Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Moulou | Nā iʻa Bony |
Nā Kuhikuhi: | Kouiniphysi |
Kekaha: | Pēlā ʻolua |
Hoʻopiʻi: | ʻO nā kālele Koi |
ʻO nā kālele Koi (Japanese Japanese a コ イ koi) ai ʻole paha, i ke kikoo brocade (Jap. 錦鯉 nishikigo) - nā iʻa ʻaʻa kūloko ʻia mai ka Amur subspecies (Latin Kouinus carpio haematopterus) carp (Kouinus carpio) ʻIke ʻia ka lāʻau kalepa he iʻa ia i hala i nā koho kahunapule 6, ma hope o kahi i wae ʻia ai kekahi ʻano.
I kēia manawa, ma Iapana he nui nā ʻano koi, akā ua manaʻo ʻia ke ʻano he ʻumikumamāhā wale nō nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kala.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala hanana
Ma kahi o 2500 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua lawe ʻia mai nā kaʻa i Kina mai nā wahi i pili i ke kai Caspian. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia no kekahi i ka wā i kū ai ke kalapu ma Iapana; ʻo nā palapala kākau mua i kākau ʻia i ka lā i hala i ka 14 - 15th mau makahiki o AD. e. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ua lawe ʻia ka ʻūa i Iapana e nā malihini mai Kina. Ua kapa ʻia ka poʻe Japanese me "Magoi" - kahi kalapu ʻeleʻele. Ma hope mai, hoʻomaka nā mānaka Iapana i ulu i loko o nā loko iʻa no ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ma nā wahi kuahiwi kuahiwi, nā kaʻa ʻiwi loa ka ʻai maʻamau o ka protein, ʻoiai, ma ka hoʻohālike ʻana, ma Niigata Prefecture.
Hoʻopau kūloko
ʻO kekahi manawa, ma muli o ka mutations maoli, ke hōʻike nei kekahi mau kalaka i nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēlā mau iʻa me kahi kumu kuʻuna ʻole, ʻaʻole ia i hele i ka meaʻai a mālama ʻia ia no nā kumu hoʻonani. Mālama koke ka mea kanu o nā heihei ʻeleʻele i loko o ka makemake i nā mea mahiʻai. Na nā mea nona nā iʻa i kau i kā lākou iʻa, ke loaʻa ʻokoʻa ana i nā ʻano loli like ʻole. Ua lilo kēia mea hoʻohana i ka mea kūʻai i waena o nā mea kūʻai a me nā aliʻi, a e lūlū maikaʻi a puni ʻo Iapana. ʻO ka hōʻike ʻo Tokyo Taisho o 1914 i hōʻike mua i ke koi koi ʻia i ka nānā maka o ka lehulehu. I kēia manawa ma nā'āina he nui nā hui a me nā hui o nā mea aloha koi e hoʻokau ʻia, nā hōʻike a me nā hōʻike.
ʻO ka loiloi kounga Koi
1. ʻĀina kino
- ka hoʻohui maʻamau ʻo Koi i ke ʻano o ke poʻo, ke kino a me nā ʻōpū, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pākuʻi pili.
Loaʻa i ka nui koi kino wahine maikaʻi. ʻO ke kīleʻa, ʻo ia he kānāwai, ʻaʻole hiki i ka genetically ke loaʻa i ka nui o ka nui e kūpono i ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū. ʻO ka nui a me keʻano o nā fins e pono ke hoʻohālikelike i ke kino. ʻAʻole ʻoki pōkole loa ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o ke poʻo a i ʻole ke kālai ʻia i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao. Ke nānā aku nei i ka koi mai luna, akā pono ke kino a me ka hoʻohālikelike o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, ʻelua ʻaoʻao ʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao.
2. Kāleka a me ka hoʻohālike
- ka helehelena a me ke ʻano o ka ʻili
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻili a me nā kala hohonu a me ke kala maikaʻi. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka ʻāpana hui pū ʻana. Pono ke ʻano o ka ʻili me kahi pūpū olakino.
- ka maikaʻi o nā kala, nā hiʻohiʻona, nā kihi o nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke kaulike kumu
Pono e kaupalena ʻia nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā palena maʻemaʻe. Pono ke kaulike o nā kala kala. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā wahi "māhina" i mua, i waenakonu a i ʻole o ka peʻe o ka iʻa. Pono ka papa ʻōlelo i ke kino o ka iʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka iʻa nui e pono ke hiʻohiʻona nui.
- Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī i kēlā me kēia ʻano, a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻano
- posture, a pehea pehea e mālama ai ʻo koi iā ia iho i ka wai a me kaʻauʻau iā ia
- kahi manaʻo e hōʻike i kēlā me kēia koi e hōʻike i nā kikoʻī o nā loiloi
Kekahi Koi koi
Heʻoi aku ma mua o 80 mau koi o koi. No ka hoʻonaninani, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i loko o nā pūʻulu he 16 i hui pū ʻia, i hui ʻia e hoʻokahi a i ʻole ka ʻokoʻa:
- Kohaku (Iapana 紅白 Ko: haku)
- Taisho Sansyoku (ʻĀpuka 大 正 三 色 Taisho: sansoku)
- ʻĀpana Sansyoku (ʻ Japaneselelo 昭和 三 色 Shou: wa sansoku)
- Utsurimono (ʻĀpana 写 り 物)
- Becco (ʻĀpana べ っ っ ʻO Becco:)
- Tantyo (Japanese 丹 丹 Tantyo:)
- Asagi (浅黄)
- Shusui (ʻĀpana 秋 翠 Xu: Sui)
- Coromo (Iapana 衣)
- Kinginrin (Iapana 金 銀鱗)
- Kavarimono (Iapana 変 わ り 物)
- Ke ahi (Iapana. E pili ana: gon)
- Hikari-moyomono (ʻĀpana 光 模樣 者)
- Gosiki (jap. 五色)
- ʻO Kumonryu (九 紋 竜 ʻO Kumonryu:)
- Doytsu-goyi (ド イ ツ 鯉)
Hoʻohana ʻia
Aia kekahi ʻike ʻenekele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia ka iʻa like ʻole me ke kāmela i ka hele mua ʻia, i hana ʻia e ke ʻano kūlohelohe. Ke ʻae ʻia nei, he helehelena kona helehelena i nā hana hōʻiliʻili manuahi e pili ana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o ka wao manu manu, ka home o ke kūpuna no ke kūkulu hema o Kina a me Caspian. He kuhihewa hewa kēia. Loaʻa i ka ʻūhā no nā kahe a me nā kaʻe o ke ʻano, kahi like i ka kino kino. ʻO ka iʻa, e noho mau nei ma ka wikiwiki me ke anuanu o ka oxygen, loaʻa i ke kino haʻahaʻa-like me ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā kālena, ʻo ia ka mea i kau me ka mālie a waiwai i loko o ka wai wai me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha, ulu nui obese a ulu nui.
ʻO ia ka loko o ka loko, i lilo i mea kahiko ma ke ola i nā hemahema o ke kanikani, me ka ʻole o nā loli i koho ʻia, ua hoʻopuka ʻia e ke kanaka i nā kino wai i ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻO ka pilikia o nā holomua o nā maʻi biology ma luna o kahi ʻāpana kālā i kū mai i ka makahiki 150-200 wale nō a ua alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o nā mau pua a me nā piliona maoli.
He mea nui ia e ʻike i ka huaʻōlelo "carp" ʻaʻohe kumu ʻepekema a ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka kenekulia 19 me ka lima kukui o ka mea kaulana i nā puke e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka hopu, ʻo Sergei Aksakov. Ua kipa pinepine ka mea kākau Ufa ma kāna ʻāina liʻiliʻi, kahi i komo ai ʻo ia i nā pānaʻi he nui i kēia mau lā. I loko o kekahi o nā huakaʻi hele i ke kaʻi nui loa o ka muliwai Kama, ka ʻaha ʻo Agidel (muliwai Belaya), ʻo ia ua hopu ʻo ia i nā kalapu. ʻO ka mea lawe kai kūloko, ʻo ka Bashkirs, kāhea lākou iā lākou i loko o ka ʻatikala, ma ka unuhi ʻana mai kā Turkic e pili ana he "iʻa silt." Ma hope o nā hoʻopuka a ka mea kākau, ua loaʻa i kahi huaʻōlelo i waena o nā kānaka, akā, mai ka manaʻo o ka ichthyology, nā holoholona ʻalalā a me nā kālio i nā ʻano nui (ʻo ʻoininus carpio).
Nui ka loko o ka loko, waiwai nui a me nā kūlohelohe; ʻo ia ke kumu pilikino o ke ʻanoʻano i kapa ʻia. No ka taxon, ua hoʻohana inoa ʻia nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe maʻamau - maʻamau, gula, scaly. ʻO ka manawa pinepine i loko o nā nohona o kēlā me kēia lā kahi inoa e hōʻaiʻē ʻia ai mai ka ʻōlelo Old Slavonic - koropio.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā dime
He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka hiila maʻamau, ʻokoʻa a ʻike ʻē, ʻokoʻa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
- ke kino pohō, lōʻihi, kūpono ʻole elongated kino,
- nā kaulua nui ka hoʻopili i nā cycloid kaulike me kahi poʻomeleʻeleʻele (32-41 i ka laina hope)
- gula a ʻulaʻula paha.
- ʻānā alo,
- ka waha nui nui a maloʻo haʻahaʻa e hiki ke huki ʻia i loko o ka ipu,
- ʻelua mau hua liʻiliʻi o ka ʻenehana liʻiliʻi, i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka lehelehe i luna,
- nā maka kiʻekiʻe me nā haumana liʻiliʻi a me nā mea ʻala gula gula.
- darker back me ka lōʻihi loa notched o kahi hina-hina ʻula (3-4 mau pukana paʻakikī a me 1722 nā ʻalulu palupalu),
- pani kūʻālua
Hoʻopili nui ke kino o ka iʻa me ka mucus, e hōʻemi i ka kuʻi ʻana i ka wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka thermoregulation a pale i ke kino mai ka maʻi a me ka parasites. Loaʻa i ka Carp ka nui a me ke kaumaha. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia nā hihia o ka hopu ʻana i nā mea ma luna o 55 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. Akā i nā puʻupuʻu maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpio (2-7 mau makahiki) ke kau nei ʻo 1-5 kg hiki iā ia ke lanakila. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano o nā ʻano he lōʻihi i nā makahiki 40-50, a ʻo kekahi mau ʻano hoʻohālike e hiki ke hoʻokūkū i nā palena makahiki o hoʻokahi haneli a ʻoi aku paha.
ʻO nā ʻenikini he 70 mau makahiki i loko o nā kalaka i loko o kona kahua home, āna i hoʻoili ai a he 35 mau makahiki ma mua o ka mea nona. Noho ka kamaʻāina o ka Land o ka Rising Sun e mālama nei i ka iʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻohana, a hōʻole ʻolua e kūʻai aku iā ia no nā miliona miliona (ma kahi o $ 20,000).
Nā kuʻuna a me nā home
Kuhi ka hale kalepa i loko o ʻEulopa, Central a me ʻAsia ʻAulika, ka Far East a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i loko o ka latua a me ka hema. Ma Lūkia, nui nā wai i loko o nā wai wai o nā kai ʻeleʻele, Azov, Baltic, Caspian, Iapana, a me Okhotsk. Aia kahi noho punahele e kū ana a i ʻole nā kahe kahe kai, nā pā aniani, nā loko wai, nā kaiāulu a me nā kaola wai me ka nui o nā mea kanu a me ka palupalu, lepo, kapa a i ʻole ka ʻāina paʻakikī. ʻO ka hohonu hohonu o ka noho ʻana he 2-10 mika. He mea koʻikoʻi nā pā hale no ka iʻa, no laila ʻike ʻole ʻo ia i ka makana me ka papa lalo, e makemake ana i nā wahi me nā lua, nā mākeke o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a pākī paha, nāhelehele, a me nā koholā.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka mea kā lāʻau?
ʻO ka iʻa he betopala pono a me ka ʻahaʻaleʻa. Hiki i kahi mea lawelawe wahaheʻe kūikawā ke hoʻolilo iā ʻoe i ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōpū lalo haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā niho pharyngeal i kuhikuhi ʻia, nā lehelehe ākea ākea e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka hopu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai paʻa. ʻO ke kumu o ke ʻano o ke kalapu, ʻo ia:
- ulia, nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū,
- nā mollusks, nā iniseti, ka ʻōpala,
- nā caviar o nā amphibians a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe,
- nā pipi, nā mea kanu, mea lawaiʻa,
- pua a nā mea kanu, detritus, leeches.
ʻO kahi mālama makemake ʻo ka molting crayfish a me ka bale. I ka ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā wahi i loaʻa ai ke kalaka, hiki ke lohe ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka pāheʻe o nā pōpoki o nā pūpū, e hōʻāwili i nā mākaʻikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻole. Hāpai ka poʻe nui i ka ʻōmole palaoa, ʻaʻole naʻe lākou i ʻimi iā lākou. Mahalo i ka hoʻolohe loea a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i nā antennae e lohe ʻia, lohe nā ʻōpio i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kahe koko i loko o ka lepo a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kahi pepeke ma luna o ka wai o kahi mamao o 10-20 mika.
Nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau
I kekahi wā ʻōpiopio, pili ka iʻa i ka hele ʻana o ke kula. Ke ulu nei lākou a nui a hoʻonui i nā pono meaʻai, neʻe lākou i kahi pūʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka noho manawaleʻa. Noho ka hana kūlohelohe o nā ʻano i nā manawa mahana mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka pihi forage mua e hāʻule i ka mahina o Iune, i ka wā e pōloli ai ka iʻa ma hope o ke kaʻe ʻana i ka mea e pono ai nā kaona kai. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela wela a me ka wela wela o ka wai, ua hoʻoneʻe ka manawa hoʻomaha a i ka pō, akā i ka ua nui a me ke ao e hiki ai iā ia ke huli i nā meaʻai i ka lā āpau.
Ma ʻAukake-Kepakemapa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka nalu lua o ka zhor, e hoʻomau ana a hiki i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa a pili pū me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā waiwai o ka ikehu no ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā o ka hana, mālama lepa a nui ka ʻimi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. Hōʻea pinepine ka hana hoʻopunipuni me kāna hopu ʻana - ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka a me ka waena waena o ka laula i lawe ʻia e nā hopu nui nā poʻe lawaiʻa. I ka wā hoʻoilo, hoʻopau ka koropala ma nā lua anu i ka hoʻoilo me nā lā liʻiliʻi. Ke hele nei i loko o nā kula nui me nā cyprinids ʻē aʻe, ke paʻa nei i ka hana animale a ʻaʻole loa e hānai.
ʻAno hānau
No ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua, ʻike i kahi mahana piha loa o + 18-20 ° C, no laila e kūloi ana ka lohi ʻana i nā kalaka, maʻamau i ka hopena o Mei, i ka lā mua o Iune. Loaʻa i kahi wahine wahine maikaʻi ʻelima mau makahiki ʻelima mau makahiki he "gentlemen", kāʻei, a hele i ka wai pāpaku (40-60 cm), nui me nā mea kanu palupalu. Kuhi ʻia ʻo Caviar ma ke ʻāpana no 2-4 mau lā. ʻO ka huina o ka helu kime mai hoʻokahi wahine he 0.2-1.0 miliona hua. ʻO ka manawa incubation o ka hoʻolālā embryo e lawe ai i nā lā 3-6. Hoʻoulu ka lālani i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā lā he nui i kahi kūlana static, e loaʻa ana i nā mea pono pono mai nā ʻeke hua. Hoʻomaka kahi ʻōmai wai hoʻohana nui me ka zooplankton a me nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi.
Nā lāʻau pena
He kuhi hewa ʻole he kilima puaʻa kahi ʻano mea kupanaha i ke kalepa ona.
He kuhihewa kēia manaʻoʻiʻo. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa mau nā carps i nā kino wai. ʻO kēlā mau ʻano kalapu e noho ana i ka wai kahe ʻana he kino ʻilihune, elongated. ʻO nā ʻōhua Lacustrine e noho nei i nā wai wai kūmau me ka waiwai hoʻolaʻa waiwai e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka paona a hoʻonui i ka nui. ʻO kēia mau ʻano ka mea e hoʻomaka i ka bred i loko o nā loko waiʻa o Kina, mai kahi e pālahalaha aku ana a puni Eurasia. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā iʻa wai nui e noho nui ana i loko o ka wai i manaʻo ʻia he mau kalapu.
Aia kekahi ʻano nui o ke kalima:
- ʻŌpō maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā manuʻai maʻamau ka mea maʻamau. Kāhea ʻia nō hoʻi kaʻili, ke kālai gula, etc. ʻO ke kino nui, puni, hoʻopuni piha ʻia me nā mea kaupaona. Hoʻopili kokoke ke kala i ke kālā a i ʻole ke kala, ʻike ʻia nā spēneʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa ia ke kumu o ka kanu ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
- ʻĀpana kikini. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā lā kupaianaha keu, ke kupua i Kelemānia i ka makahiki ma mua. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano nui. ʻAʻole uhi ka pauna i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka ʻaoʻao luna wale nō a i ʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino. He nui loa nā kulu nui loa, ʻoniʻuku, like me nā aniani liʻiliʻi (no laila ke kumu o ka inoa).
- Kahiki (leathery) carp. ^ E Ha yM. Aia ka inoa nona iho. Ma ke kino o kēia ʻano ʻāpana o ke ʻano he manuahi ʻole. ʻAʻole like ia ʻano o kēia ʻano holoholona i ka mea ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ka nui o ka hiki ʻana o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.
- Kālā kikowaena. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻano kūlohelohe. Noho ʻo ia ma ke kino wai wale me ka wai kahe, me ka hiki ʻole ke noho i ka wīwī o ka oxygen. Hoʻopili nui ke kino o ke kalapu nui a uhi ʻia i ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke ʻano o nā muzzle kekahi mau mea like me ke kalapu maʻamau.
- Koi Carp. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kaulana ka poʻe Japanese no ko lākou aloha i ka huaʻai i nā iʻa hiu. Ma muli o kahi koho, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano paʻa o nā kalapu o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia mau iʻa i ʻāpana a ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohālikelike nā hōʻailona hemolele me ke kalepona a maʻamau paha.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona loea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana carp: Siamese carp, carp, crucian carp. He ʻano pilina āpau kēia mau mea āpau.
ʻOkiʻoki ʻaʻa
ʻO ka nui o ke kaliki e hilinaʻi loa i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ulu nā kālena hihiu i ka pākuʻi nunui. ʻO ka paona awelika o nā kānaka he 3-4 kilokilima, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka lawena lawena, a aia kekahi mau kikoʻī kahi i kaupaona ʻia a hiki i ka 10 kg.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻano loko. ʻO ka paona he 3-7 kg. Akā aia nō nā palapala e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana i ka hopu ʻana o kahi kalapu moana maʻamau e ʻoi ana ma mua o 55 kg. ʻO ka kalima ākea kīhai iki iʻoi loa ma mua o ka aniani. ʻAʻole ulu nā iwi Japanese i nā nui nui. ʻO ke kaupaona o 1-2 kg.
Carp spawning
Ke hele nei nā kaʻa i nā lā lōlau. Hiki i nā keiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka makahiki ʻekolu o ko lākou ola, a ʻo nā wahine wale nō ma ka makahiki ʻelima.
Hōʻalo ke kaʻa a keu i ke ahiahi, i ka hopena o Mei - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Iune. ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka mālama ʻana o ka wai i kahi mahana o + 18 ° C. Inā hoʻohala maikaʻi ka puna, a laila hiki ke kalapu i ka waena o Iune.
No ka spawning, koho ka wahine i ka wai pāpū, kahi kahi hohonu o ka hapalua o ka mika. I ka wā i ke kāwili ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā pua o ka dorsal o nā kānaka nui e hūnā i ka wai pāpaku.
Ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana, loaʻa i ka wahine kekahi i nā "mau aliʻi" e hele pū ana me ia ma nā wahi a pau. ʻO kahi wahi no ka lawena, e uhi ʻia me ka lehua a i ʻole mauʻu nāu, kahi e waiho ai ka caviar. ʻIʻaka Icrome i kekahi mau lā. Hoʻopau nā wahine i nā hua i ka lā a hiki i ke kakahiaka.
Hōʻea waha
Halahalaha ʻia ka Carp ma loko o Eurasia. ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona hihiu he nui wale nō ia ma ka wai kahe, me ka mea e pono ai ka pale kaulike maikaʻi.
Aloha maikaʻi ka loko o ka wai kūmau. Hiki ke lilo i loko o nā loko, nā loko, nā ʻokoʻa hoʻohanohano. He thermophilic nā ʻano o nā Lacustrine, no laila, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻākau.
Hiki i ka hoʻohanohano a me nā ʻano maʻamau ke noho i ka wai ʻōpala paʻa. ʻAʻole pili kēia i ko lākou olakino.
I ke kauwela, makemake nā hale kaʻa i nā wahi i hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia me kahi hohonu o ka hohonu ma mua o 5 m. Koho ʻia ka lalo i lalo a i ʻole ka mea ʻala.
ʻĀlio maikaʻi
Loaʻa iā Carp kahi ʻano ulu lāʻau. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka ulu ʻōpio i nā hipa nui, a noho ka poʻe pākeke i ka noho mehameha, akā mau nō ko lākou mau hoahānau i ka ʻike. E ʻauʻau ka ʻōpiopio i ka wai pāpaku, i loko o nā ulu āpau. Noho ka nui kupapaʻu i ka hohonu, e piʻi aʻe ana i ka ʻōpū wale nō e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka noho ʻana nā kalapu he poʻe noho wai o ka wai, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia i ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO kā lākou noho ma ka malu a me ka twilight.ʻO nā wili uila ʻokoʻa ʻole me nā algae ʻaʻole lākou no lākou.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Carp i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I kekahi manawa ke ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai hiki ke lele i waho o ka wai. Hana maoli ʻo ia iā ia, a waiho i hope o nā nui a me nā ʻāpana nui i ka wai.
ʻAʻole ulu ʻino nā kaʻa. ʻAʻole lākou i kaʻana like i ka ʻāina, nā meaʻai a me nā wahine. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia iʻa ka hiki ke ʻike i nā mea āpau a puni a hoʻomaopopo i nā kala.
I ka hoʻoilo, nohoʻole nā kālele i ka hāmeʻa. Hele lākou i ka hohonu, ua uhi ʻia i ka ʻalani mālamalama a hiamoe hoʻi. Hiki ke ola ʻana i ke ala i ka puna, i ka manawa e hiki ai ke mahana wai i 8-10 ° C.
Carp ola ola
Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i nā hua, a ʻo ke kāne impregnated iā ia, hoʻomaka ka hālima ola. Ma kahi hebedoma ma hope mai, hatch hū nāu mai nā hua hua (ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mm). ʻO nā lā 10 mua e hānai ana lākou i kahi ʻeke melemele, aia nā mea pono e pono ai. A pau ka ʻai melala, hoʻomaka ka ʻai palaoa i kā lākou ponoʻī.
Noho ka ʻōpio ola i nā lau o ka mauʻu a me ka pua. Kūleʻa nui paha ka Carp, i ka makahiki ka ulu a 20cm ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 500g. Ma ʻelua mau makahiki o ke ola, ke kaupa nei ʻo ka lāʻau kalaka ma mua o hoʻokahi kilogram. Ma 3 mau makahiki, lilo a ʻelemakule nā kāne, a ʻelima wahine nā ʻelima. Hoʻomaka ka wā kikoʻī.
ʻO ke ola kaʻaila he awelika o 3-8 mau makahiki. Ma nā wahi mamao ʻole i nā lawaiʻa, hiki ke noho maluhia nā kamela a hiki i 30 mau makahiki a keu paha.
Nā ala e hopu i ka kālena
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke ala o ka hopu ʻana i ke kalapu, no ka mea inā he nui ka iʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai nui loa e pono ka pana ʻana e ikaika a kūpaʻa e kūpaʻa i ka jerking o nā iʻa nui.
I kēia manawa, ua kaulana loa ka lawaiʻa carp ma luna o ka hānai. He maʻalahi ka polokalamu:
- koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi (250-300cm),
- Paʻa Reel
- hānai kaukani. ʻO ia ka mea e hana ai i kahi mea hele,
- kīleʻa me nā māka. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou i ka "rocker",
- huʻihuʻi kō.
Pono e hoʻopiha i ka maunu i loko o ka hānai (ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka porridge a i ʻole kekahi mau mea kanu). Ke hoʻohana nei i ka iʻa lawaiʻa, nā mea hānai, a me nā māka, e hoʻolei i ka loko. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hōʻailona ʻehā ma ka lāʻau lawaiʻa. ʻO nā mea a pau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaha a kali i ka hōʻailona. Hiki i nā mea hānai holoholona ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka meaʻoi aʻe ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolei iā ia.
ʻO Donka-zakidushka paha ke ʻano kahiko a ʻoi loa ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka kalapu. ʻO ka polokalamu maʻalahi loa penei:
- reel
- ka laina lawaiʻa ikaika (ʻo ka lōʻihi ka mea i kau i ka ka waiwai kūikawā, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana me kahi laina).
- he mau leʻaleʻa liʻiliʻi me nā mākeke,
- kaumaha (hoʻolilo ʻia nā kīloko ma kahi hoʻokahi)
- huʻihuʻi kō.
A maʻalahi ka hele lawaiʻa ʻana. Holo ʻia kekahi laina lawaiʻa me kahi ʻauʻau lawaiʻa a me nā kaula hamo ma luna o ka wahi lured. Ma ka laina nui e pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i kahi polokalamu hōʻailona hōʻailona. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kēlā mau pākuʻi me ke koʻokoʻo me ka paona lāʻau.
A kaulana hou kekahi lāʻau lawaiʻa i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ke kalapu.
No ia, pono ʻoe i ke kāhiko ʻana:
- kahi paʻa lawaiʻa ikaika (5-6 m). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e mālama ia mea, no ka mea ke kahu hānai ʻana i kahi ʻāpana nui, hiki i ka lāʻau flimsy ke hōʻemi wale ʻia,
- kāwili puʻupuʻu
- hoʻihoʻi,
- ʻokiʻoki i nā pōpō kūpono no ka hoʻouna pololei ʻana o ka moku kuapo,
- kawiki
- laina lawaiʻa. ʻO ka mea nui e ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa, nā maka lepa - ʻoi loa ka ʻōlelo.
Kūʻai mākou i ka maunu, e hoʻolei i ka ʻōpala i kahi wahi lised a kali i ka ʻalā.
ʻO kēia nā ʻano maikaʻi loa ʻekolu e hopu ai i ka kalapu. Ma muli o ke anana, loaʻa paha i ka mea hiʻohiʻona nā hiʻohiʻona.
Halela Bait
Hōʻulu ʻia nā pahu lāʻau i loko o nā pūʻulu nui:
- Pūnaewele kanu. Hoʻopili kēia i ka palaoa a me nā pī, i kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka bīlī pearl nui. Ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ka palaoa a me ka berena.
- Ka holoholona hihiu. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano o nā wīwī, koko, kihi, ʻoki o ka ʻiʻo. E like me ke kānāwai, he ulu maikaʻi kēlā maunu i waena o ke kauwela.
- Puka kumu. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano manuahi like ʻole, mormyshki, etc. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i nā mau ʻano makeʻu i nā hale kūʻai.
ʻO ka nui ka poʻe kalepa e hana i kā lākou mauʻano ponoʻī.
ʻAnuʻanuʻu
ʻO ka umit kūpono kūpono no ka lāʻau kalima he hapalua ia o ka kūleʻa. Pono e hānai nui ka wahi, ʻaʻohe pono e mālama i kēia.
Ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lawaiʻa kona mau ʻano baʻa. E kamaʻilio wau e pili ana i ka maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi.
ʻĀpopo + penina + pōpō + ʻono. Pono like ke kalpona i ke ʻala o nā cereals acidified a i ʻole legumes. No laila, kuke mākou i kēia ala: hoʻomoʻa i ka palaoa a me ka bale ma ka wai no 12 mau hola. A laila hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai, hoʻohui i kaila aila a me ka hinu, hui. Ua mākaukau nā bait a pau. He maʻalahi ia ke kūleʻa, akā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi.
Peas + ʻōnaʻomaʻo + ʻono. Pono e pīpī ʻia nā pī i kahi lā, ʻoiai e pono ke hoʻololi ʻia ka wai. I ka wā e mākaukau nā pī, pono ia e hui pū me ka cornmeal a hoʻohui i ka ono.
Pono ke koho ʻono ʻaʻailima e koho pono ʻia. ʻO nā mea kikoʻī kekahi: ke kāleka, ka meli, ka kāmela, ka vanilla.
Kālā kalepa
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i kahi kīʻaha nui mai nā kalima:
- kālai ʻia - hiki iā ʻoe ke kālua i ka foil, ma ka paila, me nā mea ʻai, me nā ʻano ʻano ʻona. E lilo nō ka nui o nā kalapu. ʻAʻole he hilahila e waiho i kahi kīʻaha i luna o ka papa ʻaina.
- pepeiao - mai kahi kalai hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i ka pepeiao momona i loko o ka lumi kuke a i ʻole i ka mahinaʻai,
- ʻokiʻoki - nā keke iʻa mai nā iʻa lau - kahi maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka meaʻai,
- kālai palaoa - kālai waʻa i loko o ka pā e waiho ʻole ʻia e kekahi i ka manaʻo ʻole. Pono ka pipi me nā mea ʻala e hoʻomaloʻo wale i kou waha.
Maʻalahi ka kuke ʻana mai ka kāʻai, hiki i nā mea hoʻokalakupua kanaka hou ke lawelawe ia.
ʻApana kalapu
ʻO Carp he iʻa moku, no laila ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka nui o kāna kalolo. Ka ʻike kalona o nā kalima he 112 kcal / 100g wale nō. Hoʻopau ka pili i nā iʻa kuke a ʻaihue paha. ʻO ka kāloti aʻa ka nui o ka calorie.
I kēlā me kēia kūlana, kahi kūpono ke kālai ʻia i kahi meaʻai olakino a maikaʻi paha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānaka i hopu ʻia i ka nahele ma mua o nā loko wai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau
Carp koi He iʻa hiʻona ia. ʻO nā kūpuna kāna mau kalepa he subspecies Amur. I kēia manawa, ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻano māhele, pono ke hele i ka iʻa ma 6 nā koho koho.
Ma kahi o 2000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua puka nā kaʻa kaʻa i Kina, ʻoiai ka ʻāina home koi kālai ua manaʻo ʻo Iapana. Ma laila, haʻi ka moʻolelo mua o nā kalima a hoʻi i ka makahiki 14. I ka mua, ua hoʻohana wale ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona me he meaʻai lā. A laila hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kānaka e hoʻolalelale no ke kūʻai aku, akā, eia hou, i ka hana o kahi huahana meaʻai.
Eia nō naʻe, nā hana palaki mai ke kala hina hina maʻamau i hana maʻamau ʻia. ʻAno nā loina o kēia ʻano ʻano, he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa ʻole, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e ola ana a neʻe ʻia mai loko mai o nā hale kanu kūlohelohe i nā loko a me nā mea ʻuʻuku i mea e leʻaleʻa ai ka maka o ke kanaka.
ʻO ka hoʻololi koke, ua huli ka poʻe i ke kanu kūlohelohe o nā kālai kala. ʻO ka poʻe nona nā iʻa like ʻole, nāna i hana manuahi i ka holoholona hihiu, hala akula iā lākou ma waena o lākou iho, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kala hou.
No laila hoʻolaʻa ʻia ʻo koi carp i ko mākou mau lā a lilo i kaulana loa i waena o nā mea aloha i nā holoholona aquatic maʻamau. ʻĀnō wahme koi hapai hele i kahi kaʻina loiloi paʻakikī. ʻO ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā ʻalā a me ke kino, ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili a me ke kala hohonu, nā palena kala, inā he nui, he maikaʻi ke nānā ʻia nā ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona. Aia hoʻi, loaʻa kekahi koi i ke ʻano no ka kaukau ʻana.
I nā hoʻokūkū, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mākau a pau no kahi kekana kikoʻī a koho ʻia kahi mea lanakila. I kēia manawa, mālama nā ʻāina he nui i hōʻike ʻia a hōʻikeʻike i nā heihei koi. ʻO kahi loko ka hale kūlohelohe maoli, a ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka wai no ka iʻa ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi nui a hiki i kēia lā. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kālai koi, ʻaʻole like me kona kūpuna, noho kūʻokoʻa wale ʻia i loko o nā hale waihona kūlohelohe maʻemaʻe.
He kino lōʻihi kona. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka muzzle e nā ʻoki manu ʻelua, e hana ana i ka ʻōpū o nā naʻau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Koi e ka waiho ʻana o nā pauna ma muli o kona ʻōliwa ʻana. I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o 80 mau ʻokoʻa like ʻole koi. Mākou i kona kala a me kona kumu hoʻohālike. ʻO ia ke kumu kiʻi o koi carp pēlā ka nani a me ka like.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei kēlā me kēia ʻano i kona ʻano ponoʻī. Eia kekahi, i ka wā, ua hoʻohana ka wai wai i ka mea a e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ko lākou kanaka. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i kahi liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa wahme kai meaʻai lawe ʻia mai nā lima a ka mea nona ka waiwai.
ʻO kekahi hanana e ku mai ana, ʻo kahi māka e ʻike i kona kanaka e hiki iā ia ke ʻauʻau iā ia a e ʻae iā ia i ka puʻupuʻu. ʻO kēia iʻa he holoholona maʻamau e lawe ai i ka hauʻoli a koi i ka hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi e mālama.
He ʻoluʻolu ke ola o Koi, mai hōʻike i ke ʻano lūlū ʻole kekahi me kekahi, ʻaʻole i ke kanaka, ʻaʻole hoʻi i nā iʻa o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻaahi ke hiki i 80 kenimika. Kūleʻa koke ka iʻa i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa. I koi carp i ka iʻu ʻOluʻolu ʻo ia i ka maikaʻi, pono i kahi ākea nui no kāna kaukau manuahi.
Gambar kiʻi kihi koi i loko o ka mākona
ʻO ia ke kumu, hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka loko loiloi. ʻIke ʻo Koi i ka hohonu o 50 kenimika, akā ʻaʻole e hāʻule i kahi hohonu o ka mika a me ka hapa, no laila e hana ʻoe i ka hohonu o ka tank. Hiki maikaʻi ka iʻa ma ka laulā kiʻekiʻe - mai 15 a 30 degere Celsius. Koena koi koi lilo i ka hana a lethargic.
Mea ʻai
ʻO nā kālaʻi Koi i ka loko
Ma ke kānāwai, hana ka hānai ʻelua a ʻekolu paha i ka lā. ʻAʻole ʻae ka hoʻolālā o ka ʻōpū i ke kalapu e kapili i ka nui o ka meaʻai i ka manawa koke. No laila, pono e mālama pono ka mea nona ka holoholona holoholona i ʻole ka pau ʻole o kāna pale.
Aia kekahi kānāwai e haʻi ʻole ʻia e kōkua ai i ka hānai i ka lāʻau - inā ʻai ka mea hoʻokahi i kahi mau minuke 10 e ʻai ana i hoʻokahi lawelawe, a laila holo maikaʻi nā mea a pau. Inā ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka iʻa ma mua o nā minuke 10 - ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai. A inā hoʻokomo ka lāʻau i kahi ʻāpana i kahi lōʻihi aku ma mua o 10 mau minuke, a laila e pale aku ka mea nona, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae ʻia.
No ka mālama i ka hoʻomālamalama a me ka saturation o ka kala, ʻōlelo ʻia ke kāla e hāʻawi i ka daphnia a me ka honu maloʻo. Makemake kekahi poʻe nona nā kalapu i ka meaʻai kūikawā kahi i kāwili ʻia ai nā mea hoʻonaninani.
ʻAʻole hōʻeha kēia make i ka iʻa, no ka mea, he meaʻai meaʻai maikaʻi. Eia naʻe, hoʻomaikaʻi ia i ke aniani o ke kala, ʻo ia ka mea e lilo ai ka makaʻa ʻokoʻa i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a nani.
Hiki i nā kālemakule ke hānai i nā meaʻai kanaka. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻoulu ʻia i nā lau ʻai hou, nā ʻōpala, nā wai, nā ʻoni a me nā ʻars. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā meaʻai a ke kanaka, pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ka hopena o ka mālama holoholona i mea e ʻike ai ka hoʻomanawanui pilikino, inā inā kekahi.
Pēlā nō hoʻi, ʻo ka kālai nui, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻole i nā kika, ka ʻōpū koko a me nā meaʻai ola ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hōʻea ʻana o 10-15 kilokileka o ka kalapu, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hānai i ka manawa 4 i ka lā, ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 500 mau grama no ka lā. He pono no ka ʻoihana holoholona e hoʻonohonoho i kahi lā wikiwiki i kēlā me kēia pule.