Saker Falcon. ^ E Ha yM. Wahi a ka puna a me ke kaupaona, aia ma waena o ka falcon peregrine a me gyrfalcon: ʻo ke kaupaona he 800-1100 gram, ʻo ka lōʻihi he 42-60 kenimika, nā wingpan he 105-130 centimeter. ʻO nā keiki ma ke kūkulu hema o ʻEulopa a me Asia. I ko mākou ʻāina, e uhi ana ke kihi hema o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, ʻo Kazakhstan, Central Asia, ka ʻaoʻao hema o Western a me Central Siberia, Altai a me Transbaikalia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mau palena o kēia ʻāina ākea. Hoʻoikaika ʻo Spoiler. I ka nānāʻana, ua like loa ia me ka palcon peregrine. Noho pinepine ka noho ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ulu lāʻau a me ke ala lāʻau-ala. Hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i nā nike maʻalahi ma waena o nā kuahiwi haʻahaʻa, koho i nā ʻōpala, nā kākā wai kahawai, a pēlā aku e like me kona mau kaikuaʻana, ʻaʻole hoino ka mea i hana ʻia me nā mea pili, akā ua noho wale ʻo ia i nā nest. I loko o nā kope i pinepine ʻia nā hua he 4, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi 2 a 6. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻūpī o nā hua i loko o nā kukui aniani, nā ʻāpana o nā kala a me nā ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā hua hua o ka falcon peregrine a me nā gyrfalcon ka mea like like me ka waihoʻoluʻu, kahi e hui pū ʻia ai nā brownish, reddish-brown, ʻocher tones. E kūʻē i ka laulā laulā, nā wahiʻeleʻele o ka ʻano like ʻole a me nā kāʻei like ʻole. Hoʻopau ke saker wahine i nā hua 28-30 mau lā. Ke kiaʻi ma ke kāne. ʻO ia ka mea ʻai no kāna kaikamahine a kōkua pū i ka hānai iā ia i nā palahalaha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻaʻole e hoʻopiʻi no ka makemake ʻole. Me kaʻai maikaʻi, ulu lākou ma o nā lewa a me nā palena, a ma ka makahiki a hoʻokahi hapa a ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka hale o ko lākou makuakāne.

He waiwai paha mākou i nā mālama kūlohelohe o ka mea? Ma kahi kokoke i kahi 1000 mau puhalaha manuahi i ka laha. Aia ka Oksky Reserve i kahi hui o Saker Falcons: ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea kanu o ka ʻōlelo hoʻomalaha o nā ʻano. I ka makahiki 1984, ua loaʻa nā hua a ua hāpai - 10 mau papa.

Noho mau anei nā papa i nā wahi a lākou e hoʻohiki ai a hānai i kā lākou keiki? ʻO kā mākou falcons, ʻo gyrfalcons ke kūpaʻa mau loa i ke anuanu a me ka hoʻohewa manawa. Hoʻopau kekahi o lākou i ka wahi a lākou e ulu ai, akā lele kekahi o nā manu i ka hema. ʻO nā huakaʻi lōʻihi a me nā holo mokulele ʻaʻole i hana ʻia e nā gyrfalcons. Pehea e pili ai i kahi pāloli peregrine? Hoʻomaopopo ka mea heluhelu ua kokoke kēia manu me ka kosmopolitan. Hele aku kāna huakaʻi i kona wahi i noho ai. ʻO kā mākou mau wahi kīnāwai kūloko, e hāpai ana i ka hua, hele i ka hoʻoilo ma ke kūkulu hema o ka'āina (ʻoiaʻiʻo, me ka hua). Nā papa inoa Peregrine, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kūkulu hema, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano maʻalahi. Akā no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ma lalo o ke ʻano o nā ʻano anthropogen o ka ʻano, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā neʻe e neʻe i kahi kokoke a i nā lōʻihi.

Ua hele ʻo Saker Falcon ma ʻĀpana Hikina, ma Waena Hikina a me Asia Hema.

Desert Falcon, a i ʻole Shahin

Desert falcon, or shahin. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai North Africa a i ka hikina i ke komohana-komohana o PRC a me ke komohana o ka MPR, ma USSR - i Central Asia, kahi kahi i ʻike nui ai i nā paina a i ʻole nā ​​mele. ʻAʻole ka hapa o ka nui o kēia mau manu i ko mākou ʻāina.

Shahin

ʻO nā pelversinoides Falco (Temminck, 1829)

• ʻO Falco peregrinus babylonicus Sclater, 1861
• ʻO Falco pelegrinoides tscherniaievi Severtzov, 1873
• ʻO nā gobicus ka pelco Falco Stegmann, 1934

Shahin, a i ole pulu ʻulaʻula ʻōpiopio ulaula , waoakua (lat. Falco pelegrinoides) - kekahi ʻano manu o ka mea i ʻai ʻia i nā ʻōhua genus.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano, ua like ia me ka huele peregrine, akā liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi, ua mama ka luna, ʻōwili ʻia ka lalo me kahi kumu i hoʻolālā ʻia, aia nā ʻulaʻula ulaula ma luna o ke poʻo a me ke kua o ke poʻo. ʻOi ka lōʻihi o ke kino 33-39 cm. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine i mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka loa ʻēheu o nā kāne he 274-302, nā wahine he 315-332 mm. ʻO ka paona o ke kāne mai 330 g, ʻo ka wahine aia ma kahi o 500 g (ʻo ka nui o ka paona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo 750 g). He ʻāpoʻipoʻi nā eheu o ka ʻēheu ka ʻōpio o nā pākeke me ka ʻōpala ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻulaʻula o ka hulu o ka pua, a ʻulaʻula ka lalo o nā kumu ākea. ʻO nā ʻōpio mai luna mai me ke poʻo ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe paha, me nā kaila ʻulaʻula ulaula, mai ka lalo he poʻokela ʻulaʻula me nā ākea ākea nastvolami i ʻole e hoʻohuli ʻia i ke ʻano o nā ʻaoʻao.

Kahele

Hāʻawi ʻia ma nā wao nahele a me nā ʻōpala maloʻo (a hiki i 1500 m) o ʻApelika Hema, ka Middle East, ka Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India (Kashmir), ʻAmelika Huakaʻi, i nā kuahiwi a me nā kuahiwi o ka hema a me ke komohana o Kazakhstan mai Talas Alatau a i Tarbagatai poino paha i Altai Kohai. Noho paha e noho ana i ka aʻe ma Kyzylkum, ke kahawai kahiki ʻo ke kai o Aral a me Ustyurt Chinki. Ke neʻe nei ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo i ka wā nui, gravitating i nā awāwa wai a me nā ʻāpana kanaka i ka ʻaoʻao o ka foothill.

FALCON MAKAʻI NUI

Hoʻololi ʻia nā inoa like ʻole o kēia manu me ka wehewehe like ʻana. ʻO ka inoa "shahin" e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka falconry, "ʻulaʻulaʻula" - wehewehe i ka kala, akā "neʻe", ʻo ia hoʻi ka wehewehe ʻana i nā noho maʻamau.

He mea hoʻohiwahiwa ʻole kēia ʻano o ke falcon i kapa ʻole ʻia e ka ʻulaʻula: aia kekahi mau ʻano i waena o nā papa i hiki ke hoʻohanohano i ke poʻo ʻulaʻula, e like me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO ka lole o kahi shahin nani e pili i ka hanohano o kona silhouette - ʻaʻohe mea ʻono: kukui, smoky-hina plumage me kahi kukui brownish transverse pattern (pinepine wale ma waena o nā poʻohiwi poʻohiwi a me nā poʻohiwi), nā hulu ma ka lae, lei, lei, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, a me nā aniani i ulana ʻia. ʻO ka kala ʻulaʻula like loa, ua palena ʻia nā hulu ma luna a i pena ʻia nā mea i lalo. Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka palahalaha hou ke ʻike ʻia i nā manu ʻōpio, ʻo ia nō kekahi i kahi ʻaluna striated me kahi pua ʻala a me ka mea e pili ana i nā kuʻi lōʻihi i ka ʻōpū. Kāhea ʻia nā manu ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpio i nā ʻōpala, akā ʻike ʻia lākou i liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā manu ʻōpio.

ʻALKOHANA FESCINIKA

ʻOiaʻiʻo, makemake ʻo shahin i nā wahi wao ma waena o Central a me Central Asia. Nā wāwae ma Turkmenistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India a me North Africa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻaina ma nā pā o nā pōhaku a i ʻole ma nā pali pākeke o nā puʻu, ma nā wahi ʻole ke hiki ʻole. Mai ʻAukake a hiki i Malaki, noho nō nā manu ma nā pāpū, kahi ke kauwela ua hana wale lākou i nā mokulele.

KA MANAO O KAHIKI

ʻO nā pāʻani Matrimonial a me ka moe ʻana e hana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila, a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mei, ua mākaukau ka wahine Shahin e hoʻomaka e waiho. Hoʻomaka ka Hatching me ka hua lua, a ʻo ka huina a he ʻekolu. E like me ke kānāwai, aia ʻelua mau pōkiu i ka ʻōpala, liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi a me nā, i nā ʻokoʻa ʻole, ʻekolu. Ma ka hapalua o Iune, ua hoʻomaka ka lele ʻana o nā moa, a ma hope o ka malama ke aʻo nei lākou e lele, a ma ka waena o ʻAukake ua lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa. E mālama nā mākua i kā lākou mau keiki i ulu no ka manawa, aʻo ia lākou i ke akamai o ka huki ʻana, a laila, i ka wā ʻōpio e waiho aku iā lākou, noho mau lākou - mālama pū nā shahins i nā makahiki āpau. Inā ʻaʻole pālei nā pōpō ʻōpio i nā mea wili ikaika - a he ʻōlio aeto kēia, he goshawk, kahi aila gula, a laila pili lākou ma mua o lākou.

HUI KAIKAI

ʻO ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka hopu ʻana i ka shahin, a me kekahi mau manu ʻē aʻe o nā manu manuʻai i loko o ke kūlohelohe, i kapa ʻia ka bet. Aia kekahi i ka dive steep ma kahi pānaʻi mai kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka wikiwiki o ka mea lele ʻoi aku ka nui o 90 m / s!

He mea maopopo ke kūlou ʻana i ka pehē i kēlā me ia wikiwiki, ʻaʻole e piʻopu i ka falcon me ia, i ʻole e hoʻopulū. Pono e noʻonoʻo e pili kokoke ana ke koʻikoʻi o ka mea hopu, a ma kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka nui o ia mea (akā, ʻaʻole nāʻino o nā shahins a me nā manu liʻiliʻi). ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea kau palena ke hopu i ka mea ʻai me kāna mau wāwae: ua hiki, ka mea mua, e hōʻino i nā wāwae, a me ka lua o ka nalowale o ka lele. He aha ka hana a ke falcon? Kuʻi ʻo ia i ka manu me nā pipi wale o nā manamana lima, ma ke alapine, akā ma kēlā me ke ʻano wikiwiki ua lawa kēia no ka mea hoʻopōʻeha a hōʻeha wale ʻia i loko o ka hāʻule hāʻule ʻole paʻa. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, lele i lalo ka falcon a huli a huli mai i kahi mea e holo aku ai i kahi e lele ana i ka lewa ma ke lele, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ua lawa ia ua hina.

LOA ʻO Palekana

ʻAe aku i ke kiko o ke falcon e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi aʻe i ka mea i lawe ʻia i ke kanaka e lawe ai ʻoe i kahi wahi neʻe e hiki ai ke palekana me ka maluhia. I kekahi manawa me ka mea ʻuʻina liʻiliʻi, i hopu ʻia i ka lewa, pololei ka falcon ma luna o ka lele. ʻO wai kekahi mau manu e hele wikiwiki i ka wā awakea? I ka manawa o ka nīnū, ʻo ia ka chamomile, bee-eater, kaona kuʻulima, nā pigeons hina, nā ʻōpio, nā palaka, nā ʻōkō keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā manu. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, ka meaʻai o ka shahin e pili ana i nā pāpale keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, nā streptos, nā keal-whistles, nā pigeons hina, nā mea wela, ka holo ʻana, nā māhelena keʻokeʻo a me nā māla. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau hihia i ka lele ʻana o nā shahins e lele i ke ahiahi, i hoʻouka ʻia i nā pā, akā ʻaʻole kēia i ke ʻano maʻamau.

KĀLOHE ALOHA

• ʻAi: nā manu.
• Kauoha: Falconiformes.
• Kāohi: Falcon.
• Genus: falcons.
• ʻAno: shahin.
• Palapala Latin: ʻO nā pelversinoides Falco.
• Laki: ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 33 cm a 39 cm (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne), nā ʻēheu -76-98 cm.
• Kaumaha: kāne - 330 g, wahine - e pili ana 500 g.
• Ke kala nei: hina i luna, me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula o nā hulu o ka mantle, ʻulaʻula ma lalo.
• ʻO ke ola ola o kahi shahin: 15-17 mau makahiki.

Mea ʻai

Nā Nests shahin ma luna o nā pōhaku, alakaʻi ai i kahi ʻano maʻalahi. Nui nā manu i lanakila ma kāna papa ʻai: larks, stoves, hazel grouse, desert partridges and others. Kuhi ʻo ia ma nā wahi ākea. ʻO Ecology, nā poʻokela hoʻomakeʻa, a me nā ʻano hana hoʻohālikelike o ka falcon wīwī e like me nā lepa peregrine. Hopu pū lākou i ka ʻai i ka lewa, pinepine i ka wikiwiki.