Hiki i kēia lawenaʻa holoholona i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ʻo ka hapanui o nā holoholona hihiu mai Malaki a Iulai. Aia ia i ka wahine a me ka peke a he ʻolima a i ʻole, ka nalo o ka ʻeke a i ʻole, i ʻole, i hoʻomohala ʻia. Noho ka wahine hānai 3 wiki. Hiki i ka wahine ke loaʻa i nā pēpē 24. Eia naʻe, aia i loko o ka peke a ka makuahine he 6 ʻōpio, no laila ke ola wale nō nā pēpē, ʻo ia ka poʻe e hiki mua i ka ʻū i nā mua. He pihi papaha o kahi quoll e wehe i hope, uhi ʻia me ka uhi o ka ʻili, ka hana a ka mea e pani pono ai i ka pēke ke loaʻa nā pahu i loko.

Ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, piʻi nā apo i nā ʻeke a hoʻopili ikaika i nā ʻōwili. Hōʻalo nā ʻōpiopio a kau nā pēpē ma luna o lākou, no laila ʻaʻole e hāʻule nā ​​pōneki mai ka ʻeke. ʻO nā paona hou o 12-15 mg wale nō. Ma hope o 15 pule, kuʻakaʻu ko lākou mau maka. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, waiho lākou i ka ʻeke pōkole, akā hoʻi pinepine ia e inu i ka waiū. Kūpono nā holoholona liʻiliʻi loa mai 4-5 mau mahina.

KUMAIUAI

He kanaka akamai ʻo Kwall, he mea maalea huluhulu, noho ma nā wao maloʻo, ma nā puʻu pāpū ākea, me nā māla a me nā wahi hānai o Kepani Hema. I kēia manawa, noho ka nui o nā poʻe he nui i kēia kaila ma Melbourne a me Sydney, akā ma kēia mau wahi i ka makahiki 1901-1903 ua make nā holoholona mai nā epizootics (me ka hoʻomakeʻa ʻia o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi o ka holoholona). ʻO ka manawa hope loa i ʻike ʻia i kēia marsupial marten kokoke i Sydney i ka 70s o XX mau kenekulia. I kēia mau lā, nui ka lehulehu o nā marsupial martens e noho ana ma Tasmania. Ma ka mokupuni o Australia kahi he nui nā kānaka noho kaawale i kēia mau holoholona ma kahi o ka hānai mau ʻia. Pali pololei ʻo Kvall i nā lāʻau, akā ka hapa nui o ka manawa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻo ia ma ka lepo. I ke awakea, ke hiamoe pinepine ka holoholona i loko o kahi pali pōhaku aiʻole i ka hoka o kahi lāʻau i hoka ʻia me nā lau. I ka wā o ka hiamoe, kuʻi a me ka marsupial marten i kahi pōpō.

HE MEA KUKAI

No Marsupial marten quoll pili i ka ʻohana o nā momi o Ausetalia, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo marsupials predatory.

ʻIke ʻia kēia holoholona no kona wīwī. ʻO ka holoholona marten pau i ka holoholona liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā mea inikini, nā momi liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, i kekahi manawa i ka iʻa a me ka reptile. He holoholona nocturnal ka Kwoll. ʻOi ka ikaika o ka holoholona i ke kakahiaka a i ke kakahiaka. I ka wā o ka hahai holoholona, ​​ua hilinaʻi ia i kāna hoʻolohe maikaʻi loa a me ke ʻano o ka ʻono. Marsupial marten moe lā i loko o ke kakali e like me ka moʻolelo. ʻO kekahi manawa noho ʻo ia ma ka lālā lalo o kahi kumulāi e kali ana no ke hoʻokokoke ʻole ʻana e hoʻokokoke aku, a laila lele koke iā ia. Inā ʻoe e hoʻokele e hopu i ka mea i make, a laila make ka kwoll me ke kahu o ka ʻāʻī. Hoʻopau aku ka poʻe mahiʻai i kēia mau mea huna i ka wā e luku ai lākou i ka moa. I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia nā holoholona ma waho o nā kūlanakauhale i mea ʻai lākou i ka ʻai. Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, mahalo nui ka poʻe Australia i ka Kwolls no ka pepehi ʻana i nā kiʻi, mauʻu, a me nā mea ʻōpio.

KA WAIWAI HOOKAHI. E IKE ANA ANA I KA MEA.

• ʻO ka marsupial predatory ka mea liʻiliʻi holoholona manuahi insectivorous - nā kiʻī marsupial, me ka mea nui loa marsupial predator ka mea i noho ai ma Tasmania - ʻo ia ka welu marsupial, ka mea like me nā mea wīwī mai ka ʻohana wolf. I kēia lā, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka ʻīlio marsupial he mau manu piha.
• Ua kapa ʻia ka Pākēi mua ka quoll a cat i kūloko, no ka mea hoʻomanaʻo ia iā lākou i kahi pōpoki home Europa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua like nā marts marial me nā pōpoki.

KA MANAO KOKOHE O NĀ KOLOHE. NA PALAPALA HOOPII

Kulawani: hoʻololi: hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona mai ke ʻāpana like ke loaʻa i nā waiho like ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo nā holoholona he ʻoliva-ʻulaʻula i ka waihoʻoluʻu, akā, hiki ke ʻeleʻele, me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā hina.

Kauwe: palalulu, papalaha a pōkole.

Nāwahā: me ke kōkua o nā puʻe koʻikoʻi āna e kau ai ma luna o nā manamana lima, e piʻi maikaʻi ka quoll lāʻau.

Laʻi: me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pale, hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia kona poʻo.

- Habitat marten habitat

MEA LOA

Ko Kwall kahi i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma Tasmania, a ma nā wahi he nui o ka ʻĀpelika Hema.

KAUPUNI A ME KA PONO

ʻOiai ka nui o ka corolla ma Tasmania, ʻoiai ka nui o kona heluna ma ka ʻāina o Australia. Ua luku ʻia ʻo martupial martens e nā poʻe mahiʻai e manaʻo nei iā lākou e hoʻopau i ka moa.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻāpana

ʻO keʻano Hiki i ka Kvollov ke hoʻomaka me ka hoʻāʻo pinepine i kēia holoholona me kahi ferret, marten a mongoose - a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, kahi ʻano like ʻole o kēlā me kēia holoholona.

ʻO ka inoa Pelekane ka inoa o ka quoll ka inoa ʻo "cat kūlia hikina" - akā, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pōʻai ma muli o kona ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

ʻOiai, ʻo ka paona nui no nā kāne he 2 kilograms, no nā wahine - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, e pili ana i 1 kilograma, a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino, ma kahi mau he 40 mau kenimika.

I ke kiʻi, ʻaʻa ka holoholona

ʻO ka huelo o ka quoll a lōʻihi loa, mai 17 a 25 paha kenimika, i uhi ʻia me ka hulu hipa. ʻO ka pokole ka pōkole, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā wāwae hind ma mua o ka mua. ʻEiki ʻia ka muzzle, kuhikuhi i ka ihu, me nā pepeiao pōkole.

He palupalu loa ke kapa, palala, paʻakikī. ʻOkoʻa kona kala ʻulaʻula a hiki ke ʻeleʻele, a me nā ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi a me nā kaila keʻokeʻo e pālahalaha ana ma hope o ke kua.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka qualls ka hele ʻana ma loko o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine o kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi fluffy, i haku ʻia mai nā paʻu. I ke kūlana maʻamau, aneane ʻike ʻole, akā i ka manawa a ka wahine e mākaukau ai no ke ʻano o nā cubs, ʻo ka ʻeke (a i ʻole e pahu pipi i nui) e hoʻonui i ka nui, a lilo paha ka ʻike i nā ʻūpī.

He ʻano hoihoi ka pākēkē - wehe ia ʻaʻole like me nā marsupial e like me, no ka mea he kanggaru, akā hoʻi i ka huelo, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka pēpē o ka pēpē e koke koke a pili i ko lākou makuahine ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Aia he 6 mau ʻano marenupial marten i ʻike ʻia.

• pohō
• dwarf
• ʻO Geoffrey marsupial marten,
• Nūkini Guinean
• kele moana marsupial,
• marten quoll paule.

ʻO ka nui ka nui o ka tiger marsupial marten, ʻo ke kau palena maʻamau o kēia mau holoholona ma kahi o 5 kilograms. Nānā i quolla ʻaʻole wale ia i ke kiʻi - akā, ua lawe ʻia nā holoholona i ke Zoo Moscow, kahi i loaʻa ai lākou mai Leipzig - ma laila lākou e hana nei i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o kēia mau holoholona ma ke hoʻopio ʻana, a ua hoʻomaka mua lākou e pua.

13.07.2018

Nā Quolls a i ʻole marten marten marten Ua nalowale loa ʻo Dasyurus viverrinus ma luna o ka ʻĀina o Ausetalia i ka makahiki 1960, ua ola wale nō ma ka mokupuni ʻo Tasmania.

I ka manawa manawa, pālahalaha nā kola ma ke kaona hema o Australia, akā, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā maʻi like ʻole, nā kala ʻole e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka poachers a me ka make ʻana o ka nohona o kā lākou wahi noho i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua aneane kēia mau ʻano. Ua luku ʻia ʻo Marsupial martens e nā alopeke, ʻīlio, a me nā pōkiʻi i lawe ʻia mai i loko o Green Continent i ka kenekulia 20.

Ma Malaki o kēia makahiki, ua hana ʻia kahi hana hoʻākoakoa ma Ausetalia e hui hou (e hoʻomau i kahi heluna) nā corolla a Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he martens 20 keiki i loko o ka Booderee National Park Reserve ma ke kūkulu hema o Sydney.

I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻia ua hānau ʻia ʻekolu mau wahine mai kēia lehulehu aku a ʻehā i kēia mau pūʻali i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo kēia ka mea i makemake ai nā Kwolls i nā kūlana ola i ka mālama. Booderee National Park, ka mea i manaʻo ia aia i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hānau hou aku nā keiki ma laila a e pōmaikaʻi ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana.

No Australia, ʻo ia ka makana mua mua o ka hana hou ʻana o nā marsupial predatory, a ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau. 15 makahiki.

No kēlā me kēia holoholona i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ke kaila, ua kāʻei ʻia kahi kolamu GPS a hiki i ka mea mālama ke mālama i kēlā me kēia manawa kahi wahi e loaʻa ai nā holoholona hihiu.

Inā haʻalele kekahi mai ka kwall i ka ʻāina o ke kumu kūʻai a hele no nā wahi kanaka a me nā ala paha, ua ʻike lākou a hoʻihoʻi iā ia.

ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi nā kvolls i ka nui o kahi pōpoki liʻiliʻi, maʻa lākou i kaupaona ma mua o 1.5 kg, ʻaʻole eʻoi aku i ka 60 cm ka lōʻihi (me kahi ʻihi). Ua uhi ʻia ko lākou ʻiliʻeleʻele a i ʻole nāʻulaʻula i ke keʻokeʻo a he keʻokeʻo, a i ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau i like nā quills ma ke kea ma waena o nā rabi a me nā kaoos pokole (kvokki).

Hoʻohālike pinepine, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka quoll a me nā ferrets, martens a i ʻole mongooses, a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, i ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona i hiki ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia holoholona hoʻokahi.

Kvolls alakaʻi i kahi ola nocturnal, a i ke ao huna lākou i nā puʻu, nā pōhaku pohō a i ʻole nā ​​pua lāʻau. ʻO ka mea mahalo, nona kēlā me kēia holoholona i mau o nā keʻena, e neʻe mai kahi a i kekahi i kekahi.

Ua makemake ʻo Kvolls i kahi nohona noho wale ʻana a loaʻa i nā hoa hana wale nō i ka wā hana. Pale lākou i kā lākou ʻāina mai ka hoʻokuʻi ʻana mai o ko lākou mau kaikunāne ma nā kani nui a me ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā Kvolls i nā mea inikini, nā manu a me nā rodents, akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i ka ʻauhau. Mālama pū kekahi i nā hua, nā hua ʻai, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā lau.

Hānau ʻia nā wahine i kā lākou pēpē no ʻekolu mau pule. Hānau ʻia lākou a ʻōpio ʻole - 0.5 cm ka nui a me ke kaupaona ʻana i kekahi mau miligramus!

ʻO ka hoʻolālā hoihoi he pēke lau o ka quoll wahine - ke wehe like ʻole i ka nui o nā holoholona marsupial, e like me ka kangaroo, akā hoʻi i ka huelo i hiki i nā pēpē koke koke ke komo i loko o ka ʻeke a pili i ka makuahine.

ʻO ka maʻamau ka 4 a 8 mau pēpē i hānau ʻia, akā kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o kahi kaumao. ʻO nā wiki he 8 ka mua, ulu nā cubs i ka peke a ka makuahine, a laila neʻe hoʻi i hope.

Hoʻomaka kūlohelohe nā keiki pēpē i ka meaʻai i ka makahiki 4-5 mau mahina, a ma ka makahiki ua lilo lākou i ka moekolohe. He nui wale nā ​​ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i haʻalele hou i ko lākou makuahine i make i ka wao.

No ka manawa lōʻihi ua manaʻo ka poʻe mahiʻai o ʻAralia iā lākou he mea pōpoki, luku i nā heihei moa a me ka hana luku ʻia. Ua hiki iā Kvall ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka Tilacin i luku loa ʻia - ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka wana Marsupial Tasmanian, inā ʻaʻole ia no ka poʻe e ola ana ma Tasmania.

Eia nā inoa inoa i loko o ka papa inoa o IUCN Red List me ke kūlana "I kahi mokuʻāina i hoʻoweliweli ʻia."

Ma ke ala, ola nā quolls ʻaʻole i ka ululāʻau, akā, ma nā wahi hānai, nā ʻalāʻau alpine ma nā puʻu a me nā awāwa wai. Hoʻopau kēia mau holoholona i ka hapanui o ko lākou ola ma ka honua, piʻi lākou i nā lāʻau me ka lehelehe maoli, ʻaʻole ia ke hana pono no lākou.

He mau holoholona a maikaʻi ʻole kēia i ka holoholona a ola i ka awelika mai ka 3 a hiki i ka 5 mau makahiki. I nā Zoos e ola a hiki i 7 mau makahiki.

Hoʻopau ka noho ʻana o Kvoll a me nā noho ʻana

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano quolls mai Australia a me Tasmania; ma New Guinea, keleawe a me New marinean marsupials ola. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i loko o Ausetalia, nā kumulāʻau, no nā kumu like ʻole, aneane ʻaʻole i ola - ʻo ka hapanui o nā holoholona e noho ana i kahi o ka moku o Tasmania.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 20, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui loa kā lākou mau helu ma muli o nā maʻi ʻino. Eia ka mea i loko o ke kenekulia hope, ua luku ʻia ka nui o nā kuwala e nā mea mahiʻai no kā lākou hoʻopuʻi ʻana i ka moa a me nā mea ʻapo.

I kēia manawa, ua kākau inoa ʻia nā helu āpau o Australia i ka International Red Book e kokoke kokoke ana i kahi kūlana pilikia. Ke hana ʻia nei nā hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻihoʻi i ka helu o kēia mau holoholona predatory.

Noho ka quoll ʻaʻole wale ma nā ululāʻau, ua loaʻa ma nā wahi hānai a me nā wahi nahele alpine, ma nā wahi marshy a me nā awawa kahawai, ma nā wahi puʻu. I kekahi manawa, ua hauʻoli nā corvles a hiki i ka lewa o nā hale pilikino.

Kvoll - kahi holoholona pō pōpō. Ma ke ao ia e hūnā i nā hale noho, nā ʻulā nui o nā kumulāʻau, nā puʻu pōhaku a i ʻole nā ​​ʻūhā, a me ka hiolo nui i ka pō. Kīhoihoi kupanaha - kēlā me kēia holoholona, ​​ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, nona nā mau poka i hoʻokahi manawa, "neʻe" e hoʻohuli mai kekahi i kekahi.

Mahalo i nā pihi lau holomua a me ka huelo lōʻihi lōʻihi, hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ka marsupial marten i nā lāʻau, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake i ka hana nui loa, makemake ʻo ia i ke ʻano ʻāina e holo nei - holo maikaʻi nā holoholona a lele maikaʻi. ʻO kēia holoholona koʻikoʻi, ikaika a me ka wikiwiki.

Kwall kaona o kekahi mau minks i hoʻokahi manawa

ʻAʻole noho ʻo Kvolls i mau hui - e like me ko lākou ʻano hoʻokahi, e kiaʻi ʻo kēlā me kēia mākaʻikaʻi i kona wahi me ka hoʻōho nui a me ka hoʻopunipuni. Loaʻa wale nō nā Quolls i ka manawa o ka moena.

ʻO nā mea nui o nā marts marsupial he mau ʻiʻo hihiu, ʻīlio a me ka ʻalopeke, ka mea e hoʻouka pinepine i nā holoholona i ka hakakā ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka ʻū ʻana iā lākou mai kā lākou mau wahi noho. Ua lilo pinepine nā Quolls i mau hōʻino no ka diabolo Tasmania - ko lākou ʻohana pili.

Mea ʻai

Kvolls kokoke loa i kahi nui: nā pepeke a me kā lākou huaʻī, a me nā mammals liʻiliʻi, nā manu a me nā hua manu manu, nā reptile, hiki ke lilo i ka waiwai pio, ʻaʻole ia he mea paʻakikī iā lākou ke pepehi i ka lālani.

ʻAʻole haʻalele ka quollrrrrrr i ka ʻohana, nā koena i ka ʻai mai nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hola wale nā ​​holoholona ʻaʻole i ka meaʻai holoholona - ʻaʻole lākou e manaʻo e ʻai i nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā lau, nā lau, nā hua maloʻo a me nā hua.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Hoʻomaka ka wā matrimonial no nā Kvolls i ka hoʻoilo - ʻo ia ka manawa ʻo ʻAukake-ʻAukake. ʻIke ka kāne i ka wahine i ka honi - hōʻailona maoli ʻo ia i ke ala, e waiho ana i nā ʻanewa. ʻO nā kāne a i ka wā o ka huki, ʻo ke huhū, hakakā me ka hoʻokūkū, a hiki ke pepehi i ka wahine. Ma ka hopena o nā pāʻani haʻahaʻa, ua nui loa lākou.

Lawe ka wahine i nā ʻehā no ʻekolu pule. Ua hānau ʻia lākou he liʻiliʻi, 5mm lōʻihi a ke kaupaona nei i nā milligrams. Mai 4 a 8 mau cub, ua hānau ʻia, akā he mau minamina paha kekahi.

ʻO ka noho ola ʻana o nā cubs e hilinaʻi pololei i ka mea nāna i hana mua i ka ʻuha - ʻo ka wahine wale nō 6. I loko o ka ʻeke, ulu nā ʻōpala i nā 8-9 mau pule, a laila e hoʻāʻo mua ka haʻalele ʻana i ka makuahine a neʻe paha, hoʻopili i kona kua, hoʻomaka.

I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka quoll me nā cubs

A laila aʻo lākou e loaʻa i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī e pili aku i 4-5 mau mahina, ma kahi i ka manawa like lākou e hoʻōki ai i ka ʻai ʻana i ka waiū makuahine. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi ola hoʻolaʻa, make pinepine nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. A hiki i ka makahiki ulu mua nā keiki, ua akō lākou.

Kvoll - nā holoholona kokoke loa i ke ʻano, ʻaʻole lākou e ola lōʻihi, ma kahi hapa o 3-5 mau makahiki. I ka hoʻopio ʻia, lawe maikaʻi lākou a hiki ke ola a hiki i 7 mau makahiki.

He ʻauhau

Lūkia inoa - Lekahi Marsupial Marten (quoll)

Palapala inoa Latin - Dasyurus viverrinus

Pelekane Pelekane - ʻāpana kū (Kupa kūmole kumu)

Hoʻokomo ʻia - Nā mākau lawaiʻa (Dasyuromorphia)

Ohana - Predatory marsupial (Dasyu idae)

Kaukaʻikaʻi - Marsupial Marten (Dasyurus)

ʻO ka inoa inoa Latin no kēia ʻano, ʻo Viverrinus dasyurus, ua unuhi ʻia he "like me ka holoholona Ferret like me ka huelo fluffy."

Nā ʻano hiʻona ma ke ʻano

Kuhi ʻia nā mea ʻalaʻi ma ka International Red Book i kahi kokoke i ke kūlana o kaʻino o ka UICN (kokoke i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻia).

Mālama ia i ke kānāwai kuikela, ʻoiai ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Tasmania, kahi i ʻike nui ʻia ai nā ʻano ʻōiwi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kahi kānāwai ma kona pale.

ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā quolls nā pōpoki kekeʻe, ke hoʻoikaika ikaika nei iā lākou no ka meaʻai a me ka haʻalele ʻana i nā marts marsupial mai kā lākou wahi maʻamau. ʻO ka hoʻouka ʻia e nā ʻīlio, make ma lalo o nā huila o nā kaʻa, ʻaihue hewa ʻole e hoʻohana ana i nā maumona paona a me nā pahele e hāʻawi nō hoʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo i ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka marten speckled ma Mainland Australia. Ua aʻo ʻia nā biology o nā ʻano mea like ʻole, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā maʻi o kēia mau holoholona. ʻO ka lohi ʻana o nā maʻi i ka makahiki 1901-1903, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, i kahi hoe o ka nui o nā ʻano.

Aia paha ma Tasmania, hoʻopakele paha nā mea pili i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana he makos a me nā ʻalopeke ma kēia mokuʻāina mai ka pau ʻana o ka pau.

Ma ka ʻāpana ākea o Ausetalia (Nielsen Park ma nā wahi ʻo Sydney Waucluse), ʻo ka kope hope loa o ka ʻeneka i kālai ʻia (paʻi ʻia e kekahi kaʻa a pepehi ʻia) ua loaʻa iā Ianuali 31, 1963. Aia a hiki i ka 1999Ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka National Environmental Protection Service i ʻike lākou i nā holoholona ma ke kokoke o Sydney, akā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻike. ʻO nā ʻōpala i hopu ʻia ma ke komohana o Melbourne (Victoria) nui loa i pili pū ʻia me kahi kikowaena mālama mālama mālama honua - ʻo ia nō kekahi mau holoholona i pakele mai kēia kikowaena, a i kā lākou poʻe mamo. I ka makahiki 2015, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā quolls no ka hana hou ʻana i kahi wahi i pale ʻia e kokoke ana ma Canberra (Continental).

Nānā a me ke kāne

No ka manawa mua, hōʻike ʻia ka wehewehe ʻana i ka marten i koho ʻia i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18 a ua hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea huakaʻi ʻo James Cook.

Ma hope o ka noho ʻana ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua hoʻomaka ka homo manu i ka pīpī, ka pīpī, a ʻo nā kiʻī a me nā hoki nō hoʻi nā mea i make iā lākou, ua hoʻopau nō ka poʻe mahiʻai iā lākou no ka hoʻopōʻino i nā hale. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala, i ka makahiki 1930, ke martens marten martens i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā māla o nā mea o nā mea ma ʻAmelika a ua noho ʻia ma nā ʻūlū o nā hale noho.

Ke ʻimi nei lākou e mālama i nā Kvolls a hoʻihoʻi iā lākou i nā wahi i noho ai lākou i kēia manawa hou aku nei.

Nā kuʻuna a me nā home

Loaʻa ʻia nā Kvolls ma nā wahi me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui o ka ua i kēlā me kēia makahiki: i nā kumu wai palupalu, nā awāwa wai. Ma Tasmania, loaʻa nā kola i nā ulu lāʻau ulu ka nahele, kū ka nahele, nā nahele, nā kīhāpai a me nā ʻano biotopes transitional, me ka nā manu o nā ʻulā palulu. Ua hiki mai i nā wahi neoneo i nā puʻu, nā ʻuʻu alpine, nā māla maloʻo a me nā pulu moss, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe mai ke kai kai a i 1,500 mika.

I ka wā ma mua, ua noho nā holoholona ma Tasmania a ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - e pili ana i South Australia (mai ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Flinders Ridge a me ka Fleurie Peninsula), nā mokuʻāina o Victoria a me New South Wales a hiki i ke waena o ke kai ʻākau. I kēia manawa, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā kumu, e like me nā ʻano kumuwaiwai, e 50-90%. I kēia manawa, noho wale ka puaʻa hihiu ma Tasmania a ma ka mokupuni ʻo Bruni i ke kai ʻo Tasman (kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā ʻano lāʻau). Ma Tasmania, he maʻamau maʻamau ka corolla, akā ma laila, ʻoi ko lākou hāʻawi ʻana i kēia kumu no ke kumu.

Kāleka

He holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo Kvoll, kahi like ʻo kona nui i like me ka pōpoki. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ia ua unuhi ʻia ka inoa Pelekane maʻamau no kēia ʻano: "kahiki maoli cat." ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kino o nā kāne he 32-45 cm, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine - 28-40 cm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo no nā kāne he 20-28 cm, no nā wahine mai 17 a 24 cm. e like me ka paona o nā wahine mai 0.7 a 1.1 kg.

He mau holoholona kēia me ke kino lōʻihi, nā lima liʻiliʻi. Ma nā ʻōpū kuʻekuʻe wāwae ʻehā, nā nā manamana mua mua, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale i nā quolls mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā marsupial i ʻike ʻia. Hoʻopili ke poʻo, conical me nā muzzle kuhikuhi a me nā pepeiao pepeiao i kihi.

Hiki keʻokoʻa ke kala o ke kapa melemele palupalu, mai kahi ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka māmā iki. Aia heʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona holoʻokoʻa: ʻoi aku ka meaʻoi aku ke kukui, ʻekele melemele me ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele kekahi, ʻeleʻele, i ʻōpū ʻeleʻele. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka kala a me nā mea maʻamau, akā i loko o kahi litter, loaʻa paha nā ʻāpana he ʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kapa o ka hulu, ka mea hoʻohālike i ke ʻano o nā wahi keʻokeʻo me ka diameter o 5 a 20 mm e pālahalaha ana i ke kino o ke kino, koe wale nō ka huelo. ʻO ka huelo ka lōʻihi, fluffy, me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

He ʻepaʻuʻuʻu ʻuʻu paha ka wahine i nā pulu o ka ʻili. I ka manawa moe, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻōpala, 6 a 8 a ʻike paha nā ʻū a ʻūpoko i loko, kahi elongated a hoʻomaka e hana wale inā ke hoʻopili ʻia ke keiki bipi. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā cubs i ka peke, hāʻule hou nā nipples i ka nui.

Hoʻoikaika a me ke ola maikaʻi

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Kvolls e noho wale. ʻO kēia nā mea wānana nocturnal e ʻimi ana i ka ʻāina a me ka laulā, ʻoiai ke piʻi maikaʻi nei lākou i nā kumulāʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou e lele.

Hoʻolilo ka lā i nā keki i nā pōkā, nā kuʻi ma waena o nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā ​​lālā lāʻau. He maʻalahi kā lākou mau pāpale, ʻaʻohe lālā a i waho hoʻi, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi manawa ua paʻakikī ʻē aʻe, me ka nui a i ʻole nā ​​keʻena i hū ʻia me ka mauʻu. He nui nā ana o kēlā me kēia pā, maʻa mau ʻaʻole he ʻelima ma mua o ka manawa.

Hāpai nā holoholona e pale aku i kēlā me kēia, ʻoiai ke hālāwai pū nei nā mea noiʻi i nā ʻelua o nā wahine ʻelima. He nunui a pākahi mau pākahi o nā pākahi kūlohelohe he 35 mau ʻāpana no ka wahine a me ka 44 heka no nā kāne, a i ka wā moe koki nui ʻia ka nui o nā kāne. Kohu ʻia nā mea nona ka palena o ke kahua me nā hōʻailona ʻala.

Hoʻoweliweli ka poʻe ʻōpio i nā malihini me ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana iā lākou a hana ana i nā kani like ʻole. Inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole i haʻalele koke ʻia ka mea kipa hewa ʻole, huli ka mea nona ka ʻāpana ʻana mai e pale - e piʻi ana i kona mau wāwae hind, ke alualu nei ʻo ia i nā ʻenemi a hoʻāʻo e ʻuʻaka.

Hānau a hānai i ka hua

Kwolls pua i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻoilo, mai Mei a ʻAukake. Ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana i ka lā 20-24 mau lā (ka awelika o 21 mau lā), hānau mai ka wahine i 4-8 mau cub. ʻO ka litter i kekahi manawa he 30 mau cubs,

Eia nō naʻe, he 6 ona mau poʻo i loko o kāna pēke, no laila, ʻo ka pēpē mua wale nō e ola ai - nā poʻe i hoʻokele i ka ʻeke a hopu i nā ʻūpī mua. Ma hope o 8 mau hebedoma, haʻalele nā ​​powa i ka ʻeke a no ka lōʻihi o ka hopu ʻana i nā puʻu wahine i puʻe i ka lua. Inā pono, lawe ka wahine iā ia ma hope o ia. I nā makahiki he 10 hemo, haʻalele ka pēpē i ka ʻeke, a waiho ka wahine iā lākou i loko o ka ua hiu -ʻo a i ʻole ka puʻu puaʻa, a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hele hele no ka lawaiʻa a loaʻa paha kahi mea ʻai. Inā kekahi kumu e pono ai ʻoe e neʻe i kekahi lua, e lawe ana ka wahine i nā ʻehā ma kona kua.

I nā makahiki ʻelima, ma kahi o ka hopena o Nowemapa, i ka manawa e lawa ai ka meaʻai, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻai. ʻOiai e mālama ana ka wahine i nā keiki, haʻahaʻa loa kā lākou make ola. Eia nō naʻe, e lūlū aku nā holoholona e ulu ana, a i loko o nā malama o ke ola kūʻokoʻa, nui ka make.

Kvolla hiki i ka wā ulu i ka hopena o ka makahiki mua.

ʻO nā holoholona ma ka Zoo Maikaʻi

I loko o ka Moscow zoo, ʻike ʻia a me ka marten marten marten i kēia manawa, i ka makahiki 2015. Ma mua o kēia, ʻaʻohe corolla i kēlā me kēia zoos Lūkini.

No ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ka marts marsupial spkled mai ka hoʻopau ʻana, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻāʻo e aʻo pehea e mālama a hānai ai iā lākou i ke pio ʻana. Hana ʻia kēia e nā zoologists i loko o ka zoo o Leipzig (Kelemānia). Ua hoʻonani ʻia kā lākou hana me ka holomua - ʻo kā lākou corollas hana pinepine a mau i ka manaʻo nui. Makahiki mau makahiki i hala aku nei, aia kā mākou limahana ma Leipzig, a makemake nui lākou i kēia mau marsupial nani, a hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike inā hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa iā lākou i Moscow Zoo. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻalahi loa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i mea e loaʻa ai ka hele mua o ka mālama ʻana i kekahi ʻano holoholona, ​​pono e ʻike ka zoo e hiki ke hana i nā kūlana āpau i pono ai. ʻO nā mea pāloʻi, no lākou, no ka laʻana, he mea koʻikoʻi nui ʻole ka haʻalele ʻole i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaumaha ʻia o Australia, no ka mea, inā ʻaʻole pau ka wahine o kēia ʻano ʻano. Hiki i ka Moscow zoo ke hoʻokō i nā koi āpau o kāna mau hoahana Kelemania, a ua kau ʻia ma ka lālani: ua mamao loa mākou i nā mea noi wale nō no kēia mau holoholona marsupial luhi, no ka mea he hui pū ʻia ma Leipzig, loaʻa nā corollas oriental i loko o nā mea liʻiliʻi wale nō ʻEulopa. ʻAʻole lākou i lawe ʻia mai i ko mākou ʻāina, a ʻo Moscow Zoo ka mea mua i waena o nā zox Russian a pau i loaʻa i nā marten martkled.

Ua hōʻea mai ʻo Kvola i Iune 2015. A e like me nā ʻāpana ʻeono! ʻElua kāne a ʻehā mau wahine, ʻo ia ua hiki i ka wā kahiko a hiki ʻole ke komo i ka ʻuʻuku. I ka hōʻea ʻana o nā holoholona ma Pokukala, ua kokoke kā lākou wā huakaʻi. Akā ʻo ko mākou pīhoihoi, ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hana ʻana, no nā marts marsupial hiki iā ia ke lōʻihi i kekahi mau hola, no laila ʻaʻole paʻakikī i nā limahana hana kanaka e loiloi pinepine i kā lākou mau holoholona e nānā. I ka wā moe, ʻo ka kāne me kona mau wāwae mua e paʻa ai ka wahine i nā ʻaoʻao, a hopu ʻo ia me nā niho i ka mae, no laila, hāʻule ka wahine i waho o kona ʻāʻī a hiki i kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi (no nā hoapili o Australia kahi hōʻailona kēia o ka hana maikaʻi). Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, kanu mākou i ka wahine i ʻokoʻa ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia kekahi iā ia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana i ka wahine ma ka hikina hikina he 20-24 mau lā, e like me nā marsupials āpau, hānau ʻia nā keiki bipi ma ka nui o 5 mm wale nō he paona a he 12,5 mg. ʻO kekahi mea, ua hoʻohālikelike kēia "kuʻi embryos" e komo i kā lākou pēpē makuahine ma kā lākou. A iā Iulai ua ʻike mākou i nā cubs i loko o ka ʻeke! He ʻuʻuku loa lākou na ka maka mua o ke ʻeke, makaʻu i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka makuahine ʻōpio no kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke helu iā lākou. Ma hope aku, ua huli ʻia he ʻelima mau kū, he ʻeleʻele kekahi o lākou, a he ʻāʻule paha (he mea kāhāhā, no ka mea, ʻulaʻula a ko lākou makuakāne ʻulaʻula). Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke 30 mau ʻōpio, akā naʻe ʻo ka wahine he ʻeono mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hānai hou i nā pēpē ʻeono. No laila aia ka mea ola wale nō o kēlā mau cubs ka mea e hoʻokele mua i ka ʻeke a ka makuahine. Hoʻopili kēlā me kēia me kāna nipple a noho i loko o ke kaki no kahi 60-65 mau lā. Kūpono nā pēpē i nā keiki i ka makahiki 51-59 i nā lā, ua hāmaka nā maka ma nā lā 79-80, e hoʻomaka nā niho, e pili ana i nā lā 90 mau lā. Mai ka lā 85 mau lā, ke piha ka uhi o nā lauoho i nā lauoho, akā e hilinaʻi mau ana i ko lākou makuahine, hoʻomaka lākou e hele me ia me ka loaʻa ʻana i ka pō. I ka manawa like, hoʻopili pinepine lākou i ke kua o ka wahine, akā i ka laka o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kā lākou neʻe e holomua, a lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa. I ka makahiki he 105, e hoʻomaka nā keiki e ʻai i nā meaʻai paʻa, akā hoʻomau ka wahine e hānai iā lākou i ka wai no nā lā 150-165. Ma ke ʻano maoli, he haʻahaʻa loa ka make o ka poʻe ʻōpio, ʻoiai lākou e noho pū me ko lākou makuahine, akā hoʻonui hoʻonui ʻia i ka 6 mau mahina o ko lākou ola kūʻokoʻa. I ka hopena o ka makahiki mua, lilo nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā pākeke. Ma ka laulā, ko ka nohona o ko lākou ola ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā mammals placental o ka nui like. I loko o nā Zoos, ola nā marts marsupial a hiki i 5-7 mau makahiki, akā ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole lākou e ola ma mua o 3-4. No laila, ʻo nā wahine o 1-2 mau makahiki maʻamau e komo i ka mea kanu (i ka makahiki 3 he mau makahiki ua ʻike ʻia lākou he mea makua).

I kēia manawa ʻelima o kā mākou mau ʻāpana ʻelima ua like like me nā pākeke. Ua lilo maikaʻi lākou i kēlā me kēia - ʻoiai ua hilinaʻi wale lākou i ka poʻe e hānai ana iā lākou. I kēia manawa ma ke hōʻikeʻike i ka "Night World" ʻike ʻoe i ʻekolu kāne ʻōpio ikaika loa.

Hāʻawi ʻia mākou iā ʻoe i kahi poʻi i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e nā mea huna Australia ma David Wonsbrough mai Australia's Living Alphabet.

ʻO Marten marsupial KVOLL kahi nui aristocrat.

Makemake ʻo ia iā ia iho e loaʻa i kahi kahi āna i hauʻoli ai e noho.

Noho ma Vaucluse *, e like me ka pūnaehana ** pau.

Akā ua loli nā manawa - a pehea hoʻi ke ola weliweli!

Ka puni ʻana i nā pōpoki hewa ʻole, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli

Nui a he nui nā kaʻa e ʻalohewa ana ʻo Kwall.

“ʻO kēlā ʻano e pāʻani iaʻu e like me ka pōpō i ka pôpeku.

A ʻo kēia mau pōpoki ua lapuwale - maikaʻi, he meaola, ʻaʻohe ʻeke!

E hele mai i ʻaneʻi, nā luhi ʻole. ”

ʻEha kaumaha ʻo Kolls: "Ua maʻalahi koʻu manaʻo:

Makaʻu wau i nā wahi maikaʻi e hōʻino i kēia mea lapalapa. "

* He moku ʻo Vaucluse ma Sydney, kahi o nā makahiki 1960, ua hālāwai nō nā quolls.