Pono
Meʻa maʻamauSyngnathus acus)
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema

Pono, a i ole nā igles (lat. Syngnathidae) - he ʻohana kai o ke kai, brackish a me ka wai iʻa wai o ke ʻano hana ʻōpala like (Syngnathoidei) ka pono like-like (Syngnathiformes).

Aia ka ʻohana i ka 298 mau ʻano iʻa, hoʻohui ʻia ma 57 genera. ʻO kēia mau, he 244 mau ʻano no ka genera nona ka iʻa pono a me nā mea e pili ana i ka 54 mau ʻohana i like me nā seahorses.Hippocampus) ʻOi lāʻau ulaulaAmphelikturus dendriticus) mai Nā Bahamas ka mea, e like me ka mea, he pilina waena ma waena o ka iʻa me nā kai lawaiʻa.

Hiʻohiʻona maʻamau

ʻO ka nui o nā pā iʻa pākeke ma waena o 2,5 a 60 cm (kaʻu pono) a me ka 4-20 cm (seahorses). Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana e ke kino elongated elongated (nā iʻa pono) a i ʻole ʻano kino i like me ke ʻano chess o ka lio, me kona poʻo i kū i ke kino a me ka ʻili o ka ʻili. Kauahi poʻo ʻōuli. He lōʻihi ka huelo, me kona kōkua e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā algae a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Caudal fin liʻiliʻi a i ʻole. Hoʻopau ʻole ʻia nā paʻu ventral.

He ʻokoʻa nui ka kala: ʻulaʻula, poni, ʻulaʻula, ʻoniʻoma, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka hina me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo. Hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ke kino ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kaiapuni. Nui nā ʻano like like i ke kino: ke ʻano o ke kino, ka ʻili, ke neʻe ʻana i nā neʻe a puni.

Hoʻaiho

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻohana i ka iʻa wai a me ka ʻokiʻū, a me kekahi helu liʻiliʻi e noho ana i nā wai hou. Kahi ʻia ma ka ʻāina kahakai o nā wai kūlohelohe a me ka humuhumu. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho ma nā kahakai kahakai, i nā palalā o nā algae a me nā corals. Aia nā ʻōiwi e noho mau nei i ka kolamu wai, no ka laʻana, ka iʻa pelagic i loaʻa i loko o ka Pōʻele (Syngnathus schmidti) a ā Entelurus aequoreus mai ka moana Sargasso, aia i loko o ka moana Atlanta wehe.

ʻAno hānau

He paʻakikī ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻopiʻi. Mālama ke kāne i nā keiki. Ma ka hapanui o nā ʻano, ʻo ke kāne ka mea e lawe i ka hua i loko o ka "brood bag" kūikawā - kahi lumi paʻa i waiho ʻia ma ka palena o ke kino ma ka wahi caudal. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua liʻiliʻi i loko o nā ʻāpana. Ma ke kaʻina o ka kau ʻana i ka hua pipiʻe. I nā moʻo iʻa iʻa, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, ka lōʻihi o ka pōkā brood, me ka hiʻu longitudinal waena a me ʻelua mau kaila pōkole, kahi i nā nui he nui i hiki ke kokoke i loko o ka wā o ka gestation, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā embryos i hoʻomoʻa ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao o waho. I nā kai make, ua kokoke paʻa ka pā e waiho wale - liʻu liʻiliʻi wale ʻia ma ka mua no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu a waiho i ka pī.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka iʻa pono

ʻO ka iʻa, he ʻelele no ka ʻohana pono, noho ke kai i ke kai ākea o India, Thailand, Burma, a he pinepine loa i loaʻa i loko o ka eʻai a me nā lawaiʻa, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a me Azov. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau ʻelima ka lōʻihi o ke kanakolukumamāwalu mau kenekimita, a ua hoʻolipa ʻia ia me kahi kino cylindrical o kahi lei silue, he ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi a me nā niho koʻikoʻi. Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia iʻa: ʻoki a me nā maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi i ka ʻimi i kēlā iʻa i ka wā hoʻoilo. Ke keʻokeʻo a me ka momona ka ʻiʻo o kona ʻiʻo, ʻona e like me ka pike a pike paha paha, no laila e ʻohi pinepine ʻia i ka kuke ʻana i nā kīʻaha like ʻole. Ke ʻike nei i ka iʻa ʻano mea ponoʻu, e noʻonoʻo mākou i nā mea hou aʻe no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana.

ʻO nā pūleʻa iʻa i nā uluna hua ʻai

Mea ono: ʻelua mauʻaʻa, ʻekolu kāloti, ʻehiku mau grika o ka aila huila, ʻeono aniani, ʻewalu mau kamato, ka paʻakai, ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me ka paprika e hoʻāʻo.

ʻO ka mua ʻoe pono e ʻoki i ka iʻa. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻoki i ke poʻo a me ka huelo, e hoʻoneʻe i nā pūpū, hoʻomaʻemaʻe mai nā loko, holoi a ʻokiʻoki i wahi. No laila, ʻewalu mau ʻāpana e loaʻa A laila, ninini ka aila ʻaila i loko o ka pā, a laila e hoʻomoʻi ʻia ka iʻa palaoa ma laila. Pehea e kuke ai ma hope, e noʻonoʻo mākou i kēia manawa. No laila, ʻinihia ka iʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao a pau a hiki i ke gula ʻulaʻula. A laila hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomākaukau i kahi uluna huila. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, e kāwili i ka kāloti ma kahi grater, e hoʻolana ia me kahi substrate. Kāwī ʻia nā ʻoliki a me nā ʻōmato i loko o nā apo. Hoʻouna ʻia nā kāloti a me nā kēpala i ka pāa a hoʻomake ʻia no kekahi mau minuke. Loaʻa, kāpī i ka tōmato, hoʻohui i kahi wai liʻiliʻi.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻoliki me nā kāloti ma kahi pā nui, a laila - waiho ʻia i ka ʻōmato a me ka iʻa palaoa ma luna, nā ʻōpala a mākou e noʻonoʻo ai. I ka manawa like, pīpī ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana me ke kīwī wela. A laila i uhi ʻia ka iʻa me nā meaʻai ʻai i ke kūlike. E uhi i ka pā ma waiho i ke ahi, hoʻomoʻi no iwakālua mau minuke, pīpī ʻia me ka paʻakai a me ka paprika e hoʻāʻo. Hoʻokaʻa ʻia ka kīʻaha paʻa i nā papa i hāʻawi ʻia a lawelawe ʻia i ka papaʻaina. Manaʻo loa ka ʻono o ka huahana.

Palapala Lanakila Wahine Bouillabaisse

ʻO kēia kīʻaha ka mea i kaulana loa ma waena o nā luina ʻo Marseille. Paʻaʻaʻa ia me nā iʻa pono, nā ʻoniʻoni e like me ka mea like ʻole, me ka lobsters a me nā mea kai ʻē aʻe.

Mea nānā: hoʻokahi kilokilele o ka iʻa, ʻelua hapaha o ka salmon fillet, stingray a i ʻole paw-paw, ʻelua haneri grika o ka ihe, ʻelua haneli haneli, ʻekahi mau grama o nā mussels, hoʻokahi haneli o nā pāpala, ʻelua mau aniani, ʻeono mau ʻōpala o ke kāleka, hoʻokahi māmato ma kona wai a i ʻole ʻekolu hou kamato, a he ʻelua haneli haneli o ka waina keʻokeʻo maloʻo, ʻelua mau kinikini, ʻelua ʻeleʻele, ʻeono lau lau, hoʻokahi ʻāpana zest, kahi hapa-ʻehā o nā mea kanu, ʻōpala ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻala e hoʻāʻo.

ʻO ka mua, nā iʻa pono, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka mea maʻalahi, salmon a iʻa mau iʻa a holoi ʻia a piha i ka wai anuanu, kau i kahi ahi liʻiliʻi e kuke ai. I kēia wā, ʻo ka ʻokiʻoki ʻokiʻoki, ʻo ka keokeo i hoʻopulapula, ka ʻōmato maʻa, e hoʻohui pū i ka waina keʻokeʻo, ua kālua ʻia i ka aila ʻaila i loko o kahi casserole A laila hoʻohui i kahi kalala.

Ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i kahi ʻula ʻula

Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻano ʻoni i loko o ka maka, ʻoki ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana nui, ka lau bay, ka wā lawaiʻa no nā iʻa, pī. ʻO kēia ka mea hiki ke hopu i nā mea ʻala mai ka puhala ma hope, no laila e hoʻohuli a nani a nani.

ʻOki ʻia ka iʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a hoʻoiho ʻia i loko o kahi kalai, ʻai no iwakālua mau minuke. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka wā, huki ʻia ke ʻeke o nā meaʻala. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻaʻai a holoi ʻia a hoʻomoʻa i ka pala, kuke ʻia no ʻelima mau minuke. E hoʻokomo i nā greens i loko o ka pā i pau. Ke hana loiloi a Soup me nā croutons (nā ʻōpala i hana i ka papa keʻokeʻo) a me ka huʻu Rui.

I ka hopena ...

Nona, ʻike mākou) hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka culinary honua. Ua ʻomo ʻia, ʻala, ʻī ʻia, maloʻo a pēlā aku. I kou makemake, e like ai me ka ʻiʻo pike a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka momona, ka punawai a me ka olakino.

ʻO ka iʻa pono (ʻelele o ka ʻohana Iglov) ʻano ʻano ʻano iʻa e noho ana i ka hohonu o ka Black and Azov Seas. He hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona lōʻihi. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ʻano like like a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana me nā seahorses.

Ua hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 10 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa nā pulima moana i kahi pale pale a hoʻomaka i ka neʻe ʻana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā wahi pāpaku ma ka moana Pakipika. Loaʻa i ko lākou inoa no kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona, hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i ka moʻu lōʻihi. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kā lākou lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka nele o nā helu he nui, ʻaʻole pono ka lawaiʻa o ka iʻa ponoʻai. Kekahi mau ʻano, i ka manawa o kahi ikaika, e mālama i kā lākou huʻu ma ke algae. Hiki kōkua iā lākou ke hōʻaiho ʻia iā lākou iho mai nā mea wānana.

He ʻokoʻa ka iʻa pono ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i ka kala i makemake ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokokoke ʻia ana, e like me kahi chameleon. ʻAʻohe mea niho. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino me nā papa paʻakikī. Aia kahi hina-hina, brown hue.

Nā lawaiʻa

ʻAʻole hoihoi nui ka lawaiʻa i ka iʻa pono. ʻAi lākou i ka nui o ka noho ʻana o ka lawena, ʻoiai ʻo ka lāʻau e hina i kekahi manawa ma ka hoʻopā. Ke hoʻohana nei ia e like me ka maunu ʻaʻole kūpono loa.

ʻO kekahi manawa i lawelawe ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa i loko o nā hale kūʻai nui, me ka mea maikaʻi ʻole.

Ke kūlohelohe nei, loaʻa nā ʻano o ka iʻa o ke kai, ʻo ka huina o ia mau haneri a me kanalima. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ka genus Syngnathus, a i ʻole i nā manu manamana maʻamau.

ʻO nā mea ʻala o kēia ʻano he pectoral a me nā ʻaluna caudal, a he ʻano hexagonal kū mua o ke kino i hoʻololi ʻia i ka tetrahedral i ke kua. I ka huina, aia ma kahi o 50 mau ʻelele i kēia genus.

ʻO ka genus o nā kui kuʻuna, a ʻo Neropsis, ʻaʻole hōʻike nui loa. He lahilahi loa ke kino o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano, he puni ka ʻāpana ʻāpana, a ua pau ʻole nā ​​peni pectoral a me nā caudal. ʻO ko lākou helehelena, e like ana me ka lāʻau nui a me ke awl paha, pili mau ia me ka inoa o kēia iʻa.

ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā pono moana kai manu ʻole a ʻo Penetopteryx fins i piha ma ka ʻōlelo. Makemake nā iʻa i kēia noho ʻana i ka ʻōpala o nā kēkau, kahi a me ka pōpilikia, ʻuʻuku lākou i ka ʻili kapa.

ʻO ka nui o ka iʻu pono e hilinaʻi i kona ʻano a hiki ke loli mai ka 2.5 a 50 kenimika. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia he mau lawai maikaʻi;

Maʻa lōʻihi ka paukū caudal i kēia mau iʻa, akā hiki wale nō i kekahi mau ʻano ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻoiai eʻauʻau. A hoʻohana kekahi mau mea kanu i kā lākou huelo e hoʻopili ai i ka mauʻu i lalo paha, i ʻole e lawe ʻia aku ai e kēia manawa.

Me kēia mākaukau, ua like ka iʻa pono me ke kai e pili pono ana. Noho ka waʻa i kai me ke kai a me nā wahi a me nā kai, i kēlā mau wahi e ulu nui ai nā algae, aia nā corals, a he one ke lalo.

Aia kekahi manawa e uha aku ai nā kahawai kahawai i ka lōʻihi lōʻihi. He ʻano kupaianaha loa kēia mau iʻa i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ko lākou kala ma muli o ke kaiapuni, e wehewehe ana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano ponoʻa ka iʻa i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi loa. ʻO ko lākou mau kino, e lele mālie ana i ka wā e ʻauʻau ai, ua like like i ko lākou kala a neʻe i ka algae e hoʻopuni ana iā lākou.

Mahalo i kēia mea huna, ʻike ʻia nā ʻanoʻa iʻa i nā poʻe wānana. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana o nā ʻelele o nā ʻano o kēia mau iʻa he nui o nā ʻano crankace planktonic liʻiliʻi. Akā e ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hana o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka meaʻai ʻaʻole maʻalahi. ʻO ka mea maoli o ka iʻa pono, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka moʻo iʻa o nā niho, no laila, ʻaʻohe iki o kēia mau iʻa e paʻa ai i ko lākou waiwai. Ma muli o kēia, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻai ʻana me ka mākaʻu me kahi pipette. Ma ka puka koke ana o ka crustacean ma ke kahua o ka iʻa o kēia iʻa, alakaʻi koke ʻo ia i kāna kīwī i kona ʻaoʻao a kālai ʻia kēia crustacean me ka wai o loko.

E mālama pono ʻia ka ʻohana e nā kāne. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻōho, ʻo ka wahine i ke ʻano piha o ka ʻōlelo, kāʻili ʻo ia iā ia a puni ke kāne, a hoʻomaka e kamaʻilio. He ʻeha kūikawā nā holoholona o ka Nerophis ma nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka wahi o ka hua manu, aʻo nā kāne o ka huaʻōlelo Syngnathus he ʻeke kūikawā no nā kumu like.

Longfish (Syngnathus typhle) mālama ʻia ma nā wahi āpau i ke Kai ʻEleʻele a me ke Kai Kū o Azov. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o kēia ʻano ka mea maʻamau i ke kapakai o Komohana ʻEulopa: komo i ke kai Baltic a i ke Komohana o Finland. Lā ʻia ka inoa me ka nui o ka pūlima lōʻihi i kona inoa no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ke kino o ka pono o ka iʻa a lōʻihi a haʻahaʻa, uhi ʻia i nā pale o nā iwi. ʻAʻohe o nā loina ventral, liʻiliʻi loa ka anal, ʻo kekahi manawa ma waho o nā kāne ʻaʻole ia e ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka moni Dorsal wale nō, nā fectoral pectoral a me nā peni caudal liʻiliʻi. He ʻulaʻula a ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula paha ka kala, ʻo ka maʻamau me nā kāwele ʻalepelu a me nā ʻono. Loaʻa kēia iʻa i ka lōʻihi o 37 cm.

ʻO ka pono kuʻuna i lōʻihi ka ʻāina ākea ākea ākea ākea ʻo ka nui o ka moana moana. Noho ia ma ke kahakai hikina o ka Atlantika mai Norewai a hiki i Maroko, ma waho o nā mokupuni Pelekane, ma ka Baltic, Mediterranean, Black a me Azov Seas, a he mea maʻamau ma ʻaneʻi a puni ka Black Black a me ke Kai o Azov.

Hoʻomau ʻia ka waʻa iʻa mai ka kahakai, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā wahi mālaʻi o nā mea kanu i lalo, ma waena o nā pali a me nā pōhaku i uhi ʻia me nā algae. Aia i ka kaiapuni, loli ka ʻoniʻoni ʻana, masking kaʻe kai i loko o kahi o kāna wahi. I ka manawa pinepine, ua ʻike ʻia kēia iʻa i ka hohonu o ka 10-12 mau mika, akā i kekahi manawa ke hāmama ʻia nei hoʻi i loko o ke kai ākea. Hoʻokokoke ʻia hoʻi ka iʻa lāʻau ma nā waha o nā kahawai, i kekahi manawa hālāwai ma ka wai hou. Mālama ʻo ia i nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi, iʻa i ka iʻa, a i kekahi manawa i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. I ka wā e hānai ai, e hana ana ka tubular snout e like me ka pipette: i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā pipi, e kiʻi koke ka mea pio i loko o ka waha mai kahi mamao o 4 centimeter.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa i loko o ka ʻeleʻele i hala i loko o ʻApelila-Iulai. He paʻakikī loa ke kaʻina hana o ka pono no ka pono āpau moana. ʻO ke kāne ma ka ʻōpū o ke kino i ka ʻili o ka huelo, kahi lumi brood kūikawā no nā hua ʻala, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ʻelua ʻaoʻao o ka ʻili ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Hoʻopili kēia mau kaula ma ka ʻōpū a uhi i nā hua. Ma hope o ka hoʻowahāwahā kaʻina, pili ka wahine i loko o ka hoa hana a waiho ʻia hua i loko o kāna keʻena brood, ʻoiai e hānai ʻia nā hua. ʻO ka lihi o ka manamana e hoʻopili ana, e hana ana i ka peke e pili ana i 1/3 o ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa. Ma kahi o 100 huaʻai e waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pēke.

Lawe ʻo ke kāne i ka hua a hiki i ka hānila ʻana, no kekahi manawa lawe ʻo ia iā lākou i loko o kāna ʻeke. I mea e haʻalele ai ka palaoa i ka lumi brood, e hoʻokau ke kāne i ke kino me kahi kuahiwi a pēlā e wehe ai i ka ʻeke. Ma ka pōʻino o ka pōʻino, hūnā hou ka palaoa ma lalo o ka pale o kahi makua mālama. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano, e like me nā pono moana ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe waiwai nui.

ʻO ka pulela nui nui i loaʻa i ke kai ʻo ʻEleʻele a me Azov, ka iʻa maʻamau maʻamau (Syngnathus acus), ke lōʻihi o 46 cm. Ua māhele ʻia kēia iʻa ma ke kahakai o ʻEulopa mai ʻAmelika a hiki i Maroko, e noho ana ma nā mokupuni Pelekane a me ke Kaiʻula, akā ua nalo. i nā wai o ke kai Baltic, i mālama ʻia i ke kahakai a me nā wahi o Estuarine i kahi hohonu o 90 mau mika a keu paha, he mea maʻamau ma waena o nā lau algae. Loaʻa iā ia nā kīwaha transversʻeleʻeleʻele i kāna ʻōpala a me ka huelo.

ʻIke ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻae i nā kaele ʻeleʻele o ka moana o Black-Azov i loko o kāna kao cylindrical pōkole ʻo ka Black me ka puʻu ʻulaʻula (S, abaster) (i ka mau puke ua kapa ʻia ʻo S. nigrolineatus). He mea maʻamau kēia ʻano ma nā kahakai o ka hema o ʻEulopa a me ke kapakai ʻākau o ʻApika; ʻike mākou iā ia i loko o ka loko o Black, Azov a me Caspian ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 5 mika, ma luna o kahi pāhonu a pākaha paha i waena o nā mea kanu detritus a i ʻole nāʻuʻala, komo i nā muliwai a me nā loko, a ua komo nō hoʻi i loko o nā kaona Volga. . ^ E Ha yM. Aia i ka lōʻihi o 21 cm.

He wahi e ka ana o ka mahele ana i ke aniani a me ke aniani (S. tenuirostris), kahi e noho ai nā kai ʻalā, Azov a me Adriatic. He loko pono kēia o ka moana, e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi o ka 38.6 cm, ʻaʻole ia e komo i ka wai me ka desalinated. Aia wale nō ma ka Pahu ʻIleʻele a me Azov kahi liʻiliʻi (a hiki i ke 11 cm lōʻihi) He mau lāʻau puliki ʻeleʻele (S. schmidti) ka mea maʻamau e noho nei i loko o ke kai i ka hohonu a hiki i 50-70 mika, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 30 cm mauʻu-manamana, a i ʻole ka lau manamana lau. S. variegatus), e noho ana ma nā pale kai. Loaʻa iā mākou kahi mākaʻi kokoke i ke Kai o Iapana - ka pūleʻa kahakai kahakai (S. acusimilis), ke komo nei i ka waha o nā kahawai.

Ma nā kahakai hikina o ka ʻAmelika mai ʻAmelika a hiki i ʻApelika ʻākau, i loko o ka Melania a me Black Seas, he nui no ka ʻoki aheʻe, a i ʻole awl sea (Nerophis ophidion) ka laulā. Wehe ʻia ka keʻena brood i nā kāne o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia e nā lipu ʻili, a pili pono nā hua i ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka ʻili manawaleʻa he ʻāpana ʻāʻī a nā iwi ʻoki; i nā pākeke, ʻaʻohe pectoral, anal, a me nā fins caudal. ʻO ka maʻamau he melemele-hina a ʻeleʻele paha-ʻalani a me nā kala brown, i ka manawa o ka spawning, ua uhi ʻia me nā kīlaha uliuli a me nā ʻūhā.I ko mākou'āina, ua ʻike ʻia kēia mea like ʻole ma kahakai o ka Baltic (komo i ke Kaiwa ʻo Finland), ʻo ʻEleʻele me Azov Seas, a i kekahi manawa hele mai ʻo ia i nā kahe o nā muliwai.

Loaʻa i kou aquarium i nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe, akā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i waena o lākou lāʻau ʻaina . ^ E Ha yM. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua nui nā nīnau a me nā kānalua. Pehea ke ʻano he iʻa, pehea e mālama pono ʻia ai, ʻo ia paha ka paʻa i nā maʻi a i hiki ke piʻi pū me nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe. Ma kēiaʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka mālama pono a me ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka iʻa pono.

Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, ka iʻa pono a moana a brackish. ʻOiai ua noho kekahi o kāna mau luna i ka wai wai. Noho lākou, he lula, ma ke kahakai kahakai o ka wai a me ka palaka. ʻOluʻolu loa lākou i nā kahakai kahakai, i nā palaleka no nā algae, coral.

Ma ke ala, aia mau kekahi mau ʻano i ka mānoanoa (no ka laʻana, ka mea e noho nei ma ka ʻUleʻele - pelagic fish-needle).

ʻO ka iʻa palau he elongated loa, ma ka palena o kona poʻo he kiʻoni ʻoni ʻano nalu. ʻAʻole ʻo ia ʻo nā palala ma kona ʻōpū, ma ka huelo ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole paha. ʻAno ka lōʻihi a iʻa ka iʻa i ka iʻa; ʻike ʻo ia i ke "capi" me nā algae. ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau iʻa e lawaiʻa iā lākou;
Hiki ke hoʻololi maoli i ko lākou kala, hiki ke ulaula, ʻulaʻula, uliuli, hina me nā pua, keʻokeʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i kekahi mau lālā ke hoʻololi i ke kala e like me nā kūlana a puni iā ​​lākou.

Loaʻa kona ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano - mai 2.5 a 50 cm.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ʻo ka iʻa pono moana

Nui nā ʻano genere i loko o ke kai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ʻo Syngnathus, i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, kahi iʻa pono maʻamau (ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 o lākou). He loko caudal a me nā pectoral fins, ke alo o ke kino i ke ʻano hexagonal, ʻo ka hope - ʻehā.

Maopopo?I ka loko o ʻAwika Aferika o Malawi, noho ka iʻa - cichlids i noho. ʻO ka wahine a lākou, ua palaoa ko lākou waha. I ka wā hāpai, hōʻole nā ​​makuahine i ka ʻai.

Aia nā Neropsis, a i ʻole nā ​​pelu koina, he nui loa lākou. He ʻūpiki loa ka kino o ka iʻa, caudal a me nā pectoral kino. Nani loa lākou i like me ka nila pono a i ʻole he awl.

ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻo Penetopteryx, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi pono lahilahi moana. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i kēia mau ʻelele a Plavnichkov. Noho i ka poino o nā ʻulaʻa, a ke kai nei i loko o ke one me ka pōʻino.

ʻAi ʻia ka iʻa pono ʻia i nā pakanui planktonic liʻiliʻi, e waiho ana iā lākou iho me kāna hiu inā holo pono lākou i kahi o 4 cm kokoke.
Makemake nō hoʻi nā pono i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā bako, nā ʻahuʻula, nā ʻōpala a me nā nauplii.

ʻO nā pono e like me ka lele ʻana mai ka wai, a kiʻekiʻe loa, no laila e uhi ʻia ka pahu mai luna mai.

E hoʻomoʻi i ka lalo me nā one maikaʻi, ʻo ka moss Java kahi mea kanu kūpono. Hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻili pono e hoʻonani i nā pale mai nā pebbles, crust, crevices, caves.

Hoʻolaha ʻia ka wai, filtration biula - pono loa! Hoʻomaopopo i ka hebedoma, hoʻopou i ka wai (hoʻokahi hapakolu o ka nui).
Hoʻokomo kekahi poʻe i ka paʻakai i kekahi wai. Akā, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana, ua maikaʻi ka iʻa i ka wai hou.

Nui!I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka “hale” iʻa, e hoʻomanaʻo i nā niho ʻoki o ka iʻa pono, inā ʻoe e ʻalania.

E like me kāu i hoʻomaopopo ai, ʻo ka pono kahi iʻa maʻa. Akā, ma ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole i koi. Hōʻike ʻia ia e mālama pū me ia i nā iʻa nunui a me ka maluhia, kahi hiki ʻole ke ʻai.

Hōʻalo i kona kokoke kokoke i ka lawaiʻa maʻa mau loa, me ka iʻa ʻole.

I ka laulā, ʻaʻohe o nā hakakā kūloko. ʻOi aku ka makemake e noho i kahi ʻohana liʻiliʻi o ʻekolu mau hoahānau a ʻehā paha.

Hoʻomaka ka spawning i ka waena waena o ka pūnāwai, i pau i ka hopena o Iulai. Ke “hoʻonāukiuki” i kēia kaʻina hana ʻana, e hānai i kāu iʻa holoholona liʻiliʻi i nā iʻa no ʻelua pule, a hoʻololi pū i ko lākou wai i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia iʻa ma ke keiki ... male. He kākela kūikawā kāna no ka hua manu, ka piha ʻana o ʻelua ʻāpana o ka ʻili ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, e kū pono ana nā laka i ka ʻōpū, ma laila e pani ai i nā keiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Ma mua o kēia, ʻehū ka wahine a puni ke kāne, e kau ana i ka caviar i kēia kapa "pēpē", kahi i waiho ʻia ai nā 100 huaʻai. Mālama ʻo Padela i kā lākou hana. Hele kahi ma loko o 10 mau lā o ka pīkī, akā, neʻe iki lākou i nā manawa pā.
ʻOiai lākou i waho i waho, ke holo nui nei nā keiki i loko o ka “ʻeke” a kā lākou makuakāne inā he pōpilikia, penei me ka pōʻeleʻele. Ma keʻano ākea, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hāʻawi i ke kāne me ka pahu hoʻokaʻawale, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke noho mālie a hoʻopaʻa malū i nā keiki.

Nui!Me ka lawa ʻole o ka meaʻai, hoʻomaka ka kāne ke ʻai i kāna mau keiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana. No laila, i kēia manawa, hopohopo e pili ana i kahi meaʻaiʻai piha iā ia.

Nā maʻi ʻona

He mea ʻoluʻolu loa nā iʻa ʻaʻa. Akā, ʻo kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi lākou e mālama. Ke pani nei iā lākou i ka hāpona, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā mea āpau i ka ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi loa, no ka mea, ʻo ka iʻa me kēia hui paha a i ʻole nā ​​hoahānau nui.

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kēia ʻano kūikawā, a laila mai hopohopo. E hāhai i nā lula o ka hoʻoulu a e lanakila nō hoʻi ʻoe!

ʻO ka hānai pono ʻana i nā iʻa

ʻAi ʻia nā iʻa lawaiʻa e ʻai ʻia no ka ʻai e nā iʻa, rana, huluhulu, ʻōpala, nauplii, plankton crustaceans. Ke ʻike nei i ka mea i pio, ke hopu nei ka iʻa pono no ka mau kekona sekona, a laila hoʻopau koke i ka mea i make, ke ʻano o ka pīhoihoi maikaʻi ʻole i ka waha waha e like me ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻawale. Kuhi ʻia ka mea pepehi i ka lua waha mai kahi mamao o 4 cm.

ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā pono moana mai ka meaʻai ola a hiki i ke kai kai maloʻo he paʻakikī. No laila, ʻae pono e loaʻa i kahi nui nui o nāʻaoʻao brine. Ma ia kīaʻai, e nele ai nā minuke a me nā momona, nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia me ka daphnia ola, coreret a me ke kahe koko. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hānai nā jarima moana i ka plankton, a ua hānai ʻia lākou i 4-5 mau lā i kahi lā ma loko o ka aquarium of jarum.

Latina inoa Syngnathus.

Lā ʻia ka inoa me ka nui o ka pūlima lōʻihi i kona inoa no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ke lōʻihi a haʻahaʻa loa ke kino o ka iʻa a puni

pale kaua iwi. ʻAʻohe o nā loina ventral, liʻiliʻi loa ka anal, ʻo kekahi manawa ma waho o nā kāne ʻaʻole ia e ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka moni Dorsal wale nō, nā fectoral pectoral a me nā peni caudal liʻiliʻi. He ʻulaʻula a ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula paha ka kala, ʻo ka maʻamau me nā kāwele ʻalepelu a me nā ʻono. Loaʻa kēia iʻa i ka lōʻihi o 37 cm.

ʻO ka pono kuʻuna i lōʻihi ka ʻāina ākea ākea ākea ākea ʻo ka nui o ka moana moana. Noho ia ma ke kahakai hikina o ka Atlantika mai Norewai a hiki i Maroko, ma waho o nā mokupuni Pelekane, ma ka Baltic, Mediterranean, Black a me Azov Seas, a he mea maʻamau ma ʻaneʻi a puni ka Black Black a me ke Kai o Azov.

Hoʻomau ʻia ka waʻa iʻa mai ka kahakai, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā wahi mālaʻi o nā mea kanu i lalo, ma waena o nā pali a me nā pōhaku i uhi ʻia me nā algae. Aia i ka kaiapuni, loli ka ʻoniʻoni ʻana, masking kaʻe kai i loko o kahi o kāna wahi. I ka manawa pinepine, ua ʻike ʻia kēia iʻa i ka hohonu o ka 10-12 mau mika, akā i kekahi manawa ke hāmama ʻia nei hoʻi i loko o ke kai ākea. Hoʻokokoke ʻia hoʻi ka iʻa lāʻau ma nā waha o nā kahawai, i kekahi manawa hālāwai ma ka wai hou. Mālama ʻo ia i nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi, iʻa i ka iʻa, a i kekahi manawa i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. I ka wā e hānai ai, e hana ana ka tubular snout e like me ka pipette: i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā pipi, e kiʻi koke ka mea pio i loko o ka waha mai kahi mamao o 4 centimeter.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa i loko o ka ʻeleʻele i hala i loko o ʻApelila-Iulai. He paʻakikī loa ke kaʻina hana o ka pono no ka pono āpau moana. ʻO ke kāne ma ka ʻōpū o ke kino i ka ʻili o ka huelo, kahi lumi brood kūikawā no nā hua ʻala, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ʻelua ʻaoʻao o ka ʻili ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Hoʻopili kēia mau kaula ma ka ʻōpū a uhi i nā hua. Ma hope o ka hoʻowahāwahā kaʻina, pili ka wahine i loko o ka hoa hana a waiho ʻia hua i loko o kāna keʻena brood, ʻoiai e hānai ʻia nā hua. ʻO ka lihi o ka manamana e hoʻopili ana, e hana ana i ka peke e pili ana i 1/3 o ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa. Ma kahi o 100 huaʻai e waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pēke.

Lawe ʻo ke kāne i ka hua a hiki i ka hānila ʻana, no kekahi manawa lawe ʻo ia iā lākou i loko o kāna ʻeke. I mea e haʻalele ai ka palaoa i ka lumi brood, e hoʻokau ke kāne i ke kino me kahi kuahiwi a pēlā e wehe ai i ka ʻeke. Ma ka pōʻino o ka pōʻino, hūnā hou ka palaoa ma lalo o ka pale o kahi makua mālama. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano, e like me nā pono moana ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe waiwai nui.

ʻO ka nui loa o nā pono moana i loaʻa i ke kai ʻeleʻele a me Azov nā iʻa pono maʻamau(Syngnathus acus) ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 46 cm. Ua kahele ʻia kēia iʻa ma ke kahakai o ʻEulopa a hiki i ʻĀroka, e noho ana ma nā mokupuni ʻo Beritania a me ke kai Hikina, akā ua nalo i nā wai o ke kai Baltic, i mālama ʻia i nā kapakai a me nā wahi o Estuarine i kahi hohonu o 90 mika a keu paha, he mea maʻamau i waena o nā algae . ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa iā ia nā kīwaha transversʻeleʻeleʻele i kāna ʻōpala a me ka huelo.

He ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa i nā ʻelee a ke kai ʻeleʻele i loko o ke kai ʻo Black Sea-Azov i loko o ka puʻu cylindrical pōkole Puū ʻulaʻula nā pūleʻa iʻa (S, abaster) (i loko o ka puke nēia i kekahi manawa ia S. nigrolineatus). He mea maʻamau kēia ʻano ma nā kahakai o ka hema o ʻEulopa a me ke kapakai ʻākau o ʻApika; ʻike mākou iā ia i loko o ka loko o Black, Azov a me Caspian ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 5 mika, ma luna o kahi pāhonu a pākaha paha i waena o nā mea kanu detritus a i ʻole nāʻuʻala, komo i nā muliwai a me nā loko, a ua komo nō hoʻi i loko o nā kaona Volga. . ^ E Ha yM. Aia i ka lōʻihi o 21 cm.

He wahi e hoʻopili ai ka pūpae i kahi kaila kikoʻī. (S. tenuirostris), ka noho ʻana i nā kai o ʻEleʻele, Azov a me Adriatic. He loko pono kēia o ka moana, e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi o ka 38.6 cm, ʻaʻole ia e komo i ka wai me ka desalinated. Aia wale nō ke kaʻe ʻeleʻele a me ka Azov Seʻa kahi pāpala (a hiki i 11 cm lōʻihi) kahi pūleʻa ʻeleʻele o ke kai (S. schmidti), Kuhi pinepine ka noho ʻana i ke kai ākea ma kahi hohonu o 50-70 mika, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 30 cm, kahi mauʻu ākea ākea, a i ʻole ʻeli paha. (S. variegatus), e noho ana ma nā kua. ʻIke mākou i kahi kokoke ma ke kai o Iapana - ka pono nui o ke kai (S. acusimilis), e hele ana i ka waha o ka kahe.

Ma ke kahakai hikina o ka ʻAmelika mai ʻAmelika a hiki i ʻApelika ʻākau, i loko o ka Melania a me Black Seas, he nui no ka nahesa, a i ʻole awl moana. (Nerophis ophidion). Wehe ʻia ka keʻena brood i nā kāne o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia e nā lipu ʻili, a pili pono nā hua i ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka ʻili manawaleʻa he ʻāpana ʻāʻī a nā iwi ʻoki; i nā pākeke, ʻaʻohe pectoral, anal, a me nā fins caudal. ʻO ka maʻamau he melemele-hina a ʻeleʻele paha-ʻalani a me nā kala brown, i ka manawa o ka spawning, ua uhi ʻia me nā kīlaha uliuli a me nā ʻūhā. I ko mākou'āina, ua ʻike ʻia kēia mea like ma kahakai o ka Baltic (me ke Kaiwa o Finland), ʻo ʻEleʻele me Azov Seas, a i kekahi manawa hele mai ʻo ia i nā kahe o nā muliwai.

Kāpena. - M .: Astrel. E.D. Vasilieva. 1999.

E nānā i ke ʻano o ka "needle-fish-Long" i nā ʻatikala ʻē aʻe:

Pono -? Pono ka ʻai iʻa iʻa nā kaila ʻepekema: Kiʻi Kuhi: Chordates ... Wikipedia

Nā iʻa ʻano lōʻihi -? Nā iʻa ʻano lōʻihi iʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema Kūmole: nā ʻano holoholona: nā ʻano ... Wikipedia

Mālama nui ʻia nā iʻa lōʻihi

mange aine ke lana aloha - paprastoji jūrų adata statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: ʻoi. Syngnathus typhle angl. pipefish nosed, hohonu puʻupuʻu paepae, piipii pipipiki wikiwiki. nā pua ʻaina nui mauʻu, ... mau moku ʻano lōʻihi, ... ... uvų pavadinimų žodynas

nā moʻa lawaʻa nui - paprastoji jūrų adata statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: ʻoi. Syngnathus typhle angl. pipefish nosed, hohonu puʻupuʻu paepae, piipii pipipiki wikiwiki. nā pua ʻaina nui mauʻu, ... mau moku ʻano lōʻihi, ... ... uvų pavadinimų žodynas

kai pono - paprastoji jūrų adata statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas rūšis atitikmenys: ʻoi. Syngnathus typhle angl. pipefish nosed, hohonu puʻupuʻu paepae, piipii pipipiki wikiwiki. nā pua ʻaina nui mauʻu, ... mau moku ʻano lōʻihi, ... ... uvų pavadinimų žodynas

Ka Pono Kau Kau (Syngnathidae) - Lenei ka ʻohana me ka iʻa me ka kino elongated ma ke ʻano o ka pūmaʻomaʻo (nā pono kai) a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻano kino ʻē aʻe e like me ka hapa cety o kahi lio, me ke poʻo i kūlou ʻia i ke kino a me kahi lā ʻoi ... ... Biological Encyclopedia.

PORCELAIN - (Gasterosteiformes), he detachment o ka iʻa bony. ʻIke ʻia mai ka Eocene. No ka mai 3 cm a 1.8 m, ke kaupaona mai nā nui. kalona a hiki i 3 kg. 3 4 mau hihiu o ka membrane gill. Nā kulu piha. Kūpono nā ʻaʻe ma nā fins i ʻole. ʻO nā fins Dinsal 1 a i ʻole 2, ka mea mua i ke ʻano o ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (SYNGNATHIDAE) ʻAʻole loaʻa nā iʻa lauleʻa, a ua uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa i nā pale pale iwi, pili pono ʻia kekahi i kekahi me ke ʻano o nā apo. ʻAʻohe o nā loina ventral kēia mau iʻa, a ʻo ka lua o ka dorsal hoʻokahi wale nō ʻole a me nā spines; i kekahi mau ʻano ua ʻole loa. ʻO kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi ... ... Iʻa o Lūkia. Papa kuhikuhi

ʻO nā pono holo moana -? ʻO nā pono moana kai maʻamau ... Wikipedia

Loaʻa i kou aquarium i nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe, akā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i waena o lākou lāʻau ʻaina . ^ E Ha yM. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua nui nā nīnau a me nā kānalua. Pehea ke ʻano he iʻa, pehea e mālama pono ʻia ai, ʻo ia paha ka paʻa i nā maʻi a i hiki ke piʻi pū me nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe. Ma kēiaʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka mālama pono a me ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka iʻa pono.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, nā iʻa hāleʻa a iʻa. ʻOiai ua noho kekahi o kāna mau luna i ka wai wai. Noho lākou, he lula, ma ke kahakai kahakai o ka wai a me ka palaka. ʻOluʻolu loa lākou i nā kahakai kahakai, i nā palaleka no nā algae, coral.

Ma ke ala, aia mau kekahi mau ʻano i ka mānoanoa (no ka laʻana, ka mea e noho nei ma ka ʻUleʻele - pelagic fish-needle).

ʻO ka iʻa palau he elongated loa, ma ka palena o kona poʻo he kiʻoni ʻoni ʻano nalu. ʻAʻole ʻo ia ʻo nā palala ma kona ʻōpū, ma ka huelo ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole paha. ʻAno ka lōʻihi a iʻa ka iʻa i ka iʻa; ʻike ʻo ia i ke "capi" me nā algae. ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau iʻa e lawaiʻa iā lākou;
Hiki ke hoʻololi maoli i ko lākou kala, hiki ke ulaula, ʻulaʻula, uliuli, hina me nā pua, keʻokeʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i kekahi mau lālā ke hoʻololi i ke kala e like me nā kūlana a puni iā ​​lākou.

Loaʻa kona ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano - mai 2.5 a 50 cm.

Pono ka lawaiʻa

ʻO ka manawa maʻamau no ka lawaiʻa ʻana me nā pono hana ʻo ʻApelipopa -ʻOkakopa - ka wā e kāʻili ana i nā wahi i kokoke i ke kapakai. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau mea i koe: no ka laʻana, he ʻano nui ka nui iʻa ma nā wahi mai ka ʻāina ʻo Crimea e hiki mai ana ma loko o ka hoʻoilo wela holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka hana maʻamau maʻamau no ka iʻa lawaiʻa moana. ʻO ka maʻamau ka mea e hele nei i kēia mau koʻokoʻo he 2,7 ... 4.0 m loa ka lōʻihi, me kahi palaoa o 20-60 g, me ka wikiwiki a hana paha paha.

Ua hoʻolako ʻia lākou me nā pihi inertialess, kahi ʻōniʻoki ʻoki koʻikoʻi a he 0.25 mm ka lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma hope o ka waihoʻoluʻu a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka wai.

Pono ka hopu ʻana i nā iʻa iʻa me kahi leash, kahi i hana mai kahi monolike 0.12 ... 0.20 mm a me ka hapalua mita paha a keu aku paha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kau i lalo, hoʻonui i ka nui o nā pana a me kāu hopu. Akā, inā hōʻea kekahi mau kanaka nui, a laila ua ʻā pinepine ʻia nā leʻa.

Kahi ʻia ka pelekikena he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 20 ... 40 cm a lawe ʻia kahi ukana i hiki mai i 15 g ma ka laina lawaiʻa nui. A makemake nui ʻia ka waʻa me nā lawaiʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahukū neʻe.

Ua hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i ka hopu ʻana i nā pono waʻu a me nā braids ma ke ʻano nui o ke koʻokoʻo o ka lāʻau lāʻau. Pono 0.15 ... 0.17 mm. Pono e koho pono ia kahi papahele a i ʻole kekahi mea pahuhopu no kāu hoʻāʻo spinning - e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia hana lawaiʻa ponoʻī. Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka papahele he nui, hoʻopiha ʻia i ka wai i loaʻa i kahi buoyancy nol.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lako ma kahi pākahi wale nō, e ana ʻia e like me kā kā mākou papa helu 2.5 ... No. 5. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā i ʻulaʻula a kokoke paha i kona kala.

Hāpai lākou i ka iʻa pono i luna o ka puaa, nereis, ʻona honu, ka umauma moa mau a me ka puna salmon. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka nozzle noemel i mau ʻāpana o ka iʻa o ka pono lāʻau ponoʻī. He liʻiliʻi lākou, ʻaʻole eʻoi aku i ka hapalua centimeter.

ʻO nā wahi kahi e hele ai ka iʻa, ua maʻamau me ka hohonu o 5 mika a keu paha. I nā wahi liʻiliʻi, loaʻa pinepine loa. Ke hōʻā ʻia ka iʻa pono e kekahi mau mea pōʻai, ʻike ʻoe i kāna mau pua āpau e lele ana mai loko mai o ka wai. He hōʻailona paha kēia ma ke ala e loaʻa ai kahi kamaʻāina.

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka lawaiʻa me kahi moʻa iʻa i like me kahi iʻa lawaiʻa pseudo-lele.Hoʻokomo me ka, no ka laʻana, ka kiʻowai he wahi moe kahe mai kahi a mai ka waʻa a kolo paha i kahi e loaʻa ai kahi mea hopu. Eia kekahi, me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa, ua paʻa ʻia ʻo ia iā ia iho, ka huki ʻana i kahi papahele ma ka ʻaoʻao, a ma hope o ke alakaʻi me ka pain. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka iʻa e ke kani a e hoʻouka i ka bait, ʻā ʻia me kona waha.

ʻO ke ala ʻē aʻe e hopu ai i ka iʻa pono

Ma New Guinea, ma muli o ka nele o nā hāmeʻa o kēia mau lā, a i ʻole e like me kahi ʻano maʻamau, ua hopu ʻia nā pono-iʻa ma ka pūnaewele ... pūnaewele.

No ka laʻana, ʻo nā lawaiʻa o ka mokupuni o Santa Catalina mai nā mokupuni ʻo Solomon ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lawaiʻa e ʻimi i kahi pūnaewele. ʻAʻole maʻalahi, akā kūikawā, me ka ikaika maikaʻi, me ka ulana hoʻohui ʻana i nā kaula. ʻAʻole nā ​​palena lawaiʻa, nā koʻokoʻo, nā kaula hao. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi pūnaewele hoʻowahāwahā (e like me ka maunu) mai kahi lele lele a na ka mea nō ia.

Paena pūnaewele, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma lalo mai o ka nahesa, lele ma luna o ka ʻona o ke kai a he like a he pepelu e lele ana ma luna o ia mea. Paʻa ʻia kona lawaiʻa, ma luna, ma luna o kēlā kahe o ka wai e peʻe ana ka mea makemake.

Ua pane ka iʻa i ka lāʻau mane iā Putin, ka hoʻouka ʻana iā ia a paʻa i loko me nā unahi nui a me nā niho koʻikoʻi. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule o ka nahesa, ʻike aku ʻo ia i ka lawaiʻa a hoʻomaka e huki i ka mea pio iā ia.

Ka ʻai ʻana me ka iʻa pono

ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke ʻai o ka iʻa pono ʻole i ke kanaka a ʻoluʻolu loa. He ʻano hiʻohiʻona ka iʻa - he mau iwi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka ʻōmato mai ia mau manawa me ka pistachio hue, ʻaʻole naʻe no ka mau iwi, akā ma muli o nā puaʻa puaʻa manokana, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā iwi iʻa.

He waiwai pono o nā pono o nā iʻa: ʻoi ka momona o ka iʻa ma ka hao, ka phosphorus, iodine, omega-3 mau mea momona a me nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā mea ʻeke. ʻO ka pono o ka iʻa he pālahalaha ākea a me ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā iwi.

Nā iʻa pono ʻia

Ka uhi lākou i ka papa ʻaʻa me ka pepa palaoa, kāwili ʻia ia me ka aila ma luna. Kili ʻia ka iʻa ʻā ʻia a ua huki ʻia i loko o ka apo, e kau ana i kona huelo lōʻihi ma ka ʻāʻī, a waiho ma kahi papa ʻai. E kāpīpī i luna me nā meaʻala, paʻakai, kāpīpī ʻia me ka aila ʻaila.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi papa ʻai me ka iʻa i loko o ka umu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ma 180 ° C. 20 mau minuke. pāʻai.

ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o ka iʻa

Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka iʻa, pala, hoʻopiha ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kumu ʻai o ka ʻiʻo e like me ka ʻōwili, i hoʻopili ʻia me kahi niho kīwaha e uhaʻi. 20 sec Kāleʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila ʻoliva. Hōʻalo ʻia nā niho āpau, i waena o nā rolaka e kau i kahi ʻoliva, kahi i hoʻomoʻoniʻo ʻia me ka lemon.

Iʻokiʻoki i ke kaila sibeli a i ka nui. Hoʻopili lākou i ka ʻāpana o ka pā i palu ʻia me ka aila ʻaila. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōwili kiʻekiʻe i loaʻa mua ma mua o nā lāʻau ʻoliva. ʻO ka paʻakai, ka pepa, pīpī ʻia me nā mea kanu (rosemary, marjoram). Kiʻi me kahi ʻāpana o ka pata maloʻo.

E hoʻomoʻi i ka hopena o 20 mau minuke., E uhi ana i ka pā me kahi uhi.

Kahakaha

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pena o nā iʻa (ʻaʻohe peeled) i loko o ka paʻakai no 20 mau minuke. waiho. Nā koho hou aʻe penei.

• kau ʻai no ka hapalua lā me ko lākou mau poʻo i lalo, a laila e hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe.
• kau lākou i ka iʻa ma nā nūpepa, a maloʻo i ka hapalua hola i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, waiho ʻia i loko o ka friji no 2 mau lā, ʻo ka iʻa e hoʻomākaukau ai iʻa i laila,
• kuʻi lākou i ka iʻa me ka canvas a kau i loko o ka friji i hoʻokahi lā, lawe i waho, wehe ʻia, kau ʻia ma luna o ka nupepa, ma hope o ka 0.5 ... 1 hola ua mākaukau ka iʻa no ka pia.

ʻO nā pua iʻa pono

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻōpana o nā iʻa ʻona nui, a wehe ʻia ke kāʻei a me ke poʻo. Hōʻoki ʻia nā kālena i nā ʻāpana o 5 ... 6 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa i loko o ka pā pākīkī me nā kolamu a ninini i ka aila ʻaila 1 cm ma luna o nā ʻāpana e pale mai luna mai.

E kau i ka ipu ma luna o ke ahi liʻiliʻi, e pani i ka uhi a hiki i 3 hola. ole.

ʻO ka iʻa lāʻau ʻoki ʻia

E ninini i ka ʻili bawang me ka wai a 20 mau minuke. anaua. Loaʻa kahi wai kala kala. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻo, hoʻoili ʻia.

ʻOkiʻoki i nā pono lāʻau, ʻokiʻoki, ʻoki i ko lākou mau poʻo, holoi. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi pahu a ninini i ka wai i loko o kahi paʻakai (2 mau kīpī me kahi ʻōmole) a me ka uahi wai (5 mau kākele) i hoʻonui mua ʻia.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka iʻa ma ka lewa ma kahi lā no 3 mau lā, a laila mālama ʻia ka nui o ka manawa i loko o ka friji. Ma hope o ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia, holoi ʻia, no 2 ... 3 hola. kau. Ka mea i ʻoi aku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā iʻa ʻaina ʻaina ʻaina. E mālama i ke kumukūʻai i loko o ka friji.

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā ʻano pili pili i kēia ʻano i loko o ke kaʻina hana o kēia mau iʻa - ke hele wāwae ʻo "wahine hānai" me lākou. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke koho i kāna mau hua āna e hānau ai, nā wai āna e makemake ai.

E noho ana nā pono i ke kai a me ke kai wela, e komo pū me ke Kaiʻula.

ʻO kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi kēia mea e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ai i ka nahesa a i ʻole ka lele. He kino lōʻihi kona a me ke koʻikoʻi, kahi i uhi ʻia me ka pūliki me nā pahu ʻaukā bony.

ʻO ke kino lōʻihi a ʻākika o kahi pono kai

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino - mai ke 2.5 a 30 kenimika. Aia nō ke hilinaʻi āpau i ke ʻano o ka iʻa.

ʻAʻole lākou maikaʻi loa. E like me ke kai seakore, aia kekahi ʻano huluhulu me kahi kōkua o kahi e hoʻopili ai lākou i nā mea kanu i lawe ʻole ʻia ʻole e kēia manawa.

ʻAno elongated ka helehelena o ka pū kai ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo. Ma kona hopena he waha liʻiliʻi niho ʻole. No laila, hānai lākou i kā lākou meaʻai me ka wai.

E hānai nā lāʻau i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka plankton, ma hope o kekahi manawa ke iho lākou i lalo i ka hohonu o 90 mika. Akā e mālama pinepine ʻia ka iʻa ma ka hohonu o kahi ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau mika, ma waena o nā mea kanu o nā ʻula a me nā pōhaku.

ʻO ka kala ʻalaʻula ʻono e ʻae i ka iʻa e hoʻowalewale iā lākou iho i kahi algae.

Hāʻawi kā lākou hiʻona kokoke i kahi launa maikaʻi ma lalo o nā algae. Eia kekahi, loli maʻalahi ka kala e hilinaʻi ana i ka kaiāulu: ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, nā kala hina, etc. ʻAi kēia i ka iʻa me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā ʻenemi.

Kahi maoli i loko o lākou ka hana o ka hoʻohālikelike. E like me nā hoahānau pili pili loa - nā seahorses - ke ʻano o ka pono o ke kai no ke kai. Loaʻa iā ia kahi pahu brood kūikawā, kahi pēpē ma waena o nā manamana ʻelua ma ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻomaka ka pāʻani ʻana i ka pūlima kai ma ka pūnāwai a kū i ke kauwela āpau. Loaʻa ka kāne no ka wā holoʻokoʻa i nā hua mai nā wahine. ʻOiai nō kekahi mau ʻano o nā lau o ka lawena he monogamous a "mālama pono" i hoʻokahi wahine wale nō. ʻOiai makemake ia. Akā ʻo ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka wahine wahine e kau ai i nā hua ma loko o kekahi mau hoahana, no ka mea hoʻonui kēia i nā pono kūpono o ke ola ʻana i nā ʻōkō.

Hiki i nā hua 1,500 ke kūpono i ka ʻeke ʻo ke kāne. Hoʻomaka ka manawa he ʻano gestation hoʻokahi mahina. Ma hope o kēlā, puka mai nā kope o nā mākua ma waho o ke ʻeke i loko o ka mālamalama, a hoʻomaka ka ola kūʻokoʻa. Akā hōʻike ʻia kahi mālama paternal ma hope o ka hatching fry. No kekahi manawa, hoʻomau ka kāne e hāpai iā lākou i loko o kāna ʻeke. I ka hoʻohiki ʻana i kona ʻōpū, wehe ka ʻeke a hele nā ​​keiki no ka hele. I ka pilikia o ka pōʻino, piʻi koke ka palaoa i hope.

Akā, ʻaʻole wale ia. Ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻokumu ʻo nā mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Texas e hiki i ke kāne ke wehe i nā "wahine hānau." Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i ke ola ʻana o nā embryo ma ke koho ʻana i nā hua o nā wahine e hoʻohiki a maikaʻi loa. A laila hiki i ka nānāʻana i ke kīlei i ka mālamalama mai ka ikaika a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wahine. ʻO ke kaʻina o ke ola, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻAno e hoʻokū

Hoʻopiʻi, akā, ʻaʻole i koi. Hiki ke kāhea ʻia me ka iʻa ʻē aʻe e nui e lawa i kona waha. Hōʻalo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻano ikaika like ʻole a like me ka Barbus. ʻAʻohe nō o nā hakakoko a me ka hāʻule ʻana ma waena o kahi ʻohana ʻekolu a ʻehā paha paha.

Kamaipono / hānai

ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o nā iʻa i loko o ka hale home aku ka paʻakikī ma muli o ka pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā loli i nā kūlana kūlohelohe e kū mai ai i loko. Ke kau nei ka moʻa ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana mai Mei a Kepakemapa, i ka wā nui o ka ua ma lalo o ʻAsia Hema, e hoʻololi ana i ka ʻano hydrochemical o ka wai a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kona pāhana. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua he nui i kēlā me kēia lā, e hoʻoponopono iā lākou i ka mea kanu i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā kaula ʻala. Hoʻomoe ka wā incubation mai 7 a 10 mau lā. Ke kuhi nei i ka pīkī palaoa ma zooplankton. Ke ulu nui lākou, hiki i ka iʻa nui ke ʻai i ko lākou mau hoahānau.

ʻO ke Kai Hōʻailona kahi e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā mea ola e alakaʻi ai i kahi kūlana hoʻoikaika. ʻAi nui nā mea kikoʻī. Pehea e ola ai i kēia ao inā haʻalele ke ʻano iā ʻoe i nā niho koʻikoʻi, nā kui lōʻihi, nā hale ʻalā? ʻAʻoleʻo ia i puka mai me ka ulu ulu a me ka ikaika; pono kekahi e hilinaʻi i ka hiki ke camouflage i waena o nā kaiapuni. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka mea noho moana e ʻimi ana i ke ʻano he nui o nā algae. ʻO ka pono ke kai ke kumu o ko kākou moʻolelo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā manawa, ua hana ʻoi i nā loli kupaianaha me ke kino o ka iʻa e ʻae ai e noho nei i loko o kahi honua hoʻoweliweli.

Kāleka

Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka iʻa pono ma muli o ke kino elongated e like me ka lāʻau a me ka pīpī. ʻAʻole hōʻino ʻia ke kino ma hope aku, me kahi palapala ʻike kikoʻī, ʻike ʻia nā kihi. Hiki ke kapa ʻia kahi pēpē iʻa peni. Aia ke kino aia nā dorsal a me nā poli pectoral o kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ma luna pono o ke poʻo aia kahi pūpiki liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole e ʻae i ke ʻano o nā hāpala ke hele huakaʻi i kahi lōʻihi.

Snout me ka ihu lōʻihi a me ka waha liʻiliʻi. Ke loli nei ka kala o ka iʻa ma ke ʻano o ke kaila o waho. Ma Anapa, ma nā pāpū, he kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka nui, aneane like me ka lole keokeo, inā i kēia wā a i ʻole ka ʻino e lawe ai i ka iʻa i nā kahakai, a laila ʻeleʻele ka kala. ʻO ka ulu maʻamau o ka peni neʻe he 15 a 25 paha kenimika, kahi manawa ola ma kahi o 8 a 10 mau makahiki.

Hoʻoikaika

I kahi mamao loa, ʻaʻole i ka wao o ka iʻa i ka lawena lawaiʻa, neʻe ka iʻa i loko o ke kai no ka iʻa i ka iʻa a me ka nalu. No laila, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui i ka wā e hoʻokele ai ke kaʻa i kahi wahi kūpono i ka manawa kūpono. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ka huluhulu i ka lawehala. I loko o nā kakalā mauʻu o ke kai kai, palekana ka palau, a ʻo ka mea nui loa ka nui o kāu mau punahele punahele - ʻo ka liʻiliʻi plankton a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpū crustacean. E huki i ka pulikini i nā ʻōiwi āpau, i ka maka o ka maka ʻike ʻole o nā mea ola, ma o kona waha liʻiliʻi i ka ʻū o kona muzzle. ʻO ka ʻahaʻaina ʻaina ʻaina he mea punahele i ka pono o ke kai; hiki i nā mea pākeke ke mālama i ka hoʻomohala a hiki i 10 mau hola.

ʻO ka hana ʻelua ka hana nui. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ke hoʻomaka ka moana i ke kahakai o Anapa e hoʻomālamala ai, ke mākaukau nei nā pono no ka hana hou. No ka ʻono ʻana i ka wahine, hoʻokō ke kāne i kekahi mau ʻano o ka wahine e makemake ai. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻaelike a me nā kino lōʻihi. I ka wā o nā pelu pili ʻana, e hāloi ka wīwī wahine i nā hua i loko o kahi ʻeke lole kūikawā i loaʻa i ka makuakāne o ka hua. I loko o ke keʻena kino, pono ka hoʻoku a me ka hōʻeha ʻeha. Ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana o hua, hiki ke hūnā nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no kekahi manawa mai ka pōʻino i ke kāʻei o ko lākou makuakāne. ʻO ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa o ka mālama ʻana i ka hua ʻōlima ke hana i ka pono moana i ke kai kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka poʻe noiʻi i ke ola kai o Anapa ua ʻike nā māka pono hiki ke kani. Inā ʻoe ʻoe i ka pono iʻa i loko o kou lima, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka haʻalūwī palū a me nā nalu kani kani ʻana e lele ka iʻa i ka lewa. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ka mea e noho ai kekahi mea moana.

Aia ma Anapa e ʻike ai

ʻAʻole i lōʻihi lōʻihi, ʻo ka wai pāpaku he wahi punahele nui no ka iʻa pono. I kēia lā, ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ikaika o nā embankments o ka hōkele, ua loli ka kūlana o ka pākōnō o ke kai ʻana. ʻO ka hopena o ka hana kanaka, ʻaʻole ia e ʻoluʻolu e noho mālie ma luna o ka pono ma ke kūlanakauhale. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka igloo ma Anapa ma nā kahakai huna o Vityazevo a i ka mea kolo Bugaz.

ʻO ka pono o ka iʻa, nā iʻa pua, ka pua, ke kuikahi kālā, nā pike - ʻo ia mau inoa inoa ʻole he kuleana kekahi o nā ʻelele maikaʻi loa o ka papa o ka iʻa ʻano. I ka honua ʻepekema, kaulana no ka i kā garfish.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau a me ke kumu momona kiʻekiʻe o ka iʻa i hana ʻia ka iʻa puaʻa i mea lawaiʻa ikaika. Hōʻike ʻia nā makana mai ka garfish e ko lākou ʻano like ʻole a me nā mea maikaʻi loa.

ʻO ka māla a me nā iʻa iʻa - papa hoʻokahi, ʻohana like ʻole

Aia kekahi manaʻo kuhi hewa e ʻo ka palaka lapalapa a me nā iʻa hāmeʻa i inoa no ka iʻa hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole paha kēia ka hihia. ʻO ka pono-iʻa - he ʻelele o ka iʻa lawaiʻa o ka ʻohana jarele (squad-like squad). ʻO kahi pilikino kahi pilina paʻa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke ʻano he 50 mau mea koina.

• nā moʻo maʻamau moana
• ʻO nā ʻili ʻAtalia Italia (mau inoa ʻē aʻe: Mākuhi ʻeleʻele, pika liʻiliʻi),
• nā keʻa pono lāʻau
• keʻa kai ʻākau
• nā iʻa pono spiny
• uʻa, lōʻihi ke ʻā,
• ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau-ʻiwi.

ʻO kekahi iʻa liʻiliʻi hilahila (lōʻihi loa 30 cm), e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi aniani o mua e noho maluhia. ʻAʻohe ona mau niho. ʻO ka kumu o ka pono o ka palaki he plankton, nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi, a me nā ulia pepeke. I ka hapanui o ka lā, neʻe mālie nā iʻa i kahi kokoke i lalo, a kū paha i kahi kuʻi nei i ka lāʻau o nā mea kanu kai, e hilinaʻi ana ma kona huelo.

ʻO ke kala o ka pono no ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka noho ʻana: ʻo ka maʻamau ka melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā kala ʻulaʻula

ʻO ka iʻa pono ua loaʻa i ka pūpū hāpaʻa kuhi elongated (snout) me ka hoʻonui ʻia i ka hopena.

ʻO ka manaʻo hoihoi! ʻO ka iʻa, e like me ke chameleon, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kala e like me ko lākou ʻona.

Noho ka pono ma ka Peleʻele, Azov, Caspian, Baltic Seas, hele i nā muliwai a me nā loko i pili pū me lākou. ʻO ke ʻano lawaiʻa iʻa no ka lawaiʻa. Hopu ia e na lima ma na aina kahakai, ua maloo a lawe ia e like me ke aloha.

ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻano wai. Loaʻa ka iʻa pono ʻia ka muliwai ma Volga, ke kahe o lalo o Don, a me kekahi mau hale waiwai (Kuibyshevsky, Volgograd, Rybinsk, Tsimlyansk).

ʻAʻole e like me kahi kānaka, ʻaʻohe iʻa nui nā iʻa. Ma muli o ka makemake kūpono, ke nānā aku a me ke anuanu, makemake lākou e mālama iā ia i ka aquarium. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoiai me he mea laʻa, lawe ʻia kahi pulupua hulina iʻa.

ʻO ka inoa o ka iʻa ma muli o ke uhi uhi ikaika

He nani nā iʻa wai wai: ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ke kino me nā hōʻili ʻana, a hāmama ka ʻōpū ma ke kuʻele ʻele. ʻAʻole piʻi ka mea ulu i 20 cm, paona 5 g.

Hoʻokahi wale nō mea e pili ana i ka iʻa pālani a me ka iʻa igloo: ʻelua mau ʻano ma ka papa o ka iʻa lau ʻulaʻula ʻia.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano a me nā wahi noho o kahi kāpala

Hoʻopili ka ʻohana sarganov i 25 mau ʻano. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā iʻa nui ma nā wahi a lākou i loaʻa ai.

I ka mahalo hoʻohanohano, ʻo nā mea hoihoi loa:

• ʻEleʻopa kāhuna (inoa ʻē aʻe: ʻAmelika, maʻamau). Ua koho ʻia nā mea like loa e nā wai a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka moana Atlantika, ke Mediterraneanāina, Marmara, ʻ Blackleʻele, a me ke kai o Azov (ʻo kona komohana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai paʻakai). I kekahi manawa aia i ka paʻakai maʻamau i ka Maʻa Keʻokeʻo a me nā Barents. Loaʻa ka ulu o nā pākeke i ka 90 cm. Loaʻa i ka iʻa ʻo ka ʻeleʻele o ka iʻa i kahi ʻāpana. Hoʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe mai ka poʻe ʻEulopa i nā haʻahaʻa ʻokoʻa loa (a hiki i 60 cm),
• ka paʻakai kaʻaila inoa (nā inoa ʻē aʻe - tylosur crocodile, garfish nui), ʻo ia ka mākaʻi nui loa o ka ʻohana, e ulu ana a hiki i 1.5 mika. ʻO ka paona o nā mea i hopu ʻia, ʻo 6.5-7.5 kg. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā wai kai o ka mokupuni o ka Pakipika a me Atlantika. Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa i nā unahi paʻakikī a me kāna ʻano kāhiko, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka ʻili na kaʻa,
• ʻO Farago a i ʻole Pila paha ka laha: he pōkā ʻoliki ia me kahi kaula lōʻihi o ke kala a me ka waiho ʻole ʻana o nā lāʻau gill, he ʻano thermophilic ka mea maʻamau ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kai o Iapana, mai ke kahakai o Korea a me Kina (i ke Kai Hema Hema), ma ka Moana Pakipika o ka hema o Hokkaido. Ma Lūkia, ua hopu ʻia ka iʻa ma Primorye. I ke kauwela, ka mākaʻu i ka wā hele i ke kauwela e komo i ke Kaiā o Peter the Great a i loko o nā kahawai o nā loko paʻakai ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina. Ma nā koki ʻana, maʻa mau ke kau o ka poʻe i ka 1 kg a me ka lōʻihi a hiki i 1 m.Me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui o ka wai i ka 15 ° C, e hele ana i ka hema,
• ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele: ka mea noho o nā wai kahakai o Asia Hema i kapa ʻia no nā wahi ʻeleʻele nui ma ka peke caudal. I ka wā hoʻomaha, noho pinepine ka iʻa ma ka wai ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ke kanu nei iā lākou iho i ka ulana a i ke one hoʻi i ka hohonu o 50 cm.

Kūpono ka hapa nui o nā ʻano e noho kokoke i ke kahakai, ʻo kekahi (no ka laʻana, ka paʻakai kaona i ʻike ʻia i loko o ke kai ākea.

Aia nā 5 i ʻike ʻia o nā ʻohana sargan e noho ana i nā kino wai. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā kahawai o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻAmelika Hema, a me ʻAmelika Nui.

Ka helu momona, nā ʻāpana

ʻO ka iʻa pono, pono i mau i loko o ka hāʻule, he ʻono a like aila. ʻO ka nele o nā iwi liʻiliʻi e hoʻolalelale ai i kahi huahana no ka lumi kuke. He nui nā waiwai waiwai nā ʻiʻo. Loaʻa ka nui o nā polyunsaturated aliphatic acid o ka hui Omega. Pono lākou e hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana, hoʻoponopono i ka hana o nā koina āpau pono nui, hoʻālaʻi i ka ʻōuli o ke hormonal. Mahalo i nā waʻa momona, kahi holomua i kū hou i ke kino.

Maikaʻi nā kīʻaha Sargan no ke olakino thyroid: he nui nā iodine i loko i ka iʻa.
ʻOi ka momona o ka iʻa ma ka phosphorus. Pono ka macronutrient e mālama i ka hana o nā ʻiʻo, ka hana o ka lolo, ka ulu ʻana o ka iwi.

Nui nā mau hiʻohiʻona no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi wao kai. Nā papa ʻai ʻia me ka ʻili, kālua ʻia, ka palaoa kāwili ʻia. He ʻono maikaʻi loa ka iʻa ʻaʻa ʻoki ʻia.

Uwiki

E hoʻomākaukau i ka iʻa ma kahi pahu momona kūikawā (hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ka pā palima a i ʻole pāpaʻi me kahi uhi paʻa).

• hoʻohui i nā pīpī lāʻau ma lalo o ka smokehouse (i manaʻo maikaʻi i ka juniper), kau i ke ahi,
• hoʻomākaukau i ka iʻa: ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōʻā i ka ʻapoʻī liʻiliʻi, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mea nui mai ka inikini, kau i kahi ono (dill, pāhala) i loko o ka ʻōpū,
• kāwili i ka iʻa me ka paʻakai, kau i ka pa o ka smokehouse.

Mālama ʻia ka sargan i loko o ka smokehouse a hiki i ka mākaukau, ma ke ʻano he 40 minuke

Mālama ʻia ʻo Sargan i loko o ka smokehouse a hiki i ka mākaukau, ma ke ʻano he 40 mau minuke. Hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i loko o ka iʻa wela i ka umu. No ka hana ʻana i ka lole, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka lole maʻemaʻe mua me ka paʻakai, a laila hoʻohui ʻia me ka "uahi wai", waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pā kīwī a hoʻouna ʻia i ka umu no 50 mau minuke.

ʻO ka iʻa lāʻau ʻoki ʻoki

ʻO ke kaʻina o ke anuanu a ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hana, akā, ʻo ka mānoanoa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma kēia ala ke hiki ke mālama i nā makahiki a ʻaʻole pio o ko lākou ʻono.

• hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka iʻa, kau i ka lehelehe (maʻalahi kēia e hana ma o ka maka), paʻakai, waiho a kū no 3-5 lā,
• e hoʻolei i ka paʻakai keu: e hana i kēia, e kau i ka iʻa no 1-2 mau hola i ka wai anuanu, a laila holoi.
• maloʻo i ka lole i ka hamo o nā lā no 2-3 mau lā. No nā hopena maikaʻi loa, e hoʻokomo mua i nā lāʻau lāʻau i loko o ka ʻōpū,
• waiho i ka iʻa ma ka puka hoʻopiʻi i loko o kahi smokehouse kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, mai nā barela) me nā sawdust mai i alder a i ʻole juniper: hāʻawi lākou i ka uahi ʻala ʻona. ʻAʻole oi aku ka wela o ka uahi ma mua o 25º C.

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hio ʻana ka lawe ʻana mai ka 1 a hiki i ka 6 lā, e hilinaʻi ana i ka nui o ka iʻa. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka mākaukau e ka ʻike ʻana i ke kapa: lilo ia i maloʻo, loaʻa ka panula i kahi ʻulaʻoni gula gula.

ʻOkoʻa nā kīʻaha no ka kuke ʻana i kahi pākeke kahiko. I ka laulā, shkara ka iʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kona wai ponoʻī.

No nā papa momona o kā mākou e pono ai:

• ʻO 3-4 mau aniani (ʻoi aku ka nui,)
• hiki paha i nā ʻoliva (i hoʻopā a me ka piha ʻole).
• 2 mau lemona
• paʻi, mū
• ole aila ʻālaila (
• ka paʻakai, ka pepa, ka lau o ka bay (e hoʻāʻo).

Hoʻohui i nā huahana, pono e hoʻomākaukau i mua: 2 mau kīʻaha (kumu a me ke kōkua), nā niho niho e like me ka nui o nā iʻa.

Pono e lawa ʻia nā iʻa a paʻa me ke kīʻaha i loko o ka pā.

1. Hoʻokiʻoki i kahi ʻāpana o ka lemon me nā zest i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, e hoʻopiha iā lākou me nā ʻoliva.
2. I kahi mākaukau nui, hoʻoheheʻe i kahi ʻāpana o ka pata ma luna o ka wela wela, a laila e waiho i kahi ʻāpana o ka lau bay.
3. Kulu i nā kīʻaha iʻa, hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻōpū me nā niho niho, ka pīpī i loko o kahi pā kōkua no 10 mau kekona i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao i ka aila ʻaila maikaʻi, a laila e hoʻihoʻi i nā niho.
4. Iʻoki ʻoliki i loko o nā apo, hoʻokomo i kahi kāwele moʻo ma lalo o ka pā, ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka lau bay mai laila.
5. Ma ka uluna ʻākala, hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā kīʻaha iʻa me ko lākou ʻōpū ma lalo, paʻakai, ʻīpī.
6. E kau i kahi ʻoliva i kāʻei ʻia i ka lemon a me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o kēlā me kēia pā.
7. Kiʻi nui i ka iʻa me ka hoʻokaʻawaʻi aniani o nā aniani o ke aniani a ninini nui i nā wai lemon.
8. E hoʻohui i kahi wai e uhi ai i ka iʻa.
9. Kapuni, simmer no 20 mau minuke.

Paki! ʻAʻohe mea e hoʻoneʻe i ka pale a hiki i ka hopena o ke kaʻina hoʻohemo: ʻo kēia ala ka mea i paʻa i ka pā.