Nā Waihona ʻAmelika | |||||
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ʻO Libya Senegal ( Lybius dubius ) | |||||
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | |||||
Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Moulou | Kahikaua |
Kāohana: | Nā Waihona ʻAmelika |
Lybiidae Sibley & Ahlquist, 1985
Nā Waihona ʻAmelika (ʻ :lelo Latin: Lybiidae) - he waiwai (ʻohana) nā manu mai kahi waiwai (detachment) o nā mea hana lāʻau.
He 42 mau ʻano ʻuʻumi, mai ke ʻano ʻo Libia (Lybius)e noho ana i nā ululāʻau, a hiki i nā kopa (Pogoniulus) ke noho nei i nā ululāʻau a me nā kapakū. ʻO ka laulā o kēia mau manu he ʻāpana piha o ʻElepika Hema, me ka ʻokoʻa o kāna ʻāpana komohana hema.
Rod RodikitikiTrachyphonus) noho i ka pāpū ākea mai ka hema ʻo Sahara a hiki i ʻApelika Hema.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka ekology
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻumiʻīwī he mau iwi ākea 20-25 cm ka lōʻihi me ke poʻo nui a me nā hulu ʻulaʻula ma ke kumu o ka beak. ʻO nā Coppersmiths kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi ka mea ʻulaʻula ulaula (Pogoniulus atroflavus) ke kaupaona ʻana o 7 mau grika a me 9 cm ka nui.
He nui ka manu o ka manu, ʻai i nā iniseti a me nā hua. ʻO ka papaʻai e pili ana i ka 60 mau ʻano o nā hua like ʻole a me nā huaʻai, ʻaʻole wale nō ka nahele e ulu mau nei, akā kanu ʻia nō hoʻi e ke kanaka - nā ʻumi e kipa pinepine ai i nā kanu huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. Hoʻolamilo ʻia ʻo Berry i nā hua kanu, kahi e kanu ʻia ma mua o ke mele ʻana, akā ʻaʻole ʻoe i loko o ka hano. Eia nō naʻe, waiho ka coppersmiths i nā huaʻaila palapoka palapoka ma kahi o nā nests, hiki paha i ka makaʻu ke hoʻoweliweli i nā mea kūʻai aku. E like me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, ʻo kēia mau manu ke hoʻopuka nui i nā hua ma nā nahele ulu.
Mālama ka ʻumiʻuhani ʻAmelika i nā ʻano o nā iniseti, e like me nā ʻōpala, cicadas, dragonflies, crickets, valele, beetles, butterflies, mantises, āta ohi ʻia mai nā lālā a me nā wahi lāʻau. ʻO nā huaahi, millipedes, a me kekahi manawa nāebrebrates liʻiliʻi - nā ʻōpala, nā bako, nā geckos - hele pū kekahi i ka meaʻai.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻole i ka biology o ka hoʻopili. ʻOiai kekahi o nā holoholona hānai e ʻoluʻolu nei i ka nuku o nā kaila wai a i nā puʻupuʻu termite, ʻaʻole ia he maʻamau maʻamau no ka poʻe loea. Kuhi ʻia nā hua he 2-4 (koe wale nō ka pearl trachyphonus (Trachyphonus margaritatus), ke kau nei i 6 mau huaʻai), hatch 13 lā i nā lā. Na nā mākua ʻelua ke kuleana no ka huki ʻana i nā kao.
Laanu ka pānaʻi kanaka a me ka mana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā mea ola e noho nui ana ma ka ulu lāʻau ma muli o ka deforestation e hāʻawi pono ana i nā ʻano manuʻumi. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā ululāʻau alpine i Kenya ua alakaʻi i ka nalo loa o nā mauna brazier (Pogoniulus leucomystax) a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pae o ka brazier ʻulaʻula ulaula (Pogoniulus pusillus).
Kahi helu
- Buccanodon Buccanodon duchaillui)
- ʻO nā ducetti Buccanodon
- Kaukaʻikaʻi Tricholaema
- ʻ Liblelo Libya ( Tricholaema hirsuta)
- Redhead Libya ( Tricholaema diademata)
- Tricholaema frontata
- Redhead Libya ( Tricholaema leucomelas)
- Weak Libya ( Tricholaema lacrymosa)
- ʻEleʻele Libya ( Tricholaema melanocephala)
- Pipi ʻO Libya ( Lybius)
- Na Lulāokoeiki ʻelua ( ʻO Lybius bidentatus)
- ʻO ka chaplini Lybius
- ʻO Libya Senegal ( Lybius dubius )
- Pokoke Lopa Lybius guifsobalito)
- Moe Keʻena Libya ( Lybius leucocephalus)
- Kaulana Ke Aloha (Libya ʻO ka melanopterus Lybius )
- ʻO Pink ʻO Lybius liʻiliʻi)
- Pokoke Lopa Lybius rolleti)
- ʻApena ʻulaʻula a Libya ( ʻO nā pāpale Lybius)
- Kaumaha Libya ( Lybius torquatus)
- Kolepa Libya ( Lybius undatus)
- Moe Kuhi Libya ( Lybius vieilloti)
ʻO kēia ʻohana, a i ʻole nā ʻohana ʻenehana manu ʻona, nā ʻumiʻumi, (lat. Megalaimidae), nona nā huaʻāina Nā ʻāpana , ka mea i noho i ka mua a me waena waena o Miocene ma Europa.
ʻO kēia mau manu prehistoric ka like me nā toucans primitive a, inā paha e noho ana i kahi kūlana basal ma ka waihona waiwai o nā toucans a me nā ʻumiʻumi, (infraorder ʻO Ramphastides) Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, ʻano like lākou me ka nāhelehele kai ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika.Trachyphonus), no laila ke kumu o kekahi mau ʻepekema e hoʻokohu iā lākou i kēia ʻano.
I loko o nā piliona Miocene Waenakonu ma kahi o Grive-Saint-Alban, Farani, loaʻa kahi kopa (lat. kāulaʻahana- ʻO ka iwi carpal metacarpal, kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ke koʻi o ka ehe manu) ua like ia me ka iwi ʻumiʻumi. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike mua ʻana he ʻokoʻa ia i ka iwi. Nā ʻāpana a me nā mea hou e like me nā iwi o ka poʻe i loaʻa iā borodastic olaola. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻike i kekahi mau lāʻau loea a ʻĀmelika, ʻoiai ua ʻoi ʻia ʻo ia.
Mau keʻaPogoniulus) Late Miocene i loaʻa kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Cofidis (Austria). Eia naʻe naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i aʻo ʻia a ʻaʻole maopopo ka pili paha lākou i kekahi mau ʻano pili i kēia manawa. Ma muli o ka ʻike hou ʻia, pēlā nō kēia.
Hōʻano ʻano o ka ʻano:
- Makee
- Nā Hoa
- He kūpono no ka mahiʻai holoholona
- E pili aloha
- Kūpaʻa loa
- Pono maikaʻi
- Holoi kahi mea liʻiliʻi
- ʻO nā ʻīlio hae nui
ʻAukā. Wikiō
ʻO nā ʻīlio o ka ʻīlio puaʻa i pili i ka hui o nā ʻīlio hopu manu. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano French kahiko mai ka makahiki ʻumikumamāhā. ʻO nā ʻīlio wai kahiko ʻo kona mau kūpuna.
He like like ʻo Barbet me kahi poodle: like ke kapa palaka like, i kekahi manawa i kiki ʻia i loko o nā kaula, kahi kīpē ʻole ʻia i ka wai, me ka pale maikaʻi mai ka anu. A hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou me kahi mea pāʻani plush. Hiki ke kala i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka barbeque, ʻeleʻele, ka puʻu, ka hina hina, ka maʻa, ke keʻokeʻo a me ka hoʻāla ʻia. I kekahi manawa aia nā māka. He mea ʻoluʻolu kēia ʻano
ʻAʻole ʻino a me ka mea nona ka haku. E hoʻolohe ana lākou, e hoʻokele, akā i ka manawa like, ua hoʻoholo a kūʻokoʻa hoʻi. Makemake lākou i ka hui o nā keiki, e ʻoliʻoli lākou e hui me nā keiki. Hele pū kekahi me nā holoholona. He poʻe hānai nui lākou ke hele mai i ka wai. Mahalo i kaʻenehana maikaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia no ka wehe ʻana, ke lawelawe nei lākou i ka pāʻani pīhoihoi, akā hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea kōkua maikaʻi ma ka ʻāina.
Wehewehe wehewehe
ʻO ka hua like kekahi o nā wahi kahiko, ʻo ia ka manaʻo "beard" i ka unuhi. ʻO ka lawelawe o nā ʻīlio i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea mahiʻai, nā mea holo moana, ʻo nā aliʻi nō hoʻi.
He ʻīlio a he ʻolua nā ʻolua o kēia ʻano, he nui ka nui, ke kuʻi ʻaki kuʻuna, nā lehelehe hohonu a me nā ʻumiʻumi he lōʻihi. Nā uhi poloka e uhi ai nā makaʻeleʻele. Ke ʻoki nui nei i nā pepeiao i nā hulu. Hōʻuluʻulu ka lauoho, akā piʻo a paʻa i ke ʻano, ka uhi piha ʻana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ka palahalaha ākea, pololei a me nā ʻāpana puʻupuʻu, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o kahi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka wool ka haʻaheo o nā ʻapo lā. Akā, pono ia e mālama pono: ʻāwī, ʻoki, ʻoki, inā pono, e ʻauʻau i ka ʻīlio, ma hope o ka iʻa, pono e hoʻomoʻo maoli. ʻO kahi maʻi maʻamau no kēia ʻano he otitis media, a hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke koena o ka hua i ke olakino. Loaʻa ka ola ola o nā holoholona mai ka ʻumikumamākolu a ʻumikumamālima makahiki.
Mai ka moʻolelo o Barbet
Nā kahu hipa o ka Moors, i noho i ka makahiki VII-VIII. i ka Pyrenees i manaʻo ʻia nā kūpuna o ka pahu polū. Ua hiki mai lākou i Central Europe a me Farani me nā crusaders. Ma hope o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻīlio kūloko, ua puka mai nā ʻano waikela, kahi mea i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea kīwī a me nā kahu o nā ʻīlio i ke kenekulia iwakālua e kiʻi ai i kahi paʻa ma ke ala hou.
Nui ka manaʻo nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hua i hana ʻia e ka hunter Le Wheeler, nona ka baton i lawe ʻia e Kauka Vincenti, a laila, ʻo kāna kaikamahine ʻo Petra, ka mea nāna i hoʻopaʻa inoa i kāna ʻīlio e like me ka ʻakeke ʻimi. Akā i manaʻo maikaʻi kekahi inoa ʻo Hermes i kēia mau ʻīlio ke hewa ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kapa, no laila hoʻomaka ʻo ia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana iā ia iho, i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kāna kapukō kūlapa. No laila, aia kēia ʻano he ʻelua mau laina.
ʻAʻole kūleʻa ka hopena o ke keʻa ʻana i kēia mau laina - ua nani wale nā ʻīlio. He ʻano ikaika a proportional lākou, ikaika a lōʻihi nā wāwae, ke ʻano nani a me ke ʻano like o ka ʻumiʻumi (kahi i kū mai ka inoa). Aia nā puka ihu ma ka ihu, ikaika nā ʻīlio ʻīlio a pōkole, ua laulolo a mauʻu nā pepeiao, ua uhi ʻia me ka lauoho, ma ka pae maka. I ka holo ʻana o ka ʻīlio, hiapo kona ʻili. Ua uhi ʻia nā wāwae o ka ʻīlio me nā lauoho lōʻihi. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe i ka maloʻo o ka ʻōpio pākeke he 58-65 kenimika, ma nā wahine ʻoi aku kēia waiwai he 4 cm emi. Hiki i nā wolo ke lilo i mau kala e like ai: keʻokeʻo, puaʻa, ʻonaʻula, hina a ʻeleʻele.
Kāne
Loaʻa nā ʻīlio, e like me nā mākaʻi ʻimi maoli, ikaika, hana maikaʻi, aloha nui i loko o nā hui o ka poʻe, no laila ʻo nā malihini e hele mai i kou hale e hauʻoli mau nei no lākou. He maikaʻi loa lākou, ʻoiai ʻokoʻa kā lākou liʻiliʻi a me ke kapa ʻūʻū kūleʻa ʻole.
He maikaʻi loa ko lākou helehelena maikaʻi loa a hiki ʻole i nā pōpoki ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia, ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻi ʻia i ke keiki, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele palekana i nā pēpē me kēia ʻīlio. I ka hale ua kūpono lākou i nā holoholona āpau. Pono lākou i nā hele wāwae mau, ma ka manawa manawa, ka hana kino, kahi e hoʻohiki ai i ka ʻano no nā poʻe ikaika i makemake haʻuki.
Olakino
Ma kahi hale o ke kūlanakauhale, ʻaʻole eʻoluʻolu kēia mau ʻīlio, a me ke ʻano o ke ola kino e alakaʻi ai i nā kime e hoʻomaka ʻia nā “ʻīlio” e "mae" i mua o ko mākou mau maka. Hiki iā lākou ke maʻi, ʻoiai ke olakino ka hua.
ʻAno kēia ʻīlio i nā maʻi i hoʻoilina, no laila ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi ʻōpī, pono ʻoe e familiarize iā ʻoe iho me ka ʻikepili o nā mākua. Inā loaʻa iā lākou kekahi o lākou ka maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke 100% i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka mamo. Eia kekahi i nā maʻi pepeiao i hala ʻia i hala, hiki i nā maʻi ʻīlio ke lilo i: hernias, epilepsies, hip dysplasia, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
ʻO ka mea mua, e pā a i nā pepeiao ona ma muli o ke ʻano e maʻi ʻole ai nā maʻi maʻi. Pono lākou e nānā pinepine iā lākou mai haʻalele i nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi a hoʻomaka e mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa kūpono. He lilo i ka manawa e mālama i ka lauoho o kēia mau ʻīlio. ʻO ia, ʻo ia he kānāwai, pono e hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā ʻelua, a ulu hou ia inā lōʻihi ia. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i kēia, hana hou nā kohu.
Pono kekahi būlū i ka lauoho lauoho maʻamau, ke ʻole ke nānā mai. Akā nā hua komo ka mea like ʻole ka ʻīlio i pale ʻole, a i kona kapa, ʻaʻole ia e make i ka maʻi pālolo. Pono lākou e ʻauʻau i nā shampoos kūikawā, no ka mea ke hoʻomana nei lākou i ka hoʻopuni poepoe i loko o nā puddles a mai nele i kēia manawa.
Nā hōʻailona kūʻahi i kahi paila nui
ʻO ka Big Green Barbet kekahi manu ʻōiwi nui e nui ke poʻo a he ākea ākea ākea. I ka manawa moe, lilo ka hulu ma lalo o ka beak, a ʻoiai i nā manu ʻōpio nā hina ʻuluʻulaʻula. ʻO ke kala o ka plumage ka mea ʻonaʻulaʻula me nā kaula keʻokeʻo.
ʻO nā maka ʻeleʻele nui e hoʻopuni ʻia e ke kaula melemele mālamalama. ʻAno ke kua o kaʻulaʻula ma ke kua o ka ʻāʻī, ke alo a lilo i kahi kaila ʻala'ōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo me nā kiʻi kikoʻī liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻili, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻōpū. He ʻulaʻula ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī. Ma ke poʻo aia nā kālai beige. He melemele nā wāwae o kahi paila keʻokeʻo nui. ʻAʻohe like ʻokoʻa a nā wahine wahine wahine a me nā wahine.
Mālama nā barbets i nā hua wai ʻala.
ʻO ka pālahalaha o kahi pā anu nui
Kālala nui ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui ma India, a ʻo Bangladesh a me Sri Lanka, southern Nepal hoʻi.
Noho kahi ʻōpala mākeke nui i nā ʻano āpau. I kekahi manawa i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i nā hoʻoponopono kanaka, i nā māla, nā ʻūhā a me nā māla. Hiki ke nānā ʻia kokoke i nā kūlanakauhale nui e like me Delhi a me Bombay.
ʻEkolu mau subspecies o ka pahu kukui nui i ʻike ʻia. Noho ka subspecies o Caniceps ma ke komohana hema o Nepal a me India ʻĀkau, i Punjab a me Uttar Pradesh, ma ke ala o South Maharashtra, Orissa a me Bihar). Noho ʻo Inornata i Central-West a me South-West of India (Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka).
Ka ʻai ʻana i kahi paleka nui
Hoʻohana nui ka ʻōla māla nui i nā huaʻai, me nā ficus bengalensis, akā hiki iā ia ke lele i loko o nā ʻāpono i ke ʻimi ʻana i nā hua. E kipa aku i kahi māla kofe. Mālama i ka hua o cifeiers. E ʻai i nā nāhelehe, larvae, manthes, termites. ʻO ka meaʻai a ka manu kekahi i nā pua nectar a me nā petals corolla.
Loaʻa kēia manu pīhoihoi ma Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka. ʻO ke poʻo poʻo Brown-poʻo a i ʻole ʻo Green Greenetet (Megalaima zeylanica)
Ke hānai nei i kahi pahu nui
Kūkulu nui mau ʻōpiopio mau mai Pepeluali a ʻOkakopa. Hoʻolālā pinepine ʻia nā nests ma nā kuʻi lāʻau ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 2 a 10 mau mika. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka lua i ka lāʻau ma nā manu ʻelua. Hohonu ka komo ʻana mai 15 a 80 cm. ʻO ka wahine e waiho ana i nā hua keʻokeʻo 2-4 mau keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻōuli polū. Ma kahi o nā hebedoma ʻelua ʻo Hatching. Hoʻokomo a wahine a male kāne i nā kao.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka pahu pā nui
Ke alakaʻi nei kahi kiki kai māla nui i kahi keʻokeʻo e hana ai, e hana ana i nā kipa ma ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai. I ka noho ʻana ma luna o kekahi o kāna mau mea punahele punahele, ʻo ka ficus Bengalensis, hui pū ke kala o ka plumage me kahi aʻa o nā lau. ʻOiai ʻo kona ʻakaʻawa ka kala o nā hua ficus. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā ʻalemele i nā pua nui i nā holoholona nui o ka iwakālua a keu paha mau kānaka.
He ʻano ʻōiwi manu maʻamau ke ʻano nui.