ʻAnuʻu ka ʻanuʻu a i ʻole ʻia paha ka ʻenekini o Āsia i kekahi mau hiʻina hana a me nā ʻano kūpono mai ka honu bog. ʻOiai ka inoa o ka honu i kapa ʻia i ka ala, i noho nō ia ma ka wao nahele a me nā wao o ke kūkulu hema o Kazakhstan a me Central Asia i waena o nā lāʻau ʻalā, tamariskai a me ka saxaul, a loaʻa nō ia i nā ʻalopeka, me ka kokoke pū me nā melons a me nā kahua kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka pale o ke kua o ka paʻu wāwae i mea kūpono ʻole ia no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wai, e like me ka lohi. ʻO ke ola o ka nūhou hele wāwae e ʻoku i ka ʻāina, ʻaʻohe ona membranes i waena o nā manamana lima, ʻaʻole maopopo loa i ka holo ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai, ua kani nui ka ʻōpala ala, ma ka lepo a kikilua. ʻAʻole ia e pono i ka ulu nui e loaʻa i ka meaʻai (nā mea kanu). Hiki iā ia ke hana me ka wai ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi, e loaʻa me ka hānai manuahi. Ua pālahalaha a pālahalaha nā anuʻu o ke anuu anuu, me ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka lepo i ka wā e hana ai i nā lua. Ma ka eli ʻana i ka hana e pōʻino ai i ka ʻalo o ka lawehala, nā kāmei, nā papa hoʻokele.
ʻO ka hoʻonaninani o ka ʻāpana o ka honu turpe i kūpono i ke kala o ka wao a puni, a hoʻopakele pinepine ʻia mai ka poʻe predator. Eia kekahi, i kahi hihia, e huki iā ia i kona ʻāʻī, nā wāwae a me ka huelo ma waena o nā pale pale, a laila e hoʻoneʻe i nā wahi palupalu o ke kino. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia e mālama mau iā ia mai ka make. No ka laʻana, wehe ka honu i ka ʻōpū o ka mauʻu a ʻai i ka ʻai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā ʻōpio a me nā keiki hipa ke kaʻe ʻana i ka lewa mai ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e ʻike ana i nā honu ʻōpala me ko lākou mau maka ākea a, a pae i ka ʻāina, hopu ʻoe me nā wāwae ikaika, a laila hoʻokiʻekiʻe iā lākou i luna i ka lewa a hoʻolei iā lākou kālaiʻu ʻoka o ka wao. Ua hōʻeha nā mea huluhulu i nā pōhaku, wāwahi nā pale kaua a loaʻa nā manawa i nā manawa e haehae i nā ʻāpana palupalu o ko lākou kino.
ʻO nā ʻano honu honua i Mei. Hōʻulu ka wahine i kahi lua pāpū i loko o ke one a waiho i nā hua spherical 3-5 i loko, i uhi ʻia me ka lei kalima a keʻokeʻo, a laila kanu i nā wāwae me kā lākou mau wāwae hema. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi o kēia mau kikoʻī. I ka wā lulu, kaupaʻi nā honu mai o nā hua, akā noho mau lākou ma lalo o ke kumu a ka pūnāwai.
I ka pūnāwai, i ka hōʻea ʻana i ka maka, ua lilo pinepine nā ʻōpiopio i nā ʻōpio, nā ʻīlio, nā aeto a me nā manu. I ka wā kanu o ka pūnāwai o ka ephemera, ʻai nui nā mea i nā mea kanu. Ua hōʻino lākou i nā māla a me nā kula, luku i nā greens succulent. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo o ke kauwela, a i ka wā hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, kahi e nalowale ana ka hānai, nā ʻōpala nalu.
Ke ulu ikaika nei nā mea kanu, e lilo i ka moekolohe a 10 makahiki. I ka makahiki 30, hiki lākou i ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 20 cm, ke kaumaha - 2.5 kg. Hiki ke hānai i nā ʻuʻihi ma nā kihi o ka holoholona hihiu me ka mauʻu momona (lettuce, dandelions), ka ʻōhala ʻāpala, kāloti, beets, pulp i nā wai me nā melons.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
Kahi ʻia ka pīkoi maʻEulopa Huipū ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Kazakhstan, ma waena o ʻAkia Central Asia, ma kahawai Iran, Afghanistan, ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau o India a me Pakistan. Noho ia i ka pākeke a me ka wao nahele me nā pala o ka ʻalāʻau, tamarisk a i ʻole saxaul, i nā puʻu i nā kiʻekiʻe o 1200 m ma luna o ke kai, ma nā awāwa wai, ma nā ʻāina mahiʻai. Piʻi kona helu ma nā wahi he nui, akā e hoʻomau mau nei nō ia, no laila, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hulahula o Central Ālima i loko o ka International Red Book.
ʻAno hānau
Pono ke ʻano ʻaole o ka honu i kahi o nā makahiki like a me ke kaumaha. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine mai nā kāne i ke ʻano o ka huelo - inā ua lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma ke kumu o ka lau, a ʻo ia ke kāne, ʻo nā kāne o ka ʻōpio ʻAmelika Huipūlani pinepine i kahi niho i ka plastron e pili kokoke ana i ka huelo. Ma nā kāne, aia ka cesspool i lalo o ka huelo ma mua o nā wahine. I nā wahine, he leʻalā ka plastron, pōkole ka huelo no ka waiho ʻana o ka oviduct i kā lākou cloaca, me ka ʻole o ka mānoanoa. Aia kahi cesspool ma kahi o ke kihi o ka mea kalepa, ʻo ia hoʻi, kokoke i ke kumu o ka huelo. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. Hiki i nā māka hele i ka wā kahiko: nā wahine mai 10-12 mau makahiki, nā kāne mai 5-6 mau makahiki. Manaʻo Turtles mai Pepeluali a ʻAukake. ʻO 2 mau loa ka lōʻihi o ke hāpai ʻana, a ma hope iho e moe ai ka wahine mai ka 2 a me 6 mau hua. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ma kahi mahana o 28-30 ° C mau ma kahi o 60-65 mau lā.
Nā hōʻailona waho
ʻO nā kukuna ʻo Steppe kekahi o nā honu liʻiliʻi. Kūkulu ʻia ko lākou mau kino i loko o ka waena o ka pale, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kahi o 30 cm. He inoa ʻē kekahi o ka pale i hope - carapace. I nā pākeke, convex a uhi ʻia ma luna ma nā pā keratinized, kahi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā ʻāpana.
Steppe tortoise (Testudo (Agrionemys) horsfieldii)
ʻO ke kala o ke kālele i ka ʻoliva me nā wahi ʻeleʻele, like me ka kaila o kahi pōpō. E loaʻa i kēlā me kēia laha stratum corneum i kona mau apo pepeiao i hoʻonui ʻia mai ke kikowaena. Ma ka helu o kēia mau papa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka makahiki o ka honu.
ʻO ka pale pale ʻōpū e kapa ʻia he plastron. He pālahalaha, kūlou kona ʻaoʻao i mua, a kua ʻoki ke kua i ka ʻaoʻao kihi.
Mai kēia "pahu" ikaika a laila ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻāʻī, ke poʻo a me nā wāwae, i uhi ʻia me nā niho koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ke kuleana o ka ʻili i ke ola o kahi kukupa
Hōʻino ka mea kokoke i ka pōpoki me ka lele ʻole i ka holo. Huki wale ʻo ia i nā wahi palupalu o ke kino ma lalo o ka ʻili a hoʻokaʻawale. Ma kahi a ka holoholona i kū ai i kekona mau kekona i hala aku nei, aia kekahi "pōhaku" ʻala ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻowalewale ʻana e lawe i nā honu turpe i ka lima he mea ʻole. Hōʻalo ka holoholona mai nā lima i ka manawa a hoʻāʻo e hoʻopā i nā manamana lima. Akā, i ka laulā, he kanaka maluhia a hilinaʻi.
ʻAe nā māpana o ka kukuna e pehu i nā palupalu, nā mea kanu.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona pēpē steppeise
Ke neʻe nei ka honu turpe ma ka wikiwiki a hiki i 12 cm no hoʻokahi minuke.
He ʻuʻuku loa nā ʻuʻiku turtle.
Eia naʻe, lanakila maʻalahi ʻo ia ma o nā kaʻo o ka pali, hoʻoweliweli i ka papakū maʻa, ke one pā. Hiki i nā mea pākia ke hoʻokumu i nā kahe wai hohonu a hohonu, nā papa honua papahele ma hope o ka ua. Ma nā wahi like, e make paha ka honu i ka holo ʻana.
ʻAi lāʻau ʻoki ʻōpala
Hiki i ka pīpī Steppe ke hana me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Akā ʻaʻole ia makemake e ʻai i nā mea kanu wao, nā melona, ka mauʻu, nā hua a me nā hua o nā kumulāʻau. Ma ka home, hiki ke hānai i ka honu me nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā hua hua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana ʻana i ka meaʻai holoholona i ka honu. Akā pono ʻo ia e hāʻawi i nā huaora, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e piha ai ka calcium.
Steppe tortoise regales ma ka puna ʻono.
Hoʻoweliweli i kēlā me kēia huli
ʻO nā ʻeke he mea ʻai i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā manu. A hiki i ʻelima mau makahiki, ʻaʻole i ikaika loa ka ʻalāʻau, no laila lilo ka reptile i meaʻai no nā ʻīlio, nā ʻīlio, nā alopeke. Pāʻai liʻiliʻi nā kīleʻa liʻiliʻi, balabans, rooks. Akā ʻo nā ʻenemi nui o nā honu iʻa ke kanaka a me nā kaʻa.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Hoʻaiho
Central Asian, Steppe tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii, Agrionemys horsfieldii) - semi-one of Central Asia Central. Loaʻa ia ma ke kūkulu hema ma Kazakhstan ma India. ʻO Pakistan, Iran, ʻo Afghanistan kahi mau wahi e ʻike ai ʻoe i kēia mau reptile. Ke Lūkini, ʻoiaiʻo ka ʻenekini o ʻAsia a i ʻole ka ʻeneke wahi ala a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kahi kokoke i ke kahakai northeast o ke Kai Caspian a me ke kūkulu hema o ka ʻāina ʻo Orenburg.
ʻO nā awāwa kahawai, nā kapuwai a me nā pālolo a me nā pani hānai, a me nā māla a me nā ʻāina mahiai ke "home" no kēia ʻano honu. Loaʻa ʻia ʻo ia i nā puʻu, a me nā mauna (a hiki i 1200 m). Hōʻoiaʻiʻo kēia i nā hōʻike i hiki ke neʻe ʻo nā māka holo ma waena o nā wahi holomaki.
ʻO keʻano
Kālai liʻiliʻi mai 3 a 20-25 cm ka lōʻihi loa a hoʻopuni ʻia a poʻu ʻia ma ka piko, e like me kahi ʻihi. ʻO ka kala o ke kāʻei lau he brown-yellow-olive me nā blurry i kahi o nā pōʻeleʻele - ke kala o ka ʻāina i kahi e loaʻa ai. He waiho ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a Plastron a 16 mau pūnaka ahi 16. Aia kekahi puʻupuʻu 13 horny ma ke kalapu, me nā puʻupuʻu ma kēlā Pili ana kā lākou helu helu i ka makahiki kūpono o ka launa. 25 Aia nā pale kaua ma nā ʻaoʻao. I nā forelegs, 4 mau manamana lima pili.
ʻO ke kāne ma hope o ka ʻūhā he 1 mau pūniki mau. Loaʻa ka wahine iā 3-5. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻAno kuʻi luna. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki i ka paʻu alaʻai ke noho i ke 40-50 mau makahiki. Ke ulu nei ka ʻōpalaʻo Āsia ma loko o ke ola.
Ma ka hana kūlohelohe, ua hānai nui nā kolo ma Central Asia i nā mea kanu: mauʻu puaʻa mau makahiki a me nā pua o nā mea kanu lāʻau, nā meloni, nā hua hua, a me ka wā i hāʻule mau ʻia.
I ka home, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻano nā mea kanu mea kanu no nā honu. ʻO nā greens, ka lettu, nā kāwili momona (nā lāʻau maloʻo a me ka mauʻu), nā lau o nā mea kanu ʻai e pono ai e hana i ka 80% o ka nui o kaʻai. Ma kahi o 15% mau laulala. Nā hua - 5%.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole e hānai i ka honu i ka lima. ʻO kahi kīʻaha ʻoki, ʻoi aku ia e hoʻokomo i loko o ka ipu a i ʻole ʻia i hoʻohā ʻia ai i ka ʻāina "ʻai" i mea e pale ʻia ai ka lepo.
Hānai ʻia nā ʻōpiopio i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā “ʻono” i hoʻokahi wā - i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau lā (ʻo ka mea nona ka nui i ka plastron he 10 cm a keu paha). Pono e hāʻawi i ka nui o ka meaʻai i loko o nā palena kūpono, maʻa mau mai ka ½ ka nui o ka honu, a hiki i ka pūnaʻu ka ʻōpala.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, ola ka ʻōpala a i ʻole Central a me ka pōpoki kūlana me nā mea kanu ulu. No laila, i ka helu ʻana i ka papa ʻai, pono e noʻonoʻo pono kekahi i nā mea momona loa a me ka ʻai nui he maoli no lākou no ka mea hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i ka ʻōpū. He pono ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻo ka mea kanu!
Mai hāʻawi i ka ʻai i nā honu no nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio. "ʻO kā ke kanaka" - ka ʻiʻo a me ka iʻa, berena a me ka waiū, ke kīwī iʻa, nā hua a me ka hānai i ka holoholona ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia.
I ka terrarium kahi i noho ai ka holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻ advislelo ʻia e loaʻa kahi kumu o ka calcium. Hiki ia sepia. A ua kāla i ka ʻaihue pulupulu momona. Nui nā hui e hana i kēlā mau lāʻau lapaʻau, nui ka nui e koho ai.
ʻAʻole pono ka honu i ka inu maʻamau. ʻO nā ʻauʻau wai i ka terrarium ke koho, no ka mea hiki ke hehi ʻia, spilled, huli ʻia i lalo. Akā makemake nui ʻia i ka "honu hale" kūpono ʻole.
Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻauhau
Pono kahi lepo e piha ai i nā ʻōpala i loko o kahi kihi poina, sawdust / lāʻau lāʻau / mauʻu. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ke kahua a me ka hale.
He kukui wela (40-60 W) he wela wela, e hana ana i kahi mākeke mahana pono e hiki ai i ka reptile ke koho i ke ana kūpono no ia. Ke kōkua nui nei ka wela i ka hiki ʻana o ke kaʻina hana e hiki ai i ka honu nā mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale aku ai i nā kumu o waho o ka wela a laila e hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau o ke kino. I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wela, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka metabolism ka mea nui aku. Nā wahi ʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia, ka mea e hoʻonāukiuki i ka gastrointestinal. ʻO ka paukū mahana i ke kulu anuanu kokoke i ka hale he 24-26 ° – a me 30-33 о С - i ke kihi wela ma lalo o ke kukui. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ke ʻano mahana o ke kukui ma ka hāpai ʻana a i ʻole ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kukui, a i ʻole ke kau i nā kukui incandescent o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Pono ke kukui o ka ultraviolet no nā reptile (10% UVB) ma kahi mamao o 25 cm mai ka holoholona (ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe i ka 40 a ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa ma mua o 20). ʻAʻole wela ke kukui UV i ka terrarium, akā hāʻawi i ka honu me ka mālamalama ultraviolet pono, e pono ai no ke ola kūlohelohe - ka haʻalulu ʻana o ka waiora D3, ka calcium a me nā mea āpau o ka pā loea. ʻO ke kūlohelohe, loaʻa ka lāʻau lāʻau ma ka lā.
ʻOi aku nā makemake e ʻimi e ʻimi iā lākou iho, ka kanu ʻana iā lākou iho i ke kahakaha. ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻololi a me ka loli wikiwiki paha i ka mālamaʻana, inā ma kahi kalai, hiki ke hoʻopalulu i nā maka i nā holoholona
ʻOki ʻia
Hana ʻia ia i loko o kekahi o nā kuʻina o ka lumi. Aia ke kukui wela i kahi kokoke i kekahi o nā paia corral. Hiki i ka honu ke koho pono i ke mahana pono e pono ai i ka manawa. I ke kauwela, he maikaʻi ʻole ka hoe ʻana i ka lumi i ke kauwela kauwela. I mea e maʻalahi ai ke loaʻa i kahi honu "huna", hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i kahi baluna me nā paʻi scotch ma ke kalepa a i ʻole kahi māka i hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma luna o kahi pou kiʻekiʻe. Inā ʻae ʻia nā kūlana wela, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i ka honu i ka peni a ʻo ia pō wale nō.
ʻ .lelo manuahi ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka papahele i ka hale! ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe nā hihia inā aia ka pā ma ka pā o ka pā a me ka mahana me ka lepo, ʻaʻohe loli a me nā loli, me ke alo o nā kukui e pono ai.
Mālama: Manea ʻia e ʻauʻau i nā ʻōpala i ka wai mahana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia 1-2 pule. ʻO ka mahana wai ka wai 31-35 ° С. Ke kiʻekiʻe - a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke poʻo o ka laumele (2/3 o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka shell). Hoʻopili ke kīʻaha i ka wai o ka wai-paʻakai a me ka mālama ʻana i ka umu i ke kino o ka reptile, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻāpana. ʻAʻole pono nā mea hoʻohui wai.
Ke hoihoi ʻana i nā kukuna
Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano o ka honu turpe o Central Āpika i loko o ka International Red Book.
ʻO ka moʻolelo Uzbek me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale aku i ka mea i hoʻomaka ai / helehelena o ka lauka. Hoʻokahi mea kālepa scammer-unceremoniously a me ke ākea i ke kau ʻana aku o kāna mea kūʻai aku, no ka hopena, ua huhū ka poʻe ma ke kāhea ʻana iā Allah. Ua huhū ʻo Allah, a hopu i nā ʻāpana o ka mea kūʻai a kuʻi aku i ka mea hoʻopunipuni me lākou: "E hoʻomau mau ʻoe i ka hōʻike o kāu hoʻopunipuni." A hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke poʻo a me nā ʻūhā mai waho o ke kīʻaha paona, me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka mea kūʻai aku i loko i kahi lauka.
I ka wela, ua nāu e turu i ka hohonu ʻole i ka lepo. I ka wā hāʻule, kahi hohonu ka 1 m.
Hiki i nā paona ke wawahi ma nā kahawai a hiki i ka 2 m lōʻihi me nā kāmela a hiki i ka hapalua mika ke anawaena.
ʻO ka ʻuʻoki kupa ka iwi i hoʻopili ʻia o ka huaʻā a me nā iwi, me ka hiki ʻole i nā kānaka ke "kahiki" i kā lākou mākala, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka pelu ke hoʻokuʻu iā ia iho mai ka ʻahu.
ʻO ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka ʻokiʻāina o Ākelika ma loko o ke ʻano o kahi hōʻaiʻai oblong a i loaʻa paha nā manawa he 1-2 i ka lā. ʻO ka nui o ka urine ma luna o ke ʻano o ka hānai. He kūlohelohe kona mau manawa, ke kau mau nei nā loko o keʻokeʻo o ka paʻakai uric acid.