ʻO ka ʻōwili palupalu - kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻohana spindle. Ua like ʻo ia me kahi nahesa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole like me kona mau hoahānau, ʻaʻohe ona ʻaʻohe. Hoʻohā pinepine loa kēia ʻano like ʻole i kēia līlino ʻinoʻino: e hilahila nā kānaka me ka nahesa a hoʻāʻo e luku.

Kālā

Kahi ʻia ka ʻōlulu palupalu i ka waena a me ke kūkulu hema o ʻEulopa, ka Caucasus, a me Iran ʻākau. Ke ʻāina o ka Soviet Union mua, aia i ka nahele ma Baltic, Belarus, Ukraine a me Moldova i ke awāwa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka muliwai Tobol (Western Siberia). Eia kekahi, ola ia i nā ululāʻau o Transcaucasia a i nā ʻāina o ka North Caucasus.

I kekahi mau wahi, ua manaʻo ʻia ka pua ʻāwili i hoʻopau ʻia i nā holoholona hihiu. ʻO nā puke ʻula o Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, ke Komi Republic, Kostroma, Vologda, Moscow, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk, Tver, Chelyabinsk a me Tyumen i nā makahiki i hala ua hoʻonui hou ʻia me kēia ʻano.

E makemake ke kanaka i ka nahele a me nā kīhāpai. Ma Caucasus, noho ma ka mauna kuahiwi, ma nā pali i ulu nui ʻia me nā lāʻau lāʻau. Lā ʻo ka līlī i ka ʻūhā ululāʻau o lalo, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, nā lāʻau i hina, i nā ʻōpala i nā ʻōpala, i loko o ka wai o nā holoholona luwale, i ka lāʻau make.

Ua palupalu ka ʻili. Lāheʻe ʻAlake Kau ʻole

ʻO kahi kīnā liʻiliʻi, e like me ka nahesa, ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Karl Linney. Ua hōʻike ka inoa o ka spintle i ke ʻano o ke kino e like me kahi kuʻu, a ʻo ka hiki i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka huelo ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻano fragility. Ma waena o nā reptile, nā poʻe noho o nā terrariums, ʻike pinepine ʻia ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe mai ka wā kahiko no kona helehelena nani a me ka hiʻohiʻona complaisant.

Kāleka

ʻO ke kino o kaʻu spindle i uhi ʻia e nā unahi maʻemaʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā laina lōʻihi. Hoʻowalewale ke kino o ke kino i nā kākala a hina paha, i hoʻolei ʻia me ke keleawe. ʻO kēia ka mea nui i hāʻawi i ka inoa o ka inoa o ka inoa, i ʻoi aku ia i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina - copperpick. I kekahi manawa he mea hoʻopunipuni kēia mau manaʻo a pane mai ka nīnau: "ʻO ka palupalu ka lipi a i ʻole anei?" ʻAʻole, he mea make maikaʻi loa kēia e hōʻino ʻole ai i kekahi.

Māmā ka ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻōpū o ka spindle i māmā. Ma ke kua o nā ʻelemakule kāne, ʻelua mau lā o ka ʻūhū, i nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā wahi ʻulaʻula. Hoʻonui loa lākou i ka hope o ke kua.

ʻOkoʻa nā kala liʻiliʻi ʻōpio. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi kala kala-keʻokeʻo a i ʻole he kāʻei gula, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā kāʻei lime kikoʻī, a hiki i ka hoʻokahi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kino ʻōpū i nā leo kūlike: ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi me kahi lei nani. Ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻike maopopo ke palena o ia mau pua. ʻO ka mea mahalo, ua like ʻole ka poʻe ʻōpio i ko lākou mau mākua pālua a ma ke kenekulia 19 ua lawe ʻia lākou no kahi ʻano kaʻawale.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ka tinsel inoa inoa kānaka, ma muli o kona kala keleawe, ua lawe mai i nā hoʻokolohua he nui i ke ola o ka līlī liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hilahila me nā ʻōpua, kahi nahesa e like me ka nahesa, ua hoʻohui ʻia i ka pilikia i ka wā e hālāwai ai kekahi kanaka. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ia he mea na ka mea noiʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi līlū āpau mai kahi kaula nahele. Akā ka mea lapuwale e nānā i ka helehelena a me ke ʻano o ka reptile e like me ka hoʻoweliweli.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka reptile ma waena o 30-45 cm, kahi o 2/3 ʻo ia ka huelo. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne i loko o kahi kiʻi brown i kahi brown i hoʻi i ka 2 mau lālani. ʻO ke kapa wahine ʻoiʻoi aku ka lei pale keleawe, ʻoiʻu ka pōkole.

He ʻuʻu, he maiʻa, ʻaʻole nahesa

ʻO ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻaoʻao hiki ke māmā a hoʻohālikelike paha i kahi kinipona i ʻeleʻele. I nā poʻe'ōpiopio, ʻokoʻa ka mea a pau. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi kaila i hoʻihoʻi ʻia, i kekahi manawa me ke kala keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā kāʻei. Heʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻōpio i nā mea pākeke i nā kenekulia 19 i hāʻawi ʻia lākou i kekahi ʻano ʻano like.

ʻOkoʻa ʻē ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i nā kala mai nā ʻōpio makua

Ma waena o nā mea kīwaha ʻole o ka lepahe, ua loaʻa nā albinos piha. He mea maʻalahi lākou e ʻike e ko lākou nāhelehele ʻulaʻula a me nā maka ʻulaʻula. Hola ka hoʻokūkū ʻo Rare i ke ola wale nō ka honi i kahi nohona huna. Aia kekahi kanaka-melanists, ʻeleʻele loa.

ʻEleʻeleʻele o ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele hoʻi i kapa ʻia nā melanist

He kūpono hoihoi ko ka spindle. He mea paʻakikī loa ia e hoʻoholo i ka palena ma waena o ke kino a me ka huelo. ʻAʻohe sternum, ʻaʻohe wāwae. ʻO ka vertebra ku ʻai, nā iwi liʻiliʻi, a me nā wāwae wāwae e hōʻike wale ʻia ana e nā iwi liʻiliʻi. He pōkole ke alelo, me kahi bifurcation ma ka hope.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kuʻi puaʻa mai nā nahesa i nā hōʻailona nui:

• ua uhi ʻia ke kino me nā unahi pōkole, ʻike mau ʻia ma ke kua, a me ka ʻōpū,
• ka nui o nā maka e neʻe ai, ka hiki ke kīʻī.

I nā nahesa, ʻokoʻa nā mea a pau: ke nānā mau a hoʻonui ʻia i nā unahi ma ka ʻōpū. Akā i ka hana, ka mea palaka maikaʻi ʻole i ke kāʻei i kahi kaila nui. I nā minuke pilikia a makaʻu paha

• hāmanu i kāna mau waha me ka hana hoʻoweliweli,
• ke kaha nei a hōʻike i ka makemake e hoʻolei i ka ʻenemi.

Nui ka poʻe i kuhihewa, ka manaʻoʻiʻo o ka mua o lākou he nahesa ʻona, a ʻaʻole hoʻi laau ʻaʻa. ʻO keʻano hopu ʻia ka lizards i hōʻike ʻia ʻole ʻaʻole i huhū lākou. ʻAʻole ʻūhā ʻia nā ʻūhā me nā niho koʻikoʻi, a ma ka hoʻop pio ʻia lawe lākou i ka meaʻai mai nā lima o ka mea nona.

Nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO ka līlīwī pāwīpī līwī kahi kuʻi i ke ahiahi a me ke kakahiaka. ʻO ke koena a pau kā lākou e hoʻomaha ai, ke kahe nei i ka mauʻu mānoʻu, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, i ka ʻāina maloʻo, piʻi i waena o ka rhizomes, i nā ʻōpala, a me nā hoki o nā mamala liʻiliʻi. I ka lepo maloʻo, hiki iā lākou ke eli i kā lākou mau mink me kā lākou mau poʻo.

E like me ka hapanui o nā pīpī, nā holoholona ʻehā nā holoholona. Loaʻa iā lākou nā wahi ʻai liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi radius o kekahi mau mika. ʻAʻole lawe ʻia kahi mamo i hānau ʻia mai kahi home makua.

ʻOiai ka hoʻohālikelike o nā nahesa, lohi a wikiwiki loa kēia mau lizards a, ʻōlelo paha kekahi, he ʻino. He ʻuʻuku kolo, kahi lele palupalu e hāwili i ka huelo a me ke kino holoʻokoʻa, akā pili iki ka iwi ʻōiwi papaha me ko lākou mau neʻe. Mālama ʻo ia mau pale paʻakikī i ka līlī a piʻi pono ma ka nahele a me nā ʻūhā ululāʻau, ma waena o nā pōhaku, akā ma kahi pālahalaha a hāmama e pale lākou i nā neʻe.

E like me nā nahesa, hiki ke milo a nā milo, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake lākou e hana. I ka '' aukau 'ana, e hoala ka lula i kona poʻo ma luna o ka wai. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​pūlio maikaʻi loa i nā pūlima maikaʻi loa, akā he mea lawehala pono ʻole, no ka mea he kikowaena maikaʻi loa a ʻike ʻia. ʻO nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano, ʻaʻole like me ko lākou ʻohana he nui, ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala i hiki ke ʻike, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike wale i nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā hina. Akā no ka mea e alakaʻi nei i ka nohona semi-lalo, ʻaʻole pono kēia mau hemahema āpau i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi no lākou. ʻOi aku ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana e ka paʻapū kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻohu ʻana i ke ʻano o ka litor e like me ka nahesa e hoʻohana ana i kāna alelo bifurcated.

Mea ʻai

Mālama ka lāʻau spindle-lāʻau i nā mea like lohi e alakaʻi nei i kahi keena semi-underground - slugs a me nā ʻewala. I nā wahi haʻahaʻa, maʻa mau nā meaʻai like ʻole, no laila, ʻaʻole pono ka hue i ka nui, no kēia kumu i mau ai nā pā meaʻai a kēlā me kēia mau liʻiliʻi.

Ke ʻike nei i ka mea e pio ai, ke kaha mālie nei ke kuʻe i ke kōkua o kāna alana, a laila hoʻomaka iā ia. I ka wā 'ai ʻai, e lulu mau ka līlī i kona poʻo ma ka honua. Pēlā, kāpae ʻo ia i ka mucus mai ka mea i hana ʻia a mai kāna iho mau muzzle. Hiki i kahi spindle ke ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua hola eʻai ana i ka mea ʻai nui.

Mālama ʻia ke kino kīnā ʻole e nā niho koʻikoʻi e hūnā i ke kua. Kōkua nō hoʻi lākou i ka pua e huki i nā ʻōwili honua mai nā paukū ʻeleʻele. Hoʻolaha koke aku ia i ka loune i ke kino o ka nalu a lawe koke iā ia i loko o ka mink. Inā hiki ʻole i ka wī, ʻaʻole huki nā līnika i kahi pio i hopu ʻia.

Ua huki pinepine nā ʻelua i nā manamana ʻelua mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a hoʻohemo i ʻelua ʻāpana. I kēia manawa, huli lākou i kā lākou axis me ko lākou kino holoʻokoʻa: hoʻokahi līlika counterclockwise, a ʻo kekahi ʻē aʻe ma laila. Hiki i nā niho kūlima ke kōkua i ke kiʻi ʻana i nā snails mai nā manamana. Lā ka līlī i ka wāwae o ka līlū a hoʻopio mālie ia i ke kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe.

Hiki i nā ʻāhā, e like me nā nahesa, ua ʻawaʻawa i ka nui, no laila ke hana ʻino lākou i nā nahesa, nā ʻōpala a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi o kā lākou ʻano. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hihia i ka wā i ʻai ai kahi hipa i iwakāluakumamaiwa i ka ʻalā, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona kino he ʻumikumamāwita kenimika. Akā ʻaʻole makemake iki ka mea kanu i kēia mau ʻano.

Hoʻoilo

Palapala nui ʻia nā Frostworms i nā wahi hohonu a i ʻole burrows. I kekahi manawa hohonu ko lākou hohonu e kanahiku kenimita. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ia i kēia mau loiloi e loaʻa i nā wahi kūpono no ka hoʻoilo, no laila e hōʻuluʻulu kekahi o nā mea hou i loko o nā lua i hoʻokahi manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā "noho" i kēlā me kēia 30. Hoʻopili ka Lizards i ka puka i ko lākou wahi hoʻoilo me ka honua, mauʻu a me ka mauʻu hoʻi. ʻO ka mea mahalo, aia kekahi mau luhi i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi kaiāulu o nā pōpoki a me nā amphibians.

ʻO ka ʻīwī, e like me nā mea scaly a pau loa, molts maʻamau. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hānai i ko lākou kino kahiko e like me nā nahesa i ko lākou āpau, akā e neʻe i nā mea make e kokoke kokoke i ka huelo, a laila hoʻohemo i ko lākou mau apo.

ʻAno hānau

I loko o kahi pua pīpī, hiki i ka wā kohu i ka pūnāwai. Noho ʻo ke ʻōpū ma mua o ʻekolu mau mahina. I Iulai, nā keiki bipi, i uhi ʻia me ka lālani hua manu, i ʻokoʻa loa. Hiki i nā hua kime ke helu mai ʻelima a iwakāluakūmālima mau kūlā. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, luku koke lākou i ka ʻōpū. E hānai nā keiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi e noho ana i ka lepo. Puberty i ka makahiki ʻekolu. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, noho kēia ʻano o nā mea laka mai ka ʻiwa a hiki i ka ʻumikūmālua makahiki.

Ma hea ka noho ʻana o ka lulu a me kona ola?

ʻO kahi noho o kēia mau lehelehe he mau nahele. Noho lākou i nā lāʻau i hoʻopili ʻia ai i lalo nā lau a me nā wahi nahele. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa i nā māla a me nā mahinaʻai. Ma Caucasus, he kaula pala e noho ana ma nā wahi kuahiwi, ma nā puʻu e uhi nui ʻia me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, a me nā nahele me nā wahie. Ma nā mauna e loaʻa ana lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 2300 mau mika. Pono nā ʻuʻuku o Fragile i ka palupalu, nā wahi polū, e hele pinepine i ka lā, akā e noho kokoke i ko lākou wahi e noho ai.

Ke hana nei kēia mau lepa i ke kakahiaka kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi ahiahi, a me ke koena o ka manawa hoʻomaha lākou ma lalo o nā pōhaku, i ka mauʻu ākea, ma ka lepo ma waena o nā rhizomes, ma lalo o ka lāʻau kai, ma ka ʻōpala a me nā ʻuʻuku o nā mamalia liʻiliʻi. I ka lepo hoʻokaʻawale, hiki i nā ʻuʻuku ke kuʻekuʻe kūʻokoʻa i nā lua me ke kōkua o ke poʻo.

E like me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui o ka pīpī, ke alakaʻi nei nā spindles i kahi ola paʻa. Ua liʻiliʻi nā wahi o nā ʻano, i loko o kahi radius a me hoʻokahi mau mika. Ke wehe ʻia nei nō nā hua āpau i lawe ʻia ʻole ma kahi mamao loa.

Nā ʻōpū nāwele ʻia nā ʻōpū.

ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau lizards ua hoʻohālikelike o nā nahesa, ua lohi a lohi. Ke lele ka lolo, kuʻu ʻo ia i ke kino a me ka lae me ka nalu, akā pili ka pale o ka iwi me ka neʻe. ʻO kēia mau uhi paʻakikī e hana i ka hana palekana i ka wā e piʻi ai ka līlī ma waena o nā pōhaku, i nā lāʻau ākea a me nā mea ulana lāʻau, akā ma kahi ākea ākea, pale lākou iā lākou mai ka holo ʻana. Hiki i nā ʻōpū, e like me nā nahesa, ke ʻoki nei kā lākou poʻo i luna o ka wai. Akā ʻaʻole makemake ka lizards i kēia noho ʻana, no ka mea luhi koke lākou. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia lākou i ka wai wale nō inā pono.

ʻO nā hiona ʻino wale wale nō i nā lawaiʻa maikaʻi, akā, ke ʻilihune maikaʻi ʻia, no ka mea lohi a nānā ʻole i nā mea ʻike. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo o nā ʻano, ʻaʻole like i ko lākou mau hoa, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻike maopopo wale lākou i nā hina o ka hina. Akā ʻoiai ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ala o ke ola huna, aneane semi-underground, ʻoluʻolu lākou. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka ʻike pōkole e ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻano ʻōiwi. ʻIke ka līlī me ka ʻuʻawa, me ke kōkua o kāna ʻōlelo bifurcated.

Pehea ia e pala nui ai ka lāʻau spindle?

Hoʻohana ʻo Spindleworms i nā mea līlū lohi e alakaʻi nei i kahi keena semi-lalo o ka honua - nā wili a me nā slugs. I nā wahi pāpū he nui nā meaʻai, no laila, ʻaʻole pono ka līlī nui e haki nui, ma kēia ʻike ʻāpana liʻiliʻi kā lākou ʻāpana.

Ua lohi koke nā ʻīwī.

I ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea pio, ke kīwī, keʻa nei, ʻāmaʻomaʻo iā ia me ke kōkua o kāna alelo, a laila hoʻomaka. I kēia manawa, lohi ʻo ia i kona poʻo ma ka lepo, no laila e kinai ai i ka mucus mai ka mea ʻāmi a mai kona alo aku. Hiki i ka spindle ke hopu i kahi mea nui no nā minuke 30 a keu paha. ʻO ka kino keʻokeʻo o ka mea ʻai i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā niho ikaika, kūlima i nā niho hope, me kā lākou mau kōkua kōkua e huki i nā ʻōwili ma waho o nā neʻe. Hoʻopili iki ka spindle i ke kino o ka wī a huki iā ia mai loko o ka mink. Inā hiki ʻole i ka wī, ʻaʻole huki ka līkī i kahi ʻāpana i hopu ʻia.

ʻOi pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manamana ʻelua i nā wēlau mai nā kihi ʻē aʻe o ke kino a hōʻulu ka mea ma ka hapa, aʻo lākou ka ʻūlū holo ʻana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i kāna koi, hoʻokahi kime ka helu ʻana, a ʻo kekahi hoʻi, ma ke ʻano ke kūlohelohe.

ʻO kēia mau lekielu e hoʻohana i ko lākou mau niho kūlou e kiʻi i nā snails mai kā lākou mau leʻa. Kohu ka līlī i loko o ka wāwae o ka ʻāʻī a paʻa iā ia ke kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe aʻe. ʻO kekahi manawa keʻai ʻana i nā ʻōpio, millipedes a me nā kumulāʻau. Ua maloʻo nā ʻīwī, e like me ka nahesa e ʻānai ai i ka meaʻai nui, no laila ke kūpaʻa nei lākou i nā ʻalā, nā nahesa a me nā holoholona ʻōpio o ko lākou ʻano. Aia kekahi kānāwai i ʻike ʻia i ka wā he spindle, nona kona kino he 29 kenimeta, ʻai i ka nahesa he 18 kenimika lōʻihi. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā hihia o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai kanu.

Pehea e pale aku ai ka kahu puaʻa mai nā ʻenemi?

Mai ka ʻenemi, ua mālama ʻia kēia mau lizki ma muli o ko lākou mau hiʻona ola ʻana, ka hiki ke hoʻolei i kā lākou huelo a me ka leka uila paʻa e paʻa nei. Eia kekahi, pana ka spindles i kā lākou hoʻopōkī. Loaʻa i nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio ke hana i kā lākou hana - inā i hoʻoweliweli ʻia, e kau ma luna o ko lākou kua a hōʻike i ko lākou ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka mea e hoʻohuli i kahi hoʻololi i ke kala ka hopena o ka pīhoihoi ma ka ʻenemi. Akā ʻaʻole lawa kēia mau kālā, no laila ua lilo pinepine ka līwī i nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ke lilo nei ka mea ulu i nā ʻōpala, nā pahuhopu a me nā nahesa. ʻO nā ʻenemi maoli o nā spindleworms he mau mea pōkole, nā alopeke, martens, hedgehog a ma kahi o 25 mau ʻano o nā manu like ʻole. A ua kokoke loa kēia papa inoa o nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka mahalo mahalo ʻia, ʻo ka poʻe ʻoi a nā ʻenekini i hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia e nā nahesa keleawe, ʻo ia ka poʻe e hoʻokuʻi iā lākou, no ka mea he mau inoa consonant lākou.

Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia e kēia mau mea kīloi lono ʻole e ka poʻe, ʻoiai ma nā ʻāina he nui i kuhi hewa ʻole ʻia e pili ana i ka hona o ka hana ʻole ʻana o kēia mau mea ola ʻole. Inā ʻoe e lawe i ka ʻala i kona mau lima, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻāʻo e mākaʻikaʻi.

ʻAno nui ka pīpī Paʻa i nā ʻāina hoʻoweliweli. I ka pio, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi hihia o ka ola o ka spindle, kahi mau makahiki he 54 mau makahiki. I ka manawa like, i ka makahiki o 45, ua hiki i kēia kanaka ke hoʻomohala i ka pua. Akā ʻo ka hapanui o nā mokolima pāwili e noho ma nā terrariums no kahi o 20-30 mau makahiki.
Ma ke alakaʻi ʻana kēia mau lizards i kahi ʻano pilikino huna, ʻaʻole lākou i hopu pinepine i nā maka o kānaka, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike nui ka ʻike e pili ana i ka nui a me ka nui o kēia ʻano ʻano. I ka nui o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ua lilo pinepine ka lika pōpoki, no laila ua lawe ʻia ma lalo o ko lākou pale.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

27.05.2015

ʻO kahi palu palupalu (lat. Anguis fragilis) mai ka ʻohana spindle (lat. Anguidae) kahi mea hoʻokipa aloha no ka poʻe māla. Mālama ʻo ia i ke ʻano o ka snails me ka nui. Piʻiʻi hou ʻia kona mau niho liʻiliʻi ʻoiʻi a hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia no ka hopu ʻana i ka mea ʻilihune.ʻOkoʻa nā ʻānela ʻē aʻe i nā nahesa ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻia e kona mau maka e nā neʻe aniani.

Noho ka ʻala palalāʻau ma ka ʻāina o ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀpana a me ʻAsia Komohana. Loaʻa iā ia, aia kahi manawa i kahi manawa a me ka mālie o ke anuanu. Ua koho ʻo ia i kona wahi e noho ai ma nā nahele i kulu ʻia ai nā ulu lāʻau nā lāʻau me nā moor. ʻIke pinepine ʻia i loko o nā paka a me nā wahi kīwaha o ka ʻāina. I nā kuahiwi, ʻaʻole ia e piʻi i luna o ka 2000 m a pale aku i nā wahi maloʻo hoʻopō ʻia i ka lā.

ʻAʻole maopopo ka helu hilinaʻi nui o nā ʻōwili spile. I kēia manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi i ka nohona kūlohelohe. Nui nā mea make hewa ʻole i ka luku ʻia e ka poʻe a make i lalo o nā wili o nā kaʻa.

Kahi helu

Ua māhelehele ʻia i ʻelua subspecies - Anguis fragilis colchicus (Colchis fragile spindle) a me The Anguis fragilis fragilis (nominative subspecies). Ma mua, ua ʻauhau nā poʻe ʻauhau i nā ʻano Anguis fragilis (subspecies of Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus (peloponnesian fragile spindle), akā i ka ʻauhau ʻānō he mea ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻo Anguis cephalonnicus (Kefalon spindle). ʻO kekahi ʻauhau ʻauhau kūloko i nā subspecies Anguis fragilis colchicus.

Ke noho maʻamau

Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ka noho ʻana i nā ululāʻau, deciduous a hui ʻia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā ia ma nā kihi a me nā wahi nahele. I ka pūnāwai, he ikaika ia i ka lā, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ua huli ia i ke ola nocturnal. No ka hiamoe, ke hūnā ʻo ia i nā kumulā, nā puʻu o nā lālā, nāʻuʻu ʻōpala, koho ʻia nā mea koho a me nā wahi maloʻo. ʻAʻole maʻamau i kahi mamao loa mai ka wahi. Mālama ka hapanui i nā invertebrates, akā aia nā hihia i ka ʻai ʻana, nā lizards a me nā kiʻi hou keiki (ma nā ʻāina terrarium ka mea maʻamau pinepine ia). He kūmole hoʻi ke ʻano Cannibalism.

Hoʻaiho

Laau lāʻau ua māhele ʻia ma ʻEulopa, Asia Minor, nā Caucasus, Iran, Algeria. Aia ia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lōʻihi a hiki i 2300 m. Ua kiko ʻia ka laulā mai ke kūkulu hema a hiki i nā wahi ʻākau ma muli o ka mahana o ka pltile.

Noho ka Lizard i nā māla i hui ʻia a i ʻole ka palau paha e hōʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā kihi, nā mahina a me nā ʻōpala. Makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi lepo me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, me nā lāʻau nui e kūlike ana. E makemake mua ia i ka lulu ʻana i nā wahi, ke pīhoihoi wale nei ʻoe i ka lā, kahi mamao loa i ka neʻe ʻana aku i kahi nui. I ka pūnāwai he ikaika ia i ka lā, i ke kauwela - i ka pō.

Kūpono keʻokeʻo kīpī laʻau ʻole E mālama i ka hānau ʻana i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi mahana o 8-10 ° C i nā lua hohonu me nā ʻohana. I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka hoʻoilo ma waena o 30 mau kānaka. E neʻe ana ka līlī lōloi i kona poʻo, e hele hohonu ana i 50-70 cm. Ua hoʻomau ka hopena o nā kuʻekuʻe e noho ana i loko o ka puʻu i lalo a -6 ° C Ua pakele nā ​​mea a pau, a lele koke ke ala o kaʻikepili.

Hōʻike ʻia nā Lizards i kahi ola paʻa. He liʻiliʻi nā radius o kā lākou mau meaʻai ʻai, he mau mika. ʻAʻole hōʻalo ʻia nā keiki i kahi mamao loa mai kā lākou pūnaewele. Hiki i nā ʻeleʻele ke ʻauʻau. Akā, loaʻa ko lākou ikaika ikaika, no laila ke hoʻoilo wale nei i ka wai.

ʻO ke kūlohelohe, no ka nui o ka poʻe noho i waena o nā manu o nā mea hemo, nā mea hōʻino, nā hedgehog, nā alopeke, nā mea martens, he tidbit laau ʻaʻa. Ka ʻu hāpū a me ka pilikia, a lohi a pale aku ka līniha.

Aia ʻo kona ola i loko o nā ʻōpala kahiko, ma lalo o nā waihona make kai, ma ka ʻāina pāpū, i loko o ka puʻu lāʻau. He mea paʻakikī ke nānā ʻana i kahi lua flindle-hole i ka holoholona hihiu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ia lā ma ke ao palū e hele ai nā ʻōiwi ma ke ʻano o nā lizards.

Ma nā lawaiʻa e lawaiʻa ana i ka pō, i ka pō. Hoʻopili nā maka a me nā lōlū i nā mea lawaiʻa maikaʻi. Ua kapa aku nā poʻe Pelekane iā lākou i nā wīwī lohi. ʻO ke ʻimi ʻili i kōkua ʻia e ke ʻano ikaika o ke ʻano me ka alelo i ʻoki ʻole.

I ka neʻe ʻana, ua hoʻohiki ʻia ke kino a me ka huelo e ka neʻe, akā ua pale ʻia ka pale o ka iwi i kēia. ʻO kāna hana e pale aku i nā pōhaku koi, prickly thickets. Hele ia pīpī ʻaila e peʻe ana i kahi anthill. Mālama ka pale i ke kino mai nā bites o ka poʻe noho hoʻopilikia.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻohe huakaʻi ʻAʻole au i pale i kahi kanaka. ʻO ka mea mua i waena o nā reptile i hoʻomāluulu i nā kalā. ʻOi aku ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lizards ma muli o ka nui o nā mea kanu kemu, pollination me nā pesticides.

He mea maʻalahi ke kāʻei i kahi kīwawa keleawe. I nā hōʻuluʻulu o nā herpetologists laau ʻaʻa. I kūʻai He maʻalahi ka lise ma kahi hana lapaʻau kūikawā.

He aha ke ʻano o ka lāʻau spindle e nānā?

ʻO nā palu palupalu (Anguis fragilis) kahi ʻano nui o nā lizard legless. He lōʻihi ia (a hiki i 40 cm) ke kino spindle-kino. ʻO ke poʻo mai ke kino ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka ʻāʻī, ke kīho lahui, lahilahi, e like me nā mea ʻili. Ua liʻiliʻi nā maka, ua liʻiliʻi ka maka pepeiao akā maikaʻi ia.

ʻOkoʻa ka ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana. Aia nā lālā'ōpiopio ma luna o kahi waihoʻoluʻu kukui māmā me nā ʻāpana poʻokeʻo ʻelua i hoʻopuni iki ʻia i ka pihi, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka wahi i loko o ka lihi o ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele nā ​​ʻaoʻao a ʻulaʻula, a he ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino. Ke hele a ʻōlaʻi ka ʻōpiopio, aʻeleʻele ke kala o ke kua, loaʻa i nā kala, ʻoniʻoni a keleawe paha, aʻo nā ʻaoʻao i ʻāpana.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā kāne a me nā wahine, ʻo ia ka mea ma mua ma mua, he ʻeleʻele ka pihi, pinepine me nā ʻeleʻele polū, a i nā wahine ʻeleʻele ka hina, ʻeleʻele ka lalo.

Hoʻohui hewa pinepine kēia mau lizards no nā nahesa, ma nā mea ʻona, ʻo ia ka mea ke leʻaleʻa lākou i ka inoa maikaʻi. Hiki i ka spindle ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā nahesa, ma ka mua ma mua o ka ihu o ka huʻu maloʻo, a ʻo ka lua, ma nā maka me nā aniani e hoʻoneʻe ʻia (no nā nāhelē āpau, ʻaʻole e kūleʻe nā maka no ka mau pūlima paʻa).

Nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana

• Anguis cephallonica a i ʻole peloponnesian worm worm Kefalon spindle, natural habitat - temperate iklim.
• ʻO Anguis colchica - a hiki i kēia manawa, i manaʻo ʻia he subspecies o nā ʻuʻu. I kēia lā, ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he papa kūʻokoʻa o nā reptile.
• Hoʻopili ka Anguis pīpī ʻaila. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā ʻano ʻano he ākea ākea a me ke ola ola a hiki i 35 makahiki.
• ʻO Anguis graeca kahi ʻano luhi ʻokoʻa. Ka pōʻai honua - ka ʻāina a me nā kime clanatic o Mediterranean.
• ʻO Anguis incomptus ka ʻano līlio loa i ʻike ʻia ma kahi aupuni ʻona hoʻokahi. Pēlā paʻa a mālama ʻia hoʻi.
• ʻO Anguis veronensis he ʻāpela Italia. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o nā wāwae mikroskopola a me kahi noho nui, me ka inoa o nā subspecies.

Iho Ia ka hele ʻana i ke ʻano a ʻo ko anguidae he 13 genera, nā 120 subspecies. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻōlapa a me nā kīlima lima ʻelima a loaʻa nā wāwae he 4. E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, hoʻokahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau ʻano - ka uhi o waho, e hoʻākoakoa ana iā lākou i loko o ka papa hoʻokahi.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻano ʻano hiʻohiʻona. Nā mea like kīwī i ke kiʻilike me ka nahesa maʻamau. ʻO ia ke kumu, kū pinepine mai ka nīnau,popo ʻaʻa a i ʻole? " ʻAʻole maopopo loa! ʻO kēia ʻano reptile he mea palekana loa no ke kanaka.

E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, maʻalahi lākou e hoʻopili, hoʻopili a hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea nona ka haku. Eia naʻe, ua hiki i nā spindles ke pale iā lākou iho ma ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā pahi ʻeha a me ka hohonu, ma muli o nā niho kakiki.

No laila, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka līlī e like me ka nahesa, pono no ke poʻo i ke kumu o ka ʻāʻī. Hoʻopiliʻia, e like me nā mea a pau a ka nahesa, e hoʻololi ka ʻili o ka ʻāʻī o 2-3 i ka manawa. ʻO kā lākou like ʻole me nā nahesa. Akā ua ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā ʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā hōʻailona ma kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā nahesa a me nā spindles:

• Pihi pololei ka poʻo o ka līlani i ke kino, me ka hoʻohui pū me ia, ʻaʻole like me nā nahesa, kahi i kū ʻia ai ke kūʻē o ke ʻano o ke kino.
• ʻO ka holo o ke neʻe o ka neʻe, ka mea nui ma nā pae holomua.
• ʻO ka heleʻana o nā pūnaka pūkini a me ka hiki ke pīpī.
• ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka hoʻolohe.
• ʻO nā ʻoki ʻāʻī e ʻae ʻole i ka neʻe ʻana i ka mea nui.
• ʻAʻole like me ka nahesa, ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ʻia nā pua i nā apo.

ʻO kekahi mea hōʻoluʻolu ʻē aʻe - ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​spindles i nā kala. Hōʻike nā mea āpau a puni iā ​​lākou i kahi mākaukau hina. Eia naʻe, hiki ʻole iā lākou ke ʻike i ka palette no lākou, e like me nā reptile he nocturnal. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi nā lizards i kā lākou hana i nā kūlana i pilikia.

Hiki iā lākou ke pale iā lākou iho ma ke "kahawai" a pau i kā lākou hoʻopuka ʻana i ka mea kaua. Nā poʻe ʻōpiopio - ka ʻōpio, helu ana i ka hopena o ka pīhoihoi, huli i lalo. A ʻo kahi he pōʻeleʻele hoʻi lākou, aneane pale aniani, hoʻololi i kahi pale e kū mai nei, kahi mea e hoʻokūkū a makaʻu hoʻi i ka ʻenemi.

Ke kāhuli nei, ma ka, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau o kēia ʻano ʻano no ka hoʻoilo. Ma mua, ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ʻohi lākou i ia mau hui a hoʻohuihui i ka wahi o "ka pō", e hoʻomoʻa ana i nā lau me nā lau, nā lau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o nā kuʻeʻai i ka wā mua.

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou e pili i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka lā. Puhi lākou i nā leaka ākea a me nā pōhaku. Mai hoʻohilahila i nā spindles me nā nahesa. Mai pepehi nā holoholona, ​​no ka mea he mau iwi manawaleʻa ka hopena. Eia naʻe, mai mālama i ka lending me ka maikaʻiʻole. Hiki iā ia ke pale iā ia iho.

Mākaʻu ʻōwele

Kālaha ka pā panapo i ʻEulopa, ma nā wahi e hōʻea ai i ka Halika Arctic, a ma Asia Minor, ma Iran. Loaʻa ia ma ka Caucasus, ma Western Siberia.

Noho nā Spindles i nā biotypes like ʻole, hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā wahi me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā nahele i hui ʻia a hoʻopono, ma nā kihi, nā mākaʻi kahiko, a i nā kīhāpai, kahi e ulu nui ai ka mauʻu, i nā pā waina, i nā kākela o ka nahele, akā maʻamau ʻaʻole ia e mamao loa i nā kino wai a i nā wahi lepo.