Hazel loea, a i ole mousetrap (lat. Muscardinus avellanarius) - kahi makua kahi ʻohana o ka papa hiamoe o ka rodents.

Kāleka

ʻO kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo Hazel kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me ka squirrel miniature. ʻO aneane ka nui o kahi mika: ka lōʻihi o ke kino 15 cm, ke kaupaona 15-25 g. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea hiamoe hiamoe. He lōʻihi ka huʻu, 67.7 cm, me kahi kuʻekuʻe ma ka hope. He palaka iki ka muzzle, liʻiliʻi nā pepeiao, hoʻopuni, ka lōʻihi ka ʻōpū a hiki i ka 40% o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO ka dormouse Hazel ka nui o nā koina kūlia i waena o nā dormouse, kahi i hōʻike ʻia i ka hāmeʻa o ko lākou manamana lima. Aneane like ʻole nā ​​manamana lima he lahilahi ko ka wāwae, liʻiliʻi iki ka wāwae i mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe a pili pū kekahi iā lākou. Ke neʻe nei ka ʻaoʻao ma nā lālā, huli ke aniani i nā ʻaoʻao a kokoke i nā kihi kūpono.

ʻO ka kala o ke kino o luna o ka dornouse hazel he ocher-ʻula, i kekahi manawa me ka tula ulaula, ʻoi ka lalo o ka lalo i kahi tuke kaʻu. Aia he mālamalama, aneane keʻokeʻo paha ma ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Ke keʻokeʻo loa nā lima. Kahiʻeleʻele ka palena o ka huelo a i ʻole, i ka aniani, māmā.

Kālā

ʻO ka Hazel dormouse ka maʻamau ma nā ululāʻau poʻokela a hoʻāla ʻia o ʻEulopa a me Turkey kūkulu nui, aia i ʻike ʻia ma Sweden hema a me Pelekane. ʻO ka maʻamau ma ʻEulopa hema, ʻaʻole wale ma Sepania. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka laulā dormouse hazel e komo ai i ka ʻāina o Russia. Ua paia ʻia ia e ka pua paʻa mai ka Baltic ma o ka Dnieper o luna, ma ka muliwai. Oka i ka waena waena o Volga. Loaʻa ka Hazel dormouse i ka Caucasus a me Ciscaucasia. Loaʻa pinepineʻia ka Hazel dormouse ma ka māhele Lūkini o ka pālahalaha.

Ke noho maʻamau

Noho ʻo Hazel dormouse i nā ulu lāʻau make a me ka palu, e noho ana i nā wahi me ka punawai waiwai nui a i lalo hoʻi mai ka hazel, rose hips, euonymus, ka lehu mauna, nā ʻoni manu, viburnum a me nā kumulāʻau a me nā hua pua a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, e hoʻolako ana i nā holoholona me kahi waihona forage. a me nā kūlana palekana palekana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke ala o nā ululāʻau a i ʻole ka'āina paha, ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā kahe, nā mea ʻike nui ʻana. Ua piʻi nā mauna i ka 2000 m ma luna o ke kai. Ma nā ʻāina ʻo Yaroslavl a me Vladimir, makemake nui nā sony i nā nahele deciduous me ka nui o ka linden, ka lehu a me ka oak. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Volga, hiki ke loaʻa ka dormouse hazel i loko o nā ulu coniferous me ka nui o ka hoʻopulapula o nā ʻano deciduous a ākea ākea.

Noho ka Hazel dormouse i ka lepo o lalo, ulu i nā mea e ulu a me nā mea i ʻoi loa ma nā lālā ʻoi loa. Hoʻoikaika mai kakahiaka a hiki i kakahiaka. ʻO ka dormouse Hazel - nā holoholona teritorial. Noho ka noho ʻana o nā kāne ma kahi o 1 ha, i nā wahine - a hiki i 0.8 ha. Kanikau nā wahine, hele a hala nā alanui o nā kāne, akā ʻaʻole palupalu nā kāne. Nui nā holoholona i noho ai kēlā me kēia holoholona, ​​he spherical lākou (a hiki i 15 cm ke anawaena), he mau lau maloʻo, moss a me nā ʻūhā o ka mauʻu i paʻa me ka lawaiʻa Sonya. I loko, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pā me ka mauʻu palupalu, palalulu a me nā peʻa i hoʻoluʻu ʻia i ka ʻili. Aia ka moena ma luna o kahi lālā ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1-2 m ma luna o ka lepo a i ʻole ka hakahaka. Hana paʻa ʻo Sonya i nā ʻohana manu, titmouse, hollows, a me ka mea e nānā ʻia ana e ka hale kahi manu a ʻaʻole paha. E loaʻa i nā Redheads, nā manu lele pied i ka ʻeha, ke kahe ʻana loa - ka helu nui a me ka titina uliuli, hiki iā ia ke kāpae i kēia rodent.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

Kuhi: Hazel Dormouse

ʻO ka dormouse Hazel (flycatcher) - kahi momi pili i ka ʻohana o ke dormouse a me ke kauoha o nā rodents. ʻO waho, he like loa ia me kahi koʻi lōkō, wale nō ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka nui, a me nā ʻona like ʻana me nā kie. ʻO kona ʻohana holoʻokoʻa, hazel dormouse ka liʻiliʻi loa.

ʻO ka paona o ka pākeke he wale nō i ka 27 mau grama, ka paona nui ka dormouse maikaʻi, a aneane e hāʻule i ka wā hānau. I ka huli ʻana o ka holoholona, ​​hoʻemi ka paona i 15 - 17 gram. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka dormouse hazel e lōʻihi - mai ka 7 a hiki i 9 cm, ʻaʻole kēia helu helu ʻana i ka huelo, ka lōʻihi o kahi a he 6 a 7 cm paha.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka dormouse hazel?

Kuhi: Hazel Dormouse Red Book

ʻO kahi o ka hoʻolahaʻana i ka dormouse hazel he ākea loa. ʻO kēia holoholona he kanaka noho maʻamau o ʻEulopa, me kaʻole o Sepania a me Pokukala, noho i ka hema o Great Britain a me Suetena, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻākau o Turkey. I ko mākou ʻāina, e noho ana ka dormouse hazel i ka nahele o Volga, Ciscaucasia, ka Caucasus a me ka Dnieper. Pono e ʻike ma ka ʻāina o Lūkia kahi luhi kēia holoholona, ​​no ka mea he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia.

ʻO nā holoholona honu Hazel he mau holoholona launa me kā lākou ʻāina. ʻO ka nui o kēlā ʻāpana i kahi wahine wahine ke noho ma ka hapalua hectare, ʻo nā kāne ʻoi nā pōpō pālua i nā pālua. Ma waena o lākou iho, hoʻopili wale nā ​​holoholona i ka wā mālama. ʻO kahi mea nui i nā wahi o ka lawe ʻana i nā kiu i kahi pohō pōkole nui, ʻoi loa ia mai loko mai o ka hazel, ʻaʻole ia no kahi mea e kapa ʻia lākou he hazel.

Hiki i ke Sonya ke noho ma ka lehu mauna, rosehip, viburnum thickets. Punahele ka mousetrap i ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, linden a me nā ʻanuʻu lehu. ʻO kahi ʻohana he hale nani no nā mea hana miniatur. He hewa paha i ka manaʻo e hōʻino lākou i nā kumulāʻau hua, a me ka dormouse, ma ke kū'ē, e kōkua i kā lākou koho ʻana.

Hāʻawi ʻo Hazel dormouse i nā ulu lāʻau hoʻopunipuni, a me nā ulu lāʻau koniferous. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka holoholona kokoke i kahi ʻāina a me nā ala lāʻau, ma nā kihi o ka nahele, i nā dormouse kiʻekiʻe e hele i luna o ʻelua mau hola.

He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka hazelole?

Kuhi: Hazel Dormouse

ʻO ka nui ke kime o ka dorel de hazel ka mea nui. He mea maʻalahi ke kuhi ʻo nā nīnē kona punahele punahele loa. ʻAi ʻo Sonya i ka hapanui o nā nati, ke hoʻomākaukau nei no ka hānau ʻana, i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka maluhia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hana ka holoholona i kekahi mālama no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā nati a Sonya i hoʻāʻo ai, akā ʻaʻole naʻe i ʻai, hiki ke kūʻokoʻa, no ka e waiho ana ka holoholona i nā lua hū pulu mai nā niho ma kā lākou paʻa. ʻAʻole kahi Sonum i ka cecum i ke kino, no laila, he maikaʻi nā meaʻai i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka fiber. Makemake nā holoholona i nā hua a me nā hua.

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi i nā nati, ʻo ka mea ʻai o nā rodents a ʻoi kekahi:

• nā huaʻala (nā hua pua, blueberries, raspberry, lingonberry, ʻōpala)
• acorns
• hua
• ʻōpio ʻōpio (i ka puna)
• nā pua
• hua.

Malia paha he ʻano maʻamau, akā ʻo kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi e hōʻole ʻole i ka meaʻai protein. ʻAi ʻo Sonya i nā ʻōpala a me nā hua o nā manu me ka leʻaleʻa, inā loaʻa iā ia kahi manawa like. I ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā wailua, ʻaʻole hōʻole ka Sonya a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. I ka wā ulu, hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻai i nā ʻili o nā ʻōpiopio. He mea kupaianaha nō ka nānā ʻana i ka mea hiamoe hiamoe i ka wā o kona papaʻai ʻana, no ka mea nāna ʻo ia i kekahi hua me nā wāwae ʻelua. Hoʻopili nui ʻia ke ʻano o kēia papa o nā pākiki liʻiliʻi e noho nei i ka lei o nā kumulāʻau like ʻole.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Kuhi: holoholona hihiu Hazel

ʻO ka Hazel dormouse kahi holoholona twilight e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka hapanui o kona ola ma ke aupuni hiamoe, ʻo ia ke kumu he inoa ʻino ia. ʻAʻole hiamoe ʻo Sonya i ke ao, akā, mai ʻOkakopa a ʻApelila hoʻi, e hāʻule ana i loko o ka hibernation, no ka mea, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ke kauwela, i ka wā i hāʻule ai ka mahana o ka ea ma lalo o 17 mau degere, ua moe ka hiamoe i ka stupor a hiki ke hiamoe no nā lā he nui a mahana hoʻi ke ulu ʻana kona mahana.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, he mau moe hiamoe nā holoholona e noho ana i nā wahi kūʻokoʻa. Makemake nā holoholona e ola hoʻokahi, ke hālāwai me kēlā me kēia i ka wā moe. I ka pō, ʻimi ikaika lākou i ka meaʻai no lākou iho, ʻaʻole hoʻi e neʻe mai ka lālā a ka lālā, a i ke ao e moe ai lākou i loko o kā lākou mau puʻupuʻu maikaʻi.

ʻO kēlā me kēia mea hiamoe i ka ʻāina ʻāina i loaʻa kahi mau puʻu mau lā i kēlā me kēia lā, kahi e kū nei ma nā lāʻau i ke kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau mika. He puka hoʻoilo ka mousetrap, he mea maikaʻi ia i loko o ke kauwela a pau no ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo.

Inā hele ʻo Sonya iā ia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pili, a laila hana ʻo ia i ka lau o ka ʻōpala, ka moss, nā ʻōpala, nā lālā liʻiliʻi, ka mea i hui pū me ia i kāna mau kīwī hāmeʻe. Pono kaʻu e ʻōlelo he hikiʻole i ka dormouse i kekahi manawa, palauleʻa, hana pinepine ka holoholona i nā nelo a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, e hoʻokuke aku ana i nā mea kipa mai lākou: bluebirds, nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā Sonya ke noho i loko o ka hale manu, i ka attic, i ke hollow, i nā kahe kahiko o ka kaʻa.

Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he mea pākuhi a dormouse ke ʻano nui, ʻano maikaʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka launa ʻana me nā kānaka, hilinaʻi nui nā holoholona, ​​no laila e maʻalahi ka hoʻopiʻi iā lākou.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Kuhi: Hazel Dormouse mai ka Puke ʻaha

ʻO nā dormouse Hazel kahi holoholona hānai i pili i kekahi me kekahi wale nō i ka wā e moe ai, e mau ana i ka manawa o ke kauwela, ʻo ka mea nui ka mahanahana. I mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai nā keiki, ʻokoʻa ka wahine i kahi pūnana maternity, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka mea maʻamau. Aia kona mau ʻāpana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka lepo. ʻO ka pālaha manuahi kēlā me ʻelua papa: ma luna, ua uhi ʻia ia i nā lau, a ua uhi ʻia i loko, i lalo, nā ʻulu, nā lau liʻiliʻi.

Ma ke kauwela, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻopuka i mau mau ʻōhua ʻelua, a inā mau ka wela no ka manawa lōʻihi a lohi ka manawa kauwela, a laila ʻekolu. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻelua ka ʻeono i pēpē pēpē i hānau ʻia ma ka dormouse hazel. Hoʻonui ka manawa gestation i ka 25 mau lā, ua like ia me ka wā o ka hānai ʻana i nā cubs. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia he mālama nui loa ka sony i kāna mau keiki, inā make koke ka makuahine, a laila hiki i kekahi wahine ke hāpai i kāna mau keiki. I ke kaao o kēia ʻano ʻano rodents, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka wahine e ʻai i kāna hua ponoʻī.

Inā lāmole a pākulu i ke kauwela, a laila ʻaʻole wikiwiki ke kāne e ʻimi i nā wahine no ka hoʻomoe ʻana, ke hoʻomau nei lākou i loko o ko lākou mau aʻalopona, a laila ʻaʻole pua nā hazel dormouse.

E like me ka hiʻohiʻona o nā rodents a pau, hānau keiki pēpē ʻo Sonya a ʻoi ʻole nā ​​keiki ʻole a me ka makapō, ʻaʻohe hulu ma luna o lākou. Kokoke loa ma ka lā 18 o ke makahiki, lilo nā pēpē e like me nā holoholona makua. I nā makahiki he kanahā o, ua loaʻa ke keiki kūloko liʻiliʻi i ke kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kekahi manawa, i ka wā e hānau ai ka hānau wahine i ka hopena hope, ma mua o ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomau ana nā pēpē me ko lākou makuahine.

Ke hele nei a ʻōpiopio ka ʻōpio i kahi makahiki hoʻokahi makahiki. I kahi kūlohelohe, kūlohelohe wale nō, ola wale nō ka dormouse hazel e noho kokoke ana he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki, a i ke pio ʻana hiki iā lākou ke ola a ʻewalu paha. ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa i ka manaolana o ke ola ma muli o ka nui o nā holoholona i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i ola i ke anuanu, nā mea hoʻoluhi paʻakikī.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka dormouse hazel

Kuhi: Hazel Dormouse

ʻOiai he mea liʻiliʻi loa ka dormouse hazel e loaʻa ʻole i nā ʻenemi ikaika loa i waena o nā holoholona. Kūpono i kēia holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole kekahi o ka poʻe i kālai ʻia. Hiki iā Sonya ke hele mai iā lākou e ka make. No laila hiki ke lilo i ka rodent i mea pio i ka manu hihi, puaʻa, marten, fox, petting. I kekahi manawa e pōloli ana kahi puʻu poʻo a i ʻole wahie puʻu i ka lua i ke dormouse kahi e noho ai ka dormouse, akā hiki ke ola ka holoholona, ​​no ka mea, heʻeha a mālama nui nā moushes.

Ua hele mai ka natura me kahi mea palekana no kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi, aia ka ʻiʻo o ke kino mai ka ʻili o Sonya e lele ana inā ka hopu ʻana i ka holoholona i kēia wahi lōʻihi o kona kino. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, e pakele ʻo ka dexterous a me dodgy dormouse i kahi maʻi. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, a laila ua make kahi hapa o ka huelo, ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili, a make a hopena, akā ke ola nei ka rodent.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo kekahi o nā ʻenemi pōpilikia loa no ka doremeta hazel, ka mea nāna e luku i nā ʻāina o ko lākou noho paʻa ʻana, e hōʻoki ana i ka ulu lāʻau a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻāina mahiai. E make pū kekahi ʻo Moushes mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana ai nā kānaka i nā mea kanu. No laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ola o kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi a paʻakikī e noho nei i ka nahele.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

Kuhi: nā holoholona dormouse Hazel

Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema ʻepekema o ka nui o ka dormouse hazel, e noho ana i nā mea kūlohelohe, kūlohelohe, kūlohelohe ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kēia kaʻina hana i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻāʻī o nā wahi ʻākau o kahi o ka holoholona hihiu. Pono e hoʻolilo ʻia ma ka laulā ākea ʻaʻole he nui o ka nui o ka dormouse hazel.

Ma kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i hōʻea i ka nui o ka popo o ka pōpilikia. I kēia manawa, hoʻokūkū ʻia kēia ʻano rodents i waena o nā ʻano me ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻia, akā, ma nā papa inoa o nā hui kaiapuni o nā honua he mau kūlana kūikawā nā mousetraps.

ʻAʻole i like like nā kuʻuna like me ka nui o ka dormouse o ka hazel e noho nei ma nā wahi āpau, i kekahi mau wahi i manaʻo ʻia he holoholona a nui kēia holoholona i helu ʻia ma loko o ka Red Red Book. He mea kaumaha ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia, akā ua ulu mai kēia kūlana ma ko kākou ʻāina, kahi o nā mea ʻiliahi miniiti he nui loa ka helu.

ʻO nā pōʻino nui o ka lehulehu ka mea i hoʻonā ʻia e nā kānaka wale nō, akā, na nā ʻalā nui, ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona āpau ke ola. Aia ma laila he hōʻike e pili ana i ka 70 pakeneka o nā mousetraps i ola i ka malulu nui a make i ka wā hānau. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ia e like me ke kīkē e ola ai i nā pilikia kime ka hoʻoilo.

Ka palekana o ka dormouse hazel

ʻO ke kiʻi: Hazel Sonia Red Book o Rūsia

Aia i ka ʻāina o ko mākou moku'āina, he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka dormouse, a laila e lohi mau ana ia, no laila ke kākau inoa ʻia kēia rodent ma ka Red Book o ko mākou ʻāina, e ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻilihune loa ia. ʻAʻole kēia e lilo wale nō no ka luku ʻana i ke kanaka i nā wahi he nui i ka hoʻolalelale ʻana o ka pahu dalaho, akā no ka ʻeha ʻehiku, ʻaʻole i paʻā ʻia i ko mākou ʻāina, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia no nā drowsies e ola i nā pōkole koʻikoʻi.

Aia he hōʻike ma loko o ka Lūkini Lūkini ka nui o ka dormouse hazel e pili ana i ʻekolu a ʻehā paha Spimimeta a he hekahi o ka wahi.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka dormouse no ka pilikia ma kahi kūlohelohe o kā mākou Yaroslavl, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā hui horticultural i pili i kēia ʻāina. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā holoholona i ka lula o nā hale a me nā ʻohana manu, ʻaʻole lākou e hilahila hou i nā poʻe. Hoʻomaopopo nā hihia he nui i ka wā e lawe ai nā māla lawaiʻa i nā mea hiamoe hiamoe me lākou i ka hoʻoilo.

Nui ka poʻe i makemake i kēia mau holoholona maikaʻi e makemake e hoʻonui i ko lākou helu ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā rodents i ka home, a laila hoʻokuʻu i ka domeouse ʻōpio i nā māla, nā nahele a me nā wahi mā. I loko o kahi mau wahi, hoʻopilikia ʻia ka dormouse no ka mea e mālama ai ka poʻe i ka undergrowth me nā pesticides, e hakakā ana i nā ʻeha pōʻino. Pono ke kanaka e noʻonoʻo i ka mea e alakaʻi ai kēia i ka make ʻole wale nō nā pepeke manuahi, akā, ʻo ka pōpilikia dormouse, ka mea e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā pōmaikaʻi, me ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā mea kanu.

Ma ka hopena, ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻohui ʻia o ka dormouse hazel e liʻiliʻi loa, i nā manawa he nui i pale a pale a ʻoi aku hoʻi, no laila, me ke kōkua ʻole kanaka a hiki ke paʻakikī loa ke ola, no ka mea, he mau lokoʻino a ʻano ʻole ka paʻakikī. A inā makemake ʻole kekahi e kōkua i kēia mea ʻuʻale, a laila, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōʻino i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi, e like me nā lā ʻulaʻula i kū mai i waena o nā kumulaha nā lāʻau.

Ke hoʻopili nei kēia mau mea liilii a mahalo wale paha, ke nānā aku nei iā lākou, makemake wau e mālama a pale i nā ʻōpala ulaula, ʻaʻole ia no kahi mea e hoʻomaka ai lākou e like me nā holoholona, ​​no ka mea pāʻelemakule ʻano maikaʻi a maʻalahi ka home.

Nā ʻaihue Hazel

Hōʻalo nā holoholona i nā nests ʻoluʻolu no ka hiamoe, ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka moss, kahi ʻakū lāʻau, lau, nā hulu. ʻO kahi wahi no kahi "lā" hiki iā Sony ke:

• hilu, ana
• he lua ma lalo o nā aʻa
• kāpili ma lalo o ka ʻeke kahiko
• kahi pūnana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka nāhelehele, hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1-2 m,
• ka manu o ka manu, he mea ʻole a i ʻole ka mea mai ke koena o ka mea i hoʻopio ai i nā mea nona nā kuleana.

Inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻo Sonya a i ʻole hale i ka hale o nā mea kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole ia e noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua o nā lima lima kanaka: kihi i kahi pā hale kahiko a i ʻole nā ​​kaʻa i haʻalele ʻia. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻi i kahi hale manu manu ʻole, noho ma ka hale kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i kekahi kime ke loaʻa i kahi mau wahi no ka diaries i ka manawa hoʻokahi. No ka hānau ʻana, kūkulu ʻo Sonya i kahi pūnana hoʻoilo hoʻoilo kūikawā - i lalo o ke kumu a i waena o nā kumu lāʻau. Ka hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i kahi e hiki ai a e pani i ka puka.

E hānai i nā hua ʻōpiopio, hana nā wāhine i kahi pā pā nui a ka wahine e hoʻāʻo e waiho i kahi kiʻekiʻe mai ka honua. He ʻelua papana: hana ʻia ka ʻaoʻao waho o nā lau, a ua hana ʻia ka "capsule" i loko o nā mea haʻalulu loa i hiki ke loaʻa iā Sonya - hulu hulu, ʻokiʻoki mauʻu.

ʻĀnō ke ola

ʻAʻole i noho ʻo Sony i ka hihiu no ka lōʻihi, 2-3 mau makahiki. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ke ʻano he pēpē, hiki iā lākou ke noho lōʻihi, a hiki i ka 7-8 makahiki. ʻO ke kumu no kahi ola pōkole i ka hihiu ʻaʻole he pōpilikia loa, akā, ka hapanui o nā pā kau wela a me nā pilikia pili i ke kaiāulu. Hola nā holoholona he nui i ka wā o ka wā hānau (a hiki i 70% e like me ka palena o Moscow).

ʻO Habitat, noho

ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Sony i ka huakaʻi, e noho ana i ko lākou ʻāina iho, ka mea hoʻokaʻawale no kēlā me kēia. ʻAʻole kue nā wahine i nā palena paʻa o kā lākou pākīpī me kahi ʻāpana a hiki i ka hapalua hectare, a hala nā kāne i hōʻea i kā lākou waiwai ma ka pāpālua. Me kēlā me kēia, hui pū nā holoholona no kekahi manawa pōkole, aia wale nō i ka wā moe.

No ka hoʻoholoʻana o mouslovki, ua koho lākou i nā wahi me kahi hoʻomalu limahana, ʻoi aku ka palekana (no laila, ʻo ka epithet "hazel" i ka inoa ʻo Sonya). Kūpono ka nahele o ka rosehip, viburnum, lehu kuahiwi, nā lāʻau ʻoka ʻōpala, linden, ka lehu ua kūpono loa i kona ola. Noho nō hoʻi ʻo Sleepyheads i loko o nā ʻokiʻoki, me ka hōʻino ʻole iā lākou, ma ke keʻa ʻole, e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka paio maikaʻi ʻana. Makemake lākou i ka nahele coniferous liʻiliʻi, ke ʻole aia kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe me nā mea kanu maikaʻi loa.

He laulā ka noho a kahi kanaka ʻo Sony: noho nā holoholona ma loko o ʻEulopa, a hiki i nā wahi hema o Sweden a me UK. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike iā Sonya ma Sepania a me Pokukala - he mea wela loa ia no lākou ma ka Iberian Peninsula. Ma ka'āina o Lūkia, noho nā sony i nā wahi nahele o Volga, Dnieper a me Ciscaucasia.

Hazel Diet

He nui ka mea kanu hazel. Ua ʻai ʻo ia i nā nati, ka huaʻala, nā hua, no laila he mea nui ka ʻāpala ʻana o nā hua i nā manawa like ʻole i loko o kona noho. I nā lā mahana o ka puna mua, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ka mouslovka e ʻai i nā pua ʻōpio a me nā wana, a i ke kauwela e ʻai ia i nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai me ka leʻaleʻa.

Inā mālama ke koʻokoʻo e ʻimi i nā hua manu a hopu paha i ka wī, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻole i ka ʻai o ka protein. Hoʻohana nā Nīa i ke aloha kūikawā o ka holoholona, ​​nona ka dormouse i loaʻa ai kona inoa. Haʻalele nā ​​niho ʻoi i ka lua o ka pūpū i loko o ke kanaka. I ka wā e ʻai ai, ʻoi aku ka hiamoe, e like me ka squirrel, mālama i ka ʻai i nā forelegs.

Pahu a keiki

ʻO ka manawa pā i Sonya e paʻa ana i ka manawa wela o ka makahiki. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka wahine ke hānau ʻelua ʻelua, i ke kauwela wela - ʻekolu mau manawa no nā pēpē 2-6 i hoʻokahi ʻōpala. Pōla ka wā 22-25 mau lā, a laila ʻo ka manawa pono ʻoe e hānai ai i nā cubs. He mālama makuahine a Sonya, ʻaʻole loa i ʻike ʻia ua ʻai lākou i kā lākou keiki. Inā make ka makuahine, hiki i kekahi dormouse ke hānai i nā pipi.

He hoihoi! Inā hōʻoluʻolu ke kau a kūlea ka manawa i holo pinepine ʻole ai nā kāne, ʻaʻole e hele nā ​​kāne i nā wahi o nā wahine no ka hana ʻana, makemake ʻia i kā lākou mauʻu, ʻaʻole hoʻi nā huaʻelima.

E like me nā mea āpau, hānau ʻia ka ʻōpiopio ʻōpiopio a piha ʻole ke kōkua ʻole. Ma kahi o 18 mau lā ua nānā like lākou me nā mākua. I nā makahiki 40, ua mākaukau lākou no ke ola kūʻokoʻa. Akā i ka wā inā ua lohi ka litter a ʻaʻole nā ​​manawa i kahi mākaʻi o ka wā i kaʻawale, hoʻoilo lākou i ka hoʻoilo ma ka like me ko lākou makuahine. I ko lākou kauwela mua, ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ʻōpio ke hoʻohua pono iā lākou iho, no ka mea pono ʻoe e hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka makahiki hoʻokahi makahiki.

Huli

ʻAeke Nā Pākuʻi (MAMMALIA)

Kaulana: NANATA (RODENTIA)

Ohana: KEIKI (MYOXIDAE)

Hoʻohana Hou:
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea i loko o ka List List IUCN Red (LR / nt, ver. 2.3, 1994), Appendix III of the Berne Convention.

‘:Lelo:
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā moe hiamoe o ka honua. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka kino i ka 90 mm, kaʻu - 80 mm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kanaka kū hoʻokahi e hōʻea iā 40 g, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka huluhulu ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao kahi kala pale-melemele keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka piko o kahi huelo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka palahalaha ʻē aʻe o ka Europa. Māmā ka ʻōpū, ʻōmaʻomaʻo-keʻokeʻo i nā kala. Pulu me kahi kākole pōʻeleʻele i nā ʻaoʻao. ʻEkole nā ​​pepeiao, ʻōwili. ʻO Hazel dormouse kekahi o nā lāʻau kūikawā kūikawā i kāna ʻohana. Ua hōʻike mua ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano o nā wāwae o ka ʻalā, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā mea hiamoe hiamoe, a i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lāʻau piʻi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā manamana lima ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka maʻamau ke ʻole me ka claw, aʻo ke koena o nā manamana lima, ʻelua ma ka hind a me nā wāwae mua. ʻO nā ʻōpala huluhulu i waho a me loko o ka wāwae he nui, aneane like me ka nui.

Māhele:
Loaʻa kā Hazel dormouse i ka hapa nui o kāna mau ʻāpana. Kahele nui ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao komohana a me waenakonu o ʻEulopa, a hōʻea i ke komohana ma ka ʻākau Pyrenees a me Pelekane Nui Pelekane. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā wahi a pau loa o ka ʻāpana o ʻEulopa, ma ka hapa nui o Ukraine, ma Latvia a me Lithuania. Hele nā ​​palena hikina ma ka ʻāpana o ka Volga a me Don Don. ʻO Belarus ka ʻāpana o ke komohana ʻākau-hikina o ka laulā. Loaʻa ka ʻano ʻiliʻehā ma loko o ka ʻāina, akā ʻo ka hapa nui loa o nā ʻike aia ma kona ʻaoʻao hema. Ua ʻike ʻia ka dormouse Hazel i ka National Park "Belovezhskaya Pushcha" (1950-80s), Luninetsky (1956, 1970, 1972), Stolin (1980s, 2001) a me Baranovichi (2000) mau moku o ka ʻāina Brest. , ka hale aliʻi aupuni Pripyatsky (1990s), ma Petrikovsky (1953) a me Zhitkovichi mau moku o ka ʻāina ʻo Gomel, Stolbtsovsky (1982), Myadelsky (1974) a me Minsk (1999) mau wahi o ka ʻāina Minsk, Novogrudsky moku o Grodno māhele (1996), Vitebsk (1916) a me nā wahi ʻo Gorodok (1999) o ka ʻāina Vitebsk.

Hooulu:
Noho ʻo Mushlovka i ka pohō, hoʻopili pinepine, nā ulu lāʻau me nā kumu ʻalapona nui mai ka hazel a me nā lāʻau paʻakikī, kahi e lilo ai i mea paʻa no ka hoʻōla ʻana ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Belarus. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā wahi wao ma kahi o nā kihi a me nā ala, a me nā ala ala. ʻO kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole like me kā mākou dormouse, i mea minamina loa i ka haunaele o ka nohona o nā ululāʻau, akā e hilinaʻi nui ana i ka hānai ʻana i ke kuahiwi.

Biology:
ʻO Hazel sleepyhead ka mea i ka wana a i ka pō. I ka pūnāwai, ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a i ka wā lohi, ma ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ia, ua waiho ʻē ʻia i ka nano i ka wā o ka lā. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, nā wahi moe kauwela he mau nane spherical i kūkulu ʻia e nā holoholona ma nā ʻōpala o nā lālā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau 1-2 m ma luna o ka lepo. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi iki ka noho ʻana o ka ʻuʻuku ma ka lepo, a i ʻole i ka nui o nā kumulāʻau a me nā ʻūhā, i nā loko o nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokumu ka dormouse Hazel i nā hale mālama hoʻoilo ma lalo o nā kumu o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, ma nā lua. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻohana nā holoholona i nā nison lāʻau a me nā nests maoli no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole like me nā kauwela kauwela, ke hoʻomau maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO Mouslovka ka mea nui i nā mea kanu mea hoʻohana i ka meaʻai holoholona wale nō i kekahi mau makahiki. ʻO ke kumu kumu o ka mālamaʻai nā hua, nā hua ʻai a me nā huaʻai, nā hazelnuts, acorns, i kahi liʻiliʻi - ʻo nā mea kanu o nā mea kanu. Nā meaʻai holoholona - nā ʻano pepeke, hua manu a me nā moa o nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ka dormouse Hazel ke hana i nā pua o ka pua ma nā aila me nā huaʻai, i hoʻohana ʻia e puka i ka wā hānau. Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana i ka hopena o Kepakemapa - hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa, ka hopena - i ka waena oʻApelila. Hoʻomaka nā holoholona ma hope o ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana o ka pūnāwai. Hoʻokomo ka hana ma ka hapalua lua o Mei - ke kakahiaka o Iune. Noho ka wahine hāpai 18-24 mau lā. I lalo o nā kūlana o Belarus, hazel dormouse, ma lalo o ka manawa maikaʻi, ke kime a me nā kūlana meaʻai, loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana o ka lua i ka hapa lua o Iulai. ʻO ka nui o ka brood he 3-6 cubs. ʻO ka maʻamau, noho nā holoholona ʻōpio me ka wahine no ʻelua mau mahina ʻelua, akā i ka hihia o ka hoʻoulu pinepine ʻana, e waiho ana ʻo ia i ka lālā mua o 30-45 mau lā ma hope o kona hānau ʻia ʻana. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio e ulu pinepine i ko lākou makuahine. Loaʻa ka dormouse Hazel i ka uluʻana ma ka mahina 10-11 o ke ola. ʻO ke ola he ola i loko o ke ʻano he 3-4 mau makahiki. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā dormouse hazel he marten, ermine, weasel, nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole. I ka wā hoʻoilo, hiki ke loaʻa nā holoholona hiamoe a ʻai ʻia e kahi ʻalopeke. ʻO ka kiʻi pua ʻōpio'ōmaʻomaʻo i huluhulu, ka mea e noho i kahi nīnūnū e like me nā nokal eʻae nei, e ʻai i ka dormouse ʻōpio. ʻAʻole kahi waiwai kūpono o ka dormouse Hazel i Belarus no ka hana waiwai kanaka.

Ka helu a me kēlā me ka hoʻololi ʻana:
Ma muli o ka make nui o nā holoholona i ka makahiki mua o ke ola, ʻaʻohe hala o nā fluctuations i nā helu. ʻAʻohe huaʻōlelo kikoʻī ma ka helu a me kona loli i nā makahiki no ke kuʻina o Belarus.

Nā manaʻo nui:
ʻO ka hiʻoki i ka ululāʻau, ka luku ʻana i nā ala liʻiliʻi lāʻau i ka wā o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā wahi āpau, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ululāʻau ākea pāwīwī ʻia a hui pū ʻia me nā mea kanu o nā mea ulu lāʻau ma muli o nā hana ulu lāʻau, hoʻokūkū me nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole a me nā manu no nā kahua hoʻoulu.

Nā ʻōna palekana palekana:
Ua komo pū ʻia i loko o ka Red Book of Belarus mai ka makahiki 1993. Pono ia e hana i nā micro-mālama kūikawā i loko o nā home o nā makaʻāina. ʻO ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka hōʻoki ʻia ʻana, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana i ka mākeke o ka pānaʻi o ka ʻāina ma ke kau ʻana i nā hollows a me nā nīnū maoli, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka mālama o nā ʻano.

Hoʻohui ʻia e:
Hoʻopili ʻia e: Kashtalyan A.P.

Aia i hea kona hale

Hele like ʻo ia hoʻi ma loko o ʻEulopa, koe wale nō ma kona ʻaoʻao hema - ʻo Sepania a me Pokukala. Ma nā wahi a pau kahi kaʻawale, ma luna o hoʻokahi hectare ʻaʻole he 4 mau holoholona. Ma ka palena ʻo Lūkia ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka laulā dormouse hazel. Eia ʻoi ke kaawale nei mai ka ʻāina Kaliningrad a hiki i ka ʻāina Volga, a pili pū kekahi i nā kānaka kūloko ma Caucasus.

ʻO ka wahi noho punahele o ka pōʻino damesena ka mea i hūnā ʻia i nā lāʻau i hui ʻia me ka nui o ka hazel, oak, alder a me nā lāʻau deciduous. Eia nō naʻe, aia ma kekahi wahi o kona ulu ʻana, e noho ana i nā ulu coniferous, ma kahi ʻē aʻe e koho wale ʻia ana. ʻO ke koi nui ke hele ʻana i nā kumulāʻau i kūpono i nā nests. Inā paʻa kahi hollow kūlohelohe a i ʻole kekahi mea hānai i kahi e kekahi, ua ikaika ʻo Hazel hiamoe no ka mea e hoʻokuke aku ai i nā mea noho.

He aha nā mea like

Inā ʻaʻole no ka huina fluffy, i hoʻonani ʻia me ka lūlū, hiki paha ke kuhihewa ʻo ka dormouse no ka kiʻi. Loaʻa nā Hazor dormouse i kahi paila paa. Kōkua lākou iā ia e piʻi i nā lāʻau a hana i ko lākou ala i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ma nā lālā lahilahi. Maikaʻi ke kaupaona - ma kahi o 25 g a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 15 cm e ʻae iā ʻoe e piʻi ma luna o ka huʻu. ʻO ka kala o ka lauoho ʻaʻole lōʻihi i nā holoholona hihiu he ʻulaʻula; i loko o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā holoholona hiki iā ia ke ʻano like me ka melemele a me nā kukui polū. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū, keʻokeʻo ke kapa. Hoʻopuka ʻo Vibrissas i ka hapalua o ke kino o Sonya a neʻe mau nei, i ka manawa i ka manawa i mua o ka maka o ka holoholona.

Hoʻomaka

I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ʻo Sonya i kahi wā lōʻihi i ka wā hoʻomaha, e ala ana i ke ʻApelila a Mei paha. I ka wā hāʻule, ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ʻai nui ka hiamoe. Ke kū'ē nei nā Zoologists inā paha e mālama ka hiamoe no ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ke kau ʻia nei i ka lehulehu o ka holoholona a e noho nei, a ma nā hiʻohiʻona kihi o ka wahi. No ka hānau ʻana, neʻe lākou mai nā nests i lalo o nā pā hale, ma loko o nā lua o nā wahi ʻēheu ʻē aʻe.

Ka hona ʻia nā honu hoʻoilo me ka litter o ka mauʻu maloʻo, moss, ka hulu, ka huluhulu. I ka wā hānau ʻana, hāʻule ke kino o ke kino o Sonya i ka 0.2-0.5 ° C (ma ke ʻano kino o ka nui o nā holoholona o 34-36 ° C), hanu a me ka puʻuwai a kokoke i ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale.

Sonya isnashikaya

Nā ʻāina a pau o Belarus.

Wāhi Brest - Baranavichy, Brest, Ivatsevichi, Kamenetsky, Kobrinsky, Luninetsky, Pinsky, Pruzhansky, ʻO nā panalāʻau o Stolin.

ʻO ka ʻāina Vitebsk - Vitebsk, mau wahi ʻo Gorodok

ʻĀpana Gomel - Zhitkovichsky, nā moku a Petrikovsky

Kahi'āina Grodno - Novogrudok, nā mokuʻo Svisloch

ʻO ka ʻāina Minsk - Nā Vileysky, Myadelsky, Pukhovichsky, nā moku a Stolbtsovsky

ʻO ka ʻohana Soniaceae (Myoxidae) ka ʻohana.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻike ma nā wahi a pau o ka repubalika. ʻO Sonya hazel a mouslovka ma Belarus kahi mau iwi ʻokoʻa e noho nui ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kūkulu hema a me waena, kahi i ʻoi ai ka maʻamau, akā no ka mea i kahi o ke ʻano huna lihi e ʻike ʻole ai ia maʻamau. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia he mau lālani liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma kekahi mau wahi nui nā ano o Brest Polesie a me nā ʻano nui eurytopic o Sonia ma kēia wahi. Ua hoʻokū ʻia nā pūʻulu hoʻouluulu ola i nā ʻano lāʻau 23. ʻO ka huina o ka helu ma Brest he 150 tausani. He helu nui loa o ka dormouse ulu lāʻau ma nā wahi o Polesie (Zenina a me Moroz, 1998, Demyanchik, 2000). Ua loaʻa ka helu nui o nā koena o ka poʻokela o ka hazel ma ka moʻolelo o nā ʻāpana o nā wahi a nā ʻāpana o Brest a me Grodno (Demyanchik, 1999).

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o kā mākou hiamoe hiamoe. ʻO ka loa kino 5.8-8.8 cm, ʻehā lōʻihi 5.5-7.5 cm, mau wāwae 1.5-1.85 cm, pepeiao 1.1-1.2 cm, paona o ke kino 15-23 (a i ke 40 o) d. He keʻokeʻo ke kino, ua puni ke poʻo, ua pōkole ka pepeiao, nui ka maka, convex.

ʻO ka palupalu o ka huluhulu pōkole, palupalu, a pohilohi. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o ka ʻoluʻolu loa, he keʻokeʻo ka ventral, ka umauma a me ka ʻūʻī e keʻokeʻo. ʻOi aku ka pōʻeleʻele ma ke kua.

Mai ka ululāʻau ʻo nā māla a me nā māla hiamoe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka waiho ʻole ʻana o nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, mai ka hoʻoponopono Sonya i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, mai nā kiʻi i ka puʻu ʻoi loa o ka huelo.

Noho ia i nā ʻano nahele like ʻole. Paʻu ʻo ia i nā lau ākea-ākea (ʻoi aʻe) a me nā lau i hui ʻia (birch-aspen) me ka kahi o ka lau i hoʻomohala ʻia i loaʻa i ka hazel, willow, buckthorn, linden, maple a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio.

Nā makika a Brood, a me nā nest i kūkulu ʻia i ka wā mua a me ka wā lohi, ka maʻamau o ka 2 papa: kahi ʻōpala o nā lau o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu i loko o nā ʻāpana o nā kihi o nā cereals a i ʻole nāʻaina. Ma loko o ka nano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka fluff lāʻau. Noho ka Hazel dormouse i nā pua, i ka ʻoluʻolu hoʻohana e pili ana i nā hollows kūlima, hiki ke hoʻopili i kāna mau ners ma nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu. ʻO nā hale pā holoholona he mau ʻano, ma muli o ko lākou kumu. ʻO nā keʻena kikowaena, kahi e hoʻohana ai nā holoholona i ka hoʻoilo, ua kūkulu ʻia mai nā mea waiwai (ʻehā o nā mea kanu mea kanu, lau maloʻo, moss, etc.) a aia ma ka ʻāina a i lalo paha. ʻO nā hale kauwela o Sonya he ʻokoʻa i kā lākou kūkulu a me nā mea hana hale. Hiki iā ia ke wehe i nā nests aia ma nā kuahiwi o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau, a i ʻole nā ​​nest i kau ʻia mai nā lālā. Hiki i nā nests ke ʻuʻu, oval a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia mai nā lau o nā lāʻau a nā mea kanu lāʻau wale nō. E like me ka lihi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā fluff lau a me nā ʻāpana macerated o ka ʻili. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻohana nā holoholona i nā ness kahiko a me nā wahi o nā manu a me nā holoholona.

Hana nui ka dormouse no Hazel i ka pō a me ka pō. Hoʻomau mau ka poʻe makua i nā pākeke kahiko, ʻoiai nā wahine kahiko. ʻAʻole kūlike nā pūnaewele o nā wahine i kekahi me kekahi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpiopio, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōpala mua i ka wā mua i ko lākou ola e neʻe aku ma kahi mamao e pili ana 1 km. Nui nā holoholona ʻōpio i hānau i nā wahi hānau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka poʻe i hānau i ka hapa lua o ke kauwela. ʻO ka dormouse kāne pilikia ma mua o ka wā hoʻoulu e ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO kā lākou noho maʻa me nā pā wahine. Nā poʻe ʻōpio i noho, a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki o nā makahiki, loaʻa nā pūnaewele lūlū a hoʻomaka e alakaʻi i kahi noho maʻalahi.

Hana ʻo Sony i 6 mau ʻano kumu hōʻailona acoustic (whistles) e lawe i nā ʻikepili like ʻole i mea nui no ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana, hoʻopakele mai nā ʻenemi, kūloko a me nā mea like.

ʻO ka ʻono meaʻai maikaʻi o ka dormouse hanohano he ʻano like ʻole ia, me nā mea kanu like, nā hua a me nā hua. Makemake ka holoholona i nā hazelnuts, acorns, blueberries, strawberry, raspberry, blackberries, lingonberry, a me nā mea i loko o ka puna e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopōʻino i ka ʻili ma nā lālā apical o nā ʻōpio (10-15 mau makahiki). I kekahi manawa e ʻai ʻo ia i nā mea iniketi. I ka hopena o ke kauwela - ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻāʻī, hōʻiliʻili nā sony i ka momona subcutaneous, no ka mea ke piʻi nui ko lākou nui ma ka 50-80%, a i kekahi manawa pālua.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, hele nā ​​holoholona i ka hibernation, ka manawa a me ka lōʻihi o ka mea e hilinaʻi nei i ke kūlana kūlohelohe. I ka pō o ka hānau ʻana, ua haʻalele nā ​​dormouses i kā lākou mau honu a lawe aku i nā kākilo i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi like ʻole: i loko o ke aʻa ma lalo o nā kumu lāʻau, ma lalo o ke kumu lāʻau i lalo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka wela ma mua o nā mea hiamoe. hiki paha ke lilo i ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau lā. I ka wā hānau nui, ua hāʻule ke kino o ke kino o ka dormouse hazel i ka 0.5-1 ° C.

I ka awelika, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hānau ʻana i ka hopena o Kepakemapa - ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa, ke ala ʻana o ka puna i ka hopena o ʻApelila - Mei.

Ma hope koke o ke ala ʻana, hoʻomaka ka delouse hazel e hana hou. E ala mua nā kāne ʻelemakule ma hope o kekahi manawa (7-10 lā) nā wahine. ʻAʻole ka nui wahine a overwintered, ʻoi aku ka lua o ka litter.

ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ka lōʻihi o ka pehu deleka ma Belarus i Mei - ʻAukake. I nā makahiki makemake mau, hiki i ka wā ulu ke hoʻomau a hiki i Sepatemaba. I loko o kēia manawa, lawe mai ka wahine i ka 1-2, pinepine 2 mau litters o 1-7 (ka maʻamau 4-5) o nā cubs i kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpaiʻana he 22-25 lā, 27 mau lā ka lactation. Hānau ʻia ka poʻe ʻōpio, ua makapo, ʻaʻohe mea pono ʻole a mālama pono i ka mālama o ka makuahine, nāna e hānai a hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna hua. Ma ka hopena o nā lā 10 mua o ke ola, ua uhi ʻia ke kino o nā cubs me ka lauoho wai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka auricle. I ka makahiki 20-22 o kona mau lā, piʻi maikaʻi ka ulu ʻana o nā lālā ʻōpio, inā i kahi pōʻino, lele ka poʻe keiki i waho o ka nalo a peʻe. Mai kēia makahiki, ʻae lākou e ʻai i kā lākou mea ponoʻī, e waiho ana no ka hānai me ko lākou makuahine. Ma hope o nā lā 40-40 mau lā, hemo nā ʻohana dormouse hazel, e kau ana nā ʻōpio i ke kaumaha o 10-13 g a hele i ke ola kūʻokoʻa. ʻO nā keiki o ka lua o ka brood, i ʻike ʻia i ke kauwela o mua - ka wīwī i ke wā pinepine, waiho pinepine me ko lākou makuahine no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā pēpē hiamoe ʻeleʻele loa, he neʻe a ka ʻihi o kā lākou neʻe ma mua o nā pākeke.

I nā makahiki he ʻelua o kekahi mau makahiki, ua ulu maikaʻi kekahi kanaka.

ʻO ka dinamika o ka nui o ka dormouse hazel i Belarus e aʻo iki ʻia.

ʻAʻole i nānā kahi no ka nui. Kuhi pinepine nā lūlū liʻiliʻi i nā helu ma kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka wā o ka wā hānau a me ka pūnāwai, ʻo ka hapa o ka hānau a me ka ʻāpana nui o nā holoholona makua he make, ʻo ia ka mea e hōʻemi ai ka nui o ka nui o ka lehulehu a, ma muli o ka ulu nui ʻana o nā helu.

He liʻiliʻi nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o Hazel. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i ka waiwai o ke aloha, ermine, pine marten a me nā holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe. Ua lawe mai ʻo Ectoparasites i ka pōʻino nui i nā holoholona, ​​kahi i noho ai nā fleas i kahi mua.

Kahi ʻia ma ka Red Red Russia

ʻO Hazel dormouse, a mouslovka ka mea i kahakaha ʻia ma ka ʻĀina Kau IUCN, ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation, i loko o nā Red Books o kekahi o nā wahi, i ka nui, ʻo Moscow a me Bryansk. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka helu o kēia rodent ka luku ʻana i nā hale noho a me nā keʻena liʻiliʻi, a ma kekahi mau wahi ʻo ka mālama ʻana o ka undergrowth me nā insecticides i mea e hakakā ai i ka kūpaʻa ixodid.

Kahi helu

Aupuni: Nā holoholona (Animalia).
Kahi: Chordates (Chordata).
ʻAeke Māmama (Mammalia).
Kaulana: Nā Rodents (Rodentia).
Ohana: Sonia (Gliridae a i ʻole Myoxidae).
Kāhea: ʻO Sony Hazel (Muscardinus).
Nānā: ʻO Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius).

Mea ʻai

ʻO ka papa meaʻai o ka hazel dormouse ka mea nui o nā hua lāʻau a me nā mea kanuʻala (nati, acorns, chestnuts, beech, linden nuts) a me nā ʻano hua like a me nā huaʻai. ʻO ka meaʻai punahele a Hazelnuts he mau hazel nīne. I ka wā mua, ua hoʻohana ka holoholona i nā ʻōpio a me nā mea ʻai no ka meaʻai. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, ʻaʻohe holoholona hānai i kāna meaʻai, e like me ka poʻe i manaʻoʻiʻo ua kuʻi ka dormouse i nā passerines liʻiliʻi a me nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Puhi ʻo Sonia i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka cellulose no ka mea nalo ʻo ia [ hoakaka ] kuʻi kahi i ʻeli ʻia ka cellulose.

Ka hoʻokūkū ola

Puka mai ka hale ʻaina Hazel i waho o ka wā hānau ma ʻApelila-Mei. He mau holoholona ʻōpiopio kēia i ka liʻiliʻi o ke kamaʻilio, ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ʻo ia ka wā hoʻoulu, e hoʻomaka ana mai Mei a ʻOkakopa. I ka manawa o ka manawa, lawe ka wahine i ka 1-2 litters o 2-8 cubs pākahi, i kekahi mau makahiki o nā pipi a hiki i ka 3. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, kūkulu ka wahine i nā nelo brood, kahi o ka lau ʻula o ka lau a me kahi pākaha o loko o ka palupalu maʻa - mau nāhelehele aʻa. hulu manu, huluhulu. Noho ka wahine hāpai 22-25 mau lā, lactation - 27-30 mau lā. Hānau ʻia nā kerubima, ʻike ma waena o 18-19 mau lā. I kēia manawa, ulu nui lākou, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka dormouse opio ma mua o nā pākeke. Hoʻomaka lākou e noho i ka 35 o nā makahiki. Ua ʻoi aku ka mea ʻoi loa iā lākou me ka makuahine a noho i ka makahiki aʻe. Hiki i ka dormouse Hazel hele i ka wā ulu i ka wahine ma 11-12 mau mahina, no laila hoʻomaka lākou e hānai wale ma hope o ka hoʻoilo mua.

Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana i loko o ʻOkakopa, a i ʻole ma mua - inā e hāʻule ke ea o ka lewa ma lalo o + 15 ° C. ʻOiai i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, i ka wā e hiolo ai ke kauwela, hiki ke ulu ka dormouse i nā lā he nui a hiamoe i kā lākou mauʻu, kuʻi ʻia i loko o kahi pōpiki hakakā. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ʻai nui nā hiamoe hiamoe, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻiliʻili i nā lako no ka hoʻoilo. No ka hānau ʻana, ua neʻe lākou mai nā nestshi a lalo i nā hale noho lalo, i loko o nā lua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā noke hoʻoilo i ka litter o ka mauʻu maloʻo, ka moss, ka hulu, ka huluhulu. I ka wā hānau ʻana, hāʻule ke kino o ke kino o Sonya i ka 0.25-0.5 ° C (ma ke ʻano maʻamau 34-36 ° C).

Hōʻemi ka makeʻana o nā holoholona i ka wā hibernation a hiki i 70% (kahikahana o Moscow). ʻO ka hapa nui o ke ola heʻelima mau makahiki he 3 mau makahiki, ʻo ka nui ka nui o nā holoholona e ola a hiki i ka 2-2.5 mau makahiki, i ka pio - a hiki i 6 mau makahiki. Ma muli o kā lākou mau helu liʻiliʻi a me nā hana i nā pāpale nā ​​pepeke o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu pua, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka dormouse i ka waiwai o ka mea hōʻeuʻeu. Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea make i ka manu, manu, nā ʻōpala, nā pōhaku a me nā mea kanu ulu, a me nā mea ulu lāʻau. I ka hoʻoilo, he wā e hoʻoiho ai nā pua a me nā ʻuʻulu.

Helu

Ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi, ka mea e noho ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka palena o ka delouse hazel, ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano a ʻaʻole lehulehu. Ma ka'āina o Lūkia, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka lahui o ka dormouse hazel ma mua o 3.9 mau kānaka no ka 1 ha.

ʻO nā ʻano āpau o ka dormouse e noho ana i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Russia, kahi kūpono loa ka dormouse no ka mālamaʻana i ka home. Ua maʻalahi kēia mau holoholona a hoʻokuʻi wale i ka hānau pio.