No ka Pecilia ke kauoha a nā iʻa e pili ana i nā iʻa. Ma ke kai kūlohelohe, koho ʻo kēia kaona wai i ka wai wai i loko o ka wai kai a me nā palupalu maʻa mau.
ʻO ka wahi hānau o nā ʻano ʻano, ʻo ia nā muliwai hema o Mekiko a me ʻAmelika.
He mau kino ikaika ka paila maoli o Pecilia, maʻa mau ʻole he 6 cm ka lōʻihi, me kahi kala ʻulaʻula-hina. ʻO kā lākou ʻano me ka rhomboid me nā maka nui a kau i nā lehelehe.
Ma nā nohona kūlohelohe, ʻo Pecilia ka mea pinepine ma ka nui o ka nui o nā mea noho; He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā wahine i ka lōʻihi o 7 cm mau kāne, nā kāne - ma kahi o 5 cm. ʻO nā hua liʻiliʻi ʻehā - e like me 3 cm, ka nui - 10-12 cm.
ʻO kekahi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi o Pecilia:
I kēia lā, aia ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻano like manuahi; e hoʻomau mau nei ka hana puaʻa.
Nā ʻano o Aquarium Pecilia
Aea nā ʻano aquarium o Pecilia ʻokoʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu wale nō, akā ma ka ʻano like ʻole o ke kino kino a me nā ʻōpū.
Hiki iā lākou ke helu ʻia:
- Multicolor - mau kala ʻoe a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana i ʻohi ʻia i ke kala.
- He ʻeleʻele ʻano ʻeleʻele me ʻeleʻele.
- Pāka - Hoʻohui i nā nui o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hoʻohālikelike ka ʻano:
- ʻōpio
- me ka helehelena kumu mua,
- ʻōpili - i ke kino me he mea lā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao.
He mea hikiʻole ke papa inoa i nā puaʻa a pau, akā ʻo ka mea lohi loa a kaulana loa o lākou ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi.
Nā pāpō
He ʻano manu kona ʻano o kēia ʻano, no laila he ʻano ʻano like ʻole ia me ka baluna nā pua. ʻO kēia ka pua kulana maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻomaka i kahi pākuʻi pūpū me ia.
Nui loa nā kānaka - a hiki i 12 cm lōʻihi a 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waihona dorsal. Hiki i ka kala o nā unahi ke ʻokoʻa loa.
Nā ʻalani
He ʻano paʻakikī o Pecilia kēia, ke ʻano hiʻona ʻo ia me kahi ʻano maʻamau o ke kao ʻeleʻele me kahi kikoʻī lōʻihi ma ke kikowaena. Hiki i nāʻokoʻa kala like ʻokoʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā aniani ʻulaʻula.
Nā Palapala
ʻO Berlin Pecilia (a hiki i 12 cm) me nā unahi o nā aniani a ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻāpana ʻala o ka plumage. Mea ʻole, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana me nā pahi i kā lākou ʻano hou. Ke hoʻomau nei ka laka o nā kala i ka meaʻai, pono ke meaʻai kai i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kahi ʻano kaulana loa.
Kāki
ʻO nā mahele liʻiliʻi, i hānau ʻia ka maʻamau maoli, akā me ka ulu ʻana o ka wā kahiko, kuʻi ka kuʻi, ma muli o ke kino e loaʻa ai ke kino i ʻoki ʻia, pinepine me ka ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā insides. ʻAʻole pono e mālama akahele, paʻakikī i ka hoʻoulu. ʻĀnō ke kala a ʻulaʻula paha ka kala.
Eleʻele
ʻO ka noho o nā mea aku aku ka nui aku (a 10 cm). ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o nā unahi keona i kahi uliuli, hina, hina o ka poni. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua-leo me kahi kukui, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha. Pala a palona paha a lemi paha me ka ʻōlelo makuahine o ka ʻoa.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou e loaʻa i nā mea hou hou, ʻoiai lākou i hoʻoulu maikaʻi ai me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Polū
ʻO ka inoa ʻelua o kēia mau ʻano loea he taxedo. He ʻano ʻulaʻula maikai ko lākou, me ka uliuli uliuli uliuli i hoʻihoʻi ʻia a me kahi māmā māmā a me ka ʻōpū-māmā. Ua kū maikaʻi lākou ma waena o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e kiʻi ana i kahi ʻano waihoʻoluʻu.
Kohu ʻia
Hiki i nā Pyatopecilia a i ʻole variatus o nā hoʻohui hoʻohui ʻano, ʻokoʻa nō he kanakolu o lākou. Me kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi (a hiki i ka 6 cm) ʻoi aku ka mea maikaʻi ke hoʻopihapiha i nā ʻikena āpau - nā ʻano ʻoniʻoni like maikaʻi ke ʻano.
Hoʻokele Micro
ʻO ka Pecilia o Branner ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui loa - a hiki wale i ka 3 cm lōʻihi. Aia ma kahi o 8 mau kānaka ma kahi o ka loko; e ʻaʻa mau ana lākou i kahi hipa māmā. Hoʻopuka i kahi hoʻopilikia a make a make. ʻOkoʻa nā kala ʻokoʻa.
Neon
ʻO ke kala o ka iʻa a ka ʻulaʻula-uliʻu, i ka wā i kau aku ai nā kukui kukui i ke kino, e ʻā ana nā pale a ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kukui a pau o ka ua. ʻEleʻele ka polū. He mau kula liʻiliʻi kēia o nā hipa i mālama ʻia e kekahi kolepa o 8 mau kanaka.
Hōhonu
A kapa ʻia kēia ʻano like me ka chintz pecilia, ke koi ʻia i nā aquarists, a he mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa, he ʻano haʻalulā. ʻO ka mua o ke kino ma nāʻaoʻao lemon, ke kua - kūʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻO ka plumage like me ka ulana papa. Hoʻolaha a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia paha nā wahi e hoʻohui ai ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kala i nā kala.
Kiʻi ʻo Mickey
ʻO nā iʻa kula liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me kahi hōʻike maʻamau ʻole o ka muzzle, hoʻomanaʻo i ka kiʻumau puʻupuʻu. Ma ka kumu o ka pau caudal, aia ʻekolu mauʻano nui o nā ʻalala. ʻOkoʻa ka kala kala a ʻulaʻula paha, ka plumage like ʻole.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala Pecilia
Pecilia pinepine ʻo Pecilia me nā mollies a me nā mea pahikaua, hiki ke kapa ʻia i hoʻokahi o nā ʻano hua like ʻole. ʻO kēia mau iʻa he ʻohana kalpipi-niho.
Ua lawe ʻia mai lākou i Europa mai Guatemala a me Mexico hoʻi i ka makahiki mua o ke kenekulia 20.
ʻO ka wehewehe mua o nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe ma ka Hema i hōʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1886, ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1904, o ka pecilia kaila, a me nā motley i ka makahiki 1932.
ʻO nā ʻano āpau āpau, koe wale nō i ka pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua aʻo ʻia i kēia manawa, a nui ka poʻe i hele i waena o lākou iho.
ʻO ka pecilia i kēia lā ke kumu e makemake nui ai i waena o nā mea aquarist, e pono ai e alakaʻi i ka helehelena o nā mea hoʻoulu manu hou.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mr. Tail: nā hiʻohiʻona o ka haleaku aku
Pecilia aloha ʻia e nā aquarists hoʻomaka a me nā poʻe loea ma muli o kona ʻano kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole ala nā Quarrels a hiki i loko o kahi loko kūlohelohe, kahi i loaʻa ai i hoʻokahi kāne ke kāne.
Loaʻa nā kūlana kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i kēia iʻa.
- Pono ka nui o ka aquarium i kahi hohonu hohonu me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. 2 lawa ka wai o ka wai no kēlā me kēia kanaka, akā e maikaʻi ka hipa i ka liʻiliʻi ma ka loko wai 60-liter.
- Makemake ʻo Pecilia e hūnā ma nā mea kanu aku, no laila e kanu ʻia nā mea kanu aku me ka cryptocoryne, echinodorus, elodea, a me ka hornwort. Ma luna o ka ʻili e kūpono i ka holo riccia. Pono ia e waiho i ka mua, a laila he nani nā ʻohana hipa o nā iʻa ʻono.
- I mea e pale ai i nā maʻi o nā peculiarities, pono ia e hoʻohui iki i ka paʻakai i ka wai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻaʻole kēia e hoʻopōʻino i nā mea kanu a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ke kō.
- E noʻonoʻo e hoʻolako no ka filtration (hiki i ka) ke ʻano a me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana i ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu. Pono ka hapahā o ka nui i ka wai hou i kēlā me kēia lā.
- ʻO ka mea hoʻopihapihaʻeleʻele o ka lalo e nānā maikaʻi i loko o ka hale aku me ka pecilia, a na ka ʻōpala ke hāʻawi i ka wai i ka paʻakikī o ka pono 10-30 dH. Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā pahu marmer a me kahi hopena o ka magnesia. Me ka haʻalulu kiʻekiʻe, hoʻomaka ka iʻa i ka maʻi.
- ʻO ka mahana māla momona ka wai +22 ... + 26 ° C, ka waikawa i ka 7-8 pH.
- E aho ia e pani i ka aku me ka uhi, ʻoiai e lele nui ana nā malihini.
Kūlike
Mālama pū ʻia kēia mau iʻa aquarium me nā kamaʻāina o ka honua i lalo o ke ʻano wai no ko lākou ʻano maluhia. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hui pū me lākou i nā mea kahalaha a me nā ʻano ʻano keu (cichlids, goldfish), no laila ʻo Pecilia ka mea maʻalahi e pio ai.
ʻOi aku ka mea maikaʻi e hoʻopili i ka iʻa like ʻole ola - guppies, swordsmen, gourami.
E like me nā kūlana o ka paʻa, nā kāne, nā angelfish, neons, irises, barbs, zebrafish, corridas, tetras e lilo i poʻe hoalauna maikaʻi.
Hānai
ʻO nā ʻano maoli o Pecilia ke ʻano nui; ʻai lākou i nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu aku, ka algae a me nā hua pepeke.
Me ka mālamaʻana i ka aquarium, pono lākou e kaumaha:
- Meaʻai ola - kahe koko, corter, daphnia moin, aufoloforus, tubule. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā pecilia me nā kala kukui.
- Nā mea kanu meaʻai - zucchini, kukama, dandelion, huamata ʻaʻala, kōkī. Pono e holoi maikaʻi ʻia nā lau a me nā mauʻu i ʻono maikaʻi.
- Nā meaʻai lau maloʻo - spirulina a me nā granule kūikawā, nā papa.
ʻElua hānai ʻia ʻo Pecilia i ka lā. ʻO ka nui o ka hānai e like me ma hope o 5 mau minuke ʻaʻole ia e waiho ma ka wai. Inā loaʻa nā keu, pono e lawe ʻia.
ʻO kekahi manawa, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻāʻī mauʻu a hoʻōla i ka semolina ma kahi liʻiliʻi.
Manaʻo ia ʻo ka hapanui o ka meaʻai i mālama holoholona.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻopili maʻalahi ka Pecilia i loko o ka loko i kahi kīʻaha maʻamau a me kahi hortikultura. Akā inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e loaʻa i kāu hua piha, a laila ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka hope.
Loaʻa i ka makana i kēia ʻano he 8-12 mau mahina.
Ua hoʻākāka ʻia nā ʻokoʻa maikaʻi - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine a loaʻa kahi organ gonopodia kūikawā, kahi pānaʻi hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻano like me kahi kaila liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano. ʻOkoʻi ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o kā lākou mau unahi i ka wā o ka moekolohe.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka kala i ʻōlelo ʻia. I ka wā hapai, hoʻonui ka ʻōpū i ka nui, a me ka hiʻona o nā wahi ʻeleʻele e kokoke mai i ka anal anal - he mea i loko o nā iʻa a pau o nā viviparous, no laila ua hoʻokumu mua ʻia nā maka a pau i loko o ka pīpī a hoʻomoʻa lākou i nā kiko lahilahi o ka peritoneum. I ka hānau mua, ma kahi o 20 mau kūmole hānau, ma hope aʻe - a 50.
Ma kahi papa spawning, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi pahu laka ʻekolu a i ʻole aquarium liʻiliʻi, kanu ʻia ia me nā mea kanu a puaʻa. I ka wā e hōʻike ai ka wahine i nā hōʻailona o ka hapai, pono e haʻalele ʻia. Ma hope o 1.5-2 mau mahina, e hānau ʻia ke kō.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka makuahine, ua kūʻokoʻa nā kūleʻa mai nā hola mua o ke ola. I ka wā mua, hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka ʻala hua manu i hui ʻia me ka Artemia nauplii, cereal maloʻo, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai.
I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka meaʻai ola, ke ulu wikiwiki loa.
E like me nā viviparous āpau, mai 1.5-2 mau mahina o ke ola, ʻōpiopio pinepine ʻia nā keiki e ka moekolohe a me ka sedimented.
Nā maʻi ʻohi a me ke pale ʻana
Hiki i ka iʻa akuarium nā maʻi maʻi, pinepine pinepine nā alaʻala ma muli o ka palaki ʻana o nā kūlana paʻa - ʻo ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻai, ka hypothermia, ke kaumaha.
Hoʻopiʻi ka Pecilia i nā ʻano nui o nā maʻi aku aku. Akā aia nā pilikia ʻike i ka maʻi me ka ichthyophthyroidism. ʻO ka mea kumu kumu ka mea i kūlike me ka infusoria ciliary, kahi e komo ai i ka kaila wai me ka hānai maikaʻi.
Hoʻomaka ka iʻa i hoʻopili ʻia i lalo a kau i ka lepo. Hoʻopau nā ipala, i ʻaelike ʻia, ke ʻano keʻokeʻo i ʻike ʻia ma luna o lākou.
Pono nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e kanu a mālama ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻonā paʻakai ʻoluʻolu, Bicillin-5, kōkua maikaʻi ʻo Rivanol.
He mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa e holoi i ka aquarium, siphon a hoʻolapalapa i ka lepo, hoʻololi i ka wai, hoʻohui i ka paʻakai (ma ka pae o ʻole o ka 10 g a 1 lita).
ʻO ka hānai i kahi meaʻai piha piha ke kōkua ka iʻa i ka iʻa e hoʻi hou i ko lākou ʻano nalowale a hoʻihoʻi i ko lākou ala hou.
ʻO ka iʻa Pecilia - heʻokoʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonaninani
ʻIke i nā mea aloha akuʻaima ʻili iʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Kahi ʻia nā mea kaulana i nā ʻano ʻenemi i loaʻa i nā aniani, unpretentiousness i loko o ka ʻike a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻoulu.
Nui nā koho kala e loaʻa i kēlā me kēia poʻe ka poʻe noho o ka hale i loko o nā mea i makemake ʻia. Hele mai ka kaulana iʻa i ka iʻa i ke kenekulia 20 a ʻaʻole haʻalele a hiki i kēia manawa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona o Pecilia
Ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā iʻa wai wai ma waena o nā mea nui o ka aquarium i hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻāpana kino pilikino. ʻO ka nui o nā kānaka mai ka 4 a 7 cm, e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine o nā ʻano ʻo Pecilia ma mua o nā kāne e pili ana i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa. Ma ke poʻo o ka iʻa e loaʻa ai nā maka heʻe, kahi waha hāpai.
ʻO Taurus me nā hāme pālua, hoʻopuni iki ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā kāne nā lōloli, ke hiʻohiʻona ʻia e ka gonopodia liʻiliʻi a ʻae ʻia, kahi ʻano o ka pulu anal e like me ka ʻili kelepona.
I nā wahine, ākea ka nui o ka anal fin, a ua piha ka nui o nā kino, me ka ʻōpū i ʻike nui ʻia, mae nā ʻōpū. Hōʻike mau ka nani o nā kala i nā kāne. He nui ka nui o ka moni caudal, ʻano kālai.
Ma ke kaona kūlohelohe, noho ka iʻa ma nā kōwaiwai o ʻAmelika Hema a me Central. Nui ka poʻe noho o nā kaona me nā mea ulu i ka mahiʻai iʻa. ʻAʻole i hele mua nā holoholona hihiu.
E kūʻai i ka pecilia iʻa hiki ke lilo i mea nui a me nā mea hoʻonaʻauao iʻike i mea e hoʻopiha hou ai i ka kaiāulu ma muli o ke kū ʻole kipi a me ka helehelena ʻōpiopio. Uliquitous kuai i ka hoʻolaha ana o nā manamana pecilia.
Pili ka manaʻolana i ka mālama pono a me ka noho. I ka pio, noho nā iʻa mai 3 a 5 mau makahiki, inā hiki iā lākou ke pale aku i nā maʻi a me nā hoalauna kūʻē.
ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi a me ke kūlohelohe kūpono e pili pono ana i ka ʻike o Pecilia ma ka hale kikowaena ākea. ʻO ka hemahema a me ka hoʻoulu maʻalahi e hoʻolako i ka iʻa no ka poʻe ʻōpio. Inā kūʻai 'oe i nā kānaka olakino, a laila e hoʻololi i ke' ano like a me ka mālama iki liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka nui o kahi aquarium o 35 lita ka liʻiliʻi loa no ka home nā kiko o nā iʻa pecilia. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka hana kiʻekiʻe i nā neʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho i kahi pākali nui. ʻOiai ʻaʻole he poʻe holoholona hipa ka iʻa, makemake lākou e hoʻopili pū ʻia e ko lākou ʻano. Hoʻokahi pūʻulu 4-5 mau mea kūpono no ka hale liʻiliʻi.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo pinepine e ʻano pinepine ka iʻa heterosexual, a ulu nui ka hua. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e loaʻa i hoʻokahi kāne a me ʻekolu wahine. ʻO ke kāne ʻelua i ka ʻakuna, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hoʻomaka ana nā hakakā.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kānana a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopili e kōkua e hoʻokumu i kahi kūlana paʻa i ka aquarium. no nā iʻa ulu. Mālama hana ma ka lawe ʻana aku o ka ʻōpala, ʻoi aku ka ʻai, hoʻopau ʻia.
Hoʻonui ka nui o nā toxins i nā kūlana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hana i kahi hoʻololi maʻamau o ka wai no ka hapahā o ka nui holoʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule. Hāʻawi ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kūlana i ke olakino olakino a ka poʻe noho.
ʻO ka nui o nā iʻa i loko o kahi kīʻaha, ʻoi aku ka manawa e pono ai ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai. Ke koi nei kekahi mau ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea lāleʻa ʻoniʻoni, ma ke ʻano o ke kaiapuni, a inā ʻaʻole he mea pakele nā maʻi iʻa iʻa pecillia.
Ua kūpono ka ʻāina no kekahi, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me nā mea kanu ola. Makemake nui nā kaʻaiʻai i nā ʻauʻau manuahi ma nā wahi ākea ma ka waena a ma luna o ka mea i loko o ke kaola, ʻoiai inā he mau mau mea i nā papa wai āpau. Pono nā mea kanu manawaleʻa no nā pā pono a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka palaoa, inā ʻaʻole nā mākua i haʻalele i ka manawa e ola ai.
E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka microclimate, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka paʻakai pākahi kūikawā ma ka nui o 2-3 tsp no 10 l o ka wai. Pono liʻiliʻi ka paʻakai ʻia ʻana o ka wai hou, inā ʻaʻole no nā mea a pau e manaʻo i kēia mea pono. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻenehana he ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka iʻa viviparous, kahi i loaʻa iā Pecilia. I mea e pale ʻole ai i waho o ka poʻe e noho, pono e pani ke kīwona.
Pono ʻia ka hoʻomālamalama maʻalahi, me ka alo ʻole o ka lā a i ʻole ka mālamakū ikaika. ʻO nā kūlana wela i waena o 20-25C. Inā ma ka lumi i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo, makemake ʻia kahi mea hoʻomehana wai. PH waiwai: 6.7-8.0.
Ma ka holoholona hihiu, hoʻopauʻo Pecilia i nā mea make a me nā algae. ʻO ka meaʻai kūpono o ka iʻa i loko o nā ʻano mea ʻai: spirulina, millet kālua a me ka oatmeal, kālua dandelion i kuke ʻia me ka wai e hoʻolapalapa, ʻōpala o ka zucchini, kukama.
ʻO ka meaʻai ola kekahi i ke kahe koko, daphnia, tubifex, brine shrimp, a me ka coronet. Lawe ʻo Pecilia i ka meaʻai mai ka maka me ka waha o luna. Hoʻololi maikaʻi ka ʻai ʻana i ʻelua mau lā i nā lā liʻiliʻi, kahi e ʻai ai ka iʻa no nā mau minuke 4-6.
Nā kūlana kūikawā no Pnila male iʻa ʻaʻole koi ʻia, koe wale nō no ka mea nui: ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻelele heterosexual. ʻOiʻo Aquarists e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke pohō i kā lākou hānau hua ma mua o ka hoʻomaka.
ʻO ka hiki ʻana o kekahi mau kāne ka mea e hoʻokūkū ai i nā hoʻokūkū no nā wahine; no laila, ke kiko o ka mea nā kāne kāne a ka pecilia a ʻekolu mau wahine. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kahi wahine hāpai i kāna ʻōpū a puni a me ka pouli i ka kokoke o ka anal anal.
Hōʻike nā Fries ma hope o 28 mau lā ma ka nui o nā kiʻi he 30-40.Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua ʻai nā mākua, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana iā lākou i loko o kahi ʻakihi. Hāpai ʻia nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e hānai ʻia me nā mea ʻai kūikawā a i ʻole hua manu. Ma hope o 3 mau mahina, e lilo ka pīkī piha piha i nā kanaka keu.
Nā ʻano o Pecilia
Aia he 33 mau ʻano a me nā ʻano honu he nui. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka iʻa Pecilia ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka leo hoʻokahi, e noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano like ʻāpana a me nā hiʻohiʻona hana o ke kino. Ma ka helu kālā no ka kaulana, he mea maʻamau ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia mau pūʻulu:
1. Aloha Pecilia. Kolo ʻia nā ʻāpana polone i nā mea melemele i mua o ke kino, ʻili poko i hope. Nā wahiʻeleʻele i nā ʻaoʻao, hoʻohui ʻia ma 3-5 mau kāwili. He ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula nā poli, me kahi ʻoki ʻoki ʻē aʻe. ʻEleʻele nā wahine i ka pena. ʻOi aku nā kīleʻa a me nā hina hina me nā hiʻohiʻona zigzag ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
I ke kiʻi, ua ʻā nā mea iʻa
2. Nā iʻa ʻeleʻele Pecilia. ^ E Ha yM. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kala o nā unahi i nā pale aniani a i ʻole paha he mea hoʻākāka. Kōmila manu-uliuli me ke kaula ʻeleʻele ma kona mau ʻaoʻao.
ʻUa Pecilia ʻeleʻele
3. ʻAkē ʻulaʻula ulaula kūkaʻo Berlin Pecilia.
Fish Pecilia
4. Blue Pecilia.
I loko o ke kiʻi manuahi pecilia
5. Uila Pecilia.
I ke kiʻi he pecilia gula
6. Keula Pecilia.
Red pecilia
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa i ke ʻano o ke kino a me nā pua e alakaʻi i ka alala:
- Nā palapala ʻano
- "Radish", me ke ʻano o nā kumu o ka peʻa hope, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi kaula.
ʻO Pecilia Radish
- Palapala - nā umauma o kahi kino eʻai. Pili ʻia ke ʻano o kēia puka i ke kū ʻana i ka iʻa me ka pōkole pōkole. Ke kūlohelohe nei, ʻaʻohe iʻa o kēia mau iʻa.
Ballon Pecilia
Kupaa
ʻO ka ʻāina kahi o Pecilians ʻo ʻAmelika kahi e noho ai lākou ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā muliwai e kahe ana i loko o ka moana Atlantika. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, loaʻa i kēia mau hipa kula mai kahi melemele ke kala i hala. ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia he ʻano hoihoi loa, a ʻo kēia iʻa i nā lā i ka hiohiona o nā hana a nā ʻano pua.
Ulu ka Pecilia i loko o ke kūlohelohe a hiki i 18 cm, a ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka aquarium i 5 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopili ʻia ko lākou kino i ke ʻano e like me ka rhombus me kahi ʻeke ākea ākea. Hoʻohālikelike ke poʻo i ke kino, me nā maka nui. ʻAno ka waha. ʻO nā neʻe o ka iʻa me ka wikiwiki, wikiwiki, ʻaʻole twing.
No ke ola ma ke kūlohelohe, koho nā iʻa i nā wahi me nā mānoanoa pōkole o nā mea kanu aku kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hūnā i nā mea wānana. ʻO ka meaʻai me nā algae a me nā mea inikona, a me nā invertebrates aquaticʻuʻuku ʻaʻole ka ikaika iki.
ʻO kēia mau iʻa i lawe ʻia i ʻEulopa i ka hope loa - i ka makahiki 20 wale nō. Ua lawe mai lākou iā lākou mai Mexico a me Guatemala. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia mau ʻano ma ka makahiki 1886. Ma ka U.S., ua lilo koke ka poʻe i makemake i ka poʻe puaʻa, ma o kā lākou mau hana, hiki ke kiʻi i nā kamaʻāina kūmaha no nā loko wai i ʻulaʻula a i ka uliuli, he mau mea ikaika a he mau mea hoʻomohala wale nō i nā mea hewa he nui no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. Pōmaikaʻi ʻo Pecilia a hiki iā ia ke lau me ka nui o nā mea iʻa ʻē aʻe.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "Pecilian breeding ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka" he maʻamau i waena o nā aquarist. Hāʻawi kēia inā inā he kāne a he wahine i loko o ka mea kanu (ka waiwai o ka 1: 3 ua lawa), e hoʻomaka ʻia kēia kaʻina hana me ia iho, me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana o kekahi kanaka. Ināʻoi aku ʻekolu mau wahine i kēlā me kēia kāne, e hoʻomaka nā keikikāne e hoʻokūkū a kāpae ʻia i kā lākou pahuhopu. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai kēlā me kēia - ʻo nā anal anal o nā kāne he tubular i like. Kāhea kēlā hiki i nā wahine ke hoʻololi i ka wahine (ʻoiai ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana).
Hānau ʻia ʻo Pecilia e kō, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia mai nā minuke mua loa o ke ola. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka ʻōpū ma kahi wahi pōkole ma hope o ka pale hope a me ka ʻōpū. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka palaoa i ka ʻōpū ma kahi o 28 mau lā, ma ka manawa mai 25 a 45 mau kānaka (a i kekahi manawa a hiki i 80).
Pono ʻoe e ʻike ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, nui nā wahine i ʻai i ka palaoa. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻokomo koke i nā hua i kahi pahu kaʻawale. Ke ulu a lākou i kēia, a i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā kānaka ikaika loa, hoʻohemo ʻia ke koena. Nui nui ka pīpī, no laila kahi meaʻai maloʻo kūikawā, iʻa ʻoki ʻia i kūpono kūpono no lākou. Ua lilo ʻo Pecilia i nā pākeke 3-4 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Pehea e pale ai i nā maʻi
Noho ʻo Pecilia ma kahi he 4 mau makahiki. Inā ʻoe e hahai pono i nā lula i ka mālama ʻana iā lākou, ʻaʻole pilikia. Akā iʻa ka iʻa e noho ana ma ka wai anu anu a me nā lālani pākana i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau o Pecilia:
- Fin rot. ʻAʻole pili ka maʻi ʻōnaehana o ka maʻi ʻōnaehana maʻi wale nō, akā ʻo nā ʻāpana kū i loko, ʻo ka uhi holoʻokoʻa o ka iʻa. Nā hōʻailona: hemorrhage, necrosis, mauʻu hina. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōpū, hāpau ka ʻike. I mea e pale ai i kahi maʻi i kūpono ʻole, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka microflora o ka akeku, ʻike pono i nā kūlana maʻi maʻemaʻe,
- Plung Fungal ma ke kino. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau he mau hana ʻino hoʻi i ka ʻili o ka iʻa. Hoʻā ʻia ka maʻi inā hele mai kahi hoʻouka i hoʻokahi manawa i kekahi mau ʻano o nā puʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia maʻi e ka ʻike ʻana i ka pākīpū keʻokeʻo ma ke kino o ka iʻa akuarium, ka pecilia, e like me ka hulu hipa. Ma ka liʻiliʻi iki, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hoʻomaka, a hoʻomaka wale ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka pale like - ka mālama pono ʻana o ka mākona.
- Nā maʻi ākea (e.g. colds).
ʻAʻole wale kahi mea leʻaleʻa o nā hale hoʻonaʻau o nā malihini mai Mekiko mai, e hauʻoli lākou i ka mea nānā a me nā mea hoʻomanawanui me kā lākou hana a me ka pāʻani.
Nā rula hui
ʻOiai ʻo ka iʻa ʻia e ʻike ʻia nā kānaka i loko o ka mea hoʻonaʻauao hoʻokaʻawale, pono lākou e hana i nā kūlana ola. Pono nā poʻo i ka wai maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa i ka ammonia a me ka nitrite. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e mālama i kahi ʻōnaehana filtration maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻoiho ʻia i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka wai i ʻole e hoʻomehana i lalo o ka pae i koi ʻia. Pono ke hele ʻana o kahi mea hoʻonaninani no kahi maʻi, me ka nui o nā mea kanu, ʻaʻohe lako o nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole e ʻoluʻolu ka iʻa, a e hōʻemi ʻia kā lākou ola.
Ka wai wai (ma ka lulu no 1 mau kiko) | Haumaha (° C) | Acidity (pH) | Keʻākoakoa (dGH) |
24-27 | 8-25 | 7,5-8 | 2 |
Hana ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hale pule i hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, ke hoʻohuli nei i ka ⅓ o ka nui o ka wai. No ka hana hou, e hoʻohana wale i ka wai hou ma hope o ka manawa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻomehana ʻia i ke ʻano makemake. Inā pono, e pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā helu me ka poʻe i loaʻa ka wai i loko o ka hale aku, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōhumu kūikawā i kūʻai ʻia i nā hale kūʻai holoholona.
Poa ʻo Pecilia ikaika, a no laila e koho lākou i ka aquarium i endrika ʻakiʻuku, ka hohonu a hohonu paha paha, i hiki ʻole i nā holoholona ke neʻe iki mai luna a i lalo. Pono ʻia kāna kālā mai ka 100 l, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he pilikia ke mālama i ka iʻa i loko o ka ʻohana no ka nele ʻole o ka nui. Inā makemake ʻoe e loaʻa ʻole ma mua o 5 pecilia, hiki iā ʻoe ke kāpae iā ʻoe iho i kahi mālamalama he 50 lita, e hoʻohui ana i ka hui o pecilia me ka peke a me nā hoa aloha aloha ʻē aʻe e noho ana i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke aloha kūlohelohe no ka nui o nā mea kanu e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke peʻe, pono i nā ʻōpala ʻāina nui o ka māhu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i nā mea kanu maoli me nā lau nui. Hiki i nā greens waiwai i loko o kahi hale home, akā inā wale nō ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma ka papa o ka wai, maikaʻi ia e waiho i nā ros rosia rosettes e kahe ana, e hoʻomālamalama i ke koola ma ka aquarium maoli, i pālahalaha ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia ka mua ma ka wahi no ka lawaiʻa ikaika.
ʻO ka lepo, e like me ka mea i hope, ua kūpono e koho i kahi papaʻeleʻele. No laila hiki ke nānā aku ka pecilia me ka nānā i hiki ke nānā ʻia a ʻo nā aniani ka ʻōlamalama. Inā palupalu ka wai, a laila hiki ke kau i ke one ma ka lalo, e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī.
Aia kekahi uhi no ka mea kau iʻa, no ka mea, he ʻoihana ʻo Pecilia kahi i make i hiki ke make me ka pehu ʻole mai ka wai. Inā paʻa ʻole ka mākona i kahi uhi, a laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana o ke aniani, e hoʻopili ʻia ma luna.
Maʻi maʻi
Kūʻē ʻia nā maʻi ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana o ka iʻa i ka aku, i ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻia ʻana me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono o ka wai, aia nō hoʻi nā mea hānai pono ʻole. Hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻo Pecilia i nā maʻi like ʻole. Eia naʻe, hiki i kā lākou maʻi me ka ichthyophthyroidism a me nā pathological pathological hiki. Hiki i nā Parasites ke komo i ka aquarium me ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai maikaʻi, a me ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka iʻa hou ma mua o ka hale kai me ka nui.
Lele
Ka puka hoʻohālikelike, he kino i hoʻololi ʻia me ka ʻāʻī a me ke ʻīlī i hoʻonui ʻia. I waho, e like ka iʻa me ka Pecilia maʻamau me ke kino pōkole a puhipū nui. Hiki i nā mea ola ke hōʻike i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka hana hou ma muli o ka curvature o ka pōkole a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā kino o loko.
Eleʻele
He ʻeleʻele ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka iʻa maʻamau, akā he ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele a ʻele paha nā pua. E loaʻa paha i kekahi mau pōpoki me kahi palena ʻāpana a me kahi welina peʻa o ka muzzle, he mea maʻalahi ke ʻano a he nani.
Ke koho ʻana i kahi pesilia o kēlā me kēia ʻano, pono nā mea e nānā pono i kona helehelena a me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi a me nā hōʻeha.
Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o Pecilia a me Molliesia
He helehelena like ʻole nā subspecies a Pecilia a me Molly. No laila, he mau ʻāpana a ʻoi aku ka nani o ka mollies, a ʻoi aku lākou i kahi mamao loa mai ka anus a i ka caudal fin. ʻAʻole like ka nui o nā kala koho i ka nui ma Pecilia - maʻa mau ke kūʻai aku a ʻeleʻele a me ke gula gula, a ma nā hihia keokeo, keʻokeʻo.
Hoʻōmole ʻo Pecilia a ʻaʻole hoʻonohonoho i nā hakakā me nā hoa noho. Hiki nō hoʻi ke noʻonoʻo iā ia he kahua alawai. He ʻano like ʻole ko lākou mau maka - i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mollie.
Ke hoʻomaka nei i kahi hāpona, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho maluhia i kekahi mau pecilia e like me kāu mau holoholona mua. Hoʻohālike lākou e ka olakino maikaʻi, hoʻomanawanui a hiki i kekahi mau kūʻokoʻa mai nā kūlana kūpono o ka paʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopuka hou aku, hiki iā lākou ke noho ma loko o ka home wai mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna, a ʻo ka maluhia o kēia iʻa ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohui i nā hoalauna maikaʻi a me kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe iā lākou.