ʻO Redfoot, a i ʻole nā ibis Kepani (Nipponia nippon) - ke kūlike o ka genis red-legged ibis. ʻO kona polima he kapa ʻala a pinkish, ka pālahalaha loa i ka hulu hulu a me ka huelo, he lepo nā ʻūhā, nā ʻāpana o ke poʻo a puni ka ʻaka a me nā maka he ʻulaʻulaʻula, ʻo ka beak ka ʻalani me kahi topula ulaula, he pulu ʻula a puni nā maka, ʻulaʻula nā maka, ma ka nape o kahi piko o nā hulu elongated. Ma ka pūnāwai, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ibis i ka wā hānai, hina ka plumage.
Nā hōʻailona waho
ʻO ka ibis kahe ʻulaʻula he ʻelele nui o kahi ʻano, hiki i ka lōʻihi o kona kino ke hiki i 78.5 cm. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i kona ʻano pelemele keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā hulu wale ma ka ʻōpū o ka huʻu a ʻulaʻula iki. ʻO ka hapalua o ke poʻo o ke manu ka ʻulaʻula, ʻōwili ʻia ka ʻili a nāʻu. Kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia kahi hulu ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo. ʻĀ ke lōʻihi a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ke beak.
Hoʻopuka a hoʻoili
ʻO nā ibis wāwae ulaula - he manu ʻona nui, weliweli, i kākau ʻia ma ka Puke ʻaha o ka Russian Federation a me ka International Red Book.
I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua nui nā ʻano manu ka ʻulaʻula ulaula a noho ma Central China a me Iapana, a ma ka ʻĀwaliwala Lū Hikaka. Ma ia hope iho, e pili ana me ka hopu ʻana i ka ibis e like me nā mea kīhāpai o nā mahina ʻai, a me ka ʻai, ke hāʻule ʻana o nā lāʻau a lākou e moena ai a me ka ʻāhewa ʻana i nā manu me nā mea hihiu e hū ʻia ana i ka māla laʻu, ua kahe i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pālahalaha. No kekahi mau manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ibis kao ulaula i pau loa, no ka mea, ua paʻa nā manu 5 hope i Iapana me ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia. Ma kahi make ʻole, ma ka makahiki 1981, ua ʻike ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o nā manu i waena o Kina, nona ka 4 manu makua a me 3 mau moa. ʻO ka mea pōpō, i ka wā e hiki mai ana kēia mau kānaka i ka ulu ulu ʻana o nā helu, a ma ka 2002 ua loaʻa he 140 mau manu. I ka hoʻo pio ʻia ʻana, hoʻomaka ka hānai ʻulaʻula i ka maikaʻi, a ma nā hale hoʻomalu ʻelua i loaʻa iā lākou he 130 o lākou. Ua hōʻike ka helu o nā manu hihiu i ka helu ʻana o kā lākou helu he 500, he nui ka poʻe ʻōpio.
Ma kona wahi e noho ai
I nā XIX kenekulia, ʻo ka ibis kao ulaula he ʻano nui ia i noho i Central China, Iapana a me ka Far East o Rusia. Ma nā wahi hema, ua alakaʻi ka ʻihi i ke ola maʻamau. I kēia mau lā, aneane pau loa kēia mau manu hihiu mai ka hapa nui o kā lākou wahi kūlohelohe. Nā awāwa wai ʻōpū, nā ona kahe me nā lae, nā pānaʻi - nā ʻāpana kēia i makemake nui ʻia e nā ibis ulaula.
Lāiau a me kaʻai kino
ʻO nā ibis wāwae ulaula noho i nā awāwa nā awāwa, nā pāpū me nā loko a me nā pā laiki. Hōʻele ka manu i ka pō ma nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe i ka nahele, hānai i nā kumulāhi pāpaku me ka hohonu o ka 10-15 cm, kahi lākou e hānai ai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā iʻa, nā mollusks a me nā invertebrates wai, nā reptile a me nā baki.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka ibis ka lei i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i nā ʻaina mau loa a me ka pūnana ma nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi loa ma nā ʻili a me nā lāʻau. ʻO ka kīkī a nā mākua a ka incubate i kūlike no 3-4 mau hua. Noho ka Incubation i 28 mau lā. 40 lā ma hope o ka huki ʻana, kū nā pēpē ma luna o ka ʻēheu. Noho nā manu ʻōpio me ko lākou mau mākua a hiki i ka hāʻule, a laila hoʻohui i nā ʻohana.
He hoihoi
He ʻokoʻa nā manu manu ʻole ʻo Ibis. Nui nā moʻolelo a me nā moʻomeheu e pili ana me lākou. Wahi a kekahi moʻolelo, ʻo ia ka ibis nāna i hoʻokuʻu iā Noa mai kāna pahu ma hope o ke kai ʻana. Ua alakaʻi ka manu i nā kānaka mai ka wāwae o ka mauna ʻo Ararat a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe, kahi a Noa i noho ai me kona ʻohana. A hiki i kēia lā, ua mālama ʻia kahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha i nā ibis i ke kūlanakauhale Tureke o Birejik.
I loko o ke Kauka ʻAmelika o Lūkia
ʻO ka ʻulaʻula ulana, a i ʻole ʻāpono paha, ʻo ibis ka mea wale nō i ka ʻano o kāna ʻano, ʻaʻole paha e haki hou iā Rusia. I ka wā i hala aku nei, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ana kā lākou pae ʻāina mai ka ʻAulene ʻAmelika a i ka mokupuni ʻo Iapana. I nā kenekulia 19, ua hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia nā pūnaewele hānai manu ʻulaʻula ʻokoʻa ma Rūsia.
Akā, i nā makahiki 20 i hala iho nei, ua kipa ka hui me kēia mau manu ma ka nahelehele e manaʻo ʻia e nā ornithologists he lanakila maoli. ʻO ka wā hope loa ia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mahina ʻo Iukāneka ʻelua mau kahe manu ulaula ma Lūkini 1990 ma ka waha o ka muliwai Bolshaya Iska ma ka ʻāina ʻo Amur. ʻO ka kenekulia XX he huli ia i ke ola o nā manu, no ka mea ma 1923 i Iapana, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano.
Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o nā wahi i mālama ʻia ʻo ka Land Rising Sun, ma ka mokupuni o Sado lāua ʻo Noto Peninsula, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā manu manuahi ka nui he iwakālua. ʻOiai ʻo nā hana ikaika a ka hopena o ka makahiki 1981 ʻehiku wale nō i hoʻopakele ʻia. No ke kōkua ʻana iā lākou e ola a māhuahua, ua hana nui kahi hui hana kūikawā - ua neʻe ʻia nā manu mai ka hihi. I kēia mau lā, ʻo ka honua ka nui o nā ibis ulaula i loaʻa ma kahi o 250 mau kānaka. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi nui i nā ʻano, ʻo ka ʻawaʻawa, ka hoʻomakeke ʻana i ke kaiāulu, ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lāʻau kahiko e kūkulu ai nā manu e ko lākou ʻuʻuku.
ʻO keʻano
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka manu e ka plumage keʻokeʻo me ka hue pink, ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma nā hulu a me nā hulu manu. I ka lele e like me ka manu ʻulaʻula piha loa. ʻO nā wāwae, a ʻulaʻula hoʻi kahi wahi o ke poʻo. Eia kekahi, ua hala ka plumage i kēia mau wahi.
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ʻO ka beak ʻeleʻele lōʻihi e pau i kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula. Kōkele nā iris. ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā hulu ʻili ma ke kua o ke poʻo. I ka manawa hana, loaʻa ke kala i ke kala hina.
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Hoʻaiho
ʻAʻole lōʻihi i hala, ua nui ka ʻike. Loaʻa ia ma ka hapa nui ma Asia. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i kūkulu ʻia nā nika ma Korea. Ma ka Lūkini Rūsia ua māhele ʻia ma ka ʻāina Prikhanai. I Iapana a me Kina ua hoʻohaumia. Eia naʻe, ua neʻe naʻe lākou mai Amur a i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.
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ʻAʻohe ʻike ʻike pololei o kēia wahi. I kekahi manawa aia i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻAmelika Amur a me Primorye. Loaʻa no hoʻi ma nā wahi o Korea a me Kina. ʻO ka hui hope o nā manu manuahi i ka Rūkia Lūkini i loaʻa i ka makahiki 1990 ma ka Amur Region. I ka wā hele, ua puka lākou ma Southern Primorye, kahi i pau ai lākou i ka winters.
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Paʻi ʻia nei ka manu e piʻi i nā awāwa ma nā awāwa. Loaʻa pū kekahi i ka mahiʻai a me nā wahi kokoke i nā loko. Hoʻolilo ʻia nā pō ma nā lālā lāʻau, piʻi kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā hānai, hoʻokomo pinepine lākou i nā cranes.
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Ke ola kūpaʻa Japanese
Noho kēia mau manu i nā awāwa wai awāwa, i nā pā lae a me nā loko. ʻO ka pō i loko o nā kumulāʻau, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka ʻāina. Ma ka hoʻomaha a me ka wā e hānai ai, ua hui pinepine ʻia nā ibis heʻula ʻulaʻula me nā cranes. ʻO ka papa ʻai ʻana i nā ibis Iapana kahi i loko o ka wai ʻai, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā reptile. Paʻu lākou i nā loko wai pāpaku, ka hohonu o ka mea ʻaʻole i oi aku i nā 15 kenimika.
Ibis hoʻi manuahi laʻa (Nipponia nippon).
Hana lākou i nā nest i nā puʻu kiʻekiʻe, i ke kiʻekiʻe o 15-20 mika mai ka lepo, a a hiki i ka kenekulia 19 ua laha ʻia lākou ma nā kahawai o Primorye. I ka wā lele, ua hālāwai mau lākou i Southern Primorye, kahi e hoʻoilo ai i kekahi manawa i kekahi manawa.
He manu manuahi paha nā Japanese ibis Iapana. I loko o kahi i kuʻi ʻia he 3-4 mau huaʻai a nā mākua ʻelua. Makahiki ka manawa incubation he 28 mau lā. I ka lā 40 o ke ola, e kū ana nā moa aniani i ulana manu. Ke noho mau nei ka wā'ōpiopio me nā mākua a hiki i ka hāʻule, a ma hope o ka hui ʻana i nā kula.
ʻO ka helu o nā ibis kaena i ka wā i hala
ʻOiai i ke kenekulia hope, ua hoʻomāhuahua loa ka noho ʻana o nā ibis Kepani mai ka Northeast China a hiki i ke komohana a me ka hema. Ma Iapana, ua maʻamau nā manu, e noho ana lākou mai Kyushu a hiki iā Hokkaido. A ma Korea, ʻaʻole lākou i moʻowela. Ma ka'āina o Lūkia, kahi i noho ai ka ʻohana ibis Iapana kahi hapa o ka palena o kahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo Khanka lowland a me ka waena waena o Amur. ʻO ka hapa o nā Kepani a ʻoi aku paha, ka poʻe Sīsia i alakaʻi i ke ola maʻalahi, akā ua lele nā manu i ka Amur no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ibis kao ulaula i hōʻike ʻia e ka plumage keʻokeʻo o kahi pale pale pink, ʻoi aku ka ikaika i ka hulu a me ka huelo.
I nā lā ma mua, ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe loa ka helu o ka ibis mau kaoiki, ʻoiai ʻo Przhevalsky i ʻike he 20 wale nō poʻe i loaʻa i loko o ka loko o Lake Khanka. Akā ʻo kēia ka pau ʻana o ka pae.
I nā makahiki he iwakāluakūmākahi, ua mālama ʻia kahi neʻe ʻana o ʻAmelika ma Kina, e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ibis ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia he manu maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ka helu kiko ʻana o kēia mau manu. I ka makahiki 1909, ʻike ka mea kipa Rusia P. Kozlov ma Gansu i kahi kolamu o nā helu ibis he 10 mau kānaka - ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia helu he kiʻekiʻe. Mai ia manawa, ʻaʻohe ʻike kikoʻī i pili i ka nui o nā ibis ulaula i Kina, akā ʻike ʻia ua ʻoki ʻia nā pōpoki kahiko ma ka moku ʻo Shaanxi i ka makahiki 1958, ma muli o ia mau ibises e ʻohi lōʻihi nei i hala ma laila.
Nā manaolana o collapsed
Ma Iapana, i ka makahiki 1867-1868, ua paʻa ʻole nā palena o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, mai ka manawa o ka manawa ua hoʻomaka ka luku ʻana i nā kūmake Kepani. Ua hilinaʻi nui kēia mau manu i kānaka, a me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā pū, hoʻomaka koke lākou e nalowale. I ka makahiki 1890, ua aneane ua mau ʻuli manu ulaula i Iapana. Hoʻokahi wale nā hui liʻiliʻi o nā ibis ulaula i hiki ke ola i nā mokupuni o Honshu, Sado a me Noto.
ʻO nā ʻano manu ʻinee keu loa - ka ibis laikini ulaula - ua kākau ʻia i loko o ka Red Book o ka Russian Federation a me ka International Red Book.
I ka 1893, ua hana ʻia nā wahi i pale ʻia mai nā wahi hope loa o ka ʻolia. Akā ʻo ka pale ʻana o nā manu he mea maʻamau wale nō, a hoʻomau ka helu o ka ibis a Iapana. Aia ma ka 1923 ua pau loa lākou.
Akā i ka makahiki 1931, ua loaʻa i 2 mau kanaka ma Nigat, ma muli o kahi i manaʻo ʻia e nā poʻe ʻepekema a ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia nā noiʻi hou. I ka noiʻi 'ana i 1932-1934, kokoke 100 ka poʻe o nā ibis Iapana i loaʻa ma nā nāhelehele mamao loa o Noto a me Sado. ʻO kēia manawa ua hana lākou i nā mea pale koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka ibis ka lei aliʻi i kapa ʻia he monemeni kūloko.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i pili nā hana palekana i nā ʻohana āpau o ka ibis ulaula, no laila ke hoʻomau ʻia nei ka luku ʻana i nā nahele. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka pōkoi, no laila ua hoʻomau ka helu o kēia mau manu e ʻike. ʻO 2 mau makahiki wale nō ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻia o ka ibis he monument maoli, ua hōʻemi ko lākou helu mai 100 mau kanaka a i 27.
40 lā ma hope o ka huki ʻana, kū aʻe nā ʻōpio Kepani i luna o ka ʻēheu.
ʻO ka hakakā ʻana o ka ibis ulaula hope loa no ke ola ʻana
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua Honua, ʻaʻole i hopohopo ka hopena o ka Iāpana ibis. Akā ka nā ibis i ola ai i ke kaua. I ka makahiki 1952, 24 mau ibis kao ulaula i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka mokupuni o Sado. I ka makahiki 1954, ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia kahi papa maoli ma lalo, nona ka ʻāina he 4376 he ʻeka. Ua papa ʻia ka lele ʻana ma ka ʻāina o kēia waihona.
Hoʻomaka ikaika mau pūnaewele nā māla a me nā wahi i ulana ai nā ʻano manu ulaula manuahi. Eia naʻe, naʻe, i ka manawa ua mālama ikaika ʻia nā māla lae me nā pesticides, ka mea nona ka mercury. Ua hōʻike ka loiloi o ka poʻe make i ka mercury i nā manu aia i loko o nā momona, nā pihi ʻūpū a hiki i nā iwi.
I ka makahiki 1962, ua pāpā ʻia ʻia ke kumulāʻau i nā kumulāʻau. ʻAʻole hana ʻole nā kolana huna e ʻai ai, a i ka hoʻoilo, ua hānai lākou i nā manu. Akā ua hala iki paha kēia mau hana. I ka makahiki 1960, ua noho wale he 6 mau ibis Iapana, ma 1966 ka nui o ko lākou helu he 10 o kēlā me kēia, akā laila hāʻule hou kā lākou helu. I kēia lā, ʻo kēia ʻōpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa o ka ibis Iapana e noho kiʻekiʻe ma nā kuahiwi a ʻaʻole lākou e hānai i nā mahina i hoʻopilikia ʻia me nā pesticides.
ʻ nlele ka ʻōpiopio manu ulaula ka moe ʻana i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe ma ka nahele.
A hiki i ka makahiki 1974, hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ʻo ibis, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka nui o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio e ʻai i nā māla, kahi i make ai lākou mai ka mercury a me nā poimana. ʻAʻole hoʻi kahi kanaka uʻi hoʻokahi i hoʻihoʻi.
Ma 1975, e like me ka manawa, ua hana ʻia nā masonry, akā, ʻaʻole i poka mai nā moa mai nā hua. Ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau, loaʻa kahi ʻōpala o nā hua i haki ʻia. Hoʻomaka kēia ʻano i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēlā me kēia wai. Ua loiloi ʻia ka ʻili, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka ʻiʻo i ʻole ka ʻā nāʻu. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa paha ke kumu, he infertility a i ʻole he hōʻeuʻi ʻia e ka poʻe wānana, no ka laʻana, ka meli e pili ana i nā pūnana i ke kaū.
I ka makahiki 1978, ʻoki ʻia nā hua he 3 mai nā nests, ua hoʻouna ʻia lākou i ka Ueno Zoo ma Tokyo no ka ulu ʻana i kahi incubator. I nā hua ʻekolu a pau ʻaʻole i kūpono. No ke aha ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kēia mea. Wahi a kahi noiʻi 1977, ua ola ʻo 8 Iapana he ibis wale nō ma ka mokupuni o Saldo.
Ma ka Pae ʻo Noto ma 1930, aia kekahi ʻōpio liʻiliʻi ʻepy ulaula, i piha ʻia nā manu 5-10, akā i ka makahiki 1956 ua pau ka hana ʻana i ka pūnana a i ka makahiki 1966 ua nalowale loa.
Noho kēia mau manu nani i nā awāwa i nā awāwa, nā awāwa me nā kahe a me ka mahiʻai
Hoʻopau i nā ola hou ʻana i ka nui o nā ibis kahelehele wāwae ulaula
Ma Iapana i 1966, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau manu i loko o ka noho pio ʻana. No kēia mea, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi nui aviary, kahi i waiho ai ma ke kikowaena o ka nui o ka ibis Iapana, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka mokupuni o Sado.
Mai ka makahiki 1966 a hiki i 1967, ua hopu ʻia nā manu ʻōpio 6 mai ke ʻano maoli, akā no lākou āpau, koe wale nō hoʻokahi kanaka, ʻaʻole i make loa ka maʻi maʻi. Mai ia manawa, ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ka Iapana e hoʻohiki i ka ibis i ka noho pio ʻana. Akā ʻo ke ola koe ʻo nā mea manu kāne i ulaula manu a ulaula.
ʻO ke kaumaha kaumaha o ke koena o ka nui o ka Iapana ibis
I ka makahiki 1972, ma Kina, ma ka hema o Shaanxi, ua loaʻa nā ʻili manu ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ʻia ma kahi i hana ai nā wahi hoʻoneʻe. Aia ke manaʻolana i kahi liʻiliʻi ma kahi hapa o ke kolone i hiki ai ke ola. Aia hoʻi ma ka Tienqing Zoo, hoʻokahi mea ola.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa paha, i loko o kā mākou'āina ua pau loa ka ibis ulaula i kēia lā.
I ko mākou ʻāina, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā ibis Kepani i nā makahiki i hala. No ka hoʻohālikelike, loaʻa nā manu ma ka mokupuni o Kaluga i ka makahiki 1926, i ka makahiki 1938 ma ka muliwai Bolshaya Ussurka, i ka makahiki 1940 ma ka muliwai Bikin, i ka makahiki 1949 ma ka muliwai Amur, a i ka makahiki 1963 ma ka wai o Khasan. Aia nō hoʻi kahi ʻike e pili ana i ka hālāwai o kēia mau manu i nā makahiki i hala, akā ʻaʻole lākou i hilinaʻi.
ʻO Zoologist J. Archibald no Canada i ka makahiki 1974 ua loaʻa iā 4 mau kānaka manu ʻula hoʻi ʻulaʻula ma ka palena o Kealiu o South a me DPRK. Akā i ka makahiki 1978 hoʻokahi wale nō ka mea i loaʻa ma aneʻi, a ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki - he kope hoʻokahi wale nō. Ua hoʻāʻo lākou e hopu iā ia no ka pio, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mea.
Hiki i nā ala e hoʻopakele i nā ibis ulaula
Aia he ola kei ka ola o kēia ʻano? E pono e ʻōlelo pololei me ka paʻakikī o ke ʻano ʻo ka ibis kaila ulaula. ʻO ka manawa wale e pale ai i ka ibis Kepani mai ka make make loa ʻo ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka heluna kanaka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i hiki ke hoʻoulu.
Mālama i nā waihona waiʻu me ka hohonu o ka cm o 10-15 cm E hānai i nā invertebrates aquatic, reptiles, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia kahi manawa e hopu ai i nā mea a pau e noho ana ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sado, e hoʻopili i kahi kāne pio i kā lākou, a hoʻouna aku i kēia mau manu i Tokyo, i Tamo Zoo, kahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ai nā ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi heluna kanaka i ʻEnelani, ma ka Jersey Trust. Noho nui nā koloni manuahi i ka ibo o ka Jersey Zoo, ʻo ia nō paha a ʻo nā manu ʻona akā maikaʻi i nā ʻūhā Sado e hoʻomaka e hānai i kēia siʻu. Akā aia kekahi mau pilikia maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i mākaukau ke aupuni o Iapana e hoʻoholo i ka hopu ʻana i nā manu, ʻo ia kahi o ke ʻano kūlohelohe kūloko a hoʻouna iā lākou i waho. Akā e hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i kēia mau hanana i ka lehulehu.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Kūpono
He waiho kala kala ka ʻāpana o Ibis. Aia kekahi mauʻano keʻokeʻo. Aia nā hulu me ka uliuli, hina, ka emerald, nā kala hulu kala.ʻO kahi mea i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia o ka ʻohana ibis ka ʻulaʻula (ʻulaʻula). Ke kino, ke ʻāʻī, ke poʻo, ka huelo a me nā wāwae o kēia manu i ʻāpana ʻia i ka ʻālamalama ʻulaʻula.
Ua hele ʻo Ibis ma ka wai
I kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o ka ibis, hoʻohui ʻia ke kala nui e nā pale e hoʻohālikelike ʻia. No ka laʻana, ma ka manu kaila ʻulaʻula, kūleʻa ke poʻo a ʻulaʻula, a he ʻulaʻula paha ka ʻāʻī, nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o ke kino o ka ʻulaʻula ulaula ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, nā pipi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻia i keʻokeʻo, aʻo ka huelo a me ka ʻāʻeleʻele ka hina. Hāʻawi ka ibis ʻōpiopio i ka wai ʻula, ʻulaʻula o ka peni. Me kēlā me kēia molt, maloʻo ke kala o nā hulu.
Kiʻi kokoke i ibis
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano o ka ibis ka beak. ʻO ka lōʻihi, ʻeleʻele, ke kāohi i ka hope. ʻO kēia ʻāpana o ke kino he mea hānai holoholona, no laila, ma ke ʻano maoli, he ikaika a ikaika ka puhaka o ka manu. Ma kekahi mau ʻōiwi ʻoi ka ibis, ua pālahalaha ʻia ke kumu o ka beak, kahi e ʻae ʻia ai ka manu i nā holoholona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Hoʻokomo nā manu i kahi beak lōʻihi i ka lalo haʻalulu a, ʻeliʻuku iā ia, e ʻimi a ʻike i ka waiwai. Me ke kōkua o kahi luʻu lōʻihi, loaʻa iā lākou nā meaʻai i nā kahawai o nā pōhaku a me nā lua hohonu. ʻAʻole pili ka ʻōlelo i ka ʻai, me ka mea e atrophied ma muli o ka ulu ʻana.
Mālama
Laha ʻia o nā ibis e ka loko
Kahi ʻohana ʻohana ibis e māhele ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā ʻāpana ʻākau. ʻO kēia nā manu thermophilic e koho i nā tropics a me subtropics no ke ola, me nā mea loaʻa ʻole kaʻona i nā latitude haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ʻumi o nā ʻīhū ka nui o nā ʻūhā i ʻāmi hikina o ʻApelika, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau-komohana o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Australia. Me nā ʻokoʻa ʻole, hoʻonoho ʻo ibis i ʻEulopa a me Rūsia.
Hoʻaiho
Ibis e ka wai
ʻO Ibis ka hui o nā manu kokoke-wai. Makemake nā manu i ka pili ʻana i nā wai wai, ʻoiai lākou e hānai nui ana i nā holoholona aku. No nā manu hānai i koho i kahi ākea ākea - nā kihi lāʻau, nā awāwa muliwai. ʻAʻole pili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano ʻo ibis, e like me ka warty ibis, i pili ʻole i nā kino wai a hoʻolako i ko lākou mau hale i nā wahi maloʻo. ʻAi lākou i ka hānai no nāebrebrates liʻiliʻi a me nā meaʻai kanu. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Ibis ma nā kapahipa a me nā savannahs, rock-semi-desres.
Ibis: manu melratory a i ʻole
ʻAppedheʻe ʻo Ibis i kona mau eheu
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ibis ka migratory. Ke lele nei nā pua i noho ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i Kolombia, ʻEkuador, a me Venezuela i ka hoʻoilo. Lele nā manu ʻEulopa i ʻAmelika a me Asia no ka ua anuanu. Lele nā manu ʻo Iapana i luna o ke kauwela a hiki i Australia. E alakaʻi ana nā ʻano ʻē aʻe "hema" i kahi ola luhi, akā, i ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai a lākou e hele ai ma waena o ka palena, e neʻe ana mai ka kahua hana no nā mau kaukani mau mile.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ke ʻano ʻo ibis i ka wao nahele
ʻO ka ʻai ibis nona nā pūpū liʻiliʻi a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi. Holo manu nā manu mollusks, crustaceans, larvae. ʻO kekahi mau kanaka pākeke i nā manawa ʻē aʻe e mālama hou iā lākou iho me ka iʻa nui - iʻa, nā hua manu o nā manu liʻiliʻi, baki. Hopu i nā ʻōpala ʻo nā ibis, nā ʻiole a me nā ʻūhā. Inā hiki, ʻai lākou i nā pōpoki, nā snails, slugs, spiders a me nā ʻūhini.
I ka wā pōloli, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā ka manu i ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole nā mea ʻai o nā holoholona i wīwī.
Holy ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus)
ʻO ke kiʻi o nā ibis hoʻāno
Kāhea: ʻalani ibis ʻalani
Kāleka: He 75 kenimika ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia manu a kaupaona ia he 2,5 kilograms. He keʻokeʻo ka plumage, nā pihi o nā hulu, a ʻeleʻele hoʻi nā wāwae a me ka beak e ʻōuli me ka poni ʻula. I nā poʻe kahiko, hānau ʻole ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo.
Māhele: mau ʻaʻano hemolele i ka lālā hema o ka ʻāina o ʻApelika, ma Australia a i Iraq. Ua hala i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka wā i koho inoa ai, lele i ka hema-komohana o Rūsia (Kalmykia, ʻo Astrakhan). 900-1000 mau pāʻina ʻo ka ibis noho ma ʻEulopa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: i loko o ʻAigupita kahiko, ua ʻike ka mōʻī a ʻehā i ka naʻauao a me ka naʻauao. Ua hoomanaia o Ibis, he mohai ana ia ia ua papaia.
ʻUnu poʻo ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka ibis India (Threskiornis melanocephalus)
ʻO ke kiʻi o nā ibis ʻeleʻele
Kāhea: ʻalani ibis ʻalani
Kāleka: he manu nona ka kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻoleʻoi aku i ka 90 sentimita, a kaupaona lā, 1,3-1,5 kilogram. Paʻi ʻia ke kino keʻokeʻo. ʻAno ke mua o ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo, ʻeleʻele ka ʻili.
Māhele: Noho ʻo ibis poʻo hulu i ka hema o Asia - ma India, Thailand, Burma, Pakistan.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: ʻO nā hoahānau pili pili loa o ka maunu manu kaila nona ka laʻa a me ka manuahi ʻo Moluccan. ʻO nā ʻano ʻekolu a pau he migratory.
Warty ibis (Pseudibis papillosa)
ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi ibis beeded
Kāleka: manu nui me ka plumage pouli. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻēheu a me ka ʻeleʻele i ka uliuli polū me nā poloka brown, ke kino ke kino. Ma ke poʻo ʻulaʻula loaʻa kahi pāpale ʻulaʻula ulaula. ʻO ka iris he ʻeleʻele, he hina ka hina. ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma elytra.
Māhele: ʻO Warty ibis ka ʻuā ma Hindustan.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: ʻaʻole e like me nā ʻano ibis ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pili ka pily i nā kino wai, ʻoiai e hānai nui ana i nā holoholona terrestrial. E ʻimi ana i nā meaʻai i nā wahi anu.
Giile ibis (Thaumatibis giganteа)
ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi ibis nui
Kāleka: ke kiʻekiʻe manu - 100 kenimika, lōʻihi - 102-106 kenimika, paona - 3.8-4.2 kilograms. ʻO kaʻeleʻele a me ke kaʻe ʻeleʻele me kahi kukui maloʻo. He ulaula nā wāwae, ʻeleʻele-hina ke kua. ʻIliuli ka ʻili o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻUlaʻulaʻula nā maka.
Māhele: kahi o kahi e noho ai ka ibis kūkaʻi ka palena o Kambodila a me Laos.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: ʻo ibis buta ka hōʻailona aupuni o Cambodia. Ke kau ʻia nā mea ʻewala ma kahi o ka pau ʻana.
Kai nāhelehe (Geronticus eremita)
Forest ibis photo
Kāhea: bald ibis
Kāleka: ʻEleʻele ka polū o ka nahele ibis, poni, ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna o nā ʻēheu. ʻO nā wāwae a wīwī pale ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke poʻo kahi kikoʻī o nā hulu manu kaila loloa.
Māhele: i k? ia mua nā noho i noho i ka Hikina a me ʻEulopa. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ma ka nahele ma kēia mau ʻāina. Noho ola ʻo Wild ibis ma Maroko, Turkey a me Suria.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: nā ʻano ibis uloo a me kahi noho like i ka bald ibis. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano e kahi puaʻa ma ke poʻo, ʻaʻohe o ka paleb ibis. ʻOiai, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka manu ibis i nā subspecies, ʻokoʻa ka lehulehu o ka poʻe noho ma Maroko e like me ka Turkish me kahi lāʻau lōʻihi.
Ibis moemoeā manu a i ʻole ka ibis Kepani (Nipponia nippon)
Hoʻoiho i ka pale manu ibis
Kāhea: ibis wāwae ulaula
Kāleka: ka manu keʻokeʻo me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā hina hina. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nā maka a me nā wāwae, ʻeleʻele hina ka beak, ʻulaʻula ma ke kihi. Kōkele nā iris. Hōʻalo ka ʻiliiki ʻana i ka nape o ka hulu lōʻihi. I ka manawa hana, lilo a hina i ka plumage. Kūpaʻa nā manu ʻoi aku 1,5 kilokilo, kiʻekiʻe - 80-90 kenimika.
Māhele: hoʻokahi mau haneli mau makahiki i hala aku nei i ka nīlio ʻulaʻula ulaula i Central China, Iapana a me ka ʻIla Hikina o Lūkia, eia naʻe, ma muli o ka hopu ʻana i ka ibis a me ka deforestation, ʻae loa nā ʻāpana ibis i kēia mau ʻāina. I kēia mau lā, liʻiliʻi nā ʻohana ibis i loaʻa ma Amur a me Primorye, Korea a me Kina.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: e like me nā manaʻo e nā poʻe ornithologists, 6-20 red-legged ibis tetep in the world. Loaʻa ʻokoʻa kēia mau holoholona.
Ibis keokeo ʻokeʻā (Theristicus caudatus)
ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi ibis keʻokeʻo
Kāhea: nā ibis keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo
Kāleka: kahi manu nona ka kiʻekiʻe o 76 henimita, a kaupaona hoʻi i ka laulā o 1.5-2 kilograms. ʻO ka hulu ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo he ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, nā ʻāpanaʻele ma luna o ka lei. Kūpono ke kino, keʻokeʻo nā hulu ma ka palena. ʻEleʻeleʻele nā Bill, ʻeleʻele nā wāwae. ʻEleʻele nā pua i ka maka.
Māhele: ʻā nika manu heʻe ʻekepono i loko o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO nā mea maʻamau maʻamau ma Venezuela, Colombia a me Guiana. Loaʻa ka ibis i ka nāhele ʻāina o ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: helu ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano ma waena o 25 tausani a me 1 mau manu manu.
ʻAmelika ʻulaʻula (Eudocimus ruber)
ʻO ke kiʻi ʻulaʻula
Kāleka: ʻulaʻula ʻia ka ibis ʻulaʻula i ka ʻulaʻula ulaula. Noho ka manu i ka 70 kenimika ma ke kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona ʻo 1.5 kilona. ʻAʻohe ka nānāʻana i ka moʻomeheu wahine.
Māhele: pihi ka manu ʻulaʻula i ka ʻākau o ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema, a ma ka mokupuni o Trinidad.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: noho i ka ʻānika ʻulaʻula i nā ʻāina kūloko. Hoʻonohonoho nui ia i nā kino wai. Monogamen.
Loaf (Plegadis falcinellus)
ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi pōpō
Kāleka: nā ibis laulā nui. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino i ka 65 sentimika, ke kino kino - 500-900 kākā. Paʻa ʻia ka ʻeleʻele ʻōpiopio me nā pihi ʻeleʻele. Hoʻoulu ʻia nā pua i ka lā i ke keleawe a me nā hiu ʻono. Loaʻa i nā holoholona'ōmaʻomaʻi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ko lākou ʻāʻī, kahi e nalowale me nā makahiki.
Māhele: lehulehu mau pōpō maʻamau e maʻamau i Eurasia, ʻApelika, Ausetalia, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma Lūkia, noho nā wīwī ma ke kahawai, me nā laʻe, i ka pūnaka ma ka deltas o ka Kuban, Volga, a me Terek. No ka hoʻoilo, ua lele nā pōpō i ʻApelika a me Asia Hema.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: hū ʻia ka mea huna o ka lā i ka shrubbery marshy. Mālama i nā pūʻulu o ka papa pule 50-70.
Spiky ʻihi (Lophotibis cristata)
ʻO ke kiʻi o Chubat Ibis
Kāhea: spiked ibis
Kāleka: ka ulu ʻana o ka heihei 50-60 kenimika, ke kaumaha - 480-980 kāla. I ka plumage aia nā kala, ʻeleʻele a me nā keʻokeʻo. Ke poʻo ʻeleʻele me kahi lōlō ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he maka keokeo o ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Uʻi ʻeleʻele a hui pū ʻia me ke keʻokeʻo. Beak-hina hina.
Māhele: Noho ʻo Chubaty ibis i Hawaiʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona: Alakaʻi ʻo Chubat ibis i kahi noho hoʻonaninani. Noho ma nā hale kokoke i nā loko. Hōʻalo ka wā kanu i ka manawa o ka ua - mai Kepakemapa a me Ianuali.
ʻO nā ʻenehana kūlohelohe
Hyena - ka ʻenemi o ka ibis
ʻAʻole nui o nā ʻenemi e like me nā kaikuaʻana. Inā loaʻa ka ʻuʻu ma ka ʻāina, a laila nā ʻalopona, nā kīwī hihiu, nā hyena a me nā raccoons a hoʻopuni i nā hua a me nā moa. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Ratsiraka a me ferrets i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe hou. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki pinepine kēia i ka wā, ʻoiai ka mālama ʻo nā ibis makua e mālama pono i ka pipi a, inā pono, kāpae i nā hana kaua o nā mea hoʻopōmaikaʻi. Hānau ʻia ʻo ibis e nā manu. He ʻole ka hoʻoleʻa a nā ʻōpio, nā ailima a me nā mea kīlio i ka pili o nā ibis makua, e uku ana i kā lākou nānā pono ʻana i nā manu ʻōpio e aʻo maoli ana e lele a ʻaʻole hoʻi e ʻike pono e pale aku iā lākou iho.
ʻO Hawk ka ʻenemi iā ibis
ʻO ka ʻenemi nui loa iā ka ibis. ʻO ka hana o ka mahiai, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā wai wai, ke poʻokela, ka hopu ʻana - ua hele kēia mau mea i ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka nui o nā ibises. Aia ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻohana o ka ʻāpana o ka pauahi. Ma kahi o 10 tausani mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua nalowale nā ʻano o ka manu lele lele Xenicibis xympithecus mai ka maka o ka honua ma muli o kahi hahai manu ʻole.
Ibis i ka moʻomeheu ʻAigupita
ʻO Ibis - manu laʻa o egypt
Hoʻohana ʻo ka poʻe ʻAigupita kahiko i ka ibis. ʻO ka poʻe noho ma ʻAigupita e hōʻike hoʻowalewale i ke Akua o ka naʻauao a me ka kaulike ʻo Juti (Thoth) me ke poʻo o kahi ibis. I ka wā kahiko, noho ka ʻōpio ma loko o ʻAigupita. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua koho ʻia nā awāwa o ke kahawai Nile ma kahi o ka nomadic. Noho ʻo Ibises i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, hoʻoliʻiliʻi me nā alanui a ʻaʻole makaʻu i nā poʻe. Hoʻopili ʻia nā manu make, ua kanu ʻia kekahi me kā lākou mau mea nona. Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe ʻike kākēpē i nā koena pipi i ka ʻihi o ka ibis i ka luakini o Thoth, a me nā kiʻi he nui o nā manu ma nā paia.
ʻO ia ke akua o ka ʻike ma ʻAigupita kahiko
Manaʻo nā ʻepekema e hoʻomana ʻo ka poʻe ʻAigupita i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ibis laa" (ma ka inoa o nā ʻano) Ma hope mai, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka manu e ka manu me ka plumage keʻokeʻo a me ke poʻo ʻeleʻele, kahi i kapa ʻia ai ka inoa "kapu". I kēia lā ma ʻAigupita, ʻaʻole nui loa kahi kamaʻilio, akā ma ke kūkulu hema-hikina o ʻAulopa (ʻAitiia, Kenya, Tanzania), nui ka nui o ka ibis.
ʻO nā ʻike kiʻi
Spiked ibis ma luna o kahi lālā
- Ma ka moʻoʻī o ka pahu o Noa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka manu ibis, ma hope o ke kaiahiʻu, alakaʻi ʻo Noa i ka puʻu ʻo ʻEuperate, kahi i noho ai ʻo Noa me kona ʻohana.
- ʻO ka ibis kahiko ka 60 miliona mau makahiki.
- ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo pau ʻulaʻula ʻana i ka plumage i loko o ka ʻaile ʻulaʻula ʻia, i wehewehe ʻia me ka ʻike pono ʻana o ka pulupulu i kō ʻia ai e nā manu ʻōlapa.
- ʻO ka manu ʻōlele a i ʻole ʻāpana paha ka manu manu ʻo nā manu ʻoi loa ka manu. ʻO ka heluna kanaka he 8-11 manu.
Pehea lākou ke ola nei
ʻAe nui kēia mau manu i ka ʻāina pāheona a me nā māla. No ka pō pōkole koho i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi mamao mai ka mea makaʻu ʻāina. Hiki i nā ʻike ke ʻike ʻia i nā wai pāpū, a hiki i 15 kenimika hohonu. Ma laila lākou i ola ai, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe.
No ka hoʻouka ʻana, koho ʻia ka ibis Red-legge i ke kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke ʻike i kā lākou ʻuʻuku ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 20 mika.
Ma hea lākou i noho ai
Noho lākou i ka nui ma nā wahi waena o Kina a me nā mokupuni o Iapana: Kyushu, Hokkaido. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Lūkia kahi i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻāina mamao.
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke inoa i ka nui helu. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā kolana liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka 10 mau pahuhopu.
No ke aha lākou e aneane loa ai
I ka makahiki 1930, ua loaʻa o 100 mau ʻehā manu i loaʻa i ka ibis, akā a hiki i kēlā manawa i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano make like ʻole. ʻOiai nō naʻe lākou e kiaʻi ʻia ai. Ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, ua ʻemi ko lākou mau helu i 26 mau kanaka. ʻO ke kumu no kēia hāhā a me ka deforestation.
ʻO ka māla hānai, kahi i loaʻa ai ka ibis Red-leged i kā lākou ʻai, mālama ʻia me nā pesticides. Hoʻokomo lākou i ka mercury, ka mea i loaʻa ma nā kiko o nā manu make.
ʻO ka hakakā nā ka mālama o nā ʻano
Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, ua ʻike ʻia nā hana mana e like me nā pēpē i hoʻokuʻi i ka mokupuni o Sado. Hoʻomaka nui ʻia kēia pae ʻāina. Ua makehewa ka hoʻāʻo.
I ka makahiki 1967, ua loaʻa nā manu 6 mai ke ʻano, kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻouna ʻia i nā wahi kūlohelohe, kahi mea hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia iā lākou. Pau hoʻokahi manu wale nō make mai kahi maʻi maʻi. Ke ola nei kēia manu kūloko manuahi a hiki i kēia lā.
