He Kamāliʻiwahine Mookela a i ʻole Fragidia Frog he kupanaha ʻoniʻoni e noho nei i ka ua anuʻu o ka ʻāina ʻo Hawaiʻi. Hiki i ke kaona gula ke mālama i ka hoʻolaʻa no kekahi ʻohi ʻohiʻohi. ʻAʻohe mākaʻi Pelekane a me nā poʻe Pelekane e kapa aku iā ia he mantella gula a i ʻole nā ​​mantella gula.

I nā makahiki he nui, ua pili ka mantella i ka ʻohana Dendopatidae, akā naʻe, nā loiloi o ka anatomy o ka holoholona i hōʻike i kona ʻano kūlike ʻole o ka ʻohana Ranidae. I loko o ka ʻohana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia i loko o kahi monotypic kūikawā (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻokahi wale nō hua) genus Mantella.

Kiʻi Pepa Mantella

Hāʻawi ʻia ke kiʻi o kēia frog i loko o nā puke kaulana he nui ma ka herpetology, akā ua nele a ʻike ʻole paha ka biology.

E pili ana i ka ʻike o kekahi mau limahana terrarium o Moscow (O.I.Shubravy a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) hiki iā mākou ke haʻi i kēia ma kēia ʻano. Ma ke ala o ke ola a me ka hana maʻamau, hoʻokokoke nā mantella i nā ʻōpū lāʻau. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka hana nocturnal wale nō: ʻo ka hapanui o ka manawa e kāla nei ka baki ma nā mea kanu, kū kekahi i ka lepo.

Mantella koi aku i ka haehae, no laila, i ka terrace i laila e noho hou ai nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu o ka tradingcantia, nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana aroid, arrowroot. Kāla: 20-28C. Akā inā e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻeha nui nei nā mantelles i ka wela, no laila, inā ʻike ʻia ka hale ʻula i ka lā, pono i kahi e noho ai ma loko. Pēlā - ka ʻōpala o ka moʻo maloʻo. Makemake nā Frogs i nā mea ʻai manu e lele nei: lele ka hale, lele nā ​​hua, nā namu, akā hōʻole lākou i nā kūmoa liʻiliʻi a me nā crickets.

Mantella pilikino i nā maʻi like ʻole a he paʻakikī ke mālama iā lākou. ʻOiai he holoholona pilikia pilikia kēia no nā terrariums a ʻoiai i loko o nā ʻōwili nui he lahui.

Biology

16 mau baki mai ka huaʻī Mantella (Lāʻi ka ʻohana Mantellidae) ma Hawaiʻi paha, ʻoiai e noho ana kekahi ma Reunion a me nā mokupuni e kokoke mai ana. ʻO Mantellas a hiki i ka 3.5cm lōʻihi.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā kala momona i nā mea welo e hiki iā Mantella ke hoʻokuʻu i nā toxins ikaika i ka wā i hoʻoulu ʻia. Ua ʻike nā ʻomaʻomaʻo mai ka Kaleponi Kaleponi o California e hana ʻo Mantelles i kēia mau mea make a i ʻole nā ​​alkaloids mai kā lākou papaʻai. ʻO ke kumu o nā o nā mea i make, a ma ka liʻiliʻi loa no kekahi mau ʻano, Anochetus grandidieri. A eia kahi mea e kupanaha nei i ka loli hoʻololi ʻana, no ka mea, 13 o nā meaʻawa huakino i loaʻa ma ka ʻili o Mantell i ʻike pū ʻia ʻole pili ʻole ʻia me nā pōkā like ʻole e hoʻopau nei i nā popo Anochetus e kīlea i Panama!
(ka palapala: ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma kahi terrarium, ʻelua mau mantella a me nā lāʻau makeā e ho'ōki i ka hana ʻana i nā mea momona.)

Kahaiʻiwa

ʻO ka Mantellas ka mea makemake nui loa o nā kauā i kanu ʻia me nā manu ola, nā bromeliads, philodendron a me nā mea kanu e ae. ʻO ka nui o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia a me ka nui o nā hale e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā nānā maka he nui, no ka mea e maluhia nā homa a e hana ikaika.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia kahi paʻa a i ʻole ka trio i ka terrarium 45-lita, a hiki ke mālama i nā nui nui me nā mantellas i nā hui.

ʻO ka Mantelles, e like me nā pōkole huna, hoʻopau i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma ka honua a e hoʻolele maʻalahi. No laila, pono ke pae o ka wai i loaʻa i kahi 1-1,5 cm, he ipu ʻaʻo a i ʻole ke koho ʻaina ʻāpono hiki.

E hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi e hiki i nā ʻaluna ke hele ma ke aniani a puka i waho o nā ana ʻoi loa, no laila, e paʻa pono ka ʻāina a me ka uhi ʻana me ka wīwī (inā he kinai ʻia).

Kohohena

Kahi kūpono i kahi hui niu o ka niu a me kahi papa hana kalepa no nā ululāʻau ʻōiwi. ʻO ka ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​sphagnum moss pono e uhi i ka ʻili holoʻokoʻa o ka substrate e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka makuku.

Kāhoa

Kekahi pae he ʻokoʻa o ka radiation ultraviolet o spectric B he ʻokoʻa paha. A hiki i ka UVA ke kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hana kūlohelohe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana hou.

Hāpala

Noho nā Mantelles i nā kuahiwi a hohonu paha i ka nahele a koi i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea a pau e noho ai lākou ma 20-25 C, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e make inā ua nui ke koena i ka 27 ° C.

Hiki i ke kukui kukui ke hoʻomehana i ka terrarium.
Inā emi ka haʻahaʻa, hoʻāʻo i kahi ʻāpana kukui ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi, akā i kēlā me kēia mea paʻa ka haʻalulu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea hoʻomehana a i ʻole kahi māla wela i ka waiʻeleʻele. (poina. Hāʻawi ʻia nā koho no nā ʻāina hoʻoluʻu i loko o kahi ʻatikala.

Hoomaka

Pono ʻo Mantellas i ka haʻahaʻa ma ka pae o ka 80-100%, pono e mālama i kahi papakū palemele o ka moss a me ka inteely i ka terrarium. Hoʻopili maikaʻi nā ʻōnaehana pīpoki a me nā mīkini haʻahaʻa i nā hale maloʻo a me nā koikoi maloʻo.

Hānai

He mea nui maikaʻi kaʻai ʻai ʻana..
ʻO nā wīwī wale nō, ʻoiai inā pau ka pulupulu me nā mea hoʻohui, ʻaʻole kaʻai kūpono. Mai ka lōʻihi loa o ka hiki ʻana o Mantellas a hiki i ka 3.5cm ka lōʻihi, e mālama ana i ka ʻai kūpono e pono ai ka hoʻolālā pono. E mālama pono i kāu mau rana - he mau mākaʻaluna ʻōlelo palaka ʻole ka palaka, a e pili pū ka iwi pelvic.

ʻO ke kūpono, pono ke kau ʻia ka hānai i ka nui o ka nui o nā hānai e hiki mai ana:

- Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lewa paʻa, nā midges a me nā ʻalā me kahi pahele Zoo Med Bug Napper .

- Nailtail a i ʻole collembole: loaʻa i ka ulana ʻai, hiki ke ʻoki kūʻokoʻa ʻia a hiki ke hōʻoki ʻia ma lalo o nā lau hāʻule.

- Termites: ʻoki ʻia i nā lāʻau nui a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahele maʻalahi (i ka Lūkini Rūkala pili ʻole)

- He ululāʻau kulu manuahi: loaʻa no ke kūʻai aku, maʻalahi e hoʻoulu kūʻokoʻa.

- Nā noi: pono i nā hoʻokolohua, e hōʻole ʻia kekahi mau ʻano.

- Aphids: nā pepeke liʻiliʻi e kulu ana i nā kumu o nā mea kanu, i ka manawa mahana e hiki ke ʻohi ʻia i loko o ke kūlohelohe, a me kekahi mau mea hiki ke ʻoki kūʻokoʻa.

- "Palapala plankton": hōʻiliʻili nā pepeke i ka wā e hoʻolele ana i nā lau nui me kahi ʻalupu manu pōpō.

— palapala: kūpono nā pōkole Turkmen hou a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui no ka hānai ʻana i nā mantra. He mea maʻalahi lākou e hoʻokaʻawale kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka makemake nui ʻo Mantellas a ʻai ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ʻelua. He mau makaʻala ua koho ʻia kekahi brown mantella i nā ʻōpio 53 i loko o 30 mau minuke.

He mea nui e pīpī i ka hapa nui o nā mea hānai me nā kalapona kalapona me ke kīpiha like ʻole a me ka wai lāʻau me ka huaʻai me ka vitamin D3 ma lalo o 3 mau manawa i ka pule.

Vivarium no ke gula Mantella

Kākau: vivarium lāʻau me kahi pā mua alo (e pale i nā paws a me nā muzzle mai nā lāʻau kuni). Pono e pani ʻia ka vivarium me kahi uhi, no ka hiki i nā mantela ke pakele (mai poina e pili ana i ka manawa hoʻohemo pono ʻia!).
Kāleka: ka nui no 3-4 mau kanaka - 60x30x30 cm, no 10-12 mau baki - 90x40x50 cm.
Kuhi (substrate): sphagnum moss, mokulele Java.
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe / hoʻomaʻemaʻe: komo i ka mantella ikaika, no laila e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka vivarium i kēlā me kēia mau lā 5-7, inā he nui nā baki - i kēlā me kēia lā 3-4. Inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke aniani i ka manawa, e maʻi nā mantelles i nā maʻi like. No ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻohana i nā disinfectants māmā, e like me Detox. Ma hope o ka detoxification, holoi ʻia nā mea āpau ma ka wai maʻemaʻe.

Hāpai: lā i ke ao - 20-21 ° C (a hiki i 23.5 ° C ʻae ʻia), ka pō - 18-20 ° C.
Hōʻalo: ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pad wela (me ka thermostat) aia ma lalo o 1/2 o ka lalo o ka terrarium.
Mālamalama: nā kukui uila e hoʻopiha piha i nā ʻāpana UV. Nā hola o ke ao: i ke kauwela - 14 mau hola, i ka hoʻoilo (Nowemapa-Malaki) - 11 mau hola.
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: a 90%. E pīpī i ka wai i ka lā hoʻokahi.
Nūhou: piʻi i nā mea kanu (e.g. Fittonia, ivy maʻamau), ferns spiral, bromeliads, hoʻoheheʻe. K kanu mua ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o nā ipu, a laila hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi hale kai. ʻO ka lalo o nā kahe e uhi ai me ka moss.
Kūpono: kahi pā pāpaho pāpaku (2 cm hohonu, 10 cm ākea) me ka wai mālamalama. Hoʻonoho ka pahu i ka wela a me ka māmā.
Hoʻolālā: pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i nā pōhaku, nā lāʻau, nā lālā (nā mea āpau e hana ai i nā wahi huna a me nā kiʻekiʻe.

Hōʻailona Mīkini Mantella

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana: ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, hoʻomaikaʻi maoli nā kāne a hoʻomaka i ke mele. Inā hōʻike ʻole ka teritoriality o nā kāne, hīmeni maikaʻi lākou, hoʻonui i ka nui o ka hānai, a ma nā lā mahana e hoʻōla ai ka wai ma luna o ka substrate. ʻO ka hala ʻana o ka mantella e hele malū nei, ma lalo o ka ʻāʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau lāʻau. ʻAʻole pono e paʻi ʻia ka huaʻai i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ke kau ʻana. Hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i nā hua i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻelua.
Hoʻolaha palena / aquarium i ʻole: wai ka wai no nā tadpoles - 18-23 ° C.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o nā kāne a me nā wahine: 2-3: 1
Kahuli / incubation: ke hoʻohele ʻia ʻana o nā mantela i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻole. No laila, inā i loko o nā hola 18-30 ma hope o ka waiho ʻana, ʻaʻohe mau hōʻailona o ka ulu ʻana i kahi e kanu ai i nā hua, manaʻo, ʻaʻole lākou i kanu ʻia.
ʻOiahi: hatch hūkī i loko o 2-6 mau lā. Hoʻopili pinepine i nā huaʻai. I ka wā holoʻokoʻa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka tadpoles, e maopopo i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai mai ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā tadpoles. E hoʻokaʻawale i ka huelo o nā tadpoles, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau hoʻomākaukau: e hana i kahi kahakai kahakai (e waiho i ke kahakai me ka moss) i mea e hiki ai nā rana mai ka wai. A hiki i ka mantella i ka ʻāina a ulu i ka 5-10 mm, e pono e waiho i loko o kahi pahu pepa kūʻokoʻa (e waiho ana ka lalo o ka pahu me nā moss), mai poina e kau i kahi kīʻaha liʻiliʻi (2,5 cm ka diameter) me ka wai i loko. Hoʻokele nā ​​mantelles opio i nā aphids, no ka mea, he nui loa ka Drosophila no lākou. Ma kēia pae hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka make me kahi 30-50% no nā mantra, no ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. Ma hope o nā hebedoma 10-12, ua paʻi ʻia nā mantelles i nā kukui ʻulaʻula a ulu i 10-14 mm.
ʻAi i ka poʻe ʻōpio: ʻo nā ʻenpoles ka mea kanu mea kanu, akā hiki ke ʻai i ka ʻiʻo, ka ʻai iʻa (trout) a me ka lūlū (kau ʻia ka lau lūlū i lalo o ka terrace me kahi pōhaku).
Ke ulu ulu nei: pili i nā ʻano - 45-360 lā.

Nā maʻi Mantella gula

ʻO nā maʻi predisposition: maʻi nui nā maʻi kolo ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana, a inā loaʻa i ke ʻano, a laila ua maʻi mua lākou (no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke kūʻai aku i nā mantela i hānau ʻia i loko o ka hoʻopio) Me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka mantella ke maʻi me nā maʻi like ʻole. Pono nā koholā hou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia no 2 pule.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi nui: ka maʻi me nā bacteria Aeromonas hydrophilia, HRMSS (syndrome cramp syndrome ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe nui), nā maʻi āpau o nā amphibians.

Nā Manaʻo: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne o ka mantella gula ma mua o nā wahine; ʻaʻole like lākou me ka like me nā ʻano mantel ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau lāhaka ma nā ʻōpū i loko e ʻike i nā ʻulaʻula (nā ʻoka), ʻaʻole kēia o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻulaʻula "ʻulaʻula, akā ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ke gula gula.

Hale gula Mantella (Mantella aurantiaca)

Kaukaʻaka ilya 72 »Aug 04, 2014 8:58 pm

Kūlana kiko: 22-24
Meaʻai: nā pepeke liʻiliʻi

Hoʻohui a hoʻohui pū paha i ka wehewehe Hale gula Mantella (Mantella aurantiaca) hiki paha i kēia pae.
E noi i ka nīnau no Hale gula Mantella (Mantella aurantiaca) hiki i kēia ʻāpana a i ʻole hoʻi i ka ʻāpana Terrarium

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kahi pākana no nā mantelles gula

ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kēia mau baki, pono lākou i kahi terrarium ʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hōʻike nui ʻana o nā kāne i ka teritoriality: e hakakā nei lākou no nā wahi o ka hānai a me ka hānai.

No ka hui o 6 mau kanaka, kahi terrarium o 80 ma 30 e 30 mau kenimika ua kūpono. Hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ka terrace nui nā wahi e pono ai nā wahi a me nā mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kinona. Pono e helu pono ka nui o nā hale i ka nui o nā rana.

Noho kona ma nā ʻalā hulu kai, ma nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa a ma waena o nā kuahiwi.

Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o ka terrarium, akā hiki i nā pālani maʻalahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā terrariums me nā mea ola ola, me ko lākou ke nānā aku.

Pono ka papa i ka terrace e hoʻomoʻa i ka wai a ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ʻia i nā kino o nā baki. Mai hoʻohana i ka gravel, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā kāwele pepa i lalo o ka terrarium.

Pono ke kahua me ka uhi paʻa pono, ʻoiai hiki i nā ʻāpana gula ke piʻi aʻe a hiki i loko o nā crevices liʻiliʻi.

ʻAʻole ʻae kēia mau baki i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a e hoʻomaloʻo i ka ea.

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa a me ka mahana i ka terrace

Hōʻoluʻolu loa kēia mau rana. I loko o ka terrarium, e'ōlelo ʻia e mālama i ke mahana o 20-23 degere i ka lā, a ma ka pō ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i 18 degere. Ke hoʻomaka nei nā ʻike o nā mele gula i kahi mahana ma luna o 27 degere, hoʻomaka lākou e huehue i nā io, e pau ai i ka make. Akā ʻae lākou i ka hāʻule i loko o ka mahana ma kahi o 14 tikelika.

Hōʻike nui kēia mau rana i ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Inā haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa, a laila maloʻo ka mantella, a me kahi terrarium maloʻo, wikiwiki koke ka nui o kā lākou mea ola. I loko o ka terrarium, pono ke kūleʻa ka 70-100%. No kēia, ʻo ka noho o nā mantellas e kanu pinepine ʻia me ka wai, a i ʻole e hoʻonoho i kahi wai wai.

Hoʻokomo i nā mantela i nā terrariums i ke aniani hohonu me ka papa o kahi lau hygroscopic.

I ka makahiki āpau, pono ka ipu mantela i kahi wai wai, i hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o ke kaila wai. Akā e kūpono ke kahakai inā hiki i ka pōkole ke holo maluhia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole he mea nui ka lawaiʻa nui, a hiki ke kō i ka lua inā ʻole lākou mai ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka wai pā me ka lewa e hoʻoneʻe i ka chlorine a me nā metala kaumaha.

Hōʻailona Mīkini Mantella

Hoʻopili maikaʻi nā mantellas gula i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai lākou i loko o nā pūʻulu i kahi kāne he nui no kēlā me kēia wahine. No ka hoʻouluʻana i ka hana no nā malama ʻekolu, e hana ʻia kahi microclimate anu a maloʻo, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻomālamalama i 10 mau hola i ka lā. Hoʻemi ʻia ka wai o ka wai, a ʻuʻiwa ʻia ka terrarium i ʻelua mau manawa i ka pule. I kēlā manawa, pono e mālama pono ʻia ke olakino o nā holoholona me ka mālama pono, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kūpono kēia mau maʻi iā lākou. Inā nalowale kekahi mau pōpilikia a lilo i lethargic, e hoʻololi ʻia i kahi terrarium me nā kūlana maʻamau.

Nā ʻ Mpiha Hōʻailona Mīkini.

Ma hope o 2-3 mau mahina, hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana, hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka ikaika o ka hānai. I kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka manawa maloo a maloʻo, hoʻomaka nā wahine i ka nānā.

Hoʻokomo ʻo ka wahine i nā hua ma kahi pālahalaha a hoʻomehana, no ka laʻana, ma lalo o nā kumulāi o ka moss. Hoʻohui pinepine nā kāne i nā ʻāpana o ke keiki wale nō. Mai hoʻokahi masonry, hiki ke loaʻa ka helu he nui o nā tadpoles mai 10-90 kanaka. ʻO nā hua keʻokeʻo pono ʻole i loaʻa i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a laila e wikiwiki lākou i ke kala.

He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i kēlā mau baki ma ka hui ʻana, aloha nui lākou i nā ʻoihana.

Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā hua ma hope o 3 mau lā a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale kahi e ulu ai lākou. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ma luna o kahi puaʻā ma kahi ʻākoʻina o Java, no laila ʻaʻole pau i ka wai, akā hoʻopā wale nō. I loko o hoʻokahi pule, e hoʻomohala ka tadpoles i loko o ka caviar. Pono e paʻa ka ipu a mālama ia i ka makika. Hoʻopinʻi ʻia ʻo Caviar me ka wai i ka wai i mea e maʻalahi ai nā kiko.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana ʻo Golden Mantella Tadpole

ʻO nā lā mua ma hope o ka honu ʻenehana, ʻaʻole lākou i hānai ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Tadpoles i nā ipu polū me nā moss a me nā ʻōpala o nā scindapsus, i nā mea kanu huna, a hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ka maikaʻi o ka wai.

Nā keiki kuipo hou o ka mantella gula.

I ka manawa mua, ʻo ka hohonu o ka wai i loko o ka pahu pahu he 5 mau kenimika, akā no ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hoʻihoʻi ʻia i 10 mau kenimika. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ka wai pā inā e mālama ʻia me ka lewa, ʻoiai ke koi nei ka tadpoles i nā ʻano wai. Mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka wai i loko o ka waihona o 18-26 kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻaʻole pono nui loa nā ʻano luhi ʻana.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala i kahi ʻano o ka groundululina, ka chlorella lepo, nā iʻa a me nā paila no nā honu. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻanoʻai āpau i loko o ka waiho koena a hāʻawi ʻia i nā tadpoles i kēlā me kēia lā.ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohuli iā lākou, no ka mea, hao koke ka wai. ʻAi pū kekahi ʻo Tadpoles i nā algae mai nā paia o ka pahu a me nā hoa make.

I nā pākeke, nā kelepona kūloko e huna i nā mea ʻala e like me Pumiliotoxin, Allopumiliotoxin, Homopumiliotoxin, etc.

ʻAʻole kānalua ka wai i ka wai, akā e loli mau nei, ʻoiai ke kahe ʻana o ka wai i ka ʻōpala ʻōpala. I nā lā a pau, ke hoʻololi ʻia nei he 1/3 o ka wai, a ua loli maoli nō, ke kū wale nō nā pilikia.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka tadpoles mai nā manonry like ʻole i kū like i ke ala like. Ke ulu nui nei ʻo Tadpoles ma kahi o 4-8 mau pule. Ke ulu nei kā lākou mau puʻuwai, puka lākou i ka wai, i kēia manawa ua hoʻokomo koke ʻia lākou i loko o kahi pahu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā wai heʻe aʻe o ka 1,3 sentimita. Laula pū ʻia kēia pahu.

Ke kahe ʻia ka huelo ma ka tadpoles, kanu ʻia nā baki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka jade me nā kāwele pepa ʻūlū ma lalo. Pono nā pale, nā lau lāʻau, nā lau scindapsus, a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu i ka mea i make.

Wahi a ka helu IUCN, ʻo ka lehulehu o nā lālani o nā ʻano Mantella Golden, ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana ma nā ʻulā ʻōlau, ua helu ʻia i ka Endangered Spiesies (CR) a me ka pilikia o ka pau ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻōpiopio ʻo Mantella ʻōpio

Ke nalowale nei ka huelo, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā rana ka 7-10 milimita. I kēia manawa loaʻa kahi kala kala-brown. ʻAi ʻia ka baki me nā pepeke liʻiliʻi. Pono nā Drosophila a me nā manu hou i kūpono no kēia kumu.

Inā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi na rana a hiki ʻole i nā kīʻaha pono ʻole, a laila waiho i nā ʻāpana o ka lau o ka humus mai ke alanui i loko o ka ipu, kahi e loaʻa ai nā haka no nā pepeke liʻiliʻi.

I ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā rana i ka 2 mau mahina, ua hoʻohili ʻia lākou i loko o kahi pahu me kahi lepo maloʻo, aia kahi mau pōhaku, ʻoki a me nā mea kanu lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau no nā pā.

Ke nānā ʻia nei hoʻi nā baki, a me nā pelekele gula ʻelemakule, ʻo ke alapine o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā loli. Pono nā ʻōpiopio i nā meaʻai ma ka terrarium. 3-8 mau mahina ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o nā bako i ka wai, loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻōpiopio.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Maʻolelo

Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa ʻepekema e hoʻonani ai i ka American entomologist o Czech i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo James Zetek, ka mea i lilo i mea kaulana no kāna noiʻi ʻana i ka ʻano o ka hopena o nā mea kemikino ma nā termite a pehea e pale ai i nā ukana mai ka hoʻouka ʻana. Ua kau ʻia kona kiʻi ma luna o nā tiketi o ka lotiona Panamanian o ke aupuni, no laila he nui nā mea e ʻike nei he hōʻailona ia o ke ʻano.

ʻO kēia amphibian kekahi o nā mea ola nui i loaʻa ʻole o kā mākou honua. I mea e pale ai i nā mea wīlolo, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino ona ka neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, he hopena neuroparalytic. Loaʻa kāna ʻike e hoʻouna i nā poʻe he nui i ka honua e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka hana kuʻuna a nā ʻĀina kūloko iā lākou me nā pua i mua o ka hopu a loaʻa i kēia mau mea pōʻino akā maikaʻi a like me nā holoholona.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne hiki i 35-47 cm, a ʻo nā wahine 45-63 mm. ʻO nā paona mai ka 4 a hiki i ka 15 g.

ʻOnoʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha ka ʻili o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui nā wahi ākea o nā ʻano like ʻole. Paku liʻiliʻi i ke poʻo i ka muzzle pōkole. Aia nā maka nui me nā haumāna elliptical i waena o nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo i mua. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā pepeiao, ua uhi ʻia ka eardrum i ka ʻili. Aia nā kūpeʻe lahilahi ma hope o nā maka.

Kālā

ʻO Atelope Tseteka kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻauʻohana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Loaʻa i kēia manawa i nā wahi waena o Panama. Ua mālama ʻia ka helu hope o ka frog gula i nā panalāʻau o Western Panama a me Kokle. Noho lākou i kahi kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o El Valle de Anton a ma Altos de Campana National Park ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o 330-1300 m ma mua o ke kai.

ʻO nā koina Atelopus zeteki i kēia manawa i ka hōʻikeʻuhao. Ma ka mokupuni ʻo Houston Zoo (USA), e hana ʻia ana ka hana no ka hoʻopio ʻana me ka noho ʻana o ka noho kūlohelohe. Noho nā ʻAmelika i nā wana ulu a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nohona terrestrial a me nā ola arboreal ola.

Hoʻokū pinepine ʻia nā rana me ka nui o ka maʻi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala i ka pale ʻole e kūʻē iā ia, kahi i hoʻohemo ʻia ai i ka helu hōʻeha. ʻO nā mea e pono ai ka lāʻau maʻi no ka hōʻemi ʻia.

Kamaʻilio ʻana

Ua kamaʻilio nā rula gula Panamanian ma waena me ke kani ʻana o ke kani a me ka ulu ʻana o ka wāwae i nā wāwae. ʻO ka mea ʻike kaua o ka ʻike kamaʻāina he nui a hiki ke hoʻouna i kahi ʻike he nui. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea i kūkulu ʻia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hierarchical, ʻoihana pili, e hōʻike ai i ka huhū a i ʻole ka hoaloha.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe ola ʻo amphibians i ke kūlana o nā limahana o ka manequins inanimate e like me ke kāhea e hana, hiki iā lākou, ma hope o ka hui like ʻole, hele mai me ka huhū maoli a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā hoa kūloko like ʻole. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona kani e hili aku ai i nā kāne o ka wahine ʻē a i ka hihia.

Mea ʻai

Hoʻokomo ʻo nā ʻōlima ma nā microorganisms, ʻai nā pākeke i nā mea inikini, spider a millipedes. Hōʻalo ʻia ka hana i ka wā o ke ao. ʻIke ʻia ka hopena o kāna hana i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi.

Ke ʻimi nui nei ka rana ma ka nui o ka ʻili o ka lepo, e hele ana ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka palu.

Inā pono, lele lele a lele i nā lālā a loaʻa nā trophies ma laila. Holo ka mea hoʻoiho mai kahi ʻanekele, e hopu ana i kahi mea i ka hoʻowalewale i ka wikiwiki o ka lehelehe.

ʻAno hānau

Ua hiki i ka baki gula ma ka wā ʻōpiopio i hoʻokahi makahiki. Hana ʻia ka mākele i ke kauwela i ka wā hoʻoilo, i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai nā kai, no laila, no ka hlo, nā pulu manu i piha i ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā puʻu e hoʻohana ʻia.

He lei palehalelo ʻo Males e moe i nā wahine. Ke hoʻolei nei ʻo Caviar a me kāna māhuahua i ka manawa like. Ma kahi pākuhi i kahi o nā 100 huaʻai, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 70-90% e hoʻohālikelike ʻia.

No kekahi mau lā, ʻo ke kāne wale nō ke kiaʻi ma ka masonry, ke kali nei no ka hānau ʻana o ka hua mai ka wā e hoʻomau ʻia ka pīhoihoi.

Inā i kēia manawa ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka umu a i ʻole ka pohā, a laila hoʻoneʻe ka makua kāne mālama i kāna mau keiki i kahi o ke kō.

Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻonui ʻana o Tadpole i nā 4 wiki. ʻO ka hemahema o ka meaʻai e alakaʻi ai i ka cannibalism ma waena o nā huaʻai. ʻO ka poʻe pōmaikaʻi e hoʻopiʻi nei i ka metamorphosis holoʻokoʻa a hoʻohuli i nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio i ka 10 mm ka lōʻihi a e kaupaona ana i ka poʻe g 1. He mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a emi iki nā wā e ulu ai lākou.

ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, ʻaʻole nā ​​mea palaka pōpilikia. I nā pākeke, huna nā poloka kūloko i nā toxins e like me Pumiliotoxin, Allopumiliotoxin, Homopumiliotoxin, Pyrrolizidine, Indolizidine a me Quinolizidine, e pale aku i nā baki mai nā maʻi pāpaʻi a me nā maʻi fungal, a me nā mea hōʻeuʻeu. ʻO ka puana a me ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpoʻeleʻa i hoʻohana ʻia e nā māniha gula i hilinaʻi ʻia i kā lākou papa a me ka noho ʻana, ʻoiai paha ke kime a me nā termite i hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai, he kumu ia no lākou.

ʻO ka pale honua

Wahi a ka helu IUCN, ʻo ka lehulehu o nā lālani o nā ʻano o Mantella Golden, ma muli o ka hoʻopulapula ʻōwili ʻana o ka ulu lāʻau ʻōlau, ua helu ʻia i ka Endangered Spiesies (CR) a ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make. I nā makahiki 1990, ua lawe ikaika ʻia nā ʻoni gula a lawe ʻia i nā wahi nui ma waho o nā wahi ʻē aʻe, kahi e kūʻai ʻia aku ai i nā terrariums pilikino. I ka makahiki 2006, ua kau ʻia ka hoʻolaha o kēia ʻano mau baki i nā ʻāina o ka Community Community i lalo o kahi pāpā. I kēia manawa, aia nā mantels gula a ua noiʻi ʻia ma ka honua i loko o 35 zoos a me nā ʻepekema ʻepekema.

Nā kūlana o ka paʻa

No ka mālamaʻana, pono ʻoe i kahi terrarium haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi, i pani ʻia ma luna me kahi ʻāʻā a me ka aniani paha (e mālama i ka hina). Pono nā raka ma ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe - 85 - 95%, no kēia mea ka hoʻōla ʻia kēia terrarium mai ka pāʻai me ka wai mahana. Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e kau i kekahi mau nāho i nā ʻōpū mai nā ʻōpū o nā ʻano a me nā ihu. Pono ka ʻuhinu inu, kahi mau mea maʻalahi e hele aku ai i nā baki. ʻO ka lepo kahi hui o nā lau nani, puʻu lāʻau a me ka maʻa a i ʻole ka sphagnum, ma luna ka uhi ʻia ia me ka uluna o ka moʻo. ʻO ka mahana i ka lā - 25, i ka pō - 20 ° C. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hānai ʻana: i ka hoʻoilo, mālama ʻia nā mantela i kahi mahana o 5-10 ° С no ʻelua mahina. ʻAʻole ʻae kēia mau baki i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a e hoʻomaloʻo i ka ea.

Pono ka loko kai liʻiliʻi i ka territory, ka wai wai i ʻole e kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 2-3 cm. Nā lāʻau kuahiwi hoʻoluʻu ʻia me kahi mahana o 15-24 ° C a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 90%). Ua mau ka ua ma kahi o ʻeono mahina: mai Nowemapa a Malaki, ua hāʻule ka manawa maloʻo (ʻoi aku ka lewa) i ʻApelila-ʻOkakopa. Hiki i ka mantella gula ke loaʻa ma luna o ka lepo a me nā ʻāina, ma lalo o nā lau i hāʻule a i ʻole nā ​​aa lāʻau.