai ai. ^ E Ha yM. Kahi ʻia ka iʻa hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka maikaʻi i ka ʻai ʻana, no laila, maʻamau me ka leʻaleʻa i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai a me ka meaʻai maloʻo ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia e nā granule, cereal a me nā kokoleka, me ka ola a hoʻōla ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā kahe, ke keleheʻe a me ka daphnia. Kohi ʻia nā meaʻai e nā iʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka wai o ka aku ka loko o ka wai o loko o ke kai, a me ka waiho ʻana ma ka papahele a i ʻole a hāʻule i lalo.
ʻO ka papa ʻaina o nā Swordsmen pākahi e pono e hoʻopili i ka mea hānai huamina, aia paha ma ke ʻano o ka pīpī a i ole granule paha me ka belulina a i ʻole nā al alau. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi loa mai nā pā o aquarium, nā mea kanu hiʻona a me nā mea hoʻonaninani e makemake nui e ʻai i ka iʻa o kēia ʻano. ʻO ka mea o nā kīʻaha hoʻohuihui e pono e kūlike a kūpono hoʻi i ka ʻokoʻa.
Nui! Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i ka wā e kūʻai aku i ka ʻai maloʻo no ka iʻa, pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka lā o ka hana a me ka noho pāola, no laila pono ke kūʻai aku i ka ʻai kaupaona.
ʻO nā mea punahele a kaulana kaulana no ka iʻa o ka meakanu o kēia ʻano e hōʻike ʻia e nā neʻe maloʻo maikaʻi. Hoʻohana maikaʻi a ʻo ka huahana "Tetra". ʻO ia mau ʻano ʻaina i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea ʻai pilikino no kekahi mau ʻano o ka iʻa, a me nā mea ʻai loea ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka kala. ʻO nā mea nui e ʻike ʻia nā meaʻai kūpono no ka hānai ʻana i ka palaoa.
Pahu a keiki
ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā pahi kaua he hana maʻalahi. ʻIke ʻia kēia iʻa ma ka wā kamaliʻi i nā makahiki ʻeono. Hōʻailona ʻia ka pīpī i loko o ka wahine, a hānau ke pēpē i piha o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa.
Nui! I lalo o nā kūlana o ka wai nui a me ka mahana o ka wai ma ka pae o 26-27 ° С, ka hānau keiki i nā wahine Sword bearers hiki ke kokoke i ka mahina.
Nā maʻi male
ʻO ka Swordsmen ka mea iʻa ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa ʻoi aku ka hiki ke hoʻomanawanui no ka hiki ʻana i nā kūlana paʻakikī, akā ʻo ke kī i kā lākou mālama pono ʻana, ʻo ia ka hōʻoia i nā kūlana kūpono, ka wai hoʻokaʻina kiʻekiʻe a me kahi meaʻai e pono ai.
Hoʻopā ka poʻe Swordsmen i nā maʻi maʻamau o nā iʻa akuʻa, a ʻaʻohe nā nuances a me nā hiʻohiʻona i kā lākou mālama ʻana. ʻO ke ola o nā pahuhopu kūloko ma o ke ʻano maʻamau o ka aquarium standard, nona ka mahele o ka lōʻihi, no laila e hana ʻoe i nā kūlana ola maikaʻi, ʻo ia mau iʻa e ola paha a hiki i ke ʻelima makahiki.
Nā mea nona ka manaʻo
ʻOkoʻaka pahuhopu kākoiālele a pāʻani wale ʻia i nā mea nona nā holoholona like ʻole me kahi ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.. ^ E Ha yM. He mea maʻalahi kēlā holoholona i ka ʻano o ka holoholona, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻonaninani a hoʻonui ʻia, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ke kumukūʻai maʻamau maʻamau.
He hoihoi! Hiki i nā wahine o ka mea pahikaua ke hoʻololi i kā lākou kāne i ka haʻalele ʻana o nā kāne, ʻaʻole loaʻa kēia hiʻohiʻona i nā kāne.
Wahi a ka poʻe aquarist, ʻo ka hiki o ka poʻe pahikaua ke hui pū me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hoʻomokuʻu like a me ka hana hou ʻana i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa he mau pōmaikaʻi e makemake ai i kēlā mau ʻelele o ka iʻa ʻano lawaiʻa Ray-finished.
Kāleka
ʻO kahi kākākō pah kekahi i kahi huelo mua - ma ke ʻano o ka pahi. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano hoʻohanohano i ka inoa i ka iʻa. Hiki i ka lāʻehā ke kuʻi a ʻō paha, no (fork swordsmen) - i ke ʻano o nā kumu. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, ma nā ʻaoʻao - pāwī. ʻO ka lole kala ka mea ʻokoʻa: ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele. Hele kekahi o ke kino o ka iʻa kahi ʻāpana, a me nā pua - no kekahi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne. Akā ke ʻano o ke kala o nā kāne. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i ka wahine ma ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū caudal: i ke kāne, he wili.
Ke ʻano ole o ke ʻano o ka waha, puhihi iki ʻia, me ka maʻalahi i ka iʻa e ʻai i ka meaʻai mai ka wai o ka wai.
Mīkini Mīkini
Nui kahi ʻano like ʻole o kona mau ʻelele i ka pena a me ke ʻano o nā pū.
- ʻĀpana Kūʻai: ʻulaʻula, me kahi ʻulaʻula a me kekahi mau ʻōniʻomaʻi kukui ma ke o ka hiapo, kahi pahi me kahi palena ʻāpana.
- Citric: he manu maoli maoli kēia, akā he albino me kahi pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pilikia ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia ʻano ʻano, "nā keiki" ʻaʻole mau i ka haki i ka hana a nā mākua.
- Keokeo keokeo: nā albino, ʻoi wale nō ka mea e kūpaʻa loa i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai.
- ʻEleʻele: kahi puaʻa o kahi iʻa pecilia ʻeleʻele a me kahi pahi mākeke. ʻEleʻele, ʻeleʻele a ihi a uliuli paha.He pilikia kēia hana ma muli o ka maʻi i nā maʻi o nā ʻano ma muli o ka nui o ka puaʻa.
- ulaʻula: loaʻa e ke kāʻei ʻana i nā pecilia ʻulaʻula a me kahi pahi kaua me ka ʻoni uliuli.
- Chintz: ʻokoʻa ke kala he ʻekolu ʻāpana - ma ke keʻokeʻo (koʻokoʻo) ke kī he nui nā wahi ākea o ka ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻulaʻula.
- Kao: kahi hina-hina me kahi pua lahilahi, nā ulaula ʻulaʻula i ke kino.
- Brindle: ʻulaʻula me nā ʻeleʻele uliuli, a ʻeleʻele ka pahi kaua. ʻOiai ke ākea o ka ʻeleʻeleʻele, iʻa ʻia ka iʻa o kēia ʻano maʻi i nā maʻi i kumu ʻia e ka nui o ka puaʻa.
- He mauna: melemone, me kahi pailaʻaiʻai. Ma nā ʻaoʻao nā zigzag mau kākā kala o kahi kala laka a me nā hoki.
Nui nā ʻano he nui ma ke ʻano o ka hana hoʻoulu. O kahi laʻana:
- Hewa Kanaka Nui,
- ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele
- Lyrebird,
- ʻEleʻele a keʻokeʻo
- ʻLelo o Gehena
- The tuxedo,
- Koi
- Berlin
- Montezuma
- Evelyn,
- Wenekia,
- Simpson.
Ke hana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka papahana kala o ka iʻa a ma ke ʻano o nā pua. Eia nā hua pua i kū ʻia ma waena o nā kānaka pahuhina i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i nā hoʻoikaika ʻana a ka poʻe hīnaʻi. Aia kekahi iʻa me ka ʻelua (ma mua o hoʻokahi) ʻoi.
He mea hoihoi loa a ʻaʻole pū me ke komo ʻana o ka mea hoʻopihapiha, hiki i ka poʻe pahi kaua keʻoluʻolu me nā mea kahaha. Inā iʻa iʻa i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i ka ʻakuna, a laila hiki i kā lākou hōʻano hou ke hāʻawi i nā spimensia kupaianaha me kēia hiki ʻole ʻike mua. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻoponopono hou i nā makana o ke ʻano e like me ka nānā hou, ʻoiai ʻo ka mālama kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe
ʻO ke kūlana kūlohelohe o ka iʻa ʻo ʻAmelika a me Central America. ʻO nā ʻāina e like me Guatemala, Mexico, ʻo Honduras hoʻi. He ʻokoʻa loa nā nāolaʻa i loaʻa i ka hoʻoulu ʻana: nā kahe kaʻa wikiwiki i ke kuahiwi a me nā pū wai kīnā ʻole ʻia, nā wai hou a koʻikoʻi. He mea nui ia hohonu ka loko, e like me ka mea liʻiliʻi, momona i nā mea kanu like ʻole, nui nā mea ola a me nā algae e pono ai e hānai i ka poʻe pahi.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pā i nā mea aku a nā mea aku no ka mea aku: 10 cm - kāne, 13 cm - wahine (i ke ana ʻana i kahi kāne, ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka "pahi kaua").
Eia kekahi mau holoholona kūlohelohe e kū nei:
- ʻOihana ʻoniʻoni o Cortes,
- Nā Micromy,
- Clementia
- Montezuma.
Aʻikepili i ka ʻike
ʻOiai ka leʻaleʻa o ka poʻe pahi kaua, hoʻomake a mālama iā lākou i loko o ka wai me ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e pono ʻole: e hoʻoweliweli nā mea nui i nā mea liʻiliʻi. Eia nō hoʻi, he koho ʻole ke koho ʻana o kahi kamaʻāina me ka iʻa iʻa ʻole - hiki i kā lākou poʻe pahi kaua, ke kīʻī lākou i nā pāʻani.
I kekahi manawa hiki i ka pilikia ke mālama i nā kahu kāne kāne. ʻAʻohe launa ʻole lākou i kekahi, i ke alakaʻi ʻana a i ka hakakā. Aia kahi ala ma waho o kēia kūlana: e noho i loko o hoʻokahi "hale" i hoʻokahi kāne me ka "harem", a i ʻole he "kolamu" a ʻekolu a keu paha kāne, a laila ʻaʻole e kuhikuhi ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka mea pahikaua i ka hoa hoʻokahi, a e emi nui ka pae hakakā.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa o ka "ʻohana" hoʻokahi kāne a he ʻelua - ʻekolu ʻōpio wahine (ʻaʻole lawa, hoʻokahi pono, hiki i kona haku ke holo i kahi "kahalula mau".
Pono makemake ʻo Aquarium e loaʻa kahi ʻano ākea, elongated. Ka helu - mai 50 lita a ʻoi aku. Kuhi ʻo kēlā me kēia iʻa ka liʻiliʻi o ʻekolu mau wai o ka wai, a he koho kūpono ia. Pono ka lōʻihi o kanakolu kenimika ka lōʻihi o ka hale aniani.
ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi ka ʻōhumu a me ke kala ʻana o ka lepo (hiki i kēia ʻāpana ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, ke one) ka mea nui nui, no ka mea ʻākoakoa ʻia nā iʻa ma waena ma nā ʻaoʻao o luna o ka wai. Akā e pono ka nui o nā mea kanu, me kekahi mau ʻano o nā palupalu, nā pā hale - no nā poʻe pahuhopu he mea nui kēia.
Ua emi ka nui o ka wai mai ka 18 a hiki i ka 26 tikelika, kāna paʻū (7-8 pH) a me ka paʻakikī (8-25 dH), ʻaʻole i emi nui ka nui.
HOOLAHA: oi aku o ka loli o ka wai o ka wai, ma o ke kumu he 0.3 mau la, i hiki ai i ke la hookahi, ke hiki no ke luhi i na kamaaina o ka oakui. E hoʻomau i kahi pH paʻa.
Pono ka wai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe, pono e hoʻololi ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i hoʻokahi pule (ma kahi o kahi hapakolu o ka huina o ka nui e hoʻohuli ai). Eia kekahi, pono kahi kānana (i lawa ka kānana kūloko) a me ke koina (pono hoʻi e nalowale ke kiki inā ʻaʻole nui ka nui o ka aquarium "overpopulated").
ʻO ka iʻa ʻano Viviparous, e like me kāu e ʻike nei, ʻoluʻolu i loko o ka wai paʻaki, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole pono no nā kānaka ʻimi e noho i kēia ʻano - ʻike lākou i kahi "home" i ka wai hou.
No ka hoʻomālamalama nui, hāʻawi ʻia kahi hana koʻikoʻi i nā "ʻōmaʻomaʻo": ʻo ka mea kanu e kahe ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai e hāʻawi i ka ʻikepili kūpono - ka mālamalama līlū ʻia a lilo i keʻena no ka palaoa no ka wā e kolo mai ai ka iʻa.
ATTʻE: ʻo kekahi mau kāne kāne nīwī i kekahi manawa i kahe i ka wai. I mea e pale ai i ka pilikia, e uhi i ka ʻikena me ke aniani.
A mai poina e leʻaleʻa iā ʻoe iho - e hoʻonani i ka aquarium i kou ono. No ka laʻana, hoʻokomo i kahi pepa me kahi moana i ka hope o ka aquarium, kau i kekahi mau trinkets mau mua e like me amphoras antik. No laila he mea leʻaleʻa a hoihoi i kou makemake e hahai i ke ola o nā kaola aquatic.
Hānai
ʻO ka mālama, mālama a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka iʻa hiki ʻole me ke kīpono ʻole. E pono e ʻōleʻa ke papa ʻaina: ola a me nā meaʻai a ka ʻai, nā kō. Pono nā meaʻai o nā mea kanu i mea kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka mea i loko o ko lākou mau ʻano kūlohelohe i nā iʻa ʻōpala palupalu, e hoʻāʻo e kūʻai i nā mea iʻa no ka iʻa me ka mea kanu. Kūleʻa nā mea hōʻike i ka hoʻowalewale i ka papaʻai me ka pīkī iʻa a me ka iʻa, ʻoki haʻahaʻa, ʻaina moa, ʻaina maloʻo.
Eia kekahi mau huahana o ka hānai kūpono no nā ʻikena.
- maloo
- ʻono
- noho ʻana (kahe koko, cyclops, tubule, daphnia, artemia).
Inā pono ka mea nona ka iʻa i ka huakaʻi hele pāʻoihana ʻoihana, hiki i nā mea pahuhopu ke ola me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau pule. E hoʻohana lākou i ka fouling i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā lau o nā mea kanu a ma ka aniani o ka hale akuʻa e like me ka meaʻai, ʻai i nā snails liʻiliʻi, me ka haʻalulu mua iā lākou mai nā manamana.
Akā he mea ulia kēia. A ʻo ka mālama maʻamau maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole wale nō ka hānai mau lāʻau, akā nā mea kanu lāʻau kūikawā a me nā huaora e mālama ai a hoʻoikaika i ke kala o ka iʻa.
ʻO ka mālama kūikawā no ka hoʻohālikelike'ōpiopio, eia kahi papa no ka liʻiliʻi.
- lepo lepo (ʻo nā mea ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi),
- okioki pipe
- puʻipaʻu
- nā pū · wai.
Hoʻohana ka nui o nā mea iʻa i ka meaʻai maloʻo no ka ʻoluʻolu. Hāʻawi ʻia kā lākou mea kōkua nui e ka ʻoihana ʻo Tetra. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e kahi "ʻano kanaka hoʻokahi" i ka lawaiʻa puaʻa - kahi mea ʻai kūikawā no kēlā me kēia ʻano iʻa, me ka pahi kaua. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ʻo Tetra i ka meaʻai kūikawā: no ke kō, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻāpana o ka iʻa. ʻO kahi ʻeke e 12-maule o Tetra mauʻa maloʻo no ka poʻe pahi i kūʻai ʻia ma kahi o 50 mau rubles.
E hui pū me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe
ʻIke maikaʻi nā Swordsmen i ka aquarium like me ka iʻa e like me ka nui. Ia:
Ua maluhia nā poʻe Swordsmen, akā inā pilikia lākou i ka nele o ka mālamalama ma ka hale hoʻonaʻau, hiki iā lākou keʻike i ka hoʻonāukiuki a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i ko lākou hoalauna. Manaʻo ʻia kekahi ʻano palapala ʻo ka iʻa ʻōpiopio, akā uaʻano ʻino wale nā poʻe kahiko.
ʻO nā maʻi o ka poʻe pahi kaua, ka mālama a me ka pale
ʻO ka mea mua e hana ai ke kūʻai ʻana aku i ka iʻa e nānā iā lākou no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. ʻAʻole kūpono ke kūʻai ʻia kēlā iʻa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ke kanu ʻana i kāu wai i loko o kahi ʻoihana iʻa maikaʻi.
ʻO kahi mea e pale aku ai: i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai i nā mea hou i ka wā kahiko, mālama lākou iā 20 mau minuke i loko o ka wai paʻakai (he kohu o ka paʻakai i ka lita o ka wai). ʻO kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka iʻa mai ka waho.
ʻAʻole like ʻole ka ʻona o ka iʻa me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā maʻi kā lākou maʻi a hueloʻi. Ua loaʻa ia i ke kumu o ka maʻi i lilo i ka maikaʻi, maikaʻi ʻole ka maʻi. Hiki ke pale i kēia ma ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea ʻai wale nō mai nā mea kūʻai aku hilinaʻi.
ATTʻE: Loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka iʻa maʻi, e waiho i loko o ka palu hoʻokaʻawale i ʻole e hoʻopuʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
ʻĀnō ke ola
Noho ka iʻa mai ʻekolu a ʻelima mau makahiki.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia: i loko o ka nui o nā hale kai nui, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o nā pahi kaua. Hoʻopilikia ka mea like ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka hale aku. ʻO ka mahana o ka wai a me ke kino o nā iʻa, hoʻokahi, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka wikiwiki ka hana kaʻina metabola i loko o ke kino o ka iʻa, a ʻo ka wikiwiki ka hele ʻana o ko lākou ola.
Loaʻa nā hoʻololi
ʻO ka mea pahi kaua wahine, ʻaʻole like me ke kāne, ʻaʻohe "pahi kaua". Inā naʻe, ma ka kāne ke ʻano o kēia ʻano palupalu, a laila aʻo ʻia ka gonopodia (ʻo ia ka anal fin, ʻoi aku ka loli). Na ka wahine kēia huakaʻi hoʻokūkū, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ia ma cavaliers.
Loaʻa ke kāne i ka gonopodia i nā makahiki he 3-4. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka poperty hope ma nā pahikaua ma nā mahina ʻelima. Akā, he aha lā ka pēpē - he "keikikāne" a "kaikamahine" paha - e hoʻāhewa ʻia e ke ea o ka wai: inā ia e noho ana ma nā paona 29, nui aʻe nā keiki kāne.
Lāhea
ʻO kēia ika iʻa viviparous. Hoʻopili ʻia ka wahine hoʻohālikelike i loko o kona kino, lawe ʻo ia i ka palaoa a hiki i ka make hope ʻana - ma kahi o ʻelima mau pule. Hiki i ke kanalima pākī ke hānau ʻia i ka wā.
ʻAʻole pono ke hoʻōla i ka makemake o ka hoa i ka hoa: ua hana ia, a ʻo ka mea nui wale nō i koi ʻia e ka mea nona ke kau i ka manawa waiho wahine i ka hoa. Hiki i ka ʻōmole kauka me ka ʻole o ke komo ʻana o ke kāne, a ʻo nā mea āpau a ka wahine mālama i ka waiū i loko o ia pōʻai a hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hānai iā ia pū me lākou.
Inā aia e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hana, e pono e hoʻolako i kēlā mālama mālama - e hoʻonui i ka mahana o ka wai i 25-27 mau degere, ʻo ka pH he 6.8-7.8, a me ka pae o nā nitrates a me nā ammonia i loko o ka wai e liʻiliʻi.
Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka wā hānau ma ke ʻano o ka wahi ʻeleʻele kokoke i ke anus o ka iʻa: inā mauʻele (aʻeleʻele hoʻi nā maka o ka pī e ʻike ʻia ma o ke kino), ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui koke ʻia i ka aquarium. Mai poina i ka manawa, hoʻokomo i ka makuahine ua manaʻo i loko o kahi pākeke ʻē aʻe, inā 'aʻole e hiki ke ʻai ʻia ka pākeke ʻē aʻe.
KA MANA: i mea e pōmaikaʻi ai ka hānau a ola ke keiki, pono nā mānoanoa pōkole ma loko o ka ipu wai, no ka mea, ma laila ua hele mai kēlā ʻano ma mua o ka honua.
