He liʻiliʻi ʻia ka manu ma kahi kikoʻī - he 13-1 cm ka nui a e like hoʻi me ka paona 15-20 g. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o luna ka ʻulaʻula me nā ʻāpana māmā. Ke ʻulaʻula a ke ʻāʻī a me ka umauma. Mai ka beak ma ka maka ke hele i kahi kaula palakaʻeleʻele. Holo ke alo maka keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka maka. ʻOkoʻa iki ka pena ʻana o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne.
Loaʻa nā loina i kahi kokoke i kekahi wahi ma nā wahi ākea, akā aia i kona waiwai nui loa i nā lau nahele ʻo nā wai nui. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka ʻike ʻia e noho ana ma luna o ka pale o nā mauʻu a hana i nā kani "hōʻoia, nānā, nānā ...". Hoʻonohonoho ka nūhou ma ka ʻāina, ma ka laulā ma ke kumu o ka lāʻau sorrel pua, kahi mea kanu nunui. ʻO ka nūnū kahi kīʻaha pāpaku, ke keʻa mai ka ʻōpala maloʻo a me nā lau o nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO ka ʻāʻī o ke kuʻi ʻia me nā ʻili lau o ka cereal, nā manawa a me ka huluhulu. ʻO ka masonry ka manawa o ka 5-7 mau palahileka i ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula, i kekahi manawa aia paha nā maka ʻulaʻula i ka hopena o ka pahū. Ke waiho nei nā manu ʻōpio i kā lākou huki ma Iune a me Iulai. Ma ʻAukake - e hoʻomaka ana ʻo Kepakemapa, hele a haʻalele ka minters.
Mālama nui ia i nā pepeke, nā nalo, nā ʻāpana, nā spider a me nā hua.
Palapala kūloko
Palapala inoa Latin: | Saxicola |
Pelekane Pelekane: | Whinchat |
Ke aupuni: | Nā holoholona |
ʻAno: | Kiʻi |
Kākau: | Nā manu |
Hoʻokomo ʻia: | Nā ʻāpana |
Nā ʻohana: | Drozdov |
Kaukaʻikaʻi: | ʻLelo ʻia |
ʻO ka lōʻihi kino: | 15 cm |
Ke loa lōʻihi | 7-8 cm |
Nā Wingspan: | 18—21 cm |
Ke kaumaha: | 20 g |
Hōʻike manu
ʻO Chasers ka henua o nā manu o ka ʻohana thrush. I ka nui, ʻo kēia mau manu he liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā hua liʻiliʻi o ka hale, me ka huelo pōkole, a heʻi uila nui loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino, e pili ana iā 15 cm, ua hiki ke lōʻihi ka nui o 20 a 2. ʻO ka ʻano kūlike o ka noho ʻana o ka mea kālā ke ʻano o ke ʻano o kona huelo, a e like me ka "kūlou".
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau ma ka plumage o nā kāne o nā ʻano ʻano ʻona a he umauma ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, kahi maka ʻokeo keʻokeʻo a me kahi ʻenehana ʻāwī i mua o nā maka. Māmā ka māmā o nā wahine, ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia ko lākou mau maka. ʻO nā ʻōpio o ka ʻōpala o ka plumage ua like me nā wahine, i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, ua hoʻonani ʻia ka kua i hope me nā kumu ʻono, a ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū.
Nā hiʻohiʻona meaʻai
ʻO ke ʻano o ka mea kālā i nā manu insectivorous. ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai i nā ʻano pepeke, ʻuʻuku, spider, snails. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka manu ke hānai i nā hua a me nā hua. Hoʻākoakoa nā mea kālā i kā lākou mea pio ma ka mauʻu i ka ʻāina. ʻO ka mea mua, nānā lākou i nā iniseti mai ka "ambush" i luna. Hiki i kekahi mau lā ke hopu i nā pepeke i ka lewa e like me ka hana ʻana nā flytraps.
Ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka moni kālā ma ke ʻano
Loaʻa nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻāpana kālā a puni ka ʻElea. Loaʻa nā nests a me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka nahele me ka wai Pechora a me Arkhangelsk a hiki i Caucasus a me Kazakhstan, a hiki i Siberia wale nō. ʻO ka hoʻoilo manu ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika.
Makemake nā Minters e pili ʻana i ka lepili a me nā wahi i hamama - nā ʻūlū, nā kīpala, nā ʻōpala.
He manu lawe manu anei ia?
Ma muli o ke ʻano noho o kahi heluna nā migratory. ʻO ka noho mau ʻana o ka ʻenekia maʻEulopa - nā ʻenehana poʻo uliuli - neʻe mai no ka hoʻoilo ma ka hema, e kokoke kokoke ana i ka ʻAmelika a i ka ʻaoʻao o ʻAulopa. Noho nā ʻāina o nā ʻāina ʻoluʻolu o Asia - kahi kālā nui - ʻaʻole pono e lele i ka hoʻoilo.
Kahola nui
He ʻano maʻamau ka iwi ma Asia (Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Mongolia). Noho ka manu ma nā mauna, koho i ka alpine a me nā subalpine meadows no ka manu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nui kālā nui, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka manu nomad. Ka helehelena e like me ka minamina me ke kala.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano he manu he nui, ʻo ka kumu nui o ka nalowale i nā ʻōpala i pono e noho ai ka manu. I kēia lā, ʻo ka lehulehu o nā helu mikina 2500 - 10 000 kanaka.
Naʻu ka poʻo kala
Kūpono ka nui o nā ʻano he 12 cm ka lōʻihi, ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino 10 - 13 g. He kōkānika ʻeleʻele i ke poʻo a he kaula keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻāʻī o nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ke kāne. ʻ redʻulaʻula, ka ʻulaʻula, ma kona umauma. ʻAʻohe palelele ka kala o nā wahine.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka minime ʻeleʻele e noho ana ma kahi ākea me nā lāʻau lihilihi, no ka laʻana, ka ʻāina wīwī a me nā pulu. E ʻike ʻia ka manu i waenakonu a ma ka hikina o ʻEulopa; e hoʻoilo ana i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hema a ma ke komohana o kona wahi hānau.
ʻAne a me ka wahine hānai: nā ʻokoʻa nui
Loaʻa nā Minters i ka dimorphism. ʻO nā maile, e like me ke ʻano he nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou plumage ma mua o nā wahine. No laila, he mau makaʻala nui loa a kaulana hoʻi i ka umauma poni-ʻulaʻula, ʻoiai i nā wahine ʻoi aku ka māmā, he melemele-ʻulaʻula. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea hoʻonaninani e like me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo a i ʻole paha, aia i ka plumage o nā kāne. ʻAʻole nā wahine o lākou. ʻO nā poʻe ʻōpiopio e like me nā wahine.
No ka mālama i ka uku, pono ʻoe i kahi pā hale kiʻekiʻe me ka nui he 60 cm ma 30 cm ma 90 cm. Pono e loaʻa i nā poli a i nā mea ʻehā paha.
I ka wā mua, hiki i ka manu ke ʻāʻī a me ka hilahila, akā hiki koke ʻia iā ia ke kanaka, a lilo iā ia i manual. Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu kuikahi kālā mai ka pahu mai a ʻae ʻia e lele a puni ka hale noho - ʻo ka manu e noho kokoke ma ke kanaka.
Pehea e hānai ai i kahi kālā ma ka home?
Ke hoʻomau ʻole nā loina i ka meaʻai, a makemake ʻoluʻolu i ke ʻano maʻamau no nā manu insectivorous. ʻO ka hui me ka nightingale me ka hoʻohui o nā ʻoki hua a me nā huaʻai i kūpono no ka minting. ʻO ka momona loa kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hōmai i ka ʻōpala manu.
Holo mele
I ke kani kani ʻana a ka leo nui o ke auē, ua kani ʻia nā kani "thuja-tui-check-check", "hee-hee-check-check", "yyu-yu-chik-chik." Hoʻowalewale kēia koi i ka wahine e hahai ana a kōkua i ka manu e hōʻailona i kona wahi. E hīmeni nā mele ma nā lāʻau nui a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.
ʻO ka hīmeni koʻikoʻi o nā manu nā manu wikiwiki ʻana a me nā waihona, kahi e holo ai ke kipi, ka ʻaʻī a me ke uʻe. Hiki iā Minters ke hoʻohui a kope aku i nā leo o nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻokani ikaika nā kāne i ka wā hana.
Pīʻī, nāhelehele
He manu ʻuʻuku paha i nā wahi a pau? Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mint i nā wahi nahele me nā mauʻu nahelehele a i ʻole nā pua liʻiliʻi me nā ʻōpio paʻakikī e hoʻohana ʻia e nā manu he additives.
Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o ʻEulopa e koho lākou i nā kahe hauhelili, nā pā nahele kiʻekiʻe, nā puʻu conifous conifous i loaʻa i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe ma loko o 700-2200 mika ma luna o ke kai. kai.
ʻO nā wahi o ka hoʻolaha e hilinaʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano manu. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka meadow mint (ka mea maʻamau) loaʻa ka nui ma Eurasia. A ma ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole ko lākou hoʻoilina mai ka hema ma mua o kahi hōʻailona 43-degere o ka latitu ʻākau.
ʻO nā wahi noho ʻo Mint ma Rūsia nā wahi mai ke Kauka ʻĀkau a Arkhangelsk, a hiki aku i ko lākou mokuna i Kazakhstan (ʻaoʻao komohana), a ma Western Siberia a hiki i ka piko o Yenisei. Makemake ʻo ia i kēia mau ʻano e noho i nā ʻōpala i hui ʻia ʻia. Loaʻa hoʻi iā ia ma nā kihi, nā ala, nā kihi, nā wahi kai, nā wahi noho ʻole, ka ʻike.
Nā hiʻohiʻona leo
ʻO ke mele o ke kālā he grinding gring twittering, trills a creaks, whistles me pau pau ma waena o ke kikowaena, a i kekahi manawa me kekahi mau leo a me nā huaʻōlelo. ʻO nā mele o ka meadow a me nā poʻo a ʻeleʻele i like ke like me kekahi.
ʻO ka pinepine ke mele a kahi mele hīmeni ma luna o ka lālā nui o ka ulu lāʻau a i ʻole ka lāʻau, ma kahi pā, ma nā kumu kiʻekiʻe o ka mauʻu. Hiki i ke mele i ke kahe ʻana o ka mokulele. Pau ke mele ʻana i nā mele ma mua o ka manawa hana, a i nā manawa a pau o ke ao, a ʻo ia hoʻi i ka pō. I ka wā hana ʻana i ka ulu ʻana, e hoʻemi nui ana kēlā ʻano hana.
ʻO nā kūaka a me nā kāhea maʻamau o ka minamina i leo nui ʻole "e nānā", "nānā", "hi-check-check", "yu-chik-chik", etc.
Nā Lāʻau
Hoʻomau pinepine ʻia ka hahai ʻana o ka manu kani ma ka ʻāina, i kahi kaona i uhi maikaʻi ʻia, ma waena o nā mauhelehele, nā lāʻau, nā ʻōpū. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnaka me ka mauʻu maikaʻi, ka mauʻu maikaʻi, a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kaāiʻi me nā ʻala lau o ka lau a mau hulu paha.
ʻO ka maʻamau o ka pili i nā lā he 5-6, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kala i loko o nā kala ma mua o nā mea ʻeleʻele. Ua pena ʻia lākou i nā kala ʻulaʻula, uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula paha. Aia paha he wahi nāwaliwali ma ka hopena blunt. Hāpai ʻia nā hua manu e ka wahine no 13 mau lā. I ke kauwela, hiki i nā pilala he lua.
Mea ʻai
I ka ʻai, manu ʻole kēia manu. Hoʻomaʻo ka manu haneli i nā pepeke, kahi e ʻohi ai i ka mauʻu. ʻO ka nānā pinepine ʻia ʻo Prey mai kekahi mau mea hoʻohui haʻahaʻa. A i ka lewa, hiki i ka moni kālā ke hopu i nā pepeke.
Mai ke waenakonu o ke kauwela lele lākou i nā lālā, mele hīmeni paha i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaka lākou e lele i ka hoʻoilo mai ka hopena o ʻAukake a Kepakemapa.
I ka home, hiki ke hānai iā lākou me nā mea hoʻohuʻuna maʻamau no nā manu insectivorous. ʻO ka meaʻai Nightingale me nā admixtures o nā ʻāpana a me nā hua i kūpono no lākou. ʻO ka ʻono no ka minting ka wīwī palaoa.
I ka hopena
Pono ka lele ʻana o ka minting i ka kahi o nā hapanui. No ka laʻana, ka neʻe ʻana o ka poʻe noho paʻa o ka pae wela o ka ʻāulopa (nā poʻo ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele) e neʻe kokoke loa i nā wahi o ka ʻAmelika a i nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ʻApelika no ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻole noho ka poʻe o nā ʻāina o ʻAsia (ma kahi kālā nui) - noho lākou i ka ʻāina kaiehu.
Haʻalele ka hulumanu
ʻIke ʻia ka Meing minting ma nā wahi āpau, akā ʻoi aku ka makemake i ka noho ʻana i nā wahi o nā ʻano hehelehele like ʻole. ʻIke ʻia ka manu ma nā kihi a me nā wehewehe, nā ʻōpala a me nā wahi lau, nā moʻoono a me nā wahi hoʻokipa.
Noho ka mint i loko o nā ʻulā me nā hua nahelehele a i ʻole mauʻu nahele me nā ʻōpala paʻa, kahi mea e hoʻohana ai ia he additive. Ma ke kūkulu hema o ʻEulopa e koho ʻo ia i nā ʻōpala palupalu, me nā māla alpine, nā kihi o nā nahele coniferous ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 700 a 2200 mika ma luna o ke kai. Ma ka ʻōpū maʻamau e hoʻokō no ka hānai ma nā mahina.
Ke kani nei i ka nahele me nā lāʻau lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.
Ka Migrē o nā Mint Coins
Manu lele Migratory. No ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i nā wahi kūlike o ʻApelika. Lele aku ia i nā wahi hana i hānai ʻia i ka hopena o ka pūnāwai, i uhi ʻia nā ʻōpala i nā lau nahele. E hoʻomaka ana ka haʻalele makahiki ʻana i ʻAukake.
Loaʻa ka ola ola o kahi māla meʻa no 6-8 mau makahiki.