Kharacins i kapa ʻia he iʻa o ka ʻohana Kharakasov, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole maoli kēia, ʻoiai ʻo Kharazinki he ʻāpana o kēia ʻāpana nui o ka noho o ka wai.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Harazinobraznye ka nui o nā ʻelele i nā iʻa wai mālamalama mai ka mea liʻiliʻi (e pili ana i 2 cm) ka nui, eʻoi aku ana ma kahi o 1 m ka lōʻihi.
ʻOiai ke ʻano o kekahi o kēia mau kānaka i ka wai i lalo i ka wai, he nui ka nui o ka iʻa i nā ʻohana maluhia. Wahi a ko lākou morphology a me nā nological ecological, kokoke loa lākou i nā lāʻau carp.
ʻO ka home o ka Kharakasovs he Hema a me Central America, akā aia kekahi mau mea noho pū ma ʻAmelika Hikina a me ʻApelika.
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā iʻa kahiko ma ka honua, ko lākou ʻano fossil e pili ana i ka manawa Jurassic.
He kino pihi kipa ʻia nā Harakasovs a pau, hoʻopiʻi ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao, kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi, a me ka plumage finum. Ka kala o ka iʻa, ma muli o nā ʻano, hiki ke loli ʻokoʻa. I ka i loko, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona nui a keu loa o nā mea kala a he mea maʻamau.
He kiʻi paʻi kiʻi moku iʻa ʻo Characin:
ʻO nā iʻa a pau o ka kauoha Kharatsiniformes e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi o kahi kālā hou, i kapa ʻia he momona. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻano poepoe ia a me kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai i kekahi iʻa he nui.
ʻAʻohe ia i loaʻa ʻole a ma kona ʻimi pono he protrusion aila i waiho ʻia ma hope o ka hope dorsal. Loaʻa ia wale nō ka pili adipose, ʻaʻohe ona hihi.
ʻAʻole i hele mai nā ka ʻepekema ma ka ʻae ʻana i ke kumu o ka adipose fin. Wahi a kekahi mau manaʻo, ʻo ia ka mea e hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea momona o nā mea momona ʻē aʻe;
ʻO nā noiʻi hou e nā ichthyologists mai Kanada e hōʻoia nei e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ka hope o ka adipose i ka hiki i ka hydrodynamic iʻa. ʻO kēia no ka hopena o ka haunaele o ka wai ma hope o ka plumage i emi iho.
Eia kekahi, ma ka wen i laila i loko, ua hoʻokomo ʻia e nā aʻa me nā moku, integuments. ʻAe lākou i ka noho ʻana o ka wai o lalo i ke ʻano koke o ka neʻe ʻana o ke kahawai a koho i ke ala kūpono a me ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana.
Hoʻopili nā spawning i ka hapa nui o Characiniformes i ka manawa hoʻoilo. ʻO nā mea aku i kēia mau lā nā mea hoʻohālike e hoʻohana ai i kēia wā a no laila ua maʻalahi kēia mau iʻa i ka hoʻopio.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Mr. Tail: kekahi mau ʻano ʻano
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ka poʻe ʻenekinia Lūkini i nā subfamela 12 ma ka ʻohana Kharatsin, kahi o nā holoholona he 165 a me 962-1231 mau iʻa, e like me Agoniatinae, Aphyocharacinae, Bryconinae, Characinae, Cheirodontinae, Clupeacharacinae, Glandulocaudinae, Iguanodectieinae, Iguanodectieinae Akā ua hoʻoholo ʻia ʻaʻole kūlike loa kēia ʻano, aia nā koho ʻē aʻe nona.
Mai ka ʻike o nā kānaka ʻepekema haole, ʻoi ka ʻohana Kharatsin i kēia lā he nui no ka loli o nā ʻōnaehana. Ua hāpai hou ka loiloi hope ma mua o nā lālā o kona mau lālā i kā lākou ʻohana ponoʻī akā he like ʻole, ka hoʻohālike o ka iʻa penikala o ka huaʻāina ʻo Nannostomus, ua neʻe i kēia manawa i Lebiasinidae, a me nā ʻano like ʻole o Hoplias a me Hoplerythrinus, i kēia manawa ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia iā Erythrinidae, i ka lawaiʻa saber-toothed o ka genus Hydrolycus i lawe ʻia i Cynodontidae. Ua hoʻāla ʻia ka mea kahiko ʻo Alestiinae subfamily ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻohana (Alestiidae), a me nā moʻomeheu Crenuchinae lāua ʻo Characidiinae i lawe ʻia i Crenuchidae.
ʻO nā iʻa ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana Characin, i helu ʻia ma mua o nā lālā o Characidae, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻohana i ka wā o ka loiloi o ka taxonomic hope loa (ma hope o 1994), ʻo Acestrorhynchidae, Anostomidae, Chilodontidae, Citharinidae, Ctenoluciidae, Curimatidaidae, Distichodontidaee, Hasteropeidae, Hasteropeidae, Parodontidae, Serrasalmidae a me Triporthidae.
ʻAʻole pili nā piranhas i kēia manawa i ka Kharatsinov, akā i ka ʻohana Serrasalmidae. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kēia mau hoʻololi i ka honua holoʻokoʻa a ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ʻoiai e hoʻokaʻawale i nā iʻa me ka ʻikepili Weber e like me ka iʻa ʻo Kharatsin, ka mea nui, a ʻo nā alohui nui aʻe hoʻi e kali nei i ka ʻauhau ʻo kēia ʻohana.
No laila, i kēia manawa me ka hopena nui aʻe i nā Kharatsinovs aia wale ʻekolu mau subfamilies.
- Pākuʻi ʻo Spintherobolus i ka lua genera - Amazonspinther a me Spintherobolus.
- Stevardiinae - 6 genera, me Rhoadsiin, Stygichthyini, Hemigrammus a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
- Stevardiinae - 11 genera, ʻo Tetragonopterus, Acanthocharax a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i kekahi wale nō o nā mea kuʻuna a me nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka ʻohana Harakasov, he mea maʻamau loa kēia i ka mahiʻai akuʻa.
ʻO ka ʻohana Kharkasov, ma keʻano like aʻe i kēia mau ʻano.
ʻĀpala Pūnaewele
He kiko kai waiwai nui kēia o ka ʻoni kala kala. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā keu ma mua o nā wahine a hiki i 17 cm ke lōʻihi. Noho lākou i nā hipa nui (a hiki i 50 mau kanaka) ma South, Central a ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ka noho ʻana i nā kahawai subtropical waiʻala a me nā kahawai me kahi nāwaliwali mai Mexico a hiki i Argentina.
ʻAi lākou i ka iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ke koena o nā momi make. Hiki i kahi hipa ke hāʻawi i kahi waiwai i ʻole i ka mea wana e nui aku nei. He hao niho maxillary ko lākou, me ke kōkua o ia mea e hiki ai ke ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻāpana mai ka pūna o kā lākou hānai.
ʻO ka plastage dorsal he mau pulu palalulu a me nā spines, aia nā kīwaha māho a ma luna o ke anal, ʻoi ka lua o ka lua. ʻUlaʻula ʻia ka momona momona.
ʻOiai ke kala ʻōwili i loaʻa i nā aquariums mokulele, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka lawehala o nā mea i loko o ka pa i ka mea hoihoi loa.
Ua loaʻa i ka iʻa kona inoa mai ka wiwo ʻole Helene wiwo ʻole.
Oligoarkus
He kahakaha nō hoʻi i ka wae o Characinoids, ulu ka nui o 30 cm a i ka lehulehu o nā kahawai subtropical, nā muliwai a me nā kahe o nā wahi kahakai a me nā ʻāina o ka ʻāina o Rio Grande De Sul (Brazil), Uruguay a me Argentina. Ua uhi ʻia hoʻi i loko o nā loko iʻa e like me ka iʻa no ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa.
ʻAʻole keʻokeʻo ke kala o ka iʻa, kālā, fin fin a lōʻihi loa, translucent.
Nā waka tetra
ʻO nā typhlops o Stygichthys a iʻa ka maka ʻaina makapalaka puaʻa he mau mea endema e noho ana i nā ana o lalo o ka mokuʻāina o Minas Gerais (Brazil).
Hānau ʻia nā iʻa me nā maka, akā me ka ulu o kekahi kanaka ua huki ʻia lākou e ke kiʻi, ʻoiai ke noho nei nā koloni i loko o ka pouli piha.
Hoʻoulu ia i 4-5 cm, ʻaʻohe ʻili a ka ʻili a me nā unahi.
ʻOiai ka ʻalani o ka iʻa o kēia mau iʻa, mālama mau ʻia lākou i loko o ka hale kiaʻi no ka nani a me ka ʻano maʻamau, ʻoiai ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻano ma muli o ka malo ʻana o ka wai wai.
Cyanogaster noctivaga
Kekahi ʻano hou a me nā ʻano o nā iʻa miniature mai ka Rio Negro, ke kuhina ʻo Amazon (Ostariophysi, Characidae).
ʻIke ʻia e ka ʻepekema ʻikeau ʻana o ka ʻohana kula ʻo Brazil ʻo São Paulo i 2011, ua wehewehe ʻia i ka makahiki 2013.
ʻO ka inoa o nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like "" welo-bellied night wanderer night. "
Loaʻa ka nui loa o ka pākeke i 17.4 mm.
Ke alakaʻi nei ka iʻa i ka nohona nocturnal a he paʻakikī loa ke nānā aku. Ua loaʻa no ka manawa mua i loko o ka wai waikawa e like me ka noho ʻana o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua, ʻo Paedocypris progenetica (ʻo Indonesia he endemona, 7-10 mm ka lōʻihi), e ola nei i loko o nā wai limu a me nā kahawai o ka wai ʻeleʻele. Cyanogaster noctivaga
Loaʻa ʻewalu mau o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi ma loko o ka moni dorsal, ʻehā niho kūloko kūloko.
He ʻokoʻa wale nō ka mea e noho ana ma lalo o ka wai i loaʻa iā ia wale nō ʻelima mau hihi i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a loaʻa i hoʻokahi niho kūloko kūloko ponoi, ʻaʻohe maxillary.
Eia kekahi, ua ʻuwili ʻia ka kaula longalinal lateral, ua piha ke kino, a ʻoliʻuwulu ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ua ʻulaʻula nā uhi.
I nā kāne pākeke, loaʻa nā hihi o ka ventral a me nā pupu anal.
ʻAno hoihoi ʻia ka iʻa mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka aquaristics, kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī hou e pili ana iā ia a me kahi ʻolelo e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻopili lohi.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kēia subfamili aliʻi, imperial, rainbow, ruby, ahi-poʻo, luminous, ke gula, ʻulaʻula, ʻoniʻoni, keʻokeʻo, ka ʻona-neon, phantom, ka hae, ka wahaheʻe, x-ray (translucent) i nā hapanui croaking i nā manawa he nui i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā puke kūikawā a me nā ʻatikala. , ʻO Costello tetra, Bloody heart tetra, Swordsman tetra (iʻa iʻa), Kopella Arnolda (lele tetra), a me ka poli a me nā nons.
Nā waihona waihona
ʻO ka aneane āpau o nā iʻa o Characin e hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻenekena o kēia mau wa e noho maluhia ana nā poʻe noho me nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka kaomi wai.
I loko o kahi waihona hale hoʻonaʻauao ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hūnā i ka hui o kekahi maʻa o 8-10. Akā ʻokoʻa ka like ʻole o nā ʻano like ʻole - kekahi mau hipa e ʻaʻa mau pū ana, ʻoiai kekahi i ʻākoakoa i loko o kahi pūʻulu i nā manawa kaumaha wale nō.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, ʻike nui ʻia ka Characin, loaʻa ke kala hina. Akā i ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka hānai ʻana me ke ʻano piha, e lilo ka ʻoni a kēia mau iʻa.
ʻAʻole pono kēia mau mea kai i lalo o ka wai mālamalama, no ka mea ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe a noho lākou i ka pō. Nā wili māmā māmā loa iā Kharatsinok a hoʻonāukiuki i kā lākou lele ʻana mai ka pahu. No laila, pono ka uhi i ka mea ʻona.
E hoʻihoʻi hou i ka biotope maoli o ka ʻĀpana Hema ma lalo o ka wai wai i loko o ka wai hoʻonaʻauao, ʻike ʻia nā mānoanoa pōkole o nā mea kanu a me ke kumu ʻo waena. Ma ka lalo lalo ka lepoʻeleʻele, kaʻa, birch, nā ʻōpala maloʻo ʻalemona, ka lāʻau ʻula. Hāʻawi lākou i ka wai i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka palupalu a me ka ʻeleʻele, ʻo kēia mau hana, ma ke ʻano, e kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka nui o ka iʻa.
ʻO Kharatsinovy e like me ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā wai me ka nāwaliwali nāwaliwali, no laila e pono e hāʻawi i ka auction a me nā kānana. Hoʻoholo ʻia i hoʻokahi pule i kahi hapakolu o ke kaila.
Ua koho ʻia ke ʻano mahana o ke kauwela, ma muli o nā ʻano o Kharatsinok i loko o + 23 ... + 30 ° С.
Kūlike
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke koho i nā hoalauna no nā ʻano maluhia o ka iʻa Kharacin. Hele maikaʻi lākou me nā ʻano o ka noho ʻana i lalo o ka wai.
- zebrafish
- barbs kāhea,
- nā mollies
- nā mea pahuhopu
- guppies
- Pecilia
- scalals
- nā apistograms
- ʻawaʻawa
- hopa.
Me ka mālama aka, pono e kau pono i ka iʻa ʻo Harakasov iʻa me ka plumage fin a veiled, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hoʻopihapiha.
ʻAʻole ʻoe e hoʻohui iā Kharatsinok me nā mea hoʻonani hoʻonāukiuki - cichlids, piranhas, Koi carps.
Hānai
Ma aneane pau ʻole nā iʻa ʻo Harakas, ma nā wai kūlohelohe, he algae, detritus, nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke, a me nā ʻōpio.
I nā kūlana aku aku, e ʻoluʻolu kēia mau holoholona e ʻai i kekahi meaʻai - ola, ke kūlohelohe, maloʻo, ka lau.
No nā iʻa a i kime ka ʻulaʻula ʻia me ka ʻulaʻula, e pono e hoʻopili i nā kahe koko, tubuloids, artemia nauplia, carotenoids i ka meaʻai. A laila e ʻoluʻolu ka pali o ko lākou kala.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻano hua ʻai o ka holoholona hihiu o Characin i ka ola kō.
ʻAno hānau
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maoli, hoʻomaka ka spawning i ka iʻa ʻo Characin i ke kai kūʻai; no ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana i ke kumulāʻau, ʻike ʻia lākou e nā loli kūwaho e hoʻohana ana i ka wai kahe (e hoʻonui i ka palulu ʻana o ke kaiapuni).
Mālama ʻia ka lalo o kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa me nā mea kanu me nā lau liʻiliʻi a uhi ʻia me ka pahu hoʻokaʻawale. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mākua ke ʻai i nā hua i hāʻule i ka substrate.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lawaiʻa puaʻa, hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ka ʻai mua, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ciliates maʻamau.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka lawe ʻia o ka iʻa ʻo Characin.
Mahea ʻia kekahi mea ʻo Neons. No ka lula manuahi, pono ia e hana i nā kūlana kūikawā. Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka wai me ka distilled, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka peat me ka acidity kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻonui i ka aeration oxygen. Hoʻonui pinepine ke ʻano o ka mahana ma ka + 30 ... + 31 ° C.
Ma hope o ka uhu ʻana i ka iʻa, ua hoʻohemo ʻia nā mākua mai nā kumu pala, a pōʻeleʻele loa ke kai. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e uhi iā ia me ka lole uliuli, waiho i ka aer.
Ma hope o 1-2 mau lā, hoʻomaka ka hatching larvae. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā, pono ke kau ka ʻōwili, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lole mai ka spawning, akā e hoʻomau ʻia ka kukui, pointy.
Hāʻawi ʻia kahi nui o nā ciliates i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka pākui e like me ka hānai mua ʻana, e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka manawa o ke kukui. ʻO ia ka ʻāina hānai no nā wai ʻona.
Hiki kēia iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kaʻina hana e mālama ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ola. I ka wā e pau ka leʻa o ka lure, pono e hoʻoponopono. Pono ke hānai mau ʻia ʻo Malek Neon.
Me ka mālama pono, aia i ka lā 4-5 o ka mea mua i ka hānai mua ʻana, ulu maikaʻi nā wai o ka wai a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka meaʻai nui - hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i ka hika brine, a ma hope o 10 mau lā hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā cyclops a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka ʻai kīwī a me nā nematode liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka maʻi a me ka ʻihi
ʻO ke kumu o ke olakino maikaʻi ʻo Kharatsinok - ke nānā pono ʻana i nā kūlana o ka paʻa a mālama i nā ʻāpana kūpono o ka ʻona ʻana o ka wai. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo kēia mau holoholona thermophilic e hāʻule me ka pohō nui o ke kaohi i ka pahu. I kēia hihia, hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke ulu nei:
- Fin rot. Ua ʻike ʻia me ke ao ʻana o ka plumage a me ke ʻano o nā hepē o ka luku ma nā ʻaoʻao ona. ʻO kekahi manawa ʻo ka cornea kekahi lāʻau. ʻO nā kaukau wai lāʻau paʻakai, disinfection o ka lepo a me nā mea hana, hoʻohui i ka Bicillin-5 a me ka normalization o nā ʻōnaehana o ka honua hiki ke kōkua.
- Ichthyosporidiosis. ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi fungal ka mea hōʻino o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā hana ʻoi, a laila ke nalowale nei o ka makemake, protrusion o nā maka, disheveled scales, ke ʻano o nā ʻeha a me ka nekrosis ma ke kino. Ke hoʻomohala nei kēia lelo i ka lohi loa, akā alakaʻi mau i ka make o nā holoholona mai ka luhi a me ka atrophy o nā mea ola, no laila e hoʻopakele ana i ka aquarium i ke kāpae wale ʻana o ka maʻi a me ka wehe piha.
- Trichodinosis. Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi ma ka infusoria a puni-ciliary e pili ana i ke kino o nā holoholona. Ua uhi ʻia nā unahi i kahi paʻu keʻokeʻo, ʻā ʻo ka iʻa i ka ʻāina, hoʻākoʻo ʻia ma lalo o ke kahawai o aer. No ka mālama ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia kahi waihona kālā hoʻokaʻawale, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia i ka poli methylene.
ʻO nā mea hoʻonaʻauao kaulana
ʻO nā hui o kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano (Alestes, Mikralest, Bricinus, Phenacogrammus, Arnoldichtis, Ladigesia a me Lepidarchus) like like me kēlā me kēia ma nā koi like o nā kūlana paʻa. ʻO nā mea aku aku ʻola maʻamau o kēlā mau iʻa:
- Nā ʻ tetlelo ʻĀpelika
- Lena wahine lepain a me Adonis haracin,
- ʻĀkau
- Holo ʻOle,
- Nannostomuses,
- Hoʻokaʻawale nā tetras
- Kāhea ʻole ʻia
- Malorota Striped
- Piranhas.
E nānā i nā kūleʻa dwarf.
ʻO Characin ka iʻa aku loko o ka iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, ma ka awelika, hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 10-15 cm, a i loko o ka noho hoʻopono nei. E mālama maʻalahi ʻia nā ʻano a pau i ka home, kaʻi wikiwiki i ka spawning. Pono ke kokoke o nā kūlana o nā kaola me ka wai kūlohelohe kūpono, no laila aia nā māla kūpono ʻole a me kahi wahi ʻole no ka neʻe. No ka mea i loko o ka nahele hihiu lākou e kahe ana i ka wai me ka wai maʻemaʻe, he mea āpau lākou i ka wai a me nā meaʻala.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka wai ʻāʻī a i ʻole nā ʻano paʻakikī i ia mau iʻa e mākaukau lākou no ka hoʻohuli. Kia ʻoi aku ka hana ma waena o 1-2 mau pule, 20-30% o ka wai e hoʻomaʻū hou i nā mea hou a maʻemaʻe. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā ka wai wai i kona mau ʻokoʻa mai ka aquarium.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālamalama a pālahalaha maikaʻi, i loko o ka mea lapaʻau ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana i nā wahi me kahi aniani kahi e kū ʻole ai ka lā. I laila, hoʻihoʻi ka iʻa a hoʻomaha. E ʻike i ka ʻano saturated o ko lākou kala, ua manaʻo ʻia e waiho i ka eleeleʻeleʻele ma ka lalo o ka ipu. He mea nui e uhi i ka aquarium i ʻole e holo ʻole nā holoholona.
ʻAi lākou i ka ʻai, maloʻo a maikaʻi loa ka meaʻai. Pono nā lawehala e hānai i nā iʻa ola wale. Hiki i kekahi mau iʻa ke haehae i nā pua.
E nānā i nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana haracin i kahi hui me nā cichlids dwarf
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka hana kūlohelohe, hoʻomaka ka spawning i ka manawa nui. Hoʻololi pinepine pinepine ka wai me ka wai iʻa i ka iʻa e hoʻohuli. Loaʻa ia kēia me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wai. Pākuʻi paha kekahi o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ka aquarium laulā, akā ma kēia ʻano he liʻiliʻi ka hua.
No ka hoʻonui i nā manawa o ke ola no ka pīkī, e hoʻohana i kahi aquarium hoʻokaʻawale - spawning. Mālama ʻia kahi mākeke ma lalo - nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, a waiho ʻia kahi pahu hoʻokaʻawale i luna o lākou, e pale aku ai i nā mākua i ka ʻai ʻana i ka caviar. Pono ka wai kīwī me ka palupalu - a hiki i 3 ° dH.
Hoʻomaka ka hatching pīpī e hoʻomaka i ka hānai i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai lākou e ʻauʻau aʻai a puni ka aku, a ua kanu ʻia i ciliates ka lilo ʻana i mea e hoʻomaka ai.
Nā ʻīlau
ʻAʻole wale ʻo Neon ka mea i ʻike ʻia i waena o nā characins, akā ʻo kekahi o nā iʻa iʻa ka nui iʻa. Kohu nui nā mākaʻi o nā ʻano ʻano ʻano maʻalahi, no laila e haʻahaʻa ka kumu o kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi.
ʻO kēia mea ʻoluʻolu e nānā maikaʻi loa i ka hui o nā ʻohana. I loko o nā koola nui, mālama nā nona i kahi hipa nani, a me nā aniani ākea ma ko lākou kino e huki i ka manaʻo. Ua loaʻa i kēia mau iʻa ko lākou inoa a mahalo i nā hōʻailona e hoʻomanaʻo nei i ka puhi ʻana o nā neon.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo nā mākau akamai o ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e waiho nui a makemake ʻia. Hoʻokaʻakaʻe ʻia nā neons i nā wahi ākea, no ka laʻana, no ka kānana kānana a i ʻole ka waihona noiʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke puka i waho o ka nahā a lākou iho, a make pinepine ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia.
I ka huina, he 4 mau ʻano o neon - uliuli, ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ʻeleʻele. I waho ke ʻano, he like lākou, akā i ka mea maoli he mau ʻokoʻa i waena o lākou, a hiki i ka hikiwawe ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole.
Blue neon (Latin Paracheirodon innesi, English Neon Tetra)
Hana ʻia i 1936. I kekahi manawa i loko o nā hale kanu, ua hana kahi pale. I mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻohana o nā iʻa uliuli, ua mākaukau nā aquarist e hāʻawi kālā he nui. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai nui loa ma muli o ka waiwai o ka iʻa - ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia i ka hoʻopio ʻana, ʻaʻole hua ka neon, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kānaka a pau mai ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ʻoiai i hiki i ka iʻa ke noho i loko o ka wai paʻakikī, no ka hānai ʻana he pono palupalu ia - a hiki i 3 ° dH. I ka wā hou, ua hoʻoweliweli ke kaʻina hana, ua hāʻule nui ke kumukūʻai, a i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia ka neon uliuli kekahi o nā iʻa maʻalahi.
He like ke kūlike o ka neon Blue:
- ʻO ka nui o ka iʻa e liʻiliʻi - a i ke 3 cm.
- Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kua o ke neon uliuli i kahi ʻoliva ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Holo iki ʻia kahi polū kukui olakino ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka mua o ka maka a ua pau me ka momona momona.
- ʻO ka huelo mai ka maka mua o ka pulu anal e ʻulaʻula i ka ʻala.
He neon Red (lat.Paracheirodon axelrodi, English Cardinal Tetra)
Ua wehe ʻia ma hope iki, i ka makahiki 1956. Ma ke ʻano ʻo ka mākeke, ʻaʻole i mana i ka manaʻo ʻē aʻe ma mua o kona kaikaina ʻulaʻula. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ia mai ka neon polū i loko o ke kala ʻulaʻula nui, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka pulu o ka maka a holo aku ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻOi loa ka pālahalaha ʻana o ke neon ʻulaʻula mai nā ʻaoʻao, a ʻoi aku ka nui o kona kino. I ka hoʻouluulu, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka neons.
ʻ Nelelo Keʻaleʻa Neon (ʻhesslelo Hyphessobrycon Hālāwai
He mea nani loa, ʻano kupaianaha, iʻa hema, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka mālama pono a me nā kukui.
E like me ke koena o nā neons, ʻo ke kaula manawaleʻa e holo i ke kino, akā i ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele he kālā ia. Ma lalo o ia mea mai ka palena o ka maka o kahi maka he ʻolokeʻulaʻula ʻokoʻa.
Erythrosonus (ʻ Hemlelo Hemigrammus erythrosonus, Pelekikena Glowlight Tetra)
Loaʻa pū kekahi, tetra koʻikoʻi o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi - a hiki i 4 cm.
ʻO ke kua o ka erythrosonus he translucent a pena ʻia i kahi kukui melemele ke kukui, a mai ka maka mua o ka maka a hiki i ke kumu o ka caudal i kahi keʻokeʻo nani ʻona kahani, e like me ka mea e kulu mai ana i loko. ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula mua o ke dorsal fin.
Ternia (lat.Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, ʻōlelo Pelekania. ʻ Widlelo Nui a Tetra)
He iʻa paʻakikī ka iʻa momona, a he ʻona a hiki i 6 cm no nā characins.hō kona kino, kiʻekiʻe, ʻūlū mai nā ʻaoʻao, a mahalo i kona pālahalaha ākea he wana. ʻO ke kaulike kala kalaʻe ke nānā aku i ka mālamalama hoʻākāka, e hāʻawi ana i kēia iʻa i kahi hiʻohiʻona like me ke ʻano. ʻO ka ʻāpana nani loa o ka kakā ʻo ka peni anal kūmole e like me ke kaʻe. ʻAno hina ka kala o ka iʻa. Ma ke alo o mua o ke kino he mau pālule e kū pono ana i nā ʻalani laula.
Ua loa ʻia ka makemake o nā iʻa ʻōpio a i makemake ʻia e nā pua, a he nui nā ʻano like ʻole: ʻo ka ʻeleʻele, ke gula a me albino. ʻO nā mea kūloko me nā pale pale lōʻihi ua lima pū kekahi. Ua lilo kēia iʻa ma muli o ka pena kiʻi like ʻole i nā kala ʻōniʻoniʻo. Pono e mālama ʻia me kēlā me kēia kanaka - ma ke ʻano o ka manawa, holoi ʻia ka peʻe, palupalu ʻia ka pale ʻole a hōʻemi ʻia ka manaʻolana.
He ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka genetic GloFish. Kohu ʻia kēia mau iʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana genetic, a ua hoʻoili ʻia ke kala mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna. Eia kekahi, ʻike lākou i ka kukui UV a me nā kukui polū.
Loaʻa nā kakalaioa GloFish i loko o kēia mau kala:
Aia ka iʻa me kahi iʻa no nā mea ʻalani maʻamau.
ʻOnnatus
Maluhia, ikaika a ʻano maikaʻi i nā iʻu a meʻa. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hiʻohiʻona kino no nā characins.
Ma ka huina holoʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻano ʻano: ornatus maʻamau, phantom ʻeleʻele, phantom ʻulaʻula, ornatus ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole rubostigma.
Ma kaʻikepili, nā huaʻai a me nā maʻamau, ua like lākou.
- Ornatus vulgaris (ʻ Hlelo Latin Hyphessobrycon bentosi, ʻōlelo Pelekane Ornate Tetra). ʻO ke kala kūlohelohe o kēia tetra he brownish-bata me nā ʻāpana aʻoaʻo keʻokeʻo. Mahalo i ke koho, ua loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole - keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a me nā ornatuses pale. Ma nā ʻike i keʻano like lākou, ua like lākou me ka mea like.
- ʻ Phlelo Phantom ʻ (lelo (Latin Hyphessobrycon megalopterus, English Pelekane ʻO Phantom Tetra). Hōʻike i nā iʻa hina me ka pua ʻeleʻele me.
- Red Phantom (ʻ :lelo: Megalamphodus sweglesi, Pelekane; Red Phantom Tetra). ʻO nā ornatuses āpau, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā mea nui loa a me ka makemake ke ola i ka wai maʻemaʻe. E like me ke ʻano o ka inoa, nā ʻulaʻula wili i piha i kona kala. Hoʻopili ke kino, a loaʻa i nā lau nā lau ruby.
- ʻO ka ornatus ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole rubostigma (lat.Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma, Pelekane. Bleeding Heart Tetra). I kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia i kahi tetra me ka puʻuwai koko. ʻOiaʻiʻo, nānā iki ka iʻa - hina ke kino me kona mau pinkish, ʻo ka dorsal a me ka anal anal me nā hōʻailona keʻokeʻo, a ma ka waenakonu o ke ʻano ke nānā aku ʻana o nā pupu ʻulaʻulaʻula like me kahi ʻeha. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o kahi kālai he neon ruby.
Tetra von rio (lat.Hyphessobrycon flammeus, English Flame Tetra)
ʻO kekahi o nā hana ulana kilokilo, ʻoiai he mea kaulana loa ia. ʻO ka mua o ke kino he ʻoliva a hina paha i ka waihoʻoluʻu me nā hōʻailona ʻeleʻele kūpaʻa, e huli hoʻi i ka ʻulaʻula i ka huelo.
Ma ke koho ʻana, loaʻa nā pua ʻole me nā pua ʻeleʻele. I kēia hihia, waiwai nui ke alo o ke kino i loko o ka ʻulaʻula.
Serpas (Latin Hyphessobrycon eques, Serpae Tetra)
ʻO ka paona nani nani o ke kala ʻōpiopio. I waena o nā characins ʻē aʻe, ka hiʻohiʻona ʻia e ka hoʻoweliweli a hoʻoweliweli i ka iʻa me nā pale pale. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kahi pilikia o nā tetras a me nā malihini noho palekana. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ʻikekini he mau laina ʻoi hope ʻoi ka maka.
Mahalo i ka hana o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi, i ʻokoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana o ke kala, me kona ʻulaʻula nui. I loko o ka aquarium, kaulana ʻo ia ka "liʻiliʻi".
Lemon Tetra (Latin Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis, English Lemon Tetra)
ʻO ka mea kupaianaha nui ʻia kēia nani melemele i nā ʻohana nui. I kona kala, lanakila nā kala lemon, ka ikaika o kēlā me kēia a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻolaʻa. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa loa o ka lemon tetra ʻo ia ka dorsal ʻeleʻele-melemele a me nā pupu anal, a me ka nūula ʻulaʻula o nā maka.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, i nā manawa pōpilikia, ua hoʻokū ʻia nā lem tetras i loko o nā holoholona nui, e hoʻohana ana i nā pua māmā e hoʻokau wale aku i kahi mea i loaʻa.
Tetra amanda (lat.Hyphessobrycon amandae, Eng. Ember Tetra)
ʻO kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi i ka nui o ke kino, ka nui a me nā ʻano e like me ka neon. ʻOi aku kona kino ʻōpio iʻoi aku ka nui o 2 cm a loaʻa i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nui.
I loko o ka hale kanu ua kū mai a loaʻa i ke kaulana kaulana loa i waena o nā mea aloha i ka herbalists a me nā nano-aquariums. E leʻaleʻa ka ruby tetra e pale i ke kua o ke kua o nā lau o ke aʻa.
Koho na kaila tetra (lat.Prionobrama filigera, English Glass Bloodfin Tetra)
ʻO kekahi o nā tetras ʻokoʻa loa a nani. A maino ʻia kona kino, a ma waena pono ke ʻike ʻia nā kuʻi o ka iʻa. ʻO ka moni caudal, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke kumu, he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ʻokoʻa.
Tetra Kongo (lat.Phenacogrammus interruptus, English Kongo Tetra)
ʻO kēia iʻa nani a me ka anuʻu i ulana ʻia i ka muliwai o ʻAmelika Kūkulu. He nunui nui loa (6-8 cm), a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka moʻomeheu wahine i loko o ia wahi ma mua o nā poʻe ʻehā ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOi aku nā poli a me nā wahine he nui. E hoʻoleʻa ka iʻa iho: nā ʻāpana o kona kala mai ka turquoise ma ka ʻōpū i ka melemele ma ke kua. Ma muli o ke kūpono a me ka nani.
Royal Tetra a i ʻole Tetra Palmyri (lat.Nematobrycon palmeri, Eng. Emperor Tetra)
Kahi i ka ʻia ʻana o ka iʻa me ka dorphism. He liʻiliʻi nā kiko o ia - 4 cm i nā kāne a me 3.5 cm i nā wahine. ʻAno hoihoi ke kala a me ke ʻano o ke kino - ʻo nā kua o nā kāne ka lāʻau ʻoliva me kahi lilint tint. Mai ka stigma a hiki i ka huelo, aia kahi alaka ʻeleʻele, me kahi kaʻe o luna a me kahi ʻulaʻula aʻe. ʻOno melala nā poli, a ʻo ke kāʻei o nā kāne he elongated kolona ʻekolu.
Ua liʻiliʻi nā wahine, ʻānō nani a ʻaʻole lākou i nā ʻili momona e like me nā kāne.
Lehua Tetra (Latin Moenkhausia pittieri, English English Tetra)
ʻO kekahi iʻa ʻano ʻono nona ka inoa e wehewehe pono ai i kona helehelena. Ke kino ʻia ke kino o ke aniani tetra, me nā aniani ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau kaulima manuahi i ka uliuli, melemele a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke ʻano ʻana i ka iʻa e like me ke aniani multi-faceted diamond.