Hoʻokomo ka ʻohana Redstart i nā ʻano manu he 13, ka hapanui o lākou e noho ana ma Kina, ma nā wahi ulu o nā Himalaya, ma ka pāpū ʻEulopa, ʻo ia ka māhele waena o Siberia, ma kahi hapa o Asia.

E pili ana ʻo Redstart i kēlā mau manu manu, i koho i nā wahi e noho ai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana lāʻau, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi mauna. O kahi laʻana, halekula maʻamauʻo kāna inoa ʻelua ka inoa ʻo ia ka mea kuʻuna maʻa o nā ʻāpana Pākehā. A ʻo ka nahele ʻo Siberian taiga a hiki i nā wahi ʻākau e noho ana ʻulaʻulaʻOlua Siberian.

Redstart, kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ka māla a i ʻole ʻulaʻula - he manu lele mai ka ʻohana o nā mea e hana ai i nā mea lele, kahi mākaʻu manu. Kapa ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā manu maikaʻi loa e noho ana i loko o nā paka, nā māla, nā ʻāpana.

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino o ka manu nīnika ʻole ma mua o 20 g, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino me ka huelo he 15 cm, ua loaʻa nā ʻēheu me ka hoʻolaha ākea he 25 cm.

I ke kiʻi, redstart

He paʻakikī ke nānā ʻole i kēlā nani a hiki i kahi mamao loa, a ʻo kēia, ʻoiai ka nui o ka pichuga ʻaʻole i nunui ka nui o ka manu. Ke lele nei mai ka lālā i ka lālā, hōʻike pinepine ka redstart i kona huelo, a me he mea lā i ka lā, ua aniani e like me kahi kukuna uila.

E like me nā manu he nui, e kū ana ke kāne no kahi kala he nui aʻe o ka plumage. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻulaʻula me nā maka ʻeleʻele.

Paʻi ʻia ka wahine ma ka leʻa o ke kala ʻolō me kahi kiko o ka hina, a ʻulaʻula loa ka hapa lalo a a me ka huelo. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nā ​​mea āpau o ka redstart ma ka huelo he mau ʻūpoko ʻeleʻele. He hōʻailona kūʻokoʻa kēia. ʻulaʻula a me kā mākou mea ukana - ʻo Siberian.

Hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo redhart kiʻi ʻoniʻoni

Ma ke ala, hea aku nā mea ʻonithologists i ka nui loa o nā mea nui i hōʻike ʻia. ulaula ulaula. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kāne, ʻo ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka pena ma mua o ka wahine.

He lei kona a me ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻēheu ke keokeo, ke kua, he kapa hope i ka ʻala, ke ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele, a me kahi lāʻī, sternum, ʻōpū a me kahi ʻāpana o ka plumage ma luna o ka huelo i ʻāpala ʻia me ka maka o ka ʻū. Ma kēiaʻano o ka redstart, hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo pono i ka gamut piha o ka kala plumage.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano

ʻOiai ʻo ka manu Siberia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau o nā ulula taiga, kaohi ia i ka pāpale coniferous coniferous dense. ʻO ka hapa nui, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka nahele, i nā wahi i waiho ai a me nā māla, ma nā wahi, kahi i nui ai nā ʻōpū. E like me ka mea maʻamau, makemake ka manu e noho i nā hawewe kūlohelohe e pili ana i kahi noho kanaka.

Pane ʻo Siberian Redstart

Mele a Redstart kūpono i nā loiloi maikaʻi loa. ʻO kāna mau ʻūpā he mele mele ia o ke kī kīwī, he nani, ʻokoʻa, ʻano like, chanted. Hoʻomaka ka leo i kahi keiki-nui - a "a laila hele i kahi ʻōhua holchir-chir-chir" e holo ana.

E hoʻolohe i ka mele o ka redstart

ʻO ka mahalo, i ka hīmeni ʻana o ka redstart, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i ke kani o nā ʻano manu he nui. No ka mea, he lohe hoʻoliʻiliʻi ke lohe i ka leo mele o kahi hōʻaʻo, zaryanki, aʻo nā kānaka ʻē aʻe e ʻike ka loiloi me ke mele o kahi tit, finch, pied flycatcher.

Redstart aloha e hīmeni i ka wā āpau a hiki i ke pō ka piha ʻana o ka taiga i nā kahe leo mālie o kēia mau mea kupanaha o ke ʻano. ʻO kekahi mea hou e pili ana i nā mele a ka Redstart: ʻike ornithologists ʻo ke kāne ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moena, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kumu nui, e hoʻopuka i kahi pōkole pōkole pōkole, ka mea i kapa ʻia he mele.

No laila, ʻo kēia loiloi he laina leo ʻono piha i piha i nā leo o nā ʻano manu ʻole, a ʻo ka ʻokikua ke hoʻokani, ʻoi aku ka naʻau o kāna mele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana.

ʻO Ka Hoʻomaʻo Redstart

ʻO kaʻai o ka redstart e hilinaʻi nui i ka noho. Mālama nui ia i nā iniseti. ʻAʻohe ona huna iā ia i nā ʻano a pau o nā inisini, a huki ʻo ia iā lākou ma ka ʻāina, a hemo mai nā lālā, a ʻimi i nā lau hāʻule.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻāʻī, hele a nui ka ʻai o ka redstart, a hiki iā lākou ke mākaʻū i nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu huaʻai, e like me ka lehu ahi maʻamau, viburnum, currant, elderberry, aronia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ke pau nei ka hānai, ʻo ia ka mea pinepine i ka waena waena o ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, hōʻuluʻulu ka redstart no ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi mahana, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā ʻāina o ʻAmelika wela. ʻO ka lele o kēia mau manu hihiu e lawe ʻia i ka pō.

Hoʻi hou ʻo Redstart i ko lākou wahi i kū mua aʻe ma mua o ka hāwē ʻana o nā pua. I ka manawa e hele aku ai ka manu i nā wahi hoʻomake, hoʻomaka koke ke kāne e ʻimi i ke kula no ka nano. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma mua, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻanuʻu manu i nā hollows o kahi ʻano maoli a maoli paha.

ʻO nā ʻaleka Woodpecker ka wahi kūpono kūpono loa i ka pili, akā, ʻo ka ʻeke o ke kumu, kahi ona i waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka lepo, kūpono i kēia. ʻAʻole hopohopo nā Pichugs e noho ma kahi o kekahi kanaka, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia kā lākou mau hiu ma hope o nā hāmeʻa, ma hope o nā puka makani a me nā wahi e noho maluhia ana i nā hale e noho ai ka poʻe.

ʻO ke kāne, ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka wahine, e mālama pono i kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia a e hoʻokuke aku i nā poʻe hulu manu poʻomanaʻo mai iā ia.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Hana ʻia kahi hanana ʻoluʻolu loa e ka redstart i ka manawa hoʻokolokolo. Noho ke kāne a ka wahine hoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao ma kahi lālā, aʻo ke keiki hulu ʻalae e kū mai ana ma kahi kūlana ʻē aʻe iā ia ma ke ʻano o ka mea i wae ʻia, i kēlā manawa ke unuhi ʻo ia i kona mau ʻēheu i luna a hana i kahi kani kani, hoʻomanaʻo i kahi ʻano gurgle.

Inā hui pū ka wahine me ia, ʻehā lākou i ka manawa like mai ka lālā a lele aku, no ka mea, he kāne mare. Akā inā makemake ka wahine, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole makemake i kahi koho i koho no ka nano, haʻalele ʻo ia iā Romeo, me ke aloha, me ka kānalua ʻole.

I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka redstart nest i ka hollow

Hana ka wahine i kahi pā, a lawe i kēia hebedoma i ka manawa. I kēia manawa holoʻokoʻa, e luhi ana ka redstart i ka mea hana mea hana, a he mea ʻole hoʻi e hanai i nā mea hānai i loko o ka pūnana. Hiki i ka mea waiho i ka moss, ka huluhulu a me nā lauoho o nā holoholona a me nā holoholona hihiu, nā ʻōpala o ke kaula, ka kaula, kahi, nā mea i kūʻai ʻia i ka hale a me nā ʻeke ʻē aʻe i hiki ke loaʻa ma kahi kokoke.

ʻO ka waiho ʻana o ka redstart e 6 mau hua, heʻu pinepine ʻo 7-8 o lākou. ʻOi pū me nā leiua uhi ʻia me ka ʻulaʻulaʻula. Hoʻomaopopo ka manawa hoʻohālikelike o ka incubation masonry ʻelua mau pule.

I ke lā mua, ua ʻae ka wahine iā ia iho e haʻalele i ka nano e ʻai ai, a laila hoʻi, e hoʻi ana i kona wahi, e ʻoliʻwā mau i nā hua, a lawe wale ʻia ka pā.

ʻO ka mea mahalo no ka mea, ke hala ʻole ka makuahine nona ka hapalua o hoʻokahi hola, a laila ka wahi mālama makua e kau nei ma luna o ka masonry a noho ma laila a hoʻi mai ka wahine.

I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka ʻohana redstart

Hōʻike ka ulu ʻōpio i ka hopena o ke kō a i ke kumu mua o ke kauwela. Ke Aliʻi Papau hānau makapō a ʻūuli hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia he ʻano kūʻokoʻa, no ka mea he nui nā ʻano o nā manu, hānau ʻia nā moa i kēia ʻano.

Mālama nā mākua ʻelua i nā keiki. Eia nō naʻe, i nā lā mua loa e lele ʻole ka wahine mai kahi ʻē, i kau ʻole ʻole ai nā moa, a loaʻa ka makua o ka ʻohana, a ʻai pū lāua i ka wahine a me nā moa.

ʻO ka pinepine ke kāne o nā kāne he kīpoki, ma kēia hihia mālama ʻo ia i kekahi ʻohana a me kekahi, akā ma nā ʻano like ʻole. Holo pinepine ʻo ia i loko o kahi pūnana pinepine, a ʻike pinepine ka ʻohana ʻē aʻe iā ia.

Ke ulu a ulu nui nei, ʻo nā moa a ma hope o ka malama, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele aʻe, e hoʻomaka koke i waho o ka noke mehana. I kahi pule aʻe, e hānai nā mākua i kā lākou keiki, nāna i kēlā manawa i hele ʻole i kahi mamao loa. Ma kahi hebedoma e hala ana, e loaʻa i ka poʻe pōkole ke hana i ko lākou holo mua mua, ma hope o lākou e mākaukau e noho kūʻokoʻa.

Ua hoʻokuʻu ke kāne mare i ka hua mua, me ka hoʻoluhi ʻole i ka manawa, hoʻomau i ka waiho ʻana a pau hou. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa i ʻike ʻia ma ka wao o ka redstart i ka nahele ma kahi o ka 10 mau makahiki; a ma ka home, me ka mālama pono, hiki iā lākou ke ola iki aku.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ka nui o ka manu e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka nui o kahi manu i kamaʻilio ʻia e nā kānaka a pau, 10-16 cm.ʻO ka nui o ke kanaka e like me 18-20 g. ʻO nā ʻēheu o nā ʻēheu manu a hiki i 25 cm. He mauʻu nā wāwae, kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kahi manu liʻiliʻi ma muli o ke kala ʻono o ka ʻōpū a me nā hulu hulu. ʻO ka kala ʻula ʻala i hāʻawi i ka inoa i ka hulu. Hōʻike ka redstart i ke kiʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hūnā me kekahi. ʻO ke poʻo, ke kua o ka pale hina. Lālā, ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele. He kapa ʻulaʻula a ka wahine, me nā hōʻailona ʻulaʻula - ʻoi aku ka hopu ma mua o ke kāne. I nā poʻe ʻōpiopio, he hina ka plumage me nā wahi ocher. I ka wā lulu, maloʻo ke kala o nā manu a pau. He manu nui ka manu, pihi iki. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ia no ka hopu ʻana i ka mea pio.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka neʻe o ka redstart, ʻo ka twitching pinepine o nā huina maʻamau. Hele nā ​​manu lele i ka wā hānau i loko o ʻApelika Pokole i ka wā mua o ka hopena o ka hopena. E lele mau i ka pō i ka mahina o Kepakemapa - ʻo ka lā mua o ʻOkakopa. I ka pūnāwai, i Malaki - ʻApelila, hoʻi lākou i ko lākou mau wahi huna. ʻO ka mālama ʻana e mālama i nā manu i loko o nā cages ua kūleʻa a mālama pono. Akā hoʻohana ʻia ka redstart i kekahi kanaka no ka manawa lōʻihi, i ka pio ma ke mele iki. I ka wā mua, ua nakinaki ʻia nā eheu i nā manu, inā ʻaʻole ʻae lākou i ka pahu a make a make.

Kahi a lākou e noho ai

I ʻEulopa, e noho ana ka redstart i nā ululāʻau palu pulu, a ma ʻAmelika a me Asia Minor, ua noho pū kekahi i nā ululāʻau mauna. Haʻalele ʻo ia i nā wahi maʻa a me nā pōhaku e kokoke ana i nā wahi mauna i kona pili pili kokoke ʻole - ke redstart ʻeleʻele.

Ma ka māla, nā manu ʻelua o kēia mau manu. Ma waena o nā wahi punahele kahi o ka nohona ʻulaʻula he mau pā hale kahiko a me nā hiʻu, kahi nui nā lāʻau kuahiwi kahiko. Ma Berlin, redstart mau wahi māka i kūloko, nā māla, a me nā hale kanu. I kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lehulehu o nā kaiāulu o Redstart ma nā wao nahele. I ka hopena o ʻAukake, e hoʻomaka ka redstart e hoʻomākaukau no ka holo ʻana i ʻAmelika mahana. Noho ka hoʻoilo ma Sub-Saharan Africa.

Redstart: manu me ka hiʻi ʻulaʻula nani

He manu ʻokoʻa a Redstart kahi manu liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nona nā kauoha Passeriformes. ʻAʻole ʻike nā ʻano manu o kēia manu ma Rūsia; ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo nā subspecies i holo i loko o ko mākou mau ʻāina.

ʻO nā manu e ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia nā manu like ʻole i hiki i ke ʻano o ka redstart maʻamau (coot, garden), chernushka a me Siberian redstart.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona ʻuhane holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i 15 cm, a ʻo nā ʻēheu he 24 cm. Kaumaha a ka manu he 20-25 gram.

Kahi a kahi e noho ai ka redstart

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia manu i nā'āina he nui, akā ʻo ka hapanui o lākou e noho nei ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Asia, aneane ka ʻāina āpau o ʻEulopa, ma China, India, a me Russia.

Noho ka hapanui redstart i kēlā mau wahi kahi o kahi kuahiwi, akā nō naʻe, noho lākou ma nā ululāʻau, ʻoi loa i ka ulu lāʻau. Ua hoʻonui ʻia nā nā nahele maʻamau i ka nui o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu i kūpono.

Ma kā mākou wahi, hiki ke loaʻa i ka redstart māla i nā paka i nā kīhāpai, nā māla, nā māla huaʻai: ʻo ka mea nui ka nui o nā kumulāʻau nāhelehe e ulu ana a puni.

I ka hoʻoilo, lele ka redstart i nā ʻaoʻao hema o nā ʻAmelika Arapi a ma ʻAmelika.

Nui nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau manu. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā subspecies o kēia mau manu mai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hulu hulu manu ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nani a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā manu ʻē aʻe.

He ʻulaʻula ulaula ka redstart, a ʻo ke koena o ka hulu ʻalaʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele metallic hina. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kala o ka kāne ma mua o ka plumage o ka wahine.

He mea kupaianaha naʻe ia no ka hoʻoilo, ua keʻokeʻo ka keʻokeʻo o nā kāne kāne o ka lei hulu. He manu ʻano ikaika ʻo Redstart: ʻaʻole lākou e noho mālie, akā e lele mau ana, e hana ana i nā leo he nui.

Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

I waena o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka ʻulaʻula, e noho i nā manu o ka ʻai i kahi kūlana kūikawā, i ka lā a me ka pō. ^ E Ha yM. Pilikia no kēia ʻano manu, nā pōloli a me nā manu manu ʻē aʻe e noho nei i nā māla a me nā paka.

ʻO nā meamila e ʻike nei i ke ala e piʻi ai nā kumulāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻohana marten, hiki iā ia ke ʻimi hou i ka redstart a me ka ʻai a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a me nā hua. ʻO ka pōʻino nui i kēia ʻano, me nā manu āpau e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau, hōʻike ʻia e nā nāhelehele, e ʻike pinepine ana i nā nalo a ʻulaʻula a ʻai i nā hua manu, pipi, a me nā manu manu pākē, inā i ʻike ʻole ʻia.

Ka leo leo o ka manu

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka manu, ʻo ka hoʻohui aʻe i kona ʻimi maoli ʻana i ka hulu hulu manu, ka hīmeni ʻokoʻa o ka redstart, kahi hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mea kūwili: ka laha hoʻopuka, ka culmination a me ka pau hope o ka hana i hana ʻia.

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i kahi kāohu no kekahi manawa, hiki i kahi kanaka maʻamau ke ʻike i kēia ʻano o nā manu i ka wā o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā lākou mau mele i mea kani i nā leo kani e hana ʻia e nā manu ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻalo nā Redstarts maʻamau i nā manawa āpau, ʻoiai ke hoʻomaha nei no kahi hoʻomaha o ka pō, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā manawa he mau hola. I ka napoʻe ʻana, e ala a nā manu liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaka koke e hīmeni i kā lākou mele mele nui. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa kēia manu i kona inoa ma muli o kona ʻano kupaianaha - nā hulu ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula ʻia i ke kahe o ke ao kakahiaka.

Kāleka

He manu ʻē aʻe ʻo Redstart i ka nui o ka sparrow. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kona kino e hoʻonui i ka 10-15 cm, a me ke kaupaona - 20 gram. ʻO ka ʻēheu o kēia manu e like me 25 cm. I kona palapala, ua like ka redstart i kahi kikoʻī maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka nani a ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole loa ia ke kino nui loa i ke ʻano o kahi oho elima a me kahi kaiki paʻa, proportional i ke poʻo liʻiliʻi a me kahi ukiʻi e like me ka passerine, akā iʻoi aku ka elongated a me ka lahilahi.

ʻEleʻele nā ​​maka a like hoʻi, e like me nā mane. ʻO nā ʻēheu pōkole, akā ikaika. ʻO ka huelo ma ka lele he like ia me ka hika paʻa, a i ka wā i noho ai ka manu ma luna o kahi lālā a i ʻole ka lepo, ua like kona ʻano me ka mea kuʻekuʻe, akā ua kuʻi ʻia.

He hoihoi! Aia ma kekahi mau ʻano o ka redstart, i noho nui ia ma ʻAsia, ʻaʻole ka hina kahi o ka plumage mai luna aʻe, akā he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻulaʻula paha, ka mea e hoʻonā i ka ʻokoʻa o waena o ke kala anuanu o ka tua o ka tua a me ka hoʻōkiʻulu ʻulaʻula o ka ʻōpū o ka manu a me kāna kao ʻulaʻula.

ʻO nā wāwae o kahi redstart he lahilahi, a ʻeleʻele hina a i ʻole ka ʻeleʻele hoʻi, nā kui ka liʻiliʻi akā ʻilihune hoʻi: aloha iā lākou, paʻa ka manu i kekahi lālā.

Hoʻoilina, ʻano noho

ʻO Redstart maʻamau e pili ana i nā manu migratory o ka manu: hoʻopau ʻia ʻo ia i ke kauwela ma Eurasia, a lele iā i ʻAmelika a i kahi Kūhi Arabia paha no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka maʻamau, ka hūnā lūlū o kēia ʻano, e pili ana i ka ʻāpana o kahi e noho ai kēia mau manu, hoʻomaka i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ka hapa mua o ka ʻūhā a hāʻule i ka waena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa. E hoʻi hou aku ana ʻo Redstart i ko lākou ʻāina i ka lā o ʻApelila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne i kekahi mau lā ma mua o nā wahine.

ʻO kēia mau manu keu e hānai nui ʻia i nā ululāʻau o nā kumulāʻau, akā inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, hana kā lākou hana i nā nū ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe: a me nā puʻu, a me nā mea puʻupuʻu a me nā huaʻala, a me ka wīwī i nā lālā lāʻau.

He hoihoi! ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Redstart i ka makemake i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnana: hiki i kēia mau manu ke kūkulu iā ia i ka pae ʻāina a kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​lālā lāʻau.

ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka wahine hoʻokahi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana: hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ia mai nā ʻano mea like ʻole, ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau, nā kumulāʻau o nā mea laʻu, nā lau, nā ʻōpala, nā pono a me nā hulu manu.

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Redstart no kā lākou hīmeni ʻana, e hoʻokumu ʻia ana i nā ʻano kī he nui, e like me nā kani e hana ʻia e nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe, e like me ka finch, starling, flycatcher.

Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā moʻomeheu pelekane ma kēia ʻano: he ʻokoʻa nā kāne i nā wahine ʻokoʻa. E like me ka mea, ʻoi aku ka mahalo i nā kāne me kā lākou hoʻohālikelike i ka hina-ʻulaʻula a i ke kala ʻulaʻula paha a ka manu i loaʻa ai i kona inoa, ʻoiai nā ʻano wahine like ʻole o ka redstart i pena ʻia i loko: i nā aniani brownish o kēlā mau māmā a me ka ikaika. Aia wale nō kekahi o nā ʻano ʻano ʻaneʻane nā wahine like me nā kāne kāne.

He hoihoi! ʻAʻole hiki i nā wahine ke kaena aku i kēlā mau kukui kilokilo: ma luna he hina hina, a ʻo ka ʻōpū a me ka huelo wale nō ke kua, ʻulaʻula.

No laila, i kahi kāne redstart maʻamau, he kūpaʻa ʻeleʻele a ke kua a me ke poʻo, ua pihi ka ʻōpū i loko o kahi aniani-ʻulaʻula, a ʻo ka huelo i loko o kahi aniani koʻikoʻi, me ka hiʻona, mai kahi mamao aku ke ahi e like me ka lapalapa ʻana. Ua hoʻonani ʻia ka mua o ka manu me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a ʻeleʻele a me ke ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī i nā ʻaoʻao. ^ E Ha yM. Mahalo i kēia ʻahohui hui like ʻana o nā kala, ʻike ʻokoʻa ka male kāne ʻo Redstart, ʻoiai ka nui o kēia mau manu.

Nā ʻano ʻulaʻula

Aia ma kahi o 14 mau ʻāpana o redstart:

• ʻO Alashan Redstart
• ʻOihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa
• Redstart ʻulaʻula
• ʻUlaʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
• ʻO Redstart maʻamau
• Hoʻohālikelike papahele
• Keʻula ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo
• ʻStlelo Rediber
• Redstart keʻokeʻo-ʻāpana
• Redstart Kaukaʻewa
• ʻO Redstart i ka ʻulaʻula alo
• ʻOy Redstart
• Luakini Waiwai Waiwai
• Redstart keʻokeʻo-capped

Eia kekahi ma luna o nā mea i kau inoa ʻia ma luna nei, aia i kēia manawa kekahi mau pua o redstart, e noho nei ma ke kahua o kā Hongalē i kēia wā i ka wā Pliocene.

ʻO Habitat, noho

Hoʻopili ʻia ka papa hana redstart ma loko o ʻEulopa a, inā paha ʻo Russia. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaka ia mai Great Britain a hiki i Transbaikalia a me Yakutia. Noho kēia mau manu ma Asia - ʻoiai ma Kina a i nā kahawai o ka Himalaya. Noho kekahi o nā redstart i ke kūkulu hema - a hiki i India a meʻEulopa, a ua loaʻa nā ʻano he nui ma ʻApelika.

ʻOi aku ka nui o redstart e noho ma ka ulu lāʻau, inā he huhū ākea a i ʻole ʻeleʻele subtropical ululāʻau: ʻelua ʻ maʻamau a me ka mauna. Akā, ʻaʻole makemake kēia mau manu iā lākou e pale aku iā lākou. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka redstart ma nā kihi o ka nahele, i nā kīhāpai i haʻalele ʻia a me nā paka, a me nā ala lāʻau ma kahi e nui ai nā ahu. Ma laila o kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi e makemake e ola: ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole i paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi puana kūlohelohe no ka hele ʻana mai i ka pilikia, a me nā lako no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana.

Ke Aliʻi Kaohiʻo

He manu ka nui o Redstart. Akā i ka hāʻule, eʻai pinepine ai i nā meaʻai mea kanu: nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka nahele a i ʻole nā ​​hua ʻai, e like me ka maʻamau a ma ke ʻano hoʻi, nā currants, elderberries.

He hoihoi! ʻAʻole hōʻole ʻia ka redstart i nā iniseti a ma luna o ke kauwela ua hoʻopau i kahi nui o nā pōpoki, e like me nā kukuna nutcracker, nā pulu manu, nā papa moe, nā palela, nā namu a me nā mea lele. Eia naʻe, nā mea inikua maikaʻi e like me, no ka laʻana, nā ʻūpī a i nā ʻai paha e hiki ke lilo i mea no kēia manu.

Eia naʻe, lawe mai ka redstart i nā pōmaikaʻi nui, luku ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole a me nā mea kanu manu. I ka hoʻopio ʻia, mālama pinepine ʻia kēia mau manu i nā mea inikua ola a me nā meaʻai kūlohelohe kūikawā.

Pahu a keiki

E like me ke kānāwai, ua hoʻi mai nā kāne mai ka hoʻoilo i kekahi mau lā ma mua o nā wahine a hoʻomaka koke e ʻimi e wahi i kahi e kūkulu ai kahi pūnana. No ka hana i kēia, ʻike lākou i kahi hāloi kūpono, kahi 'pothole ma luna o kahi lāʻau lāʻau, a i ʻole he ahaʻi mau lā o nā lāʻau i hāʻule ma ka lepo. ʻAʻole haʻalele ka manu i kahi punahele punahele, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka poʻe hoʻokūkū e hiki iā ia ke lawe aku.

Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana o nā wahine, hoʻomaka ka hana hoʻāla. ^ E Ha yM. A laila, inā e lana i ke kāne a me kahi e koho ʻia e ia, ua hana ʻo ia i mea pūnana a waiho a ʻelima a ʻeiwa huaʻala o kahi pua ʻalaʻala i loko. I ka hoʻohālikelike, hoʻopau ka Redstart i nā lā 7-8 i ke kūkulu i kahi pūnana, ʻoiai ua kūpono kūpono ia no kēia ʻoihana.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hua wahine wahine i nā hua no 14 mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, i nā lā mua, waiho iki ʻo ia i ka nalo e loaʻa ka ʻai, a hoʻi hoʻi ia, hoʻohuli ʻo ia i nā ʻōmole i noho ʻole lākou ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, no ka mea e hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o nā moa. Inā hala ʻole ka wahine i hoʻokahi hapa hapalua hora, a laila e lawe ke kāne iā ia a hiki i kona hoʻi ʻana.

Inā make nā hua manu i nā manu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻohana holo ʻole no kekahi kumu, a laila lilo ka pālua o kahi redstart i kahi pipi hou. ʻO nā Redstarts i helehelena ʻaʻole loa e kōkua: e kapa ʻole, makapō a me nā kuli. ʻElua mau pule, hānai nā mākua i kā lākou keiki. Lawe mai lākou i nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi o nā pēpē, e like me nā lele, nā ʻuʻuku, nā namu, nā anuʻi a me nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi me ka uhi ʻole nā ​​chitinous paʻakikī.

He hoihoi! I ka mua, a holo a kuʻi nā wāwae, ʻaʻole a haʻalele ka wahine i ka nalo, me ka mea ʻē aʻe lākou e hoʻokuʻu. I kēia manawa, lawe ka kāne i ka meaʻai ʻaʻole no ka hanauna wale nō, akā nāna hoʻi.

Inā pilikia ka pōʻino, hoʻomaka ka manu lele mai kahi lālā i kekahi, e hoʻopuka nui ana, e hea ana nā hūʻakaʻaka a, a laila, hoʻāʻo e hoʻokau i ka mea make i ʻole e hoʻohuli i kona nānā iā lākou iho. ʻElua mau pule ma hope o kā lāua hānau ʻana, nā pipi, ʻaʻole naʻe e hiki ke lele, hoʻomaka ka haʻalele i ka pūnana, akā ʻaʻole lākou i hele mamao mai ia. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mākua i kahi hebedoma hou aʻe, a hiki i ko lākou holo mua ʻana, ua hānai ʻia lākou. A ma hope o ka liʻiliʻi redstart e aʻo e lele, a laila kūʻokoʻa lākou. ʻO ka mea, ke hele nei ka redstart i ka poperty ma ka hopena o kona makahiki mua o ke ola.

Hōʻalo nā manu makua, ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o nā pēpē i kā lākou nūnēnaka, hana lākou i ka waiho ʻana o ka lua o ka hua manu, no laila, i ka manawa mahana, hiki i ka redstart ke hana i kī ʻole hoʻokahi, akā, ʻelua mau lālā. Ma ka manawa like, ke hana nei lākou i ka waiho hope no kēlā kauwela ma mua o Iulai, i hiki ai i kā kā lākou mau moa āpau ke manawa e holo a aʻo i ka lele maikaʻi ʻana i ka manawa a lākou e haʻalele ai no ka hoʻoilo. ʻOi aku ka pīhoihoi, ʻaʻole manu kēia mau manu a ʻoi aku nā ʻano nui o ka kāne ke "mālama i ka pilina" me ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha nā wahine. I ka manawa like, mālama ʻo ia i kāna mau kīlea a pau, akā ma nā ʻano like ʻole: ke kipa pinepine aku ʻo ia i kahi pūnana a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

ʻO ka redstart maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻano ākea ākea, ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi i hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia, a ua hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana: "Least Concerns". Me kekahi mau ʻano o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole like ka pōmaikaʻi o nā mea āpau, no ka mea, no ka laʻana, ua pau ka hoʻonaʻauao wai o Luzon a ua palena ʻia kona ʻano ma kahi o nā wahi liʻiliʻi, no laila e hiki i ka loli a i ʻole ka hana o nā kānaka waiwai i kēia mau manu.

Ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe

• "ʻO Alashan Redstart:" Hoʻopuka i ka Vulnerability. "
• Redstart i hoihoi ʻia: Kahuli liʻiliʻi.
• Kahe ʻulaʻula ulaula: Least Concerned.
• Blackstart Redstart: Ka Manaʻo Least.
• Hoʻopuka kahua.
• Redstart keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo: Kahalaha Least.
• ʻO Siberian Redstart: "Kamaʻilio Least."
• Redstart-keʻokeʻo Redstart: "Least Concerned."
• ʻO Redstart i hala i pio ʻia: ka hopohopo ʻino.
• Bluest-face Redstart: "Least Concerned."
• Bluest-eyed Redstart: "Least Concerned."
• ʻO Luzon Water Redstart: "Aia i kahi kūlana paʻakikī."
• Ua hele ʻo Redstart i keʻokeʻo: "Leper Concerned."

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano redstart he nui a pōmaikaʻi, ʻoiai ke ʻano he ʻano ʻano like ʻano nui i ka nui o nā lehulehu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai naʻe, i kekahi mau wahi o ka laulā e hiki i kēia mau manu ke liʻiliʻi, e like me ka laʻa, ma Ireland, kahi i loaʻa ʻole ai ka redstart i kahi ākea a pili loa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

He hoihoi! Ma kekahi mau'āina, i lawe ʻia nā hana e mālama ai i ka helu o kēia mau manu, no ka laʻana, ma Farani kekahi pāpā i ka makehewa i ka make ʻana o kēia mau manu, ka luku ʻana i kā lākou mau nāʻo a me ka make ʻana o nā nests. Malama o keia aina ua papaia i ke kuai lilo i redstart a i ole hapa i ko lakou kino, me na manu ola.

ʻO Redstart kahi manu liʻiliʻi i ka nui o ka sparrow me kahi aniani ākea a me ka maka, kahi e hui pū ai i nā pua anuanu o ke kala a i ʻole ʻulaʻula, a me nā kala hina hina i hui pū ʻia me ke ahi ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula wale nō paha. Ua paipai ʻia ma ka ʻĀkau Kūʻē, kahi i noho ai i nā ululāʻau, nā māla, a me nā paka. He mea pōmaikaʻi nui kēia manu, ʻai nui nā pepeke, luku hoʻopau i ka nahele a me nā mea kanu huaʻai.

Mālama pinepine ʻo Redstart i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ai i ke ola ma ka hale paʻahao a hiki ke noho ai i laila i kekahi mau makahiki. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki pinepine ke mele i ka noho pio. Akā ma ke kai kūlohelohe, hiki ke lohe ʻia i kā lākou melodic trills a hiki i keʻeleʻele, no ka laʻana, ma mua o ke ʻano o ka lā a i ʻole o ka lā o ka lā.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

ʻO ka wehewehe mua o ka redstart i hana ʻia e ka Sweden naturalist C. Linney i 1758 i ka paʻi i ka Systema Naturae ma lalo o ka inoa binomial ʻo Motacilla phoenicurus. Ua koho ʻia ka inoa o hope o Phoenicurus e nā mea maoli Pelekane ʻo Tomos Forster i ka makahiki 1817. ʻO ke ʻano a me ka inoa o nā ʻano phoenicurus mai nā huaʻōlelo Helene ʻelua phoinix "ʻulaʻula" a me ka -ouros - "ʻili".

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻO Redstart nā māka o ka ʻohana Muscicapidae, i hōʻike ʻia e ka ettyma o ka inoa ʻepekema, hānau ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā hua ʻōlelo Latin "musca" = lele a "capere" = hopu.

ʻO ka pili pili genetic o ka redstart maʻamau, ʻo ka redstart keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, ʻoiai ke koho o ka genus me kekahi i maopopo ʻole. ʻO kāna mau kūpuna paha ka mua ma ka puka mua e hoʻolaha i ʻEulopa. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua neʻe lākou mai ka pūʻulu o ka papa ʻeleʻele ʻoi aku ma kahi o 3 miliona mau makahiki i hala ma ka hope o ka Pliocene.

Wikiō: Redstart

Hoʻohālikelike mau ʻia, maʻamau a ʻulaʻula redstart a hiki ke hana i nā ʻūhā i ʻike maikaʻi a koʻikoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua i nā ʻokoʻa a e pili ana i ka hana pilikino, a no laila ke ʻano nui loa nā lua. Ua lilo ʻo Redstart i manu no ka makahiki ma Rusia ma 2015.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

Pae ka nui o ka redstart ma waena, a i waena o ka ʻāina o North Africa, Asia a me ʻEulopa. Ke hoʻolilo nei nā manu i ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka laulā, a me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka wai e hoʻi lākou i Europa. ʻO ka hiki ʻana o nā manu e pili ana i ka mahana a me ke ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai - ka nui o nā pepeke i loko o nā kīhāpai, nā māla, nā wahi a me ka nahele.

Hōʻalo ʻo Redstart i nā wahi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ʻano o ko lākou helehelena i ke ala-alahele. ʻO kā lākou punahele punahele i nā paka kahiko me nā lāʻau hoha. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ʻōiwi o ke kaona no ke kaona.

Makemake ʻo Redstart i ka noho mehameha, no laila ke noho kaʻawale nā ​​manu mai kēlā me kēia. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pūʻulu ma kahi o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea hānai ma kahi hoʻokahi. Noho kēlā me kēia redstart i kahi kumuhana pākahi.

A hiki i Iulai ke lohe ʻoe i kā lākou mele melodic, nui i ka pō. ʻO nā kāne ʻōpio ke mele aku ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Noho ko lākou mele ʻana a kokoke i ka uaki. Ma hope ua pilu nā manu. I ka hopena o Iulai - hoʻomaka o ʻAukake, he moltart manawa. I ka hiki ʻana o ka ʻāʻī, lele nā ​​manu i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi hema o ke awelika - nā ʻāina o ʻAmelika, ma ka Kūlima Arabia.

Hōʻike nā nānā o nā redstarts i ko lākou makemake e pāheu i nā māla i nā hale i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Hele mua nā kāne e lawe i kahi a e hōʻike i nā wahine i hiki mai i ko lākou mākaukau e hālāwai.

ʻO nā kāʻei kūleʻa, e like me nā beacons, e lūlū i kahi paʻa i kahi pā hale. He mea nui kēia mea hoihoi i nā manu e ka poʻe mahiʻai. Mālama ʻia ka ʻai i ka wā e hoʻopiʻi ʻia mai nā pōpoki pepeke: nā māmala, nā koholā, nā kolo lau. Hoʻopilikia ʻole nā ​​kānaka i nā manu.

Lilo ka Redstart i kanaka

He mea kūpono kēia manu no ka māla a me ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, no ka mea ʻaʻole i ʻai ka manu i nā lau lau nahele, e like me nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe. ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi (ʻo kēia mau mea nā pōpoki, nā pulu, nā kao a me nā mea ʻai kai ʻai ʻia nā mea kanu).

Ara parrot

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka redstart?

Kiʻi ʻO: Redstart ma Lūkia

ʻO ka hūnā ʻia o kēia ʻano ʻāpana Palearctic komohana a me ke kikowaena o ka wahi i loko o Eurasia, e komo pū me nā zona boreal, Mediterranean a me kahiʻaoʻao. Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema i loko o ka ulu lāʻau e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai e nā mauna. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka Redstart i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Iberian Peninsula, aia no ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke komohana. Aia nā hihia o ka hoʻōla ʻia ʻana o kēia mau manu i ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika.

Ma nā mokupuni Pelekane, loaʻa kēia ma nā ʻaoʻao mamao o Irani, ua noho ʻole ma ka mokupuni ʻo Scottish. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, e pā aku ka laha i Siberia a Lake Baikal. Hiki i ke kiʻi ʻia nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka hikina o ia mea. Ma ke ʻākau, e hoʻonui aku ai ka laulā ma Scandinavia i ka 71 ° north latitude, kahi me Kola Peninsula, a laila a laila hikina aku i ka Yenisei ma Lūkia. i loko o Italia, ua hele wale ka manu me Sardinia a me Corsica. Kahi ʻia ka mau ʻōkule ma ka moku ʻo Balkan a hiki i ka ʻĀkau Helene.

ʻO ka mea e hoihoi ai: ʻO Redstart i hana ikaika i ka hema a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke Kai ʻEleʻele a ma ke kūkulu hema hema Caucasus a ma kahi o 50 ° N ma o Kazakhstan a hiki i nā mauna Saur a hou aʻe ma ka hikina i ka Altai Mongoli. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana mai ka Crimea a me ka hikina o Turkey i ka Caucasus a me ka ʻōnaehana Kopetdag a me ka ʻūhini hema o Iran a ka Pamirs, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema i nā mauna Zagros. Noho liʻiliʻi nā kānaka liʻiliʻi ma Suria.

Laka mua nā redstart i nā māla makemakika me nā birches a me nā oaks, kahi e nānā maikaʻi ai ʻo ia wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā pua, a ʻoi loa ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau i loaʻa nā lua kūpono no ka hana ʻana. ʻOi aku lākou i ka nalo i ka kihi o ka ulu lāʻau.

I ʻEulopa, ua komo pū kekahi i nā māka a me nā māla kahiko i nā kūlanakauhale kūloko. Hoʻohana lākou i loko o nā ululāʻau maoli o nā lāʻau, no laila he lāʻau make a nā mea paha i malo nā lālā i kūpono no kēia ʻano. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou i nā kumulāʻau konifous kahiko.

He aha nā mea like

Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia ʻo Redstart, ʻo ia manu liʻiliʻi me ka huʻu ʻulaʻula. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka redstart ʻo ka ʻula o ka huila a me ka ʻōpū; ua momona lākou, he hina ka kua. ʻOiai, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻili o nā wahine i ʻoniʻoni. I ka wā o ka lele mai kahi lālā a i kahi lālā, twistart characteristically twitches kona huelo, me ka mea e hoʻomālamalama i ke ahi ʻōlamalama i ka lā, a laila hoʻokuʻu manu. No laila ua kapa ʻia ka redstart ma muli o ka ʻāpana saturated o ka huelo, me he mea lā "ʻā ʻia" (ʻā ʻia ke kao).

Ma waena o ka redstart, aia nā ʻano like ʻole, kahi o ka redstart ulaula hina (maʻamau), redstarted redstart, Siberian redstart, red-bellied redstart, redstarted coot, park redstart. I ka manawa like, ʻokoʻa lākou a pau i kahi ʻōpū loa, kahi koikoi awl-kahi a me kahi liʻiliʻi ma ka hope, lōʻihi a nā wāwae ʻokoʻa.

He aha nā mea a ka redstart i ʻai ai?

Whakaahua: Wahine Redstart

Ke ʻimi nei ʻo Redstart i ka meaʻai i ka ʻōpū, ma ka lalo o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mauʻu. Inā ma ka ʻihi o luna o kahi kumulāʻau a i ʻole paha i kahi nui o nā mea kolo he nui, eʻai nō ka manu iā lākou. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana o ka redstart i loko o nā holoholona invertebrate liʻiliʻi, akā, ʻo ka mea kanu mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hua waina, he kuleana pū kekahi. He ʻokoʻa like ka nui o ka mea i loaʻa i ia mea, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 50 mau ʻohana o nā iniseti, like ʻole nā ​​arachnids a me nā poʻe noho ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻai hoʻi ʻo Redstart:

ʻO kekahi mau huaʻa a me nā hua ʻē aʻe i hānai ʻia i nā moa huaʻai, a ma hope hoʻi o ka wā hoʻoulu a nā mākua. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻino e like me ka meli a me nā wasps i kahi kākau. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻouka ʻana mai ka lua a ʻewalu kenekulia. ʻAi ʻia ka waiwai nui ma mua o ka hānai. Manaʻo nui ka Redstart e hūnā i ka mea lawe pio, e hūnā ana i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe e like me nā pōhaku, nā poʻi a me nā mea haleahi, nā lāʻau sparse a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau.

ʻO ka lōʻihi i ka hana i ka maʻamau i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau mika, akā aia paha ma mua o ʻumi mau mika. Ke koho nei i ka hopu ʻia ʻana, e ʻimi pono ka redstart i ka meaʻai ma ka ʻāina ma nā ʻano like ʻole. No kēia, ua hoʻohui pono ʻo ia i nā wāwae puha a like ʻole ka lōʻihi a me nā manamana lima kūloko no ka jogging. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa e neʻe ai ʻo ia, hoʻokōʻe. Pēlā, e hōʻike ana ka redstart i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki ʻana i ke koho a me ka lawaiʻa o ka ʻai.

ʻUlaʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula

Loaʻa i nā ʻenekia redstart a i ʻole nā ​​redstarted redstart e loaʻa ma ʻEulopa a me ʻĀsia Asia. ʻOi ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o ka pīpī a kaupaona i ka 14-19 grama. ʻO ka kāne ke kīhule ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o mua, ka lae, ka pūpiki, nā papālina, nā ʻāʻī a me ke goiter, ʻeleʻele ʻia ka huʻu i ka kala ʻulaʻula me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. I ka manawa like, na ka wahine he polū ʻulaʻula-hina, me ka hoʻowalewale ʻia o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula māmā.

Noho kēlā mau manu ma nā kuahiwi mauna:

• kāhea eʻai
• ma nā pali
• ma nā puhū me nā ʻōpala paʻu

Loaʻa ʻia lākou ma nā wahi noho, kahi mau lākou i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā kahua a me nā kūkulu kūkulu ʻia, nā wahi ākea me nā hale kaawale like ʻole nā ​​pipili a nā hale pule paha o nā halepule. Mālama ʻia ʻo Blackstarted Redstarts wale nō a he ʻelua.

I Ukraine, ua manaʻo ʻia ka redstart redstart e noho manuahi ʻana, nā manu migratory o nā manu i loaʻa i ka ʻāina a puni.

Ka hīmeni ʻana ka hīmeni ʻana a me nā mea hina, e like me ka lāʻau. I ka hoʻomaka, lohe ʻia kekahi trik haʻalulu pōkole, ka nui o ka nui o ka hoʻonui, a ma hope o ke ʻano he nui kahi trill nui. I ka redstart redstart, hiki i ka mele ke hoʻokuʻi hou ʻia i nā manawa he i ka lālani.

He aha nā mea a kēia manu e ʻai ai

E ʻai ʻia kēlā mau manu a me nā manu nūhi: nā lele, nā anuʻi, nā kaʻi, nā ʻalā o nā pōpō, a me nā mea nui a me nā snails liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole kēia e ʻōlelo nei ua ʻai wale kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi i nā mea ʻino, me ka leʻaleʻa maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano hua like ʻole e ulu ana i nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai he mea hoihoi loa, ʻaʻole ka redstart iʻai koke i nā iniseti: mua, hopu ka manu i ka mea i pio, a laila lawe iā ia i kahi i loaʻa ʻole kahi pōpilikia. ʻO nā pīpī nunui ua kui mua ʻia e ka redstart me kona ʻauhau, a i hāʻule maoli ʻia i ka ʻāina ikaika o ka honua e hoʻokū ai i ka waiwai. No nā mauhele manu ka nui a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻai holoholona, ​​hoʻohemo ka redstart i kona mau wāwae.

Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka pānaʻi e hānai i kā lākou mau moa, ʻo ka ʻakaʻoki ʻalani a ka ʻokiʻoki i nā inikini a kāʻili i nā huaʻai, a ma hope wale nō ka hoʻouna ʻana i kēia "puree" i ka pulupulu o kā lākou keiki.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Nā kiʻi: male Redstart

Noho ka Redstart ma ka lalo o nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau liʻiliʻi a hana i nā neʻe haʻalulu weliweli. E ʻike ai i ka meaʻai, hele pōkole ka manu i ka lepo a hopu i nā mea inikini i ka wā o ka lele pokole i ka lewa. ʻO Winters ma waena o ʻApelia a me Arabia, hema o ka wao nahele Sahara, akā aia ma ka ʻākau o ka ekuatika a mai ka hikina Senegal a i Yemen. Lele nā ​​manu i nā wahi i kokoke i ke ea savannah. Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā neʻe no ka hoʻoilo ma ka Sahara a i ʻole ʻEulopa ʻEulopa.

ʻO ka mea e ʻike ʻia: ʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ka hema i hema hema o ka ʻāina pana, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke Komohana Aria, ma ʻAitiopa a me Sudan ma ka hikina o ka Nile. Pono e waiho i Redstart no ka hoʻoilo. E hele mai ka hekili mai ka hapalua o Iulai a hoʻopau ma kahi i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. ʻO ka manawa haʻalele nui ke ka manawa ʻelua o ʻAukake. Hiki ke loaʻa nā manu Late a hiki i ka mahina ʻOkakopa, pilikia loa ma Nowemapa.

I nā wahi hoʻouluulu, nā manu mua e hiki mai i ka hopena o Malaki, ʻo ka manawa nui o ka hōʻea ʻana mai ka waena o ʻApelila a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o Mei. Hoʻokumu ka neʻe o ka hiʻona o ka redstart i ka ʻai e loaʻa ai. I ke anu anuanu, ʻo ke kino o ka meaʻai ka mea hua ʻia o nā hua. Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana, hīmeni mau nā kāne i ke ao, ʻo kā lākou mele wale nō i pau kahi hopena. I Iulai, ʻaʻohe lohe hou ka redstart i ka hana.

E mālama ana ʻo Shedding i Iulai - ʻAukake. ʻAʻole manuahi manuahi ʻo Redstart, i waho o ka wā ulu, ua ʻike pinepine lākou i ka ʻona. Aia ma nā wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka waiwai, no ka laʻana, ma nā kahe o nā muliwai, he nui nā ʻuʻuku o nā manu, a laila he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma waena o lākou.

Pehea nā redstart breed

ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo ka redstart i kūkulu i kā lākou ʻuʻuku i nā puʻu o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa ke kūkulu ʻia kā lākou ʻuʻuku ma lalo o ka hale o kahi e noho ai a i ʻole i kahi hana i hana ʻia o ka wahie.

ʻO nā hihia o ka hana ʻana i nā nisa i nā aʻa lāʻau kahi mea maoli ʻole ia: kūpono kūpono ke hoʻoponopono ʻia i nā mea mai kahi e hoʻopuʻi ai ka wahī. Hoʻohana ʻia mai ka mauʻu, nā ʻōpala, ka moss, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa nā kaula, nā kaula, ka huluhulu i ka kila.

Hōʻoia ʻo ke kāne ke noho ʻole nā ​​manu ʻē aʻe i ka nuku hou i kūkulu ʻia, ʻo ia nō ke kuleana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hale i kapa ʻia ʻo ia e noho ai nā pīpī.

Hoʻomaka ka manu e waiho i nā hua ma ka hopena o Mei, i loko o kahi hakakā i laila aia i nā hua he 6-8 mau polū. Hāpaiʻo Hatching i ʻelua pule, ma hope o ka pipi ʻana i nā pipi i ka nisa no kahi mau lā 15.

ʻO ka wahine a me ke kāne ke hānai i kā lākou keiki: lawe lākou i ka meaʻai i kā kā lākou mau moa a hiki i 500 mau lā i ka lā. Hele ka mākua i nā moa a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana e lele wiwo ʻole a loaʻa kā lākou ʻai.

Ke poʻo ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​Redstart maʻamau

ʻO ka hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha a ʻo kahi manu ʻono hoʻi kekahi. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kāne wale nō ke hiki ke kaena aku i ka palaualelo ʻōpōpō maikaʻi, no ka mea ua ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka wahine. ʻAno ke kala, akā ʻulaʻula ka ʻili. I ke kāne, ʻeleʻele-hina ka popo o ke kua, ke umauma, ka ʻōpū, nā ʻaoʻao a me ka huelo i loko o ke kala ʻulaʻula, akā he ʻeleʻele kona ʻāʻī a me kona mau pāpālina. I kekahi manawa aia ka lae keʻokeʻo ke kāne.

ʻO ka Redstart maʻamau e noho ana ma ʻAkelika Komohana, Eurasia, a ma ka hapa nui o Rusia.

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, hoʻohanohano ʻia ka redstart maʻamau e ka hīmeni sonorous. I ka hoʻomaka, hele pinepine a hele aku ke kuʻikahi, akā i ka lōʻihi o ka wā o ka emi ʻana o ka trill.

ʻO nā mea mele mele o kahi manu

ʻO ka pono kūpono o ka redstart ʻo kāna mele, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻekolu: hoʻopuka, climax a me ka hopena.

Inā ʻoe e makaʻala pono i ke ʻano o kā lākou hīmeni ʻana, ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka manawa o ka redstart e like me ke mele ʻana i nā manu ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻalo nā manu i nā manawa āpau, e hoʻomaha wale ana i ka pō, ʻoiaʻiʻo no kekahi mau hola. Me ka wanaʻao, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā kani kilokilo o kā lākou mele nani, me ka ikaika i ka ʻili i kā lākou huelo.

Ke awakea, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke mele, ka ʻoni o ka plumage i ka ʻā o ke kū mai o ke kahe o ka lā, no laila ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka redstart i kona inoa, no ka mea i ka hui pū ʻana o kahi lā ʻoni a me nā ʻapo makapō, i like paha nā hulu o ka hulu manu e hoʻopau wale a ʻā.

ʻO ke mele pinepine ai nā kāne, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō ma kahi mele 500 i hoʻokahi lā.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

ʻO ka ʻaihue ʻana o Redstart i nā ana a i ʻole kekahi mea e ʻimi ai i nā kumulāʻau, i nā lāʻau noke. ʻAʻole loa eʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe, e pono e hōʻā ʻia me ka wai nāwaliwali, e like me ka pā ākea a i ʻole lua paha. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia mau ʻano i nā ana hollow, e like me nā kahakaha o nā pōhaku, nā pou pā hoka. Loaʻa nā nosis i nā hale hana kanaka i hana ʻia. Aia ka hapa nui o nā ʻuʻuku ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau mika. Inā hoʻonoho ʻia ka masonry ma luna o ka lepo, no laila e pono i kahi pale.

Hoʻopili ʻo Redstart i ke ʻano o ka hana monogamous o ka hoʻohālikelike. E hele iki nā males ma kahi liʻiliʻi loa ma ka wahi pana a hele i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi kūpono no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka nano. He hoʻoholo hope a ka wahine. Kūkulu ʻia ka pili i ka wahine, no ka 1.5 a 8 mau lā. Hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia ka laulā e ka nui o ka nui o ka pūnana.

Hoʻohana nā ʻōpala, mauʻu, nāhelehele, nā lau, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻīwī no ka waiho ʻana i kahi kahua pālua. ʻO ka pinepine he mau pākuʻi liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hua, nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, nā lālani a me ka willow. ʻO ka laulā o ka hale mai 60 a 65 mm, ka hohonu mai 25 a 48 mm. ʻO ka ʻāpana i loko o nā lako like o ke kumu, akā ua ʻinipiki a hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia pololei. Ua uhi ʻia me nā hulu o ka hulu, ka moss, ka lauoho holoholona, ​​a i ʻole kekahi mea like.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: Inā nalowale ka pīpī, aia paha i kahi hala ka lōʻihi o ka brood. ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua o ka oviposition ka hopena o ʻApelila / hoʻomaka o Mei, ua nānā ʻia ka oviposition hope loa i ka hapa mua o Iulai.

ʻO ka clutch he 3-9, maʻamau 6 a 7 mau hua. O nā hua he oval, he hōkū uliuli-uliuli he ʻoniʻoni ʻoni. Noho ka inkubation i 12 a 14 mau lā a hoʻomaka i ka wā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka hua manu hope. Hiki i ka hua ʻaole ke lawe i kahi keu ma mua o ka lā. Ma hope o nā lā 14, hoʻomaka ka manu ʻōpio e lele. E lele wikiwiki nei nā manu ʻōpio i nā wahi hoʻoilo. Lilo lākou i ka moekolohe ma ka hopena o ka makahiki mua o ke ola.

Māla māla

E makemake ana ka māla redstart i nā māla i nā lāʻau wale ʻia, kahi i loaʻa i nā kīhāpua kahiko, nā māka nui. I ka manawa like, makemake ʻo ia e noho mamao mai nā kānaka. Loaʻa ka redstart māla i nā nahele wili nahele, i nā nahele coniferous, kahi mau lāʻaualalala mau.

ʻO ka redstart māla ke wahi ʻeleʻele nui-hina ke kino, ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele, nā ʻaoʻao, a me ka mua. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke poʻo a me ka waena o ke ahinahina o ka ʻāpana o ka ʻula keʻokeʻo. ʻUmi, ʻaoʻao a me ka huelo ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole like nā kāne, ʻalani ʻia ka wahine o ke poʻo hina, akā he hina ke kua o ka ʻōpū o ke kino. ʻO nā hulu ʻeleʻele o ke kino o lalo aku he mau rimony-yellow rim.

He hīmeni a waiwai hoʻi nā mele a ke mele. I ke mele ʻana i nā mele melodic a me nā mele aloha. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, ʻo ka redstart he mea kupanaha a he mea hoʻowahāwahā ʻia, no laila ua unuhi pinepine ʻia nā mele a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻOihana kikowaena

ʻO Redstart-coot - kahi manu liʻiliʻi ʻīwī ma nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe. He mau manu ʻoi loa kēia, no laila lele lākou i kēlā lā i kēia wahi a kahi i kipa, e hoʻopuni ana i kā lākou hiʻu.

ʻOkoʻa ka mele ʻana i ka redstart mai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke mele he mele puʻupuʻu pōkole ʻoi, kahi hoʻomaka me kahi kani i hala a hoʻopau i nā pahu e ʻokoʻa loa.

He aha hoihoi a kū ʻole i kēia manu

• Ke ʻike nei i loko o ka aniani i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o kona kino, hiki i ka redstart ke holo iā ia me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana,
• Makemake nā wahine e hopu i nā pepeke ma luna o ka honua, aʻo ke kāne e hopu i nā pepeke i ka lele,
• Hiki i ka Redstart ke hana i nā ʻohana manu ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, nā cuckoos liʻiliʻi) a me kā lākou iho: e hānai iā lākou, aʻo iā lākou e ʻai a lele.

ʻO Redstart kekahi o nā manu hoihoi hoihoi a ʻike ʻia; ʻaʻole hiki ke pupule ʻia kona kala me ka kala o nā manu ʻē aʻe.

ʻStlelo Rediber

Loaʻa ka Siberian Redstart ma nā wao nahele nani, nā lāʻau, nā māla, a me kekahi mau kauhale ma ka hema o Siberia, Amur Region a me Prygorye. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻuʻuku i nā poho, nā pōhaku ʻokiʻoki, kahi pūpuna o nā pōhaku a ma lalo hoʻi o ka hale o nā hale.

I kahi kāne Siberian Redstart, he poʻo hina ke poʻo o ka poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī i ka pali, a pōkole nā ​​ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, ke ʻula, nā kua a me nā ʻēheu, akā he wahi keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā ʻēheu. ʻAno ulaula ka ʻōpū a me ke kāʻei. He like ka wahine me ka wahine o kahi redstart maʻamau. ʻUlaʻula kona ʻano, akā ʻo ka ʻili, e like me ke kāne, ʻulaʻula. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā eheu.

Redstart Kaukaʻewa

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Redstart Redstart me Siberian Redstart, akā ʻoi aku ka nui a me ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo. Aia ka hona i kahi ʻulaʻula red-red hue, akā he ʻulaʻulaʻula a he wahi keʻokeʻo ka wahine ma nā ʻēheu.

Noho nō ia ma nā kuahiwi o ka Central Caucasus a me Southern Siberia, akā hibernates ia i nā kuahiwi haʻahaʻa - ma nā mākeke o nā kai buckthorn a i nā wao wai.

Kālā

ʻO Redstart kahi ʻano manu manu ʻEulopa, no laila ʻokoʻa loa kāna noho. Loaʻa ma ʻEulopa, ʻo ka hapa nui loa o Western a me Central Siberia a me Asia Komohana. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou makemake i ka noho ma nā ulu lāʻau paila. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahi hiʻu nui loa e mau ana i nā kihi lāʻau, nā puʻu o nā kumu, nā puʻu kahiko, nā māla a me nā paka. Eia kekahi, makemake ka redstart e hoʻopaʻa i ka pā ʻana i nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ai nā nests. Noho ka ʻuʻuku ma nā puʻu, ma nā lālā lāʻau o nā lāʻau, i nā lāʻau ākea a me nā ʻōpala kahiko.

Nā Lāʻau

Noho nā wīwī i nā wahi paʻa a hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. I ka manawa like, kūkulu ʻia nā ʻuʻuku i ke ʻano luhi a loaʻa i ke kīʻaha kīʻaha. E hana i kahi redstart, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau maloʻo he nui o nā mea kanu, nā ʻano lāʻau lāʻau me ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā lau, nā pulu a me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻōpala i loko o ka pūnana, ka mea i ka huluhulu, nā hulu a me nā ʻāpana lau. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā pā like ʻole: ka lōʻihi - 110 mm, kiʻekiʻe - 90 mm, ka ʻāpana he ala ma ka awelika 90 mm, hohonu hohonu 40-70 mm.

Eia kekahi, ma ka ulu lāʻau pinepine nā hale kūikawā no ka redstart i hana ʻia e nā lima kanaka. Akā, ʻo ka hale e hana ʻia i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a kūpono wale no nā ʻano manu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa i nalowale - he papa a i hoʻokaʻa paha, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka ʻāpana o 2-2.5 cm. I ka manawa like, pono e hoʻolālā ʻia ka papa ma waho o ka hale.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hale e hana i ka nui loa:

• kiʻekiʻe - 20-25 cm
• lalo - 12 a 12
• o ka ʻāpana waena he 15-20 sq.cm
• ʻāpana lapiki - 3-4 cm
• ka mamao mai lalo haʻahaʻa o ka notch a i lalo - 10-12 cm
• mai ka piko o kahi kakaho i ka ea - 4-5 cm

He mea kūpono hoʻi no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana, ʻaʻole i pili ka redstart i nā hale rhombic, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kau iā lākou i kahi kihi. Eia kekahi, i ke kauwela ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka hale a i hema paha, ʻo ka mea nui ʻaʻole e hālāwai me ka makani.

Mālama ʻia ʻo Redstart ma ka home. Noho maikaʻi lākou i nā pūlapa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i koi ʻia e mālama i kekahi mau redstarted i loko o ka hale hoʻokahi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, no ka mea hakakā nō, ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka hoa paio.