ʻO Ambistoma ʻoli
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema

• Salamandra opaca Gravenhorst, 1807

ʻO Ambistoma ʻoli (lat. Ambystoma opacum) - he ʻano no ka ambistomaceous, loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻAmelika.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka ambistoma Marble kahi hale hana maikaʻi i kālai ʻia, stocky salamander me nā kaula ākea. I nā wahine wahine hina nui nā pālolo, i nā kāne ʻoi lākou ke poʻo. Hoʻoulu ka mea pākeke i 11 cm, kahi mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā poʻe inoa ʻē aʻe o ke ʻano. E like me ka hapa nui o nā poʻe ambistomite, noho lākou i kaū malū, ua hoʻolilo i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma lalo o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​lua. I ka manawa pinepine, ʻike ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka wā o ko lākou neʻe ʻana i ka wai i loko o nā loko, kahi lākou e hānai ai.

ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho

Loaʻa ka mau ʻaumea Marmer ma ka hikina ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, mai ke kūkulu hema o ʻEnelani a hiki i ke kūkulu ʻākau o Florida, ma ke komohana a me Texas. Loaʻa iā lākou ma New Hampshire, ʻoiai he 2 mau mea i loaʻa ma laila.

Noho lākou i ka nahele ulu, ma nā wahi me ka lepo palupalu. No ka hānai makemake lākou i nā kahe e hiki ai i nā manawa, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau nā salamanders pakeke i ka wai.

ʻO keʻano

He kino kino kūlike ʻo Ambistomia, nā wāwae kīwī, kahi ʻūhā lōʻihi lōʻihi, kahi poʻo ākea ke loaʻa nei nā maka liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, aia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me nā mea ʻoluʻolu e pili ana. ʻO kēia mau mea a pau i nā holoholona nani a nani loa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me nā mōʻī aku aku no ka aquarium.

ʻAʻole lōʻihi lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka ambisto, 10-20 cm.ʻO ka ʻelele nui o ka ʻohana - ʻo Tiger ambistoma, hiki ke ulu i ka 28 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻoi paha, ka hapalua o kēia lōʻihi e hāʻule ma ka huelo.

Axolotl: nā kiʻi a me nā wehewehe

ʻO nā mea ambistomes he mau holoholona neotenic. ʻO kēia ke kiʻi a hiki i kā lākou lolo ke hoʻokō me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka metamorphosis. Ke hele nei i ke kahua o ka larva, hiki i nā ambistome ke hoʻopuka.

ʻO kekahi larva o kahi ambistoma hiki i neoteny ke Axolotl. ʻAʻole ka mālama wale ʻia o kā lākou mea kū a me ka mea i hiki i ko lākou wā ulu i ka wā mua, akā i ka hiki ke hiki i kēia pae hoʻomohala no kahi manawa lōʻihi. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻololi i ka pākeke a i ʻole.

ʻO kahi manaʻo kupaianaha ʻo Axolotl he mea kupanaha hou. Hiki i ka larva ke ulu i nā lālā āpau a me kekahi mau kino o loko.

Nā Salamanders
ʻO Salamanders kekahi puaʻa o nā amphibians i kāhea ʻia, nona ka 7 mau ʻano.

Nā Aliʻi
He ʻohana ʻohana ʻo Sirens e pili ana i nā amphibians caudate e loaʻa ai nā ʻano he 4 wale nō.

Ambistoma - wehewehe, ʻano, ʻano

ʻO waho, he like like ka ambistoma i nā amphibian caudate ʻē aʻe - ʻo ka salamander, a ma ko lākou ʻāina maʻAmelika, a me kekahi mau'āina e ʻōlelo ai ka Pelekānia, ua kapa ʻia lākou he mole salamander, no ka mea ua lilo ka hapa nui o ke ola o nā ambistome ma lalo o ka hale.

He kino ikaika, a maloʻo ke ambistoma me nā ʻoka lōʻihi lōʻihi ma nā ʻaoʻao a me kahi ʻoi lōʻihi a puni i ka kumu. E maʻule ka ʻili, ʻaʻohe palaualelo. Kūpiki a pōkole nā ​​wāwae. He 4 mau manamana lima nā holoholona mua, ʻelima mau ʻāpana lima. Ua pālahalaha ke poʻo, pani ʻia, me nā maka liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana ambistos he mau ʻulaʻula like ʻole me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula a me nā hiʻohiʻona ākea: mai nā wahi polū a hiki i nā kaula ākea ākea.

Loaʻa nā lālā āpau o ka ʻohana i ka vertebrae lua a wehe ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi iwi cula ma ka ʻūhā. ʻO nā niho Palatine he mea hoʻohuli.

ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o kahi ambistoma mai 10 mau makahiki a keu paha.

Axolotl, a i ʻole larva o kahi ambistoma

Ua loaʻa ka kaulana a Ambistome ma muli o kā lākou hulale pae - axolotl, e hele mua ana i ka moekolohe a hiki ke hoʻohua me ka ʻole o ka hopena i ka metamorphosis a ʻaʻole e huli i ka amphibian makua. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano neoteny a loaʻa nui paha inā loaʻa i nā ʻōpū i loko o nā loko wai hohonu me ka wai anuanu. Ma ka wai anuanu a me ka ea, hoʻopau i ka metamorphosis me ka nele ʻole.

ʻO ka manawa pinepine loa, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka inoa "axolotl" i ka larva o ka Ambistoma Mekiko. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, axolotl ʻo ia ka larva o kekahi ambistoma. Ma kahi unuhi maoli mai ka ʻōlelo Aztec ʻōlelo axolotl (axolotl) ʻo ia ka "dog dog (monster)", he ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. Ma muli o ke poʻo nui ʻōpiopio, ka waha ākea a me nā maka liʻiliʻi, i ka ʻūlū mau ʻana ka axolotl. Hoʻopili nā mea kanu waho i nā ʻaoʻao, i kekahi mau mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā kaʻina branching, hoʻohui i ka manaʻo like ʻole. ʻO nā Axolotls, e like me nā hua manu ʻē aʻe o nā amphibians i kālai ʻia, he poʻe predator, ʻoi aku, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeuʻeu i nā wahi i hoʻopau ʻia a nalowale paha o nā mea o ke kino, ʻo nā ʻuhane o loko.

I ka home, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pono e pono ai, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka axolotl i kahi amphibian ma o nā mea kūlohelohe, neʻe pinepine ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka amphibian i kahi wahi maloʻo a hoʻohui pū i ka hormone thyroxine i kāna meaʻai.

Nā ʻano o nā ambist, nā inoa a me nā kiʻi

ʻO ke ʻōnaehana ʻōiwi o ka ambistomia e nānā pinepine ʻia. Kuhi i ka genus ambistome i hoʻokahi mau ʻano 33, ʻo ka genus nui ambistome ka mea 1 mau ʻano a me nā subspecies. ʻO ka aʻe kahi e wehewehe nei i kekahi o lākou:

• Kelepona Tiger(Ambystoma tigrinum)

ulu ke lōʻihi o 28 cm, me nā hapalua o ke kino o ka huelo. Aia ma kahi o nā alaka he 12 ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka amphibian, a hiki i ke ʻula ke ʻeleʻele i ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole a ʻoliva paha i ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻalala a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ākea e pālahalaha ana ma ke kino. Loaʻa i nā wāwae mua he 4 mau manamana lima, nā wāwae hind - 5. I loko o ke ao, ʻo ka tiger ambistomes ka hots i nā lua, a ma ka pō ke ʻai i nā pōpoki a me ka pōʻaiʻe ma nā mollusks a me nā iniseti like ʻole. ʻO nā Axolotls mau mele kiaʻi i mālama ʻia e like me nā holoholona aquarium. Loko kaulana a albinos - kūmole kanaka kūlike i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā kaola o waho ma ka ʻulaʻula ulaula. Noho ʻo Tiger ambistoma ma kahakai o nā loko, nā loko wai a me nā muliwai mai ka ʻākau Mexico a hiki i Kanada.

• ʻO Ambistoma ʻoli(Ambystoma opacum)

ʻokoʻa i loko o ke kino ikaika a paʻa i ke kino: a i nā kāne ʻehā nui, ʻoi aku nā kāne. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka mea nona ka pākeke a ka makua he 10 cm wale nō. ʻO ke ʻano o ke aniani o ka ʻōpala ma ke ʻano he metamorphosis holoʻokoʻa i loko o 2-6 mau mahina, e ʻai ana i ka daphnia, nā cyclops, a me nā zooplankton ʻē aʻe. ʻAi pū kekahi mau ʻōpiopio nui i ka hua o nā ʻāpana ʻĀmaʻomaʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka papa ʻai o nā ʻona lawaiʻa a ka pākeke ʻōpiopio ka milipedes, nā pōpoki a me nā gastropod, e komo pū ana me nā snails a me nā slugs. ʻAʻole like me nā ambistos ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka marmer ambistomes ʻano i ka hāʻule. Holo ka noho ʻana o nā ambistomy i holo ai i nā panalāʻau o ka hikina a me ke komohana o US: mai Connecticut a me Florida a me Texas a me Illinois.

• Ambistoma Kikowaena ʻeleʻele(Ambystoma maculatum)

ʻano o nā ʻōpū ʻoliʻuku liʻiliʻi, e ulu ana a hiki i 15-25 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Amphibian e nā ʻili ʻeleʻele me nā ʻeleʻele ʻalaʻulaʻula ma ke kua, ʻoiai ka mea ʻike ʻia nā specimeens ʻokoʻa. ʻO kahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano ʻano he ʻano kupaianaha loa: Oophila amblystomatis algae noho i ke kino o ka ambistoma a hiki i ka papa o kahi o ka hua, ka mea e hoʻomoʻa i nā hua a me nā embryos i ʻōmaʻomaʻo. No nā kumu ʻike ʻole i ka ʻepekema, ʻaʻole pane mai ka ʻōnaehana ʻoihana holoholona i kekahi ʻano i ke ʻano o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Noho ka ʻeleʻele mau melemele i loko o ka hale o lalo i ke kahe ʻana o ka lā ma ke ʻano he ua wale nō. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻōpio ʻōpala i nā ʻōpala, nā slugs a me nā mea ʻino. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano nui ma waena o nā panalāʻau hikina o ka USA a me Kanada. ʻO ka ambistoma ʻāpana ʻeleʻele kekahi hōʻailona o South Carolina.

• Nā kime ambistoma(Ambystoma annulatum)

ʻano manuʻʻai haʻahaʻa, nona nā ʻelele i hoʻohana i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma nā pā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka ambistoma he 14-18 cm.ʻānai ka amphibian i nā ʻōpala, snails, a me nā pepona. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka laulā o nā ʻano i ka poʻokela a kāwili ʻia me nā kumu lāʻau i loaʻa ma nā wahi mauna ma ke komohana hema o ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia i nā moku o Arkansas, Oklahoma a me Missouri. Noho ka ambistome i loko o nā ululāʻau, ʻoi aku ka makemake e noho kokoke i nā loko liʻiliʻi.

• Ambistoma pōkole? o ia kaxas salamander(Hexanum ʻo ambystoma)

kekahi ʻano ua loaʻa i kona inoa mahalo i kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi me kahi muzzle pōkole. ʻO ke kino kino o nā pākeke mai 10 a 18 cm, 14-16 nā alaloa kumukūʻai i hala ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā moʻo wahine ma ka ʻili a ʻokoʻa i nā ʻili i kahi ʻē aʻe. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻili o ka ʻili a i ka uliuli mālamalama, ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao i uhi ʻia i nā wahi kala. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka ambistoma pōkole o ka pākeke i haku ʻia nā ʻalā o nā pepeke (nā pipi, nā spider, millipedes), a me nā ʻōpū honua, slugs a me nā kau. Noho ka poʻe ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i ka nahele a me nā ʻōpala e kokoke ana i nā wai wai hou; ʻike ʻia nā kanaka ʻelele ma nā puʻu mauna. Hoʻomaka ʻia nā ʻano ʻano mai Ohio mai, ma Nebraska a me Kentucky, a hiki loa i ke Kaiā o Mexico.

• Blue Ambistoma ʻona(Ambystoma laterale)

ua loaʻa kona inoa ma muli o nā polū polu-uliuli a ʻulaʻula e uhi ana i ke kino o nā pākeke. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o nā specimens pākeke ma mua o 8-14 cm. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio'ōpiopio i hoʻopau hou i ka metamorphosis i kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele me nā wahi melemele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻili ma ko lākou kua, ʻoiai ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻili o ka ʻili. ʻIke ka poʻe Ambistome i kā lākou kumu punahele o ka meaʻai, nā ʻano invertebrates, i nā pala lau i hāʻule ai, ma lalo o nā lāʻau a me nā pōhaku. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ambistomes a uliuli nā ʻūhā, nā ʻāina nūhou a me nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻano mai ka ʻaoʻao hema o Canada, ma New England a ʻo Indiana a me New Jersey.

• Mesh ambistoma(Ambystoma cingulatum)

hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi ʻāpana ʻili kala pihi i ke kahakaha ʻeleʻele ʻole a i ʻole kahi hina hina, aia ma ke kino a pau, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o ka ʻōpū. I kekahi mau kanaka, ua hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻāpana kālā kala i nā apo māmā ma ke kua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā pākeke, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka huelo, he 8-13 cm.

• HawaiiDebramptodon tenebrosus)

ʻano nui o nā ambistos nunui me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 30-34 cm.ʻolo kēia wahi i ka palena o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, me Canada, Washington hoʻi, a uhi i nā mokuʻāina o Oregon a me Kaleponi. E makemake ʻo Amphibian e noho i nā nāhelehele nāhelehe, e pili ana i nā kahawai wai a me nā loko, i nā kahe. Mālama i nā rodents liʻiliʻi, nā mice a me nā shrews, nā amphibians ʻē aʻe, nā snails, slugs. Hiki i nā ʻona ʻana o ka Pākīpika ke ʻeli i nā pōkā hohonu a me ka lōʻihi. I ka wā pōʻino, hana pinepine lākou i nā leo kani e like me ka ulu ʻana, a hiki ke huhū nui.

ʻAuhea e noho ai nā ambistome?

ʻO nā nahele maloʻo ikaika o ka ambist a me nā ʻōpala mānoanoa nā mea punahele maikaʻi loa o ka ambist. Hoʻopau ka hapa nui o nā ʻōhua i ka ʻĀkau ʻAmelika: e hoʻomaka ana ka huina ma ke komohana hema o Kanada, a me ke ʻano o ke komohana o Alaska a me Mexico.

Noho ʻo Ambistoma wale nō, ma ka ʻāina, hoʻokokoke i ka wai wale nō i ka wā ulu. I ka wā o ka lā, ua hū ka ʻakaʻō i loko o nā hale kiaʻi kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ​​pua a i waiho ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a hele mai i ka maka i ka pō, i ka wā e ua ai a i ka hau mua paha. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano ambistos hoʻoilo i nā pua like.

He aha nā mea ambistoma e ʻai ai?

ʻAno nui nā larvae ambistome a, ʻoiai me nā zooplankton like ʻole (Daphnia, Bosmin, Cyclops), ʻai i nā hua iʻa a me ko lākou mau hoahānau. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana o ka hānai ʻana o nā pālaki e noho ana ma ka ʻāina ka ʻano o nā invertebrates a me kā lākou hulina: worm, grasshoppers, crickets, slugs, snails, millipedes, spiders, beetles. Ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, no ka laʻana, hiki i kahi ambistoma ke hele ʻole me ka meaʻai i kahi manawa iki, e peʻe ana i kona mau wahi.

ʻĀlio aloha

No ka hoʻouluulu ana, pono i nā mea kūʻai mai ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​lūlū o ka nui o ka nahele, no laila e hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā wā māmoli i ka wā o ka hele ʻana i ka nui o nā kahua ulu. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ambistois i ka pūnāwai, akā ʻo kekahi e hana i kēia i ka wā o ka hāʻule.

Mālama ʻo Males i kahi spermatophore me kahi ʻona, a lawe nā wahine iā ia ma ke ʻano he cesspool a, ma ka huli, e waiho i nā ʻolua caviar i loaʻa mai i nā pūkolo he 500 a me kahi pākaʻi a hiki i 2.6 mm.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ambistoma caviar, waiho ʻia i loko o ka wai mahana, i loko o 19-50 mau lā, ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai o nā pua mai 1.3 a 1.7 cm ka lōʻihi.

Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻōhū a hoʻomohala i ka wai mai ka 2 a hiki i 4 mau mahina, i ka wā e nalowale aniani ai kā lākou mau pua a me nā hōʻiliʻili, nā māhina o ko lākou mau maka no nā kenekulia, ulu ka māmā, a loaʻa i ke kino ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻano.

Hele nā ​​ambistome i ka ʻāina, e ulu ana i 8-8.6 cm, a hoʻomohala hou, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano ʻāina.

ʻAʻole komo ka wahine i ka wā lulu i ka wai, akā waiho i nā hua ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, aia ma ka pūnāwai e wai nui ʻia i ka wai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻai i nā wahi ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau i hāʻule a mālama hoʻi i nā kumulāʻau, i loko o nā lua eli liʻiliʻi. Ma ka ua hoʻohemo, na ke pākāʻau e hānai ana i ka hāʻule like ʻole, ma nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, hānau lākou i ka hānau ʻana a hānau koke i ka wa i hoʻopuʻi ʻia ka pili.

ʻO ka koho ʻana o ka salamander marmer.

Loaʻa ka makander maʻa ma ka kokoke loa o ʻAmelika hikina, ma Massachusetts, waena o Ilinoi, hema hema a me Oklahoma, ma ke komohana ʻo Texas, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e kū pono ana i ke Kaiwa ʻo Mexico a me ke kahakai hikina. Ua haʻaleleʻo ia ma ka Penina Florida. Loaʻa nā poʻe kaʻawale i ka ʻākau ma Missouri, Central Illinois, Ohio, ma ke komohana ʻākau a me ke komohana ʻākau ma Indiana a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Lake Lake a me Lake Erie.

Malikimaka (Keahole)

Hōʻowehiwehi laumele.

Noho ka salamanders kanaka ʻelemakule e noho i nā nahele nalo, pinepine ma nā loko wai a me nā kahawai wai. Hiki i kēia mau salamanders ke loaʻa i kekahi manawa ma nā puʻu maloʻo, akā ʻaʻole kahi mamao mai ka wahi paʻū. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana, ʻaʻole ka hopena o ka hoʻohua ʻana o ka salamander marmer i ka wai. ʻIke lākou i nā loko i maloʻo, loko wai, nā ʻapu a me nā kāʻei, a hoʻomoe nā wahine i kā lākou hua ma lalo o nā lau. Hoʻoulu nā hua i ka wā e hoʻoulu hou ai i nā loko wai a kau i ka wai ma hope o ka ua nui. I uhi ʻia ka masonry me kahi ʻāpana o ka lepo, nā lau, silt. I nā noho maloʻo, hiki ke loaʻa ka salamander marmona ma nā pali pōhaku a me nā kīhāpai i kālai ʻia a me nā ʻōkeke one. Hūlū ʻia nā ʻaumia ʻelemakule ma ka ʻāina ma lalo o nā mea ʻokoʻa a i lalo o lalo.

Nā hōʻailona kūmole o ka salamander marmer.

ʻO Marmar salamander kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻohana Ambystomatidae. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka amphibians i ka lōʻihi he 9-10.7 cm.ʻoma ʻia kēia ʻano i kapa ʻia i ka pita salamander, ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o nā wahi nui keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha ma ke poʻo, ke kua a me ka huelo. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine a loaʻa nā ʻāpana nui-kala-keʻokeʻo. I ka wā ulu, lilo nā ʻūhā i keʻokeʻo a hoʻonui i nā kelepona a puni ke kane maleaca.

Salamander i ka hoʻomohala ʻana

ʻO ka hana hou i ka lauander marmer.

He hanana kanu ʻokoʻa loa ka salamander marmer. Ma kahi o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua ʻai i loko o nā pūnāwai a i ʻole nā ​​loko wai i loko o nā mahina mahina, e waiho ana kahi salamander margar i ka lepo. Ma hope o ka hālāwai ʻana o ke kāne i ka wahine, ua neʻe pinepine ʻo ia i loko o kahi pōʻai me ia. A laila hoʻonaninani ke kāne i kona huelo i ka nalu a hoʻōla i ke kino. Ma hope o kēia, hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo ia i ka spermatophore ma ka lepo, a lawe ka wahine i ka cesspool.

Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hele ka wahine i ka waiwai nui a koho i kahi pohō liʻiliʻi i loko o ka honua.

Aia ka wahi o ka masonry ma kahakai o ka loko wai a i ʻole kahi maloʻo maloʻo o ka pāheu, i kekahi mau wā i loaʻa ai ka nīnū ma kahi kaona pōkole. Ma ka pili ʻana o kanalima a hiki i hoʻokahi haneli hua, aia ka wahine ma kahi kokoke i ka hua ʻala a hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ua lohi, hoʻomohala nā hua, inā ʻaʻole hāʻule ka ua, paʻa mau ka hua i ka hoʻoilo, a inā ʻaʻole e emi iho ka nui o ka mahana, a laila hiki i ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.

Mai nā hua hua i ʻike ʻia ai nā hua o ka hina hina o 1 cm lōʻihi, ulu nui lākou, e hānai i ka zooplankton. ʻAi pū nā ʻōpala o nā hua ʻōlelo i nā amphibian a me nā hua. ʻO ka manawa i hele ai ka metamorphosis kau ʻia ma kahi o ke ʻano kikoʻī. Ma muli o ʻelua mau mahina he iwakālua i nānā ʻia ma ke ʻano hema i loaʻa mai ai; ʻO nā salamanders ʻōpiopio e pili ana iā 5 cm lōʻihi, a hiki i ka wā ākea i ka makahiki o 15 mau mahina.

Masonry kinipōpō marander.

ʻO ka ʻano e pili ana i ka makander marmer.

ʻO nā amphibians kūmole makela. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa hūnā ʻia ma lalo o nā lau hāʻule i lalo a i lalo paha i kahi hohonu a hiki i hoʻokahi mita. Kū kekahi, hūnā nā salamanders pākeke mai nā mea predator i hoʻokahi lua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mākaukau o ka pilikino i kekahi i ka wā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai. Loaʻa pinepine nā wahine a me nā kāne i ka wā o ka wā mālama. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpio ma nā wahi moena, ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o nā wahine.

Ka hoʻokūkū ola

Hoʻolilo ka hapanui o ka wā nui i ko lākou ola ma ka lepo, nā lau hāʻule, akā i ka wā kanu e hiki mai ana lākou i ka ihu i ka pō. Hele mai nā pākeke i ka papa ma ka nui o ka ua a me / a i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hau kulu mua. Hoʻomaka i ka hāʻule, ka mea maʻamau mai Sepatemaba a hiki i Dekemaba. Hoʻokomo nā wahine i nā hua manu ma nā pūʻulu he 120 a ʻokiʻoki ma lalo o nā lāʻau a i nā palu paha i nā mea kanu i nā wahi haʻahaʻa, hiki paha i nā wai i ka wā hoʻoilo. ʻ dig ka wahine i kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi i ka lepo palupalu a waiho i nā hua ma laila. Inā ua ua, a laila i ka hāleu ʻōleʻe i ka lulu i ka hoʻoilo a i ka hoʻoilo paha. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke overwinter i ka hatch wale nō i ka pūnāwai. Kūleʻa ka ʻōkuhi ʻōkuhi ma hope o ka hoʻohemo ʻia o ka nano. Hāʻawi lākou i ka nui ma luna o ke koʻi o ka salamander Jefferson a me ka salamander kikoʻī ʻia, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai lākou e hānai a ulu i hoʻokahi mau mahina ma mua. Mālama ka lāʻau o nā ʻōpū ma lalo o ka metamorphosis i ka metamorphosis i ka makahiki 2 mau makahiki ma nā ʻaoʻao i ke kūkulu hema o ka pae, akā ma ka ʻākau o ka pae, hiki iā lākou ke noho mau pūkani no nā mahina ʻeono. E like me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka huaʻuhane, ua noho lōʻihi nā lau ma hope, 8-10 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha (Taylor and Scott, 1997).

Kūkulu o ka salamander marmer.

E pili ana i ka pahu hoʻokalakupua, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi o ke kino, nā mea ʻapo kūleʻa, e hoʻopau ana i nā meaʻai nui. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana o nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke, slugs, snails.

Hōʻele wale ʻo Marander salamander no ka neʻe ʻana i ka mea pio, ua hoʻowalewale lākou i ka ʻohu o ka mea i make, ʻaʻole lākou e hānai i ka kāula.

ʻO nā hua wīwī o ka salamanders marmer he mau kānaka kūleʻa ikaika, hoʻoili ʻia lākou i loko o nā kino wai pōkole. ʻAi lākou i ka zooplankton (ka nui mau copepods a me cladocerans) i ka manawa i puka mua ai lākou mai nā hua hua. Ke ulu nei lākou, huli lākou e hānai i nā pōkā nui nui (isopods, nā ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi), nā pepeke, snails, nāʻaila palu liʻiliʻi, nā caviar amphibian, a i kekahi manawa ke ʻai i nā salamanders pōkole liʻiliʻi. Ma nā loko wai ulu, nā mea kanu ulu o ka marima salamander e ʻai ai i nā kumulā i hāʻule i ka wai. Hōʻalo ʻia nā kumulāʻau maʻa nā manu e kū pono ʻole i nā nāhelehele (nāhelehele, nā raccoons, nā manu, nā ʻoni, nā ʻoni, nā ʻano. Aia nā hona ʻona i kau ʻia ma ka huelo e pale aku ai e pale aku i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana.

ʻO ke kūlana ʻoniʻoni ʻana i ke kumukānāwai marmer.

Ka ʻaumekea ma ka ʻĀpana Kūʻē ʻo Michigan i ka ʻĀina Kānāwai o Pūnaewele. Ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻo kēia ʻano o nā amphibians ka mea ʻawaʻawa a makaʻu ʻia a ʻo ia paha ke ʻano o nā amphibians maʻamau. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka papa inoa ʻona o ka IUCN.

ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka salamander marmer ma ka ʻāina o nā loko nui he nui no ka emi ʻana o nā wahi noho, akā ʻo nā hopena o ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka pā o ka honua ma mua o ka honua he kumu nui i ka hōʻemi o nā helu.

Hoʻokomo ka hoʻoweliweli nui i ka pae kūloko i ka hoʻopili ikaika ʻana e luku wale ana i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe wale nō, akā hehi ʻana, ke kāwili lāʻau wao nahele, a me nā lāʻau kahi i hāʻule i nā wahi kokoke i nā wahi hana. Hōʻino ka hale noho i ka luku a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ma o ka wai ʻana o nā hale ʻeleʻele, kahi hūnā i nā iwi o kahi alo marmar salamander, e hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi pae pōʻino o nā keaka pili a me ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā hana a me ka hoʻopiʻi o nā ʻano.

E pau paha nā salamanders Marble, e like me nā holoholona holoholona ʻē aʻe, e like me nā hemahema o nā ʻano amphibian ma muli o ka nalowale. ʻO kēia ʻano ka mea i pili i ka kālepa holoholona holoholona hihiu, a i kēia manawa ke kaʻina kūʻai aku ʻaʻole i palena ʻia e ke kānāwai. ʻO nā mea e pono ai ka pale a me nā pahuhopu o nā mālamoa marmela ka pale ʻana o nā loko a me nā ululāʻau e pili ana, ʻaʻole i emi iho ma lalo o 200-250 mika mai ka wai, i ka manawa pono, pono hoʻi e hooki i ka haki o ka nahele.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.