Nui nā salmonid, hoʻokahi keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo, kahi nui, ʻike maikaʻi ʻole a ʻike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻano iʻa. ʻO nā poʻe ʻelele o kēia ʻohana ka pīʻālua ʻia me ka ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi no ka nui, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ka pīhoihoi i ka poʻe lawaiʻa lawaiʻa no ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. ʻAʻole paʻa ke lehelehe keʻokeʻo i ka ukana i ka huki ʻana mai ka wai, a kaʻi ʻana i ka lehelehe, ka lau o ka iʻa.
Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke silhouette o ke poʻo keʻokeʻo me ka poʻo kuʻuna. ke kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke ʻano he herring, a hōʻike wale i ka pauna adipose hōʻike maopopo i kā lākou pili salmon. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia kikowaena i ka helu e like me kā lākou ʻano: i loko o kēlā me kēia loko hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i kāu ʻano kūikawā, no ka laʻana, he 43 wale nō mau ʻano i hōʻike ʻia i nā loko o ke kahawai ʻo Kola. I kēia manawa, ke hana nei ka hana e hoʻohui i nā ʻano like i hoʻokahi ʻano ʻano, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi systematization o nā ʻano iʻa o nā ʻano iʻa o ka ʻohana keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka wehewehe nui o ka ʻohana
Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Lūkia, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi mau ʻano o ka iʻa o kēia ʻohana me ka ʻono maikaʻi loa a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe. ʻO kona wahi noho ʻole a kokoke i nā wahi noho mai ke Kola Kola ma ke komohana a hōʻea i kā Kamchatka Peninsula a me Chukchi ma ka hikina. I kēia iʻa e pili ana i ka salmonakā keokeʻo kāna ʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa ma ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻaʻole i kānalua ka poʻe ʻānō i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka Baikal omul ka ʻula like like. Eia kahi papa inoa pōkole o nā inoa ʻohana keʻokeʻo:
- keʻa keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻenemi Europa (ripus), keʻa keʻokeʻo a me Baltic,
- Whitefish Volkhovsky, Bauntovsky a me Siberian (Pyzhyan), Baikal omul,
- Muksun, Tugun, Valaamka a Chir (chokur).
ʻAʻohe ʻano like o kēia ʻano iʻa like ʻole, akā aia nā lālā a pau o ka ʻohana i nā ʻāpana kala kālā a me nā pupuāʻeleʻele. ʻO ka paʻi momona, ke kahua nui o nā iʻa alimon, he ʻano maʻamau nō hoʻi i ka loko keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o nā wahine ʻo ia nā kaulike, ʻaʻole i ka pānaʻi o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ia he nui a he pāpaʻu melemele.
E like me ka salmon, ʻike ʻia ka keʻokeʻo i ka wai a me ka paakai. ^ E Ha yM. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka iʻa:
- wai hou - lake
- ka lawaiʻa ʻana a ka iʻa ʻulaʻula.
Hālau: nāʻaina keʻokeʻo (25 kiʻi)
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Aia ʻo Sigi i ka papa o ka iʻa lau ʻulaʻula i kū mai ma luna o ka honua i ka hopena o ka manawa Silurian. I ka wā mua, ua hoʻomohala lākou i ka neʻe wikiwiki, a ma hope o ka 150-170 Ma wale nō, ʻike ʻia ka waiwai bony waiwai i hoʻokumu ʻia - aia nā keʻokeʻo. Akā ma mua o ka puka ʻana o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua a me ke ʻano o nā salmonids, ʻo lākou kā kekahi, aia mamao loa ia. ʻO ka hoʻomaka wale ʻana o ka manawa Cretaceous ua puka hou kekahi detachment - like hering. Ua hana lākou i mau kūpuna no nā salmonid, a ua ʻike lākou i waena o ka Cretaceous.
Akā e pili ana i ka hopena ma hope, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā ʻepekema: nā fossils o ke salmon mai kēlā manawa i ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ʻole, a no laila ke mau nei ko lākou ʻano. Aia ka lā mua loa i ka Eocene, aia lākou ma kahi o 55 miliona mau makahiki he iwakālua ia - he iʻa liʻiliʻi ua noho i ka wai wai.
Wikiō: Sig
I ka wā mua, ua ʻike pōkole ʻia nā salmonids, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mau kukala no nā manawa lōʻihi loa, a aia wale nō ma nā papa o antiquity o 20-25 miliona mau makahiki i kū ai, a ʻano nui i hoʻokahi manawa. Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻano o nā ʻano ʻiliʻili e hoʻokokoke ana i kēia au - a i loko o kēia mau ʻāpana ke hele mua nā ʻano keʻokeʻo mua.
The genus name - Coregonus, mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene kahiko "sudut" a "pupil" a no ke kumu nui o ke ʻano haumana i kekahi mau ʻano keʻokeʻo o ka iʻa ma mua. Ua hana ʻia kahi wehewehe ʻepekema e Carl Linnaeus i 1758. I ka huina huina, nā huahelu 68 i nā ʻano he 68 - eia naʻe, e like me nā ʻano like ʻana, he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o lākou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ke kiʻi: He ʻano keʻokeʻo
Hoʻololi ʻia ka Sigi ma waena o ka nui o ka ʻano like ʻole: ʻano like ʻole nā ʻano like ʻole i kekahi mai kekahi, ke ʻano like ʻole nā ʻano like like ʻole o nā ʻano iʻai like like me kēlā me kēia i loko o kahi puʻukū, hiki iā lākou ke manaʻo ʻia he mau ʻelima ʻano ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka huluhulu humpback wale nō, a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ka waha ke hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka laulā nui: ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka puʻu waha, ka hāʻule ʻana o nā niho ma ka iwi maxillary a me kona ʻoki ʻana. Hoʻololi hou nā mea āpau, i kekahi manawa nui. Eia ka laʻana, he gam stamens i loko o kekahi mau loko keʻokeʻo he 15, a ma kahi ʻē aʻe a hiki i 60. ʻO lākou iho he ʻono a lihilihi ʻia, a pōkole a paʻa maoli ke kino o ka iʻa.
Hiki i ka nui o nā iʻa keʻokeʻo ke loli like ʻole, mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ka iʻa nui - a hiki i 90 cm ke lōʻihi a me ke kaupaona o 6 kg. Aia ka loko iʻa, loko a me ka migratory, nā mea kau a me ka ʻai wale i ka plankton: ma ka ʻōlelo, ka like ʻole kā lākou ʻano maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hapa nui o nā ʻano, he ʻano hiʻohiʻona kēia: kino ke alo o ke kino, ʻūlehu ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao, pōpō, nā ʻāpana kala kālā, a me ka hope dorsal kālā. Ma hope o ka hope, he uliuli a he ʻulaʻula paha. Mālamua ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka torso, mālamalama ka ʻulaʻula a i ka palaʻai.
ʻIke maoli nō:He mea maʻalahi ke ia i ka iʻa no ka keʻokeʻo i ka pūnāwai, ke kīloi nei kahi iʻa pōloli i nā mea āpau. ʻAno paʻakikī, akā ʻaʻole i ka nui, e hopu iā ia i ka hāʻule, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uku - ma ke kauwela ua hānai ia i ka momona, lilo a nui a koʻikoʻi. I ke kauwela, uaʻoi loa ka pōpī keʻokeʻo, eia ʻoe pono e koho pono i ka maunu, e hoʻohana i ka pain.
ʻAuhea ke keʻokeʻo?
Hoʻi kiʻi: Whitefish ma Lūkia
Kokoke nō iā ʻEulopa a pau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka māhele ʻāpana o Rūsia, i komo i kāna kikowaena. Noho ʻo ia i loko o ʻĀsia ʻĀina a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.
I Europa, he mea maʻamau loa i nā ʻāpana a i waena, me ka:
Ma Lūkia e noho ana i nā kīʻaha o ka nui o nā kahawai nui e kahe ana i loko o ke kai o ka moana Arctic, a me nā wahi he nui: mai ka muliwai Volkhov ma ke komohana a hiki i Chukotka ponoʻī. Loaʻa nō hoʻi ia ma ka hema, akā ʻoi mau ka pinepine. No ke kumu hoʻohāʻī, noho ma Baikal a me nā loko ʻē aʻe o Transbaikalia. ʻOiai ka hapanui o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo ma ʻAsia e hāʻule ana ma ka ʻāina o Lūkia, e noho ana kēia mau iʻa ma waho, no ka laʻana, ma nā loko o Armenia - no ka laʻana, kiki ka loko iʻa ma ka nui loa o lākou, ʻo Sevan. Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e noho ana nā iʻa ma nā wahi hona ma Kanada, Alaska a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i ka palena ʻākau. ʻO The Great Lakes, a me nā ʻĀina Alpine ma ʻEulopa, i noho mua ia e ka loko keʻokeʻo, akā ma aneʻi ka hapa o ka nui o nā mea i noho mua ʻia ua lilo loa, lilo nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Noho ka Whitefish ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau a i nā loko no ka mea hoʻohui lākou i nā ʻano maikaʻi a lākou e makemake ai: ʻo ka wai i loko o lākou ke kū hoʻokahi, a maʻemaʻe a waiwai hoʻi i ka oxygen. Ke koi nei ʻo Sigi i nā mea a pau ma luna, a inā i haumia ka wai, haʻalele lākou i loko o ka loko i waho a make. Eʻaola hou kēia iʻa, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano e lilo i ka hapa o ka manawa ma ka wai paʻakai, e like me ka ʻoma omul a me Siberian: a hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i nā waha wai a hoʻolilo i ka manawa i nā pahu, a i ʻole iā lākou e ʻauʻa i ka wai i ka ʻaoʻao - akā pono lākou e hoʻi i ka wai hou . ^ E Ha yM.
E lana ka ʻōpio keʻokeʻo i ka pona o ka wai a maʻa mau ke kokoke i kahakai, akā no ka pākeke ke noho hohonu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hohonu o ka 5-7 m, a i kekahi manawa ke hiki i ka lua i loko o ka lua wai a kau pū ka kokoke i ka ʻai wale no ka hānai. Makemake lākou e noho kokoke ma kahi o nā rapids me nā punawai maʻemaʻe.
ʻĀnō ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka keʻokeʻo. E nānā nā mea e ʻai ai ka iʻa.
He aha nā mea a ke keʻokeʻo?
Hiki i ke Sigi ke ʻano kai i lalo ʻole ma lalo o ka meaʻai - a hui pū kekahi kekahi. ʻO ia, hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi no nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, a e komo i ka plankton.
ʻAi ʻia ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo:
Hele pinepine i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi ʻai nui o ka muliwai, hiki i ka ʻai lalo no ka meaʻai, a i ka pau ʻana o ka manawa e hoʻi hou i ka puʻu o nā kahawai, e ʻimi ana i nā wahi o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ke kō. ʻAi pinepine lākou i ka caviar, me ke ʻano o ko lākou ʻano iho, a e ʻai pū nō hoʻi lākou i ke kō o kā lākou ʻano. ʻOi aku ka nui iʻa keʻokeʻo e hōʻeuʻeu ma ka alo ʻole, ma mua o ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kiaʻi aku i ka mea pio mai kahi hoʻohālua. Ka nui ka iʻa, ʻaʻole e holo wikiwiki i ka maunu - i ka manawa mua e nānā ia i kāna ʻano. Hoʻomaʻi pinepine lākou me ka poʻe hipa, no laila ʻaʻole e pakele nā mea a pau. Kūpono ka iʻa keʻokeʻo nui i ka lua ma lalo a kali i ke ahonui a hiki ka lana ʻana iʻa o nā iʻa a hiki iā lākou, ma hope o lākou i hana hewa ai a hopu aku. Hiki i ka mea ʻai ke iʻa aʻa a me ke ʻano nui, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai a me nā ʻohana. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā shigs liʻiliʻi ma ka plankton muliwai, nona nā ʻano mea kanu liʻiliʻi, nā mollusks, nā hua ʻōnaʻo, a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe. ʻAi ke keʻokeʻo e noho ana ma lalo o nā ʻāpana benthos - ke noho nei ma nā loina lalo o nā kahe e like me nā kolo a me nā ʻōpala.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Ma ke ʻākau, he wahi ʻaina keʻokeʻo e like me sugudai a kaulana loa. He mea maʻalahi loa ia e hoʻomākaukau ai: pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā iʻa hou me nā mea ʻala a ma hope wale nō he hapaha hala o ka hola ua hiki iā ʻoe ke 'ai i loko o ka friji.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kuhi: Whitefish ma lalo o ka wai
Hōʻike ʻia ka keʻokeʻo e ka mea huna: mālama mau lākou i ka makaʻala a hoʻāʻo e noho ʻē mai nā iʻa ʻē aʻe o kahi like ʻole, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou nui. Ma ka manawa like, pīhoihoi lākou a hoʻoneʻe i ka iʻa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o lākou mai ka loko wai. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia e ka lawaiʻa: hopu lākou i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā mea liʻiliʻi i ka pūnāwai, kahi e hiki ai ke hālāwai mau, ʻike ʻole lākou e luku ʻia i ka pī. Hoʻākāka lākou i nā lua, ua hōʻiliʻili pinepine i nā pākani o lākou. Hiki paha i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ma luna o lākou, pono wale ʻoe e loaʻa i kēia pūnāwai.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻano loli ka ʻano o ko lākou ʻano a me ke ʻano. Aia ke loko, loko o ka wai a me ka migratory keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole ʻano o nā ʻano o nā luna o kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēlā iʻa e noho ana ma nā loko nui, ma ka ʻāpana, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kahakai, pelagic a me ke kai hohonu. Ka mea, e noho kokoke i ka loko o kahakai kokoke i kahakai a kokoke i ka nānā i ka wai - ʻoi aku lākou he mau ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻili liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā iʻa ʻōpio wale nō, i ka pelagic - ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao a me ka lalo, hohonu o ke kai - ma ka lalo loa, maʻamau i loko o ka lua, ka mea pinepine ʻo ia ka nui maʻa.
Hoʻoholo kēia i ka ʻano o ka iʻa, a me ke keʻokeʻo moana hohonu a me kāna mau hana e like me ke ʻano o kahi kahakai; pono e ʻike ʻia lākou. Hiki i ka ola ola keʻokeʻo ke lilo i 15-20 mau makahiki, akā ma ka haʻahaʻa e haʻahaʻa ana, a ʻo ka manawa pinepine ka hopu ʻia ʻana o nā iʻa o 5-10 mau makahiki. ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi, i ka manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā stamen keʻokeʻo, a noho lōʻihi.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
ʻO ke kiʻi: he mea like ka loko keʻokeʻo?
Ke lilo nei nā kāne i keʻokeʻo i ka moekolohe i ka makahiki ʻelima o ke ola, a ʻo nā wahine keu hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻelua paha ma hope. Hoomaka ka manawa kikoʻī i loko o ka hāʻule, i ka lua o ka mahina o Kepakemapa a hiki ke lōʻihi a hiki i ka hopena o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. I kēia manawa, ke neʻe nei ka iʻa i loko o nā hipa nui mai ka loko i nā kahawai, a i ʻole e piʻi a i ʻole nā kahawai o nā muliwai nui.
Kohoʻe ma nā wahi āu i hānau ai lākou iho. ʻO ka maʻamau kahe wai, ʻo ka pānaʻi wai maikaʻi loa he 2-5 degere. Hoʻokuʻu ka wahine i 15-35 tausani hua, maʻa no kēia e koho i kahi wai hoʻihoʻi maikaʻi i loko o nā mea kanu. Ma hope o ke kahe ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole make nā kāne a me nā wahine - hiki iā lākou ke feʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Akā ʻaʻole nā mākua i ka mālama caviar ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hakakā ʻana, holo kahe wale lākou. Mālama wale nā honu ʻokiʻoki i liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke kenimika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka papa hana ma ka mahina ʻoi aku ka malama a me ka hapa. I ka mua, e noho kokoke ana nā palu ma kahi kokoke i ka wahi i hānau ʻia ma kahi hipa a hoʻomohala i ka plankton, inā he loko a he wai wai mālie hoʻi ia. Inā ua ʻike lākou i loko o ka wai, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ke ʻano o kēia manawa iā lākou a hiki i kahi nuku i kahi wahi mālie.
Ke ulu lākou i ka 3-4 cm, lilo lākou i palaoa, hoʻomaka e ʻai i nā hua lāʻau pepeke a me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. E hoʻomaka ana ka makahiki keʻokeʻo e neʻe me ka hoʻōla ma ka kahawai, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻimi no ka waiwai i ʻoi aku - mai ia manawa, ua lilo lākou i nā hōʻailona nui o ka pākeke.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe keʻokeʻo
ʻOkoʻa paha ka nui o nā ʻenemi o nā keʻokeʻo pāpaʻa maʻamau ma muli o kona nui a me ke kaʻi ʻula e noho ai. I kekahi manawa ka neʻe ʻana i kēia iʻa i nā wahi āpau ʻē aʻe, a laila ola pilikino wale ʻia. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o lākou, a ʻo lākou iho iho ʻaʻole nui loa, pēlā ka nui o ka iʻa kikoʻī nui i luna o lākou, e like me ka pike, ka iʻa, nā manu.
ʻOiai, hele kekahi mau hoʻoweliweli mai ka wai no ke keʻokeʻo pakeke. Pilikia ka hapanui o ka poʻe no lākou, no ka mea, lawe ʻia ka lawaiʻa ikaika i kēia mau iʻa, i kekahi manawa koho ʻia ke ʻano bait no lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui i ka hoʻoilo, ke ʻano ʻo ka keʻokeʻo i waena o ka iʻa a me ka ʻoihana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia ma ka puʻuwai no ka palaoa a me ka caviar. ʻO kā lākou pīpī e aloha ai e ʻai, a ʻo kā lākou ʻōpio e ʻai ana i ka caviar. Ua lilo pinepine kēia mau pepeke i ka papa nui e pale i ka keʻokeʻo mai ka pua ʻana i ka wai ʻauʻau a kāpae i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe iʻa mai ia wahi. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo nā hoa paio no ka pīkī, nā puʻuwai wai, nā kala kala, nā pahū. Hiki i ka poʻe hope ke pepehi wale i ka hānau hānau ʻole wale nō, akā ke ulu wale nō hoʻi i ka iʻa ʻōpio - nā mea ʻona o ka ʻili i ka iʻa. Mālama wale ka ʻai a nā leʻalopona i ka palaoa polu.
ʻAno ʻAmelika, e like me nā baki, nā mea hou, ua ʻōpio kekahi - ka ʻai ʻana i ka pāʻani a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, a me ko lākou mau puna no ka caviar. Aia kekahi pūlū pōʻino: nā pipi hānai no ka pēpē, a me nā loio a me nā ʻīlio manuahi hiki ke hoʻouka i ka pākeke, inā he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO kekahi pōʻino ʻē aʻe ʻo ia nā helminths. Hoʻonui pinepine ʻo Sigi i ka helminthiasis ma mua o ka hapa o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, maʻamau ka hoʻonāʻana o nā parasites i loko o kā lākou mauʻaoʻao a me nā huki. I mea e ʻike ʻole ʻia ai, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka ʻiʻo.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kuhi: Whitefish River Fish
Hoʻokahi ka huaʻī he nui i nā mea nui, a ʻokoʻa ʻē ko lākou kūlana: ʻaʻole i weliweli kekahi poʻe i ʻole a i ʻole nā palena ma kā lākou hopu, aia kekahi ma ka palena o ka hānai. I nā wahi kaiāulu Lūkini, kahi ʻoi ka loko o ka ʻulaʻula nui, akā puka mai kahi ʻano maʻamau: hāʻule ka nui o kona nui ma nā wahi āpau. Ma kekahi mau muliwai a me nā loko, aia kahi nui o kēia iʻa ma mua, ʻo kēia mau kānaka ka lehulehu i hiki ʻole i ka noho mua ʻana. A ʻo ka iʻa ke ʻano i ka hopu ʻia, a ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka ʻona, no ka mea, he mea nui loa ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai.
Akā no ka laulā o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa no kēlā me kēia. Eia kekahi laʻana, ua pālahalaha ka hale kūʻai Europa ma kēia manawa a ʻo kona heluna kanaka i nā kahawai o ʻEulopa ʻaʻole pilikia o ka pōʻino. ʻO ka like me ka ʻula, ke noho nui nei nā muliwai Siberia a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hoʻomau lākou i ka hopu ʻana i nā pygian ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Rūsia - a hiki i kahi manawa i kū ʻia ai nā pilikia me nā helu ʻehā, ma ka hikina - ma Siberia, Chukotka, Kamchatka, a me Kanada hoʻi, hoʻomau lākou mau ka hopu iā chira, a hiki i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻoweliweli iā ia.
No ka pili ʻana o ka loko keʻokeʻo Atlantika no ka nui o nā ʻano hanana, no ka mea, ua emi ka nui o ko lākou heluna ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ikaika, no laila ua kau ʻia nā mea paʻa. Hoʻopilikia pū ʻia kekahi o ka loko iʻa maʻamau, i hāpai ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano maʻamau o ka ʻano ʻano. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka keʻokeʻo maʻamau, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea i loko o ka Red Book.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka ʻaina keʻokeʻo, he iʻa momona, a no laila he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hōʻoia hou he hou.
Nā kiaʻi keʻokeʻo
Kiʻi ʻ :lelo
Eia ke kūlana e like me ka nui o nā kānaka: ʻae ʻia kekahi mau ʻōiwi e hopu manuahi ʻia, aia kekahi e pale ʻia e ke kānāwai. ʻO ke ʻano o nā palena ʻāina i ka mea i ʻāpono ʻia: hiki ke ʻae ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole i hopu ʻia i kekahi ʻāina a i pāpā ʻia i loko o kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai lākou i ka like me ka kahe like.
Ma Lūkia, ua pale ʻia nā ʻano he nui. No laila, ua hōʻemi nui ka nui o ka loko iʻa ʻo Volkhov ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kahi hale kō i kahi ʻōnaehana hydroelectric ma luna o ke kahawai i ka makahiki 1926 - ua pāpā ʻia ka iʻa mai ke komo ʻana i nā kahua o nā kuʻuna, a mai ia manawa e mālama ʻia ko lākou lehulehu e ka mālama kūlohelohe. Mālama ʻia ka loko o ka momona ʻōpala e noho ana ma Transbaikalia: ma mua, ua lawe ʻia ka lawaiʻa ikaika, a ua hopu ʻia nā haneli haneli o kēia iʻa. Mālama ʻia nā loko iʻa maʻamau i kekahi mau wahi o ka Lūkia.
ʻElima mau ʻano noho i loko o nā kaila o Koryak Autonomous Okrug i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe kahi i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi a pau, a me kēia āpau e pale ʻia ai e ke kānāwai: ua hopu maoli lākou i ka wā ma mua, ma muli o ia ʻano o ka nui o ka haua o kēlā me kēia o kēia ʻano. Inā maʻa mau lākou i mālama ʻia ma ka ʻāina o ka mea e mālama ai, ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nei kēia mana ma luna o nā wahi i lawaiʻa ʻia o kēia mau iʻa ma waho.
Pahu ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o nā ʻano iʻa keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe: he nui loa nā holoholona a me nā mokuʻāina a lākou e noho nei e papa inoa i nā mea āpau. ʻO nā hana e kākoʻo ai i ka lehulehu he ʻokoʻa: ka palena a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka hopu ʻana, hana ʻia i nā wahi i pale ʻia, ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā kuʻuna, hoʻopiʻi lawaiʻa kūlohelohe.
ʻEnēnē - he ʻono loa ka iʻa, ʻoiai e noho ana ma nā mokuna ʻākau, kahi i ʻole ai nui nā mea e pono ai, no laila e waiwai nui ʻia. Ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ikaika, ua lilo nui kekahi mau ʻano ʻoihana keʻokeʻo, no laila e koi ʻia nā hana e pale ae hoʻihoʻi i ka poʻe. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻae hou i kona hoʻohemo ʻana, inā ʻaʻole e nalowale nā kaila ʻākau i nā kānaka koʻikoʻi.
Noho ʻemona
He ākea ka noho ʻana o kēia mau iʻa. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana salmon ma ka mokupuni o ka Pākīpika a me ʻAmelika, a me nā wai wai i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka Hemolele. Aia nā māka lawaiʻa nui loa no kēia mau ʻano iʻa ma Kamchatka, Sakhalin a me nā Kuril Islands.
ʻO ka hapa nui, he iʻa kālepa a waiwai nui kēia o ka ʻohana salmon; ʻo ka ʻohi ʻana, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna aʻe, ke lawe ʻia nei ʻaʻole wale no ka ʻiʻo ʻai, akā no ka caviar ulaula wale nō.
Hōʻano ʻano
ʻO ka iʻa ʻohana Salmon kekahi hoʻokahi hiʻohiʻona. Aia ka mea i loaʻa i kekahi ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano, ʻo ka iʻa o ke kai ʻākau o ka ʻohana salmon, e hele mai i ka wai i loko o nā kahe wai. ʻO kekahi laʻana, loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka Pākīpika i nā kahawai o ka Teritori o Kamchatka. I loko o kēia manawa, hoʻololi ke ʻano o nā iʻa ma waho o ka ʻike, ʻokoʻa a ʻokoʻa ia i ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ke ʻano. A ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai i kēia manawa. No laila, hopu ka iʻa i ka wā e pāpā ʻia
Kokoke ʻia nā luke āpau a puni ʻia ke kino ma hope. Eia kekahi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻohana salmon mai nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o kahi laina lateral.
ʻO nā ʻano o nā iʻa i pili i ka ʻohana salmon
Aia i loko o nā iʻa o kēia ʻano ʻai he ʻelua wai wai a me ka migratory. E like me kēia papa inoa, loaʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā subspecies. He aha ka moʻo ʻohana ʻohana?
- ʻĀmanani a ʻUlani paha.
- ʻEnēnē.
- Nelma.
- ʻEnēnē.
- ʻŌmole saloni.
- Kāhea Coho
- Chum.
- Kālā huaola Chinook.
- Paʻoma ʻula.
- Kahi Kahi.
ʻO ka weheweheʻana i ka iʻa salmon. Salemona
E noʻonoʻo pono mākou i nā mea iʻa o ka ʻohana salmon. E wehe ana ka papa inoa me ka salmon ʻākau (hanohano) a me nā salmon paha. ʻO kēia mau ʻīa nui a nani a iʻa i loko o ke kahakai ʻo Keokeʻo. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o kēia ʻenehana o nā salmon he mea ʻono loa a ʻoluʻolu wale, i ʻulaʻula. He waiwai nui i nā ʻano momona a me nā waiola. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Salmon e kona nui nui, ʻo kona lōʻihi a hiki i 1,5 mika me ke kaumaha o 40 kg. Ma ka waiwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻiʻo salmon ma mua o nā mea āpau o ka ʻohana salmon.
Uhi ʻia ke kino o ke kīmona me nā ʻāpana kala liʻiliʻi; ʻO kēia iʻa o ka ʻohana salmon kai ʻai i nā crustaceans a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i ke kai. I ka wā e hele aiʻo ia i ka spail, ke kī ʻo ia i ka ʻai a no laila e pau ka momona nui. Ma ka hana o ka lau, ua loli nui ka hiʻohiʻona o ka salmon: ʻeleʻele ke kino o ka iʻa, nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula. I nā kāne, ua loli kekahi ʻōpio; ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao o luna, he ʻano huaʻi likrato, e komo ana i ka ʻōpū o ka iwi haʻahaʻa.
Pālua ka Salmon i ka hāʻule, i kekahi mau wahi a i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mahana o ka wai ma nā papa spawning ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 6 tikeleka Celsius, no laila ke hele mālie nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hua. ʻAi wale i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōmole i ka huki mai i nā hua a laila no ka manawa lōʻihi e noho i ka wai hou. ʻAʻole like ʻo ka poʻe ʻōpio e like me ko lākou mau mākua makua - he motile a me nā iʻa ʻoniʻoni. Ma hope o 5 mau makahiki, ua hoʻokokoke lākou i nā Estuaries a hiki i ka nui o 9-18 cm, hele i kai. I kēia manawa, ua uhi ʻia ko lākou kino me nā paona kālā.
ʻEnēnē
Noho ke keʻokeʻo ma loko o ke kai ʻo Caspian. E like me nā ʻelele he nui o nā ʻano salmon, he ʻeleʻele a me nā pōkulu nā loko. ʻO kēia kaona ʻākau o ka ʻohana salmon, e like me ka holo ʻana o ka salmon a pau, he predator. I ke kai, hānai i nā kaikunāne liʻiliʻi: ka hipa, nā ʻāpana, a me nā mea kanu a me nā mea hihiu. I ka wā mālama o ia, ʻaʻole ia eʻai i nā mea ʻole i loko o nā kahawai a no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha; ʻo ka momona o ka momona i ka ʻiʻo i kēia manawa ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka 2%.
ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea iʻa koʻikoʻi nui o ka iʻa. ʻO kāna ʻai i kahi haʻahaʻa calorie haʻahaʻa loa. Ua koho ke keʻokeʻo i ka muliwai o Volga a me kāna mau punahele e like me ka lepo spawning. Ke kiʻi nei i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka mika, ke kaupaʻa ʻia mai 3 a 14 kg, me ke aniani o nā wahine - 8,6 kg, nā kāne - 6 kg. E lilo i Whitefish i moepono i ka 6-7 mau makahiki o kona mau makahiki.
Nelma
ʻO Nelma kahi pilina pili o nā ʻano mua. ʻO ka hale noho ʻia nā ipu wai o nā muliwai ʻo Ob a me Irtysh. He paonaʻo 3 a 12 mau keke (he nui nō kekahi ma muli o ke kaupaona ʻana a hiki i 30 kg) a ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 130 cm. ʻO Nelma e hōʻike nei he ʻohana o ka iʻa salmon, ke kiʻi ma ka ʻatikala e hōʻike nei i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana. Loaʻa iā ia nā kaulike kala, nui caviar. He iʻa ʻano līwī nui kēia. E hiki ana i ka wā ulu i nā makahiki 8 a 18 paha makahiki, e pili ana i ka noho. ʻAʻole kūʻokoʻa like nā mea maʻamau i ka lole i ka wā o ka lawena. Nui ka nui o ka waha o kēia iʻa iʻa, e like me ka salmon. A hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano ʻoi ʻana i ka pili ʻana i ka manuma me ka salmon a me ka keʻokeʻo. I ka ʻōlelo o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo nelma me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻEnēnē
Aia kekahi pūʻulu nui i ka loko o ka ʻohana salmon, ka papa inoa o kēia mau ʻano penei:
- Omul.
- Tugun.
- Palapala Siberian (Ob herring).
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino o ke kīniha i hope ma hope, a ʻo ke ʻano o nā ʻāhā ke hilinaʻi i ka mea ʻai. I ke kūlohelohe, ʻelua mau mākaʻi liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano (ʻo ka mea kūʻai aku ma kahi o 400 g) a me nā mea nui (no ka laʻana, ʻo ke ʻolua ma mua o 3 kg). ʻO kahi mea kupaianaha: ma hope o ka lawaiʻa, hoʻi hou ka ʻaha i kona wahi - i ka lalo o nā kahawai. Ke keʻokeʻo a ʻoluʻolu ka ʻiʻo o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo. Ma muli o kona ʻono e hilinaʻi i kahi o ka hopu. ʻO ka harsher ka noho mua, ka tastier i ka ʻiʻo.
ʻAmene ʻAmelika a me ka Pākīpika Helene
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka ʻelele Far East a me ka Pākīpika o ka manu o ka iʻa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i ka ʻohana salmon e pili ana: salmon pink, chum salmon, sockeye salmon, chinook salmon, coho salmon. ʻO ka hope loa o ka iʻa momona haʻahaʻa - 6%. Ma muli o ko lākou helehelena, kapa pinepine ʻia ka choho salmon i ka salmon kālā (i ka wā kahiko - nā iʻa keʻokeʻo). Hiki iā ia ke kaupaona o ke kaupaona o 14 kg, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 80 cm. Akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kānaka he nui o ka nui, ʻona ke 7-8 kg, hele aku ma ke kūʻai aku. Holo ka huamalo ʻo Coho ma mua o nā ʻōmole a pau - mai Sepatemaba a Malaki, i kekahi manawa ma lalo o ka hau. I ka wā spawning, ʻoi aku ka wahine a me nā kāne o ke kauā coho salimona. I loko o ke kai, he nohona nui kona noho ʻana a ʻo ia i 2-3 mau makahiki i ka wā i ulu aʻa ʻia. ʻO kēia ka ʻelele termmophilic o ka salmon Pākīpika. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua iho nui ka nui o ke kime saloho.
ʻO ka salmon Pink kahi iʻa i pae mua ma luna o ka lawaiʻa no ke kumu kūʻai. ʻO kāna ʻai he momona momona e pili ana i 7,5%. Akā ʻo ka salmon mākona kekahi ʻo ka iʻa liʻiliʻi loa o kēia ʻohana, ʻo kona paona ka ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 2 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kanaka e pili ana i 70 cm. Ua uhi ʻia kona kino me nā paʻu liʻiliʻi. I ke kai, ua paʻi ʻia i ka kala kala, uhi ʻia ka huelo me nā wahi liʻiliʻi pōkole. I nā muliwai, ke loli nā kala o ka ʻalaka ʻulaʻula: nā poloka pōʻeleʻele i uhi i ke poʻo a me nā ʻaoʻao. I ka wā hana o ka spawning, ulu ka hump i nā kāne, hoʻonui nā laka a paʻa. ʻO nā iʻa nani i kēia manawa ke lilo wale i kino.
ʻO ka Chinook i ka helehelena ka like me ke kauā nui. ʻO ia ka waiwai nui a me ka nui o nā iʻa o ka Far East o ka salmon. ʻO ka nui o ka salmon chinook a hiki i 90 cm. Ua uhi ʻia ke kua, ke kāʻei a me ka ʻoi dorsal me nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. I ke kai, hiki i kēia holoholona iʻa ke ola mai 4 a 7 mau makahiki. He kumuhana i kēia aloha nā ʻohana salmon. Ua kanu ola ʻo Salmon sadayana i ka wā i ola a make a make ma hope iho.
ʻO ka mokumaua ʻo Chum kekahi iʻa momona haʻahaʻa. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka momona momona i ka ʻiʻo ma mua o ka salmon a pink. He nunui kahi ʻano nui a pālahalaha kēia a me ka ʻohana ʻohana Far East salmon. Hiki iā ia ke lōʻihi i kahi lōʻihi o mua o 1 mika. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Keta no kona mau kaila ʻalani nui.
ʻO ka lole ke kai i kāhea ai ka iʻa a ka ʻohana salmon ua kālai ʻia i ke kālā, ʻaʻohe hala ʻole a he wahi paha. I nā muliwai, hoʻololi ka iʻa i kona kala ke aniani ʻulaʻula me nā ʻōpala raspberryʻeleʻele. I ka wā spawning, ʻeleʻele loa ke kino o ke chum. Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā niho, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā kāne. A lilo ka ʻiʻo i ka ʻaina ʻole, ʻōpala a ʻulaʻula. Hoʻomaʻa ka iʻa no ka kiola ʻana i nā hua no 3-5 mau makahiki o ke ola. Aia i loko o nā kahawai o Siberia:
Paʻoma ʻula
E noʻonoʻo i kekahi ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā ʻelele o ka Far East, he iʻa kēia o ka ʻohana salmon - sockeye salmon. He mea hoihoi ia i ka mea i loaʻa i ke kai he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia he iʻa ʻulaʻula. He ʻiʻo maikaʻi loa kāna ʻiʻo. A i ka wā spawning, ua keʻokeʻo ia. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o kēia ʻelele o ka ʻohana salmon ma mua o 80 cm, ʻo ka paona awelika mai 2 a 4 kg. ʻAʻole maʻamau ʻo Sockeye salmon i ko mākou ʻāina e like me ka salmon pink a me ka salum chum. Komo ia i nā muliwai o Kamchatka, Anadyr, nā nāhe o ko Kuril mau Mokuna.
ʻO ka iʻa ʻulaʻula kahi i aloha anu i ka salmon. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike iā ia i loko o ke kai, kahi e nui ai ka mahana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela o ka mahana. He liʻiliʻi iki ka caviar Sockeye - 4.7 mm, ʻulaʻula nui. He kūpono loa ke kapa kāʻei sockeye: he ʻulaʻula a hope ke kua, a he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke poʻo, he koko-koko. Nā palaʻai ma nā loko a ma nā wahi e puka mai ai ka wai. ʻO ka maʻa ʻula ʻōpio ka mea pinepine i ka makahiki 5-6 o ke ola. I ke kai, he mea hānai nui i nā crustaceans o ka fauna.
Kahi Kahi
ʻIke ʻia kēia iʻa o ka ʻohana salmon ma Onega, Ladoga Lakes a me nā kino wai wai o Karelia a me ke Kola Peninsula, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o nā paʻi o ka Baltic a me ke Kaiʻula. Hele mai ka Trout i nā ʻano like ʻole:
- ʻIshlelo Kolikāne
- Alpine.
- ʻEulopa.
- ʻAmelika
- Kahawai.
- Lake.
- Kao.
Makemake ʻo ia i nā iʻa wai o ka ʻohana salmon i nā wahi hoʻuanu me ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻĀnō ʻāpana kūahi a me ke kala a me ke ʻano. ʻO nā ʻōhumu o kēia ʻano kāmele i mea lōʻihi ke lilo i mea hoʻomohala pono i ka hānai a me ka meaʻai. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Brook trout me ka pestle no ka mea e waiho ona i ka aniani; ʻo ka inoa o ke kai he inoa lua - trout.
Ulu ka Pestle i ka nui o 25 cm a kaupaona a hiki i 500 g, makemake ʻo ia i ka wai wikiwiki a me ke anu. Pālua i ka wā hoʻoilo a i ka hoʻoilo. Kahi trout ke kala me nā wahi ʻeleʻele nui. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia ʻano salmon ma mua o ka wai kahawai. Hiki lākou i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 50 cm a kaupaona a hiki i 1.5 kg (ʻoiai ke ulu nei kekahi poʻe e 8 kg i ka paona). ʻO ka kehi wai hehi mai ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa a Ianuali, ma muli o ke kino wai, ma luna o nā kahawai me kahi ʻōpala o lalo, a i loko o nā loko paha, ma nā wahi i kālai ʻia ai nā kī. ʻO nā mea kanu trout - nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke a me nā hua ʻōiwi, nā holoholona invertebrate. ʻEleʻele ka ʻiʻo ʻaʻa i ka helehelena, akā me ka leʻaleʻa a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi e like me nā ʻelele a nā ʻelemona, ʻo ka hoʻohui, he mea pono hoʻi ia.
ʻO ka momona momona a maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka caviar ʻulaʻula nui i hana i ka ʻohana salmon he ʻano kālepa kaulana. Hoʻokele ka waiwai ʻole i kēia iʻa. Ma muli o kēia, ua helu nui nā ʻano salmon i loko o ka Red Book a ma lalo o ka hoʻomalu aupuni.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā koho
ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau no ka ʻohana āpau ke ola i loko o kahi pā, i haku ʻia e like me ka makahiki o nā kānaka. ʻOi aku ka makemake o Whitefish i ka wai anuanu, hoʻonui ʻia me ka oxygen, nona nā mea i nā loina kahawai a hohonu hoʻi i loko o ka loko. I kēia hihia, hiki i ka ʻohana keʻokeʻo ke hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻelele o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe mai ka lua. E like me ke kapu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kahakai.
Loaʻa nā māla kala i loko o ka iʻa, ʻike ʻia ka ʻohana i nā makahiki he ʻekolu mau makahiki, a ma kekahi mau pua, a he ʻelua a ma hope paha. Hoʻomaka ka moana a me ka wai iʻa ma lalo o nā kūlana like - ʻo lākou āpau, me nā loko wai, e piʻi i luna o nā kahawai a me nā lākou waiwai. Mālama ʻo ka iʻa i ka hāʻule i ka wā e maloʻo ai ka wai ma lalo o elima mau kekelē. ʻO nā kumu pākaʻi he mau hohonu hohonu a me nā wai mālie o nā kahawai, nā pali. Eia, mālama nā caviar a hiki i ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e puka ai nā palaoa i nā hua me ka wai mahana.
ʻO ka ʻai o ka ʻohana keʻokeʻo, e like me nā mea āpau o nā holoholona, nā ʻano kai mai i nā holoholona: nā vertebrate a me nā invertebrate iniseti (pōpū, nā pua a me nā ʻōpua, nā kika manu a me nā pīpī ʻālei), nā launa liʻiliʻi a me nā mollusks, nā caviar. Aia i ka makahiki a, e like me, ka nui o ka mea predator ponoi, kuhi ʻo ia i ka iʻu ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ia. Akā aia ma waena o ka poʻe aloha i ka ʻai i nā mea ʻai i hoʻolaʻa ʻia mai ka lalo, a me nā ʻenehore - hapalua.
ʻO ko lākou ola e pili ana i ʻelua haneli let, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa o ka hapalua makahiki. ʻO ka keʻokeʻo nui loa ka maʻamau ʻoi aku ma kahi o ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi, a ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā makahiki ʻōpio liʻiliʻi - mai hoʻokahi a i ka hapa he decimeter.
Nā ʻano ʻulaʻula
Ma ke kānāwai, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā loko iʻa i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa e like me ke kūlana o ko lākou waha. Hiki ke kau i ka waha i luna - ka waha o luna, i mua - ʻo ia a me ka lalo - i ka waha i lalo.
ʻO nā waha liʻiliʻi ma luna he iʻa liʻiliʻi e ʻai ai i nā mea a lākou e ʻike ai ma kahi o ka wai. He mau inikua kēia a me ka invertebrates. ʻO ka iʻa me ka waha o luna ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ka ʻenehana Eropa (ripus) a me kekahi Siberian nui. Aia ka hapa o ka hope he hapa hapa kapita ka lōʻihi, e noho ana ma nā wahi e kahe ana nā wai i loko o nā wai paʻakai o ke kai, a aneane ʻaʻole loaʻa i loko o nā loko. He ʻāpana ʻāpana, ʻo kēia ka mea e noho ana i nā loko. ʻO nā huahana kūʻai ʻelua.
ʻO Sigi me kahi waha ma mua (ʻokoʻa) e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa. He loko nui ʻo Omul, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua mika ke lōʻihi e ola ana, e like me ke kūʻai ʻana, i nā wahi o nā kai a me nā ʻāpana o ka muliwai e kahe ana i ka moana, kahi i lele ai. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻula pū me ka iʻa a me ka iʻa liʻiliʻi. He ʻano loko keʻokeʻo ʻo Baikal omul. ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe-ʻona ka loko o ka iʻa iʻa (ʻīwī), ʻaʻole ia e komo i ka wai kai, akā he nui ka nui a me ka ʻula, ʻo kona lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma ka hapalua mika. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia ʻo ia i loko o nā hale noho no nā South South, eia ʻole kona mau ʻāpana. Aia kekahi ʻohana liʻiliʻi o nā keʻokeʻo me kahi kūpaʻa palena - tugun, e noho nei ma nā kahawai o Siberia. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona lōʻihi ma mua o iwakālua kenimita.
Sigi me ka waha haʻahaʻa hoʻi noho i nā hale noho o Rūsia, ʻehiku mau ʻano. Akā i kēia manawa, ke hana nei kēia hana e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou, ʻaʻole ia he kumu no ka ʻike i luna o lākou.
Pau nā lau
Kahai manu keʻokeʻo - i ka inoa, he kanaka i loko o nā kahawai, kahi e loaʻa ai i ke kai a i kahi wai nui paha i ka wā e neʻe ai i ka ukaʻi. ʻO kona kaumaha maʻamau ma kahi o hoʻokahi kilokilo, ʻaʻole nui ma mua o ʻelua kilamu. I loko o nā loko i laila nā wahi a nā kahena keʻokeʻo i nā manawa a pau o ka makahiki e alakaʻi ai i ke ola wai. ʻOiai ʻo ia ke kai a he migratory keʻokeʻo i pīkī ʻia i ka ola wai. ʻO Caviar ma kēia ʻano o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo he nui - a ʻoi aku a 50 tausani mau hua a ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka caviar trout.
ʻO ka ʻoneka Pechora, ka ʻenehana kaulana loa, no ka mea ua olelo ʻia ma luna nei, peled, chir.Pelyad ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka hapalua mika ʻOi aku ka nui o ka chir, hiki ke kaupaona a ʻumi ʻki mau, noho ma nā roto o ke kahawai ʻo Pechora a me nā kahawai.
Paʻi ʻia ʻo Baikal omul ka paona a ʻehiku kilograms, ʻo kāna meaʻai he crustaceans liʻiliʻi o ka epishura, me ka nui o nā mea e hele ai e ʻai ai i nā iʻa iʻa. Hoʻomaka i ka mahina o Kepakemapa, ulu ʻo omul i nā kahe, hoʻomākaukau no ka spawning. Ma nā wahi o nā mokulele spawning, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā subspecies o ka Baikal omul:
- Angarsk - ʻoi hoʻi ka ʻelemakule mau makahiki ʻelima, akā me ka neʻe lohi ʻana,
- Selenginsky - hiki i nā makahiki he ʻehiku, ke ulu wikiwiki nei,
- ʻO Chivyrkuisky - e ulu wikiwiki nei, e hele i ka pua ma ka ʻOkakopa.
Ua pau ka hāmila ʻana ʻo Omul i ka wā i kū ʻia ai kahi pahuhopu ma luna o ka wai a kau hoʻi i ka Lake Baikal no ka hoʻoilo. I hoʻokahi manawa, hopu ʻia nā iʻa e ka lawaiʻa o nā lawaiʻa, a ua hōʻemi nui ʻia kona nui, ʻānō e hana ana nā hana i nā ʻanā hana ulu.