He manu ʻokoʻa a Redstart kahi manu liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nona nā kauoha Passeriformes. ʻAʻole ʻike nā ʻano manu o kēia manu ma Rūsia; ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo nā subspecies i holo i loko o ko mākou mau ʻāina.
ʻO nā manu e ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia a kūkākūkā ʻia nā manu like ʻole i hiki i ke ʻano o ka redstart maʻamau (coot, garden), chernushka a me Siberian redstart.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona ʻuhane holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i 15 cm, a ʻo nā ʻēheu he 24 cm. Kaumaha a ka manu he 20-25 gram.
Kahi a kahi e noho ai ka redstart
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia manu i nā'āina he nui, akā ʻo ka hapanui o lākou e noho nei ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Asia, aneane ka ʻāina āpau o ʻEulopa, ma China, India, a me Russia.
Noho ka hapanui redstart i kēlā mau wahi kahi o kahi kuahiwi, akā nō naʻe, noho lākou ma nā ululāʻau, ʻoi loa i ka ulu lāʻau. Ua hoʻonui ʻia nā nā nahele maʻamau i ka nui o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu i kūpono.
Ma kā mākou wahi, hiki ke loaʻa i ka redstart māla i nā paka i nā kīhāpai, nā māla, nā māla huaʻai: ʻo ka mea nui ka nui o nā kumulāʻau nāhelehe e ulu ana a puni.
I ka hoʻoilo, lele ka redstart i nā ʻaoʻao hema o nā ʻAmelika Arapi a ma ʻAmelika.
Nui nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau manu. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā subspecies o kēia mau manu mai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hulu hulu manu ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nani a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
He ʻulaʻula ulaula ka redstart, a ʻo ke koena o ka hulu ʻalaʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele metallic hina. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kala o ka kāne ma mua o ka plumage o ka wahine.
He mea kupaianaha naʻe ia no ka hoʻoilo, ua keʻokeʻo ka keʻokeʻo o nā kāne kāne o ka lei hulu. He manu ʻano ikaika ʻo Redstart: ʻaʻole lākou e noho mālie, akā e lele mau ana, e hana ana i nā leo he nui.
He aha nā mea a kēia manu e ʻai ai
E ʻai ʻia kēlā mau manu a me nā manu nūhi: nā lele, nā anuʻi, nā kaʻi, nā ʻalā o nā pōpō, a me nā mea nui a me nā snails liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole kēia e ʻōlelo nei ua ʻai wale kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi i nā mea ʻino, me ka leʻaleʻa maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano hua like ʻole e ulu ana i nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai he mea hoihoi loa, ʻaʻole ka redstart iʻai koke i nā iniseti: mua, hopu ka manu i ka mea i pio, a laila lawe iā ia i kahi i loaʻa ʻole kahi pōpilikia. ʻO nā pīpī nunui ua kui mua ʻia e ka redstart me kona ʻauhau, a i hāʻule maoli ʻia i ka ʻāina ikaika o ka honua e hoʻokū ai i ka waiwai. No nā mauhele manu ka nui a i ʻole nā mea ʻai holoholona, hoʻohemo ka redstart i kona mau wāwae.
Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka pānaʻi e hānai i kā lākou mau moa, ʻo ka ʻakaʻoki ʻalani a ka ʻokiʻoki i nā inikini a kāʻili i nā huaʻai, a ma hope wale nō ka hoʻouna ʻana i kēia "puree" i ka pulupulu o kā lākou keiki.
Ola a me kahi o ka hoʻolaha
Ma ka ulu lāʻau, ola ka redstart i nā ululāʻau, ʻokoʻa ka liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi māla nahele, ma ʻEulopa a me Asia. A aia no hoi ma ke komohana komohana o ka "kalepa uliuli". I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe lākou i nā wahi me kahi mahana wela, kahi na mea maʻamau o kēia mau manu. No ka laʻana, he redstart Siberian ma kahi hoʻoilo i hele i Iapana.
E hoʻi nā manu i loko o ka pūnāwai e hiki ke loaʻa nā meaʻai kūpono i ko lākou noho. Hāʻawi lākou i ka ʻeli i nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a hāʻawi aku i nā mele ʻē aʻe, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai e ka maʻemaʻe a me ke mele. Hoʻopau pinepine nā manu i ka lekiō i ka pō, a laila e ʻoliʻoli nei i ka mea mahana mai ʻApelila a waena waena o Iulai.
Pehea nā redstart breed
ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo ka redstart i kūkulu i kā lākou ʻuʻuku i nā puʻu o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa ke kūkulu ʻia kā lākou ʻuʻuku ma lalo o ka hale o kahi e noho ai a i ʻole i kahi hana i hana ʻia o ka wahie.
ʻO nā hihia o ka hana ʻana i nā nisa i nā aʻa lāʻau kahi mea maoli ʻole ia: kūpono kūpono ke hoʻoponopono ʻia i nā mea mai kahi e hoʻopuʻi ai ka wahī. Hoʻohana ʻia mai ka mauʻu, nā ʻōpala, ka moss, i kekahi manawa i loaʻa nā kaula, nā kaula, ka huluhulu i ka kila.
Hōʻoia ʻo ke kāne ke noho ʻole nā manu ʻē aʻe i ka nuku hou i kūkulu ʻia, ʻo ia nō ke kuleana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hale i kapa ʻia ʻo ia e noho ai nā pīpī.
Hoʻomaka ka manu e waiho i nā hua ma ka hopena o Mei, i loko o kahi hakakā i laila aia i nā hua he 6-8 mau polū. Hāpaiʻo Hatching i ʻelua pule, ma hope o ka pipi ʻana i nā pipi i ka nisa no kahi mau lā 15.
ʻO ka wahine a me ke kāne ke hānai i kā lākou keiki: lawe lākou i ka meaʻai i kā kā lākou mau moa a hiki i 500 mau lā i ka lā. Hele ka mākua i nā moa a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana e lele wiwo ʻole a loaʻa kā lākou ʻai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka Diet
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia manu, ka mea e like me nā ʻōlelo o ka lapalapa, ka mea maʻamau ʻaʻole ma mua o 150 mm. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka nui o ia - wale 19 g. Me kahi nui, ʻike ʻia kahi redstart he hana maʻalahi. Hāʻawi ka poʻe manu liʻiliʻi i ka "ʻulaʻula ulaula o ka hulu ma ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻoi. Pole ka poʻo o ko lākou poʻo a me ke kua.
ʻO nā kāne a ʻelikā kāne nona nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā manu ʻilihune, kahi hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka plumage. He ʻōkuhi pulu o ka wahine i ka hulu.
ʻO ka papaʻai o redstart e loaʻa:
· A ma muli o ka mea hoʻohui meaʻai - nā hua hua.
ʻ arehai ʻo Ptahs i ke ao a pau. Ke noho ana ma kahi lālā a iʻa paha lākou, kuʻi lākou i ko lākou huʻu. I ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pepeke, hoʻopuka lākou i ka manawa pōkole, a laila e lawe i kā hopu. Hoʻohui ʻia kā lākou nuku no ka hopu ʻana i nā pahal i a me nā midges ma ka lele.
E kāʻei i nā pepeke liʻiliʻi e ʻuʻuku ana i ka lepo, koho lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe liʻiliʻi: i kahi māla lāʻau - nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā lālā liʻiliʻi o nā kumu lāʻau, kokoke i kahi hale o kekahi kanaka - cornice a i ʻole nā mākaʻi o nā hale.
ʻO nā mea mele mele o kahi manu
ʻO ka pono kūpono o ka redstart ʻo kāna mele, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻekolu: hoʻopuka, climax a me ka hopena.
Inā ʻoe e makaʻala pono i ke ʻano o kā lākou hīmeni ʻana, ʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka manawa o ka redstart e like me ke mele ʻana i nā manu ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻalo nā manu i nā manawa āpau, e hoʻomaha wale ana i ka pō, ʻoiaʻiʻo no kekahi mau hola. Me ka wanaʻao, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā kani kilokilo o kā lākou mele nani, me ka ikaika i ka ʻili i kā lākou huelo.
Ke awakea, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke mele, ka ʻoni o ka plumage i ka ʻā o ke kū mai o ke kahe o ka lā, no laila ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka redstart i kona inoa, no ka mea i ka hui pū ʻana o kahi lā ʻoni a me nā ʻapo makapō, i like paha nā hulu o ka hulu manu e hoʻopau wale a ʻā.
ʻO ke mele pinepine ai nā kāne, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō ma kahi mele 500 i hoʻokahi lā.
Lilo ka Redstart i kanaka
He mea kūpono kēia manu no ka māla a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana, e like me ka manu ʻole i ʻai i nā lau lau, e like me nā mea ulu manu ʻē aʻe.
Pōmaikaʻi ka poʻe i ka wā e noho ai kēia manu ma kahi kokoke i ko lākou kauwela kauwela a i ʻole ke kīlaʻi ʻana, no ka mea ke hoʻopau ʻo ia i nā mea ʻino e hiki ai ke hoʻopōʻino i ka ʻike o kahi hua maikaʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi nā pōpoki, nā pōpoki, nā namu a me nā mea ʻino nā mea ʻai i nā lau).
Ara parrot
Palapala inoa Latin: | Phoenicurus |
Pelekane Pelekane: | ʻOihana kikowaena |
Aupuni: | Nā holoholona |
Kahi: | Kiʻi |
Kākau: | Nā manu |
Hoʻokomo ʻia: | Nā ʻāpana ʻāpana |
Ohana: | Puka-lele |
Kaukaʻikaʻi: | ʻOihana kikowaena |
ʻO ka lōʻihi kino: | 10-15 cm |
Ke loa lōʻihi | 8 cm |
Nā Wingspan: | 25 cm |
Ke kaumaha: | 25 g |
He aha hoihoi a kū ʻole i kēia manu
- Ke ʻike nei i loko o ka aniani i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o kona kino, hiki i ka redstart ke holo iā ia me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana,
- Makemake nā wahine e hopu i nā pepeke ma luna o ka honua, aʻo ke kāne e hopu i nā pepeke i ka lele,
- Hiki i ka Redstart ke hana i nā ʻohana manu ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, nā cuckoos liʻiliʻi) a me kā lākou iho: e hānai iā lākou, aʻo iā lākou e ʻai a lele.
ʻO Redstart kekahi o nā manu hoihoi hoihoi a ʻike ʻia; ʻaʻole hiki ke pupule ʻia kona kala me ka kala o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā mea like
Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia ʻo Redstart, ʻo ia manu liʻiliʻi me ka huʻu ʻulaʻula. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o ka redstart ʻo ka ʻula o ka huila a me ka ʻōpū; ua momona lākou, he hina ka kua. ʻOiai, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻili o nā wahine i ʻoniʻoni. I ka wā o ka lele mai kahi lālā a i kahi lālā, twistart characteristically twitches kona huelo, me ka mea e hoʻomālamalama i ke ahi ʻōlamalama i ka lā, a laila hoʻokuʻu manu. No laila ua kapa ʻia ka redstart ma muli o ka ʻāpana saturated o ka huelo, me he mea lā "ʻā ʻia" (ʻā ʻia ke kao).
Ma waena o ka redstart, aia nā ʻano like ʻole, kahi o ka redstart ulaula hina (maʻamau), redstarted redstart, Siberian redstart, red-bellied redstart, redstarted coot, park redstart. I ka manawa like, ʻokoʻa lākou a pau i kahi ʻōpū loa, kahi koikoi awl-kahi a me kahi liʻiliʻi ma ka hope, lōʻihi a nā wāwae ʻokoʻa.
ʻUlaʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
Loaʻa i nā ʻenekia redstart a i ʻole nā redstarted redstart e loaʻa ma ʻEulopa a me ʻĀsia Asia. ʻOi ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o ka pīpī a kaupaona i ka 14-19 grama. ʻO ka kāne ke kīhule ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o mua, ka lae, ka pūpiki, nā papālina, nā ʻāʻī a me ke goiter, ʻeleʻele ʻia ka huʻu i ka kala ʻulaʻula me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. I ka manawa like, na ka wahine he polū ʻulaʻula-hina, me ka hoʻowalewale ʻia o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula māmā.
Noho kēlā mau manu ma nā kuahiwi mauna:
- kāhea eʻai
- ma nā pali
- ma nā puhū me nā ʻōpala paʻu
Loaʻa ʻia lākou ma nā wahi noho, kahi mau lākou i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā kahua a me nā kūkulu kūkulu ʻia, nā wahi ākea me nā hale kaawale like ʻole nā pipili a nā hale pule paha o nā halepule. Mālama ʻia ʻo Blackstarted Redstarts wale nō a he ʻelua.
I Ukraine, ua manaʻo ʻia ka redstart redstart e noho manuahi ʻana, nā manu migratory o nā manu i loaʻa i ka ʻāina a puni.
Ka hīmeni ʻana ka hīmeni ʻana a me nā mea hina, e like me ka lāʻau. I ka hoʻomaka, lohe ʻia kekahi trik haʻalulu pōkole, ka nui o ka nui o ka hoʻonui, a ma hope o ke ʻano he nui kahi trill nui. I ka redstart redstart, hiki i ka mele ke hoʻokuʻi hou ʻia i nā manawa he i ka lālani.
Ke poʻo ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā Redstart maʻamau
ʻO ka hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha a ʻo kahi manu ʻono hoʻi kekahi. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke kāne wale nō ke hiki ke kaena aku i ka palaualelo ʻōpōpō maikaʻi, no ka mea ua ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka wahine. ʻAno ke kala, akā ʻulaʻula ka ʻili. I ke kāne, ʻeleʻele-hina ka popo o ke kua, ke umauma, ka ʻōpū, nā ʻaoʻao a me ka huelo i loko o ke kala ʻulaʻula, akā he ʻeleʻele kona ʻāʻī a me kona mau pāpālina. I kekahi manawa aia ka lae keʻokeʻo ke kāne.
ʻO ka Redstart maʻamau e noho ana ma ʻAkelika Komohana, Eurasia, a ma ka hapa nui o Rusia.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, hoʻohanohano ʻia ka redstart maʻamau e ka hīmeni sonorous. I ka hoʻomaka, hele pinepine a hele aku ke kuʻikahi, akā i ka lōʻihi o ka wā o ka emi ʻana o ka trill.
Māla māla
E makemake ana ka māla redstart i nā māla i nā lāʻau wale ʻia, kahi i loaʻa i nā kīhāpua kahiko, nā māka nui. I ka manawa like, makemake ʻo ia e noho mamao mai nā kānaka. Loaʻa ka redstart māla i nā nahele wili nahele, i nā nahele coniferous, kahi mau lāʻaualalala mau.
ʻO ka redstart māla ke wahi ʻeleʻele nui-hina ke kino, ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele, nā ʻaoʻao, a me ka mua. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke poʻo a me ka waena o ke ahinahina o ka ʻāpana o ka ʻula keʻokeʻo. ʻUmi, ʻaoʻao a me ka huelo ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole like nā kāne, ʻalani ʻia ka wahine o ke poʻo hina, akā he hina ke kua o ka ʻōpū o ke kino. ʻO nā hulu ʻeleʻele o ke kino o lalo aku he mau rimony-yellow rim.
He hīmeni a waiwai hoʻi nā mele a ke mele. I ke mele ʻana i nā mele melodic a me nā mele aloha. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, ʻo ka redstart he mea kupanaha a he mea hoʻowahāwahā ʻia, no laila ua unuhi pinepine ʻia nā mele a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
ʻOihana kikowaena
ʻO Redstart-coot - kahi manu liʻiliʻi ʻīwī ma nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe. He mau manu ʻoi loa kēia, no laila lele lākou i kēlā lā i kēia wahi a kahi i kipa, e hoʻopuni ana i kā lākou hiʻu.
ʻOkoʻa ka mele ʻana i ka redstart mai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke mele he mele puʻupuʻu pōkole ʻoi, kahi hoʻomaka me kahi kani i hala a hoʻopau i nā pahu e ʻokoʻa loa.
ʻStlelo Rediber
Loaʻa ka Siberian Redstart ma nā wao nahele nani, nā lāʻau, nā māla, a me kekahi mau kauhale ma ka hema o Siberia, Amur Region a me Prygorye. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻuʻuku i nā poho, nā pōhaku ʻokiʻoki, kahi pūpuna o nā pōhaku a ma lalo hoʻi o ka hale o nā hale.
I kahi kāne Siberian Redstart, he poʻo hina ke poʻo o ka poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī i ka pali, a pōkole nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, ke ʻula, nā kua a me nā ʻēheu, akā he wahi keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā ʻēheu. ʻAno ulaula ka ʻōpū a me ke kāʻei. He like ka wahine me ka wahine o kahi redstart maʻamau. ʻUlaʻula kona ʻano, akā ʻo ka ʻili, e like me ke kāne, ʻulaʻula. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā eheu.
Redstart Kaukaʻewa
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Redstart Redstart me Siberian Redstart, akā ʻoi aku ka nui a me ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo. Aia ka hona i kahi ʻulaʻula red-red hue, akā he ʻulaʻulaʻula a he wahi keʻokeʻo ka wahine ma nā ʻēheu.
Noho nō ia ma nā kuahiwi o ka Central Caucasus a me Southern Siberia, akā hibernates ia i nā kuahiwi haʻahaʻa - ma nā mākeke o nā kai buckthorn a i nā wao wai.
Kālā
ʻO Redstart kahi ʻano manu manu ʻEulopa, no laila ʻokoʻa loa kāna noho. Loaʻa ma ʻEulopa, ʻo ka hapa nui loa o Western a me Central Siberia a me Asia Komohana. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou makemake i ka noho ma nā ulu lāʻau paila. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā wahi hiʻu nui loa e mau ana i nā kihi lāʻau, nā puʻu o nā kumu, nā puʻu kahiko, nā māla a me nā paka. Eia kekahi, makemake ka redstart e hoʻopaʻa i ka pā ʻana i nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ai nā nests. Noho ka ʻuʻuku ma nā puʻu, ma nā lālā lāʻau o nā lāʻau, i nā lāʻau ākea a me nā ʻōpala kahiko.
ʻAno hānau
I ka nui o nā redstart, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka pili ma luna o 6-7 mau huaʻai, kahi i waiho ʻia i ka uliuli mālamalama. ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki i nā hua e hana wale ʻia e ka wahine. Ma hope o 2 mau pule o ka hānai ʻana, hānau ʻia nā moa, ma hope ma kahi o 2-3 mau hebedoma ʻelua mau mākua e lawe i nā meaʻai. Hoʻomaka nā moa moa i lele i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka ʻike. Haʻalele ʻo Chicks i nā ʻuʻuku ma hope o ka wā e ulu ai a aʻo e lele, akā lele ʻoi a puni ka ʻanakala. Loaʻa ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i nā loko a me nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka redstart ma ke kauwela ke hana nei kekahi mau paila i ka 2-3 e kau ana.
Nā Lāʻau
Noho nā wīwī i nā wahi paʻa a hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia. I ka manawa like, kūkulu ʻia nā ʻuʻuku i ke ʻano luhi a loaʻa i ke kīʻaha kīʻaha. E hana i kahi redstart, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau maloʻo he nui o nā mea kanu, nā ʻano lāʻau lāʻau me ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā lau, nā pulu a me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻōpala i loko o ka pūnana, ka mea i ka huluhulu, nā hulu a me nā ʻāpana lau. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā pā like ʻole: ka lōʻihi - 110 mm, kiʻekiʻe - 90 mm, ka ʻāpana he ala ma ka awelika 90 mm, hohonu hohonu 40-70 mm.
Eia kekahi, ma ka ulu lāʻau pinepine nā hale kūikawā no ka redstart i hana ʻia e nā lima kanaka. Akā, ʻo ka hale e hana ʻia i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a kūpono wale no nā ʻano manu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa i nalowale - he papa a i hoʻokaʻa paha, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka ʻāpana o 2-2.5 cm. I ka manawa like, pono e hoʻolālā ʻia ka papa ma waho o ka hale.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hale e hana i ka nui loa:
- kiʻekiʻe - 20-25 cm
- lalo - 12 a 12
- o ka ʻāpana waena he 15-20 sq.cm
- ʻāpana lapiki - 3-4 cm
- ka mamao mai lalo haʻahaʻa o ka notch a i lalo - 10-12 cm
- mai ka piko o kahi kakaho i ka ea - 4-5 cm
He mea kūpono hoʻi no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana, ʻaʻole i pili ka redstart i nā hale rhombic, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kau iā lākou i kahi kihi. Eia kekahi, i ke kauwela ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka hale a i hema paha, ʻo ka mea nui ʻaʻole e hālāwai me ka makani.
Mālama ʻia ʻo Redstart ma ka home. Noho maikaʻi lākou i nā pūlapa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i koi ʻia e mālama i kekahi mau redstarted i loko o ka hale hoʻokahi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, no ka mea hakakā nō, ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka hoa paio.
ʻO nā mea ʻai
ʻO Redstart / Phoenicurus phoenicurus / Redstart
ʻAi ʻia ka redstart i nā nāhelehe wale - lele, nā namu, nā pōpoki, nā ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai - currants, elderberries a me nā raspberry. I ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo, ua mālama ʻo redstart i nā hua a me nā hua. Inā ʻoe e mālama i kahi redstart ma ka home, a laila pono e hānai i nā mea ola a hāʻawi i ka ʻai no nā manu insectivorous (Padovan).
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO ka wehewehe mua o ka redstart i hana ʻia e ka Sweden naturalist C. Linney i 1758 i ka paʻi i ka Systema Naturae ma lalo o ka inoa binomial ʻo Motacilla phoenicurus. Ua koho ʻia ka inoa o hope o Phoenicurus e nā mea maoli Pelekane ʻo Tomos Forster i ka makahiki 1817. ʻO ke ʻano a me ka inoa o nā ʻano phoenicurus mai nā huaʻōlelo Helene ʻelua phoinix "ʻulaʻula" a me ka -ouros - "ʻili".
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻO Redstart nā māka o ka ʻohana Muscicapidae, i hōʻike ʻia e ka ettyma o ka inoa ʻepekema, hānau ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā hua ʻōlelo Latin "musca" = lele a "capere" = hopu.
ʻO ka pili pili genetic o ka redstart maʻamau, ʻo ka redstart keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, ʻoiai ke koho o ka genus me kekahi i maopopo ʻole. ʻO kāna mau kūpuna paha ka mua ma ka puka mua e hoʻolaha i ʻEulopa. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua neʻe lākou mai ka pūʻulu o ka papa ʻeleʻele ʻoi aku ma kahi o 3 miliona mau makahiki i hala ma ka hope o ka Pliocene.
Wikiō: Redstart
Hoʻohālikelike mau ʻia, maʻamau a ʻulaʻula redstart a hiki ke hana i nā ʻūhā i ʻike maikaʻi a koʻikoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua i nā ʻokoʻa a e pili ana i ka hana pilikino, a no laila ke ʻano nui loa nā lua. Ua lilo ʻo Redstart i manu no ka makahiki ma Rusia ma 2015.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: Redstart Bird
He like like me ka redstart ke ʻano a me ke ʻano me ka zoryanka. Loaʻa ia iā ia ka lōʻihi o ke kino like 13-14.5 cm, akā he kiko inihi ʻiniki loa a he emi ke kaumaha 11-23 g. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻoni-ʻulaʻula, mai kahi redstart i loaʻa ai kona inoa, pinepine ka ʻokoʻa i nā hui hoʻohui. I waena o nā manu ʻEulopa maʻamau, ʻo ka redstart uliuli wale nō (P. ochrurus) kahi kāʻei o ka kala like.
ʻO ke kāne kūʻokoʻa ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka kala. I ke kauwela, he slate-hina ke poʻo a ma luna, koe wale nō no ka ʻōpū a me ka huelo, e like me nā ʻaoʻao, underwings, a me nā axillaries, he ʻoni-ʻona a me ka ʻulaʻulaʻula. Ke keʻokeʻo ka maka, ʻeleʻele ka maka ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ke ʻūhā. He ʻulaʻula nā ʻēheu a me nā hulu ʻelua o ka ʻāpana huluhulu, nā koʻi huluhulu i koe he ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻAe ke ʻokeʻo ka ʻona i ka ʻaoʻao i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻEleʻele a he wāwae nā wāwae. I ka hāʻule, hāʻule nā hulu hulu i ka pihi o ke kino, hāʻawi i kahi kala i kahi blurry.
Piʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā wahine. Ke ʻulaʻula ka luna o luna. ʻO ka palena o ke kino he beige māmā me ka umauma ʻōmole umauma, i kekahi manawa he nui, kahi kaawale i ka hina me ka hina hina hina a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa hoʻi e hoʻohālikelike hou me nā ʻāpana o lalo. He brownish nā ʻēheu, e like me ka kāne, ʻo ka underside he beige me kahi ʻula ʻala. I nā kala, nele ia i ka ʻeleʻele a me ka slate, a keʻokeʻo kona ʻōpū. Me nā makahiki, hiki i nā wahine ke hoʻokokoke i ke kala o nā kāne a lilo i hoʻohālikelike hou.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka redstart?
Kiʻi ʻO: Redstart ma Lūkia
ʻO ka hūnā ʻia o kēia ʻano ʻāpana Palearctic komohana a me ke kikowaena o ka wahi i loko o Eurasia, e komo pū me nā zona boreal, Mediterranean a me kahiʻaoʻao. Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema i loko o ka ulu lāʻau e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai e nā mauna. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka Redstart i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Iberian Peninsula, aia no ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke komohana. Aia nā hihia o ka hoʻōla ʻia ʻana o kēia mau manu i ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika.
Ma nā mokupuni Pelekane, loaʻa kēia ma nā ʻaoʻao mamao o Irani, ua noho ʻole ma ka mokupuni ʻo Scottish. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, e pā aku ka laha i Siberia a Lake Baikal. Hiki i ke kiʻi ʻia nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka hikina o ia mea. Ma ke ʻākau, e hoʻonui aku ai ka laulā ma Scandinavia i ka 71 ° north latitude, kahi me Kola Peninsula, a laila a laila hikina aku i ka Yenisei ma Lūkia. i loko o Italia, ua hele wale ka manu me Sardinia a me Corsica. Kahi ʻia ka mau ʻōkule ma ka moku ʻo Balkan a hiki i ka ʻĀkau Helene.
ʻO ka mea e hoihoi ai: ʻO Redstart i hana ikaika i ka hema a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke Kai ʻEleʻele a ma ke kūkulu hema hema Caucasus a ma kahi o 50 ° N ma o Kazakhstan a hiki i nā mauna Saur a hou aʻe ma ka hikina i ka Altai Mongoli. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana mai ka Crimea a me ka hikina o Turkey i ka Caucasus a me ka ʻōnaehana Kopetdag a me ka ʻūhini hema o Iran a ka Pamirs, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema i nā mauna Zagros. Noho liʻiliʻi nā kānaka liʻiliʻi ma Suria.
Laka mua nā redstart i nā māla makemakika me nā birches a me nā oaks, kahi e nānā maikaʻi ai ʻo ia wahi me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā pua, a ʻoi loa ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau i loaʻa nā lua kūpono no ka hana ʻana. ʻOi aku lākou i ka nalo i ka kihi o ka ulu lāʻau.
I ʻEulopa, ua komo pū kekahi i nā māka a me nā māla kahiko i nā kūlanakauhale kūloko. Hoʻohana lākou i loko o nā ululāʻau maoli o nā lāʻau, no laila he lāʻau make a nā mea paha i malo nā lālā i kūpono no kēia ʻano. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou i nā kumulāʻau konifous kahiko.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Nā kiʻi: male Redstart
Noho ka Redstart ma ka lalo o nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi a hana i nā neʻe haʻalulu weliweli. E ʻike ai i ka meaʻai, hele pōkole ka manu i ka lepo a hopu i nā mea inikini i ka wā o ka lele pokole i ka lewa. ʻO Winters ma waena o ʻApelia a me Arabia, hema o ka wao nahele Sahara, akā aia ma ka ʻākau o ka ekuatika a mai ka hikina Senegal a i Yemen. Lele nā manu i nā wahi i kokoke i ke ea savannah. Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā neʻe no ka hoʻoilo ma ka Sahara a i ʻole ʻEulopa ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka mea e ʻike ʻia: ʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ka hema i hema hema o ka ʻāina pana, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke Komohana Aria, ma ʻAitiopa a me Sudan ma ka hikina o ka Nile. Pono e waiho i Redstart no ka hoʻoilo. E hele mai ka hekili mai ka hapalua o Iulai a hoʻopau ma kahi i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. ʻO ka manawa haʻalele nui ke ka manawa ʻelua o ʻAukake. Hiki ke loaʻa nā manu Late a hiki i ka mahina ʻOkakopa, pilikia loa ma Nowemapa.
I nā wahi hoʻouluulu, nā manu mua e hiki mai i ka hopena o Malaki, ʻo ka manawa nui o ka hōʻea ʻana mai ka waena o ʻApelila a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o Mei. Hoʻokumu ka neʻe o ka hiʻona o ka redstart i ka ʻai e loaʻa ai. I ke anu anuanu, ʻo ke kino o ka meaʻai ka mea hua ʻia o nā hua. Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana, hīmeni mau nā kāne i ke ao, ʻo kā lākou mele wale nō i pau kahi hopena. I Iulai, ʻaʻohe lohe hou ka redstart i ka hana.
E mālama ana ʻo Shedding i Iulai - ʻAukake. ʻAʻole manuahi manuahi ʻo Redstart, i waho o ka wā ulu, ua ʻike pinepine lākou i ka ʻona. Aia ma nā wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka waiwai, no ka laʻana, ma nā kahe o nā muliwai, he nui nā ʻuʻuku o nā manu, a laila he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma waena o lākou.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
ʻO ka ʻaihue ʻana o Redstart i nā ana a i ʻole kekahi mea e ʻimi ai i nā kumulāʻau, i nā lāʻau noke. ʻAʻole loa eʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe, e pono e hōʻā ʻia me ka wai nāwaliwali, e like me ka pā ākea a i ʻole lua paha. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia mau ʻano i nā ana hollow, e like me nā kahakaha o nā pōhaku, nā pou pā hoka. Loaʻa nā nosis i nā hale hana kanaka i hana ʻia. Aia ka hapa nui o nā ʻuʻuku ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau mika. Inā hoʻonoho ʻia ka masonry ma luna o ka lepo, no laila e pono i kahi pale.
Hoʻopili ʻo Redstart i ke ʻano o ka hana monogamous o ka hoʻohālikelike. E hele iki nā males ma kahi liʻiliʻi loa ma ka wahi pana a hele i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi kūpono no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka nano. He hoʻoholo hope a ka wahine. Kūkulu ʻia ka pili i ka wahine, no ka 1.5 a 8 mau lā. Hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia ka laulā e ka nui o ka nui o ka pūnana.
Hoʻohana nā ʻōpala, mauʻu, nāhelehele, nā lau, a i ʻole nā mea ʻīwī no ka waiho ʻana i kahi kahua pālua. ʻO ka pinepine he mau pākuʻi liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hua, nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi, nā lālani a me ka willow. ʻO ka laulā o ka hale mai 60 a 65 mm, ka hohonu mai 25 a 48 mm. ʻO ka ʻāpana i loko o nā lako like o ke kumu, akā ua ʻinipiki a hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia pololei. Ua uhi ʻia me nā hulu o ka hulu, ka moss, ka lauoho holoholona, a i ʻole kekahi mea like.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: Inā nalowale ka pīpī, aia paha i kahi hala ka lōʻihi o ka brood. ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua o ka oviposition ka hopena o ʻApelila / hoʻomaka o Mei, ua nānā ʻia ka oviposition hope loa i ka hapa mua o Iulai.
ʻO ka clutch he 3-9, maʻamau 6 a 7 mau hua. O nā hua he oval, he hōkū uliuli-uliuli he ʻoniʻoni ʻoni. Noho ka inkubation i 12 a 14 mau lā a hoʻomaka i ka wā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka hua manu hope. Hiki i ka hua ʻaole ke lawe i kahi keu ma mua o ka lā. Ma hope o nā lā 14, hoʻomaka ka manu ʻōpio e lele. E lele wikiwiki nei nā manu ʻōpio i nā wahi hoʻoilo. Lilo lākou i ka moekolohe ma ka hopena o ka makahiki mua o ke ola.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka Redstart
Kuhi: Redstart Bird
ʻO ka maʻamau o ka redstart e peʻe ai, e kōkua iā ia e ola i loko o nā hale. ʻO kāna mau hana āpau e hōʻike ana i ka mālama ʻana, ka hūnā a me ka hilinaʻi ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā hānau, i ka wā e hoʻomāhuahua ana ka makaʻala a me ka nānā. Noho ka manu no nā hola i kahi huna ma waena o nā lau o kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a i loko o kahi pouli piha, mākaukau e pale iā ia iho i ka wā e ʻike ai ka pōʻino.
ʻO ka nalowale o nā hua a me nā pipi he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, no ka mea pale maikaʻi loa nā nests a hiki ʻole i nā mea hoʻolaha. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, mai ka 90% o nā hua manu me ka pōmaikaʻi, a i ka 95% o nā moa hani ʻoki kūʻokoʻa i waho o ka nalo.
Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka hua hipa huki ʻana e:
- i nā kūlanakauhale, ʻoi aku i kahi hapakolu o kēia mau hihia e pili ana i ka wawa o ke kanaka.
- ma nā wahi kuahiwi, nā manawa anuanu e hoʻonui nui i ka make o nā moa.
- ʻO nā lilo hou aku i kau ʻia e ka ectoparasites a me ka cuckoo, e mālama mau i nā hua i loko o ka pūnana o ka redstart ʻeleʻele, aemaise i ka ʻāpana alpine.
ʻO nā mea e ʻike nui ai nā manu makua ʻo ka Sparrowhawk a me ka Barn Owl. Kāohi ʻo ia i ka redstart mai ka hoʻomaha. Hoʻokomo nā ʻōlena i kā lākou hua ma ka hale, a ulana hoʻi i lalo o ka hale. A ke pale ia i ka redstart, like ʻole me nā manu ʻē aʻe, e like me nā blackbirds, sparrows a finches wale nō, ʻuʻuku ʻo ia i mau pāpaʻi. ʻO kēia paha paha ma ka maneuverability o nā mea e neʻe nei, ka mea nui no ka redstart e like me ka lawaiʻa.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻenemi o ka redstart i: cat, baiki, magpie, aloha, kāne. E pili ana i ke ʻano o ka nui o nā heluna kanaka, ʻike ka ʻike a me nā wānana e pili ana i ka hapalua o nā manu ʻohana nui i ka makahiki. ʻO 40 ʻē aʻe - mai hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau makahiki, aia wale nō ma kahi o 3 pakeneka - ʻelima mau makahiki a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO ka makahiki ma mua loa o ka makahiki kiaʻi manuahi manuahi ʻumi makahiki he ʻumi mau makahiki.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kiʻi ʻO: Redstart ma Lūkia
Ua emi malū ka helu redstart mai ka makahiki 1980. Ma kahi o ka luku mau ʻia i nā wahi kanu, nā kumu nui i nā loli nui loa o nā wahi hoʻoilo manu i loko o ʻApelika, e like me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides + insecticides a me ka hoʻomau koʻikoʻi o ka Sahel.
ʻO ka mea e hoihoi ai: nā kime o ʻEulopa i kuhi ʻia i ʻehā a ʻeiwa mau kime huina. ʻOiai ke emi nei o kekahi mau wahi (ʻEnelani, Palani) ma ka laulā, i hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka redstart ma ʻEulopa. Ma kēia kīhāpai, ʻaʻole helu ʻia nā ʻano pili like ka hope e ʻike ʻole ʻia nā hana mālama mālama ʻia.
E pōmaikaʻi kēia holoholona ʻike i ka mālama ʻana i ka nāhele lāʻau kahiko, deciduous a me nā lāʻau like ʻole i nā kūloko o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma ka pae kūloko, i kahi hale kūpono, e pōmaikaʻi ka lehulehu i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā wahi e pili ana i ka ulu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e mālama i nā māla kūlohelohe me nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a me nā wahi me nā mea ulu maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia kēia mau ala ma o nā hana agroecological. Eia kekahi, pono e kanu ʻia nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka pā nahele i ka wā kanu e mālama ai i nā kīhāpai kūpono.
ʻOihana kikowaena he pālahalaha nui a o ka hopena o kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka paʻu paepae no nā ʻano palupalu e like me ke ʻano ʻana o ka nui o ka pae. Ua ʻike nui ʻia ka nui o kēia mau manu i ka hopena o ke Kaua Honua II i nā kūlanakauhale i luku ʻia. ʻO ke pio o nā kānaka i kēia manawa ua hoʻopau ʻia nā manawa hope ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā wahi i kūkulu ʻia a me nā wahi e noho ai.
"Ka manu" twinkle "
ʻO ka Redstart maʻamau ka mea maʻamau o kēia mau manu. Kāhea ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano redstart ulaula a hina poʻo-poʻo (coot) paha. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ma ka ululāʻau o nā ʻāina o Eurasia, a me kekahi ʻaoʻao ʻākau komohana o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika.
Hāpai nā manuʻai i loko o ka meaʻai, akā i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo lākou e ʻai nui ai nā hua o ka nui o ke kūlohelohe ʻana a kanu ʻia nā mea kanu.
Hoʻokomo nā wahine i nā lua a i lalo a i ke kiʻekiʻe o ʻewalu mau mika. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu, nā lau, nā kumulā e hana me he mea kūkulu hale. Koho nā wahi ʻokoʻa no ka masonry e hiki mai ana: mai kahi papa lāʻau i loko o kahi lāʻau lāʻau i nā niches i ke kumu a i ʻole nā paia o nā hale kanaka.
ʻUlaʻulaʻula a me Siberian
I nā wahi kuahiwi, maʻamau nā redstart red-bellied. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma nā kuahiwi o ʻAsia ʻAmelika, ʻo Caucasus, Baikal. Hoʻokomo nā Ornithologists i nā Himalaya, Afghanistan, a me Kina i ko lākou wahi. Noho kekahi o nā manu Alpine ma Altai.
Ua loaʻa i ko lākou inoa ma muli o ka ʻano ʻano ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻōpū. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohanohano ka mea ʻokoʻa o ka hīmeni ʻana. ʻOiai mai nā kāne i ka wā moe, ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻoe i lohe i ka nui o nā loika. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i nā nahele a me nā waikahe wai o nā kahawai, aia kahi nui o nā pua me nā hua o ka buckthorn kai, no ka mea kēia ke kumu o kā lākou meaʻai.
ʻO Siberian redstart ka mea maʻamau i ka nahele o Mongolia, Kina, a me ka Russian Federation. Noho pinepine kekahi noho i nā mahiʻai a me nā hale o nā kānaka. Hoʻokumu lākou i kā lākou mau ʻuʻuku mai ka kuda a me nā mea kanu i nā ʻalā pōhaku, nā ʻōpala o nā pōhaku. A i ʻole lākou e mask i kahi no ka waiho ʻana i ka hua i nā aʻa o nā lāʻau. I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe lākou i nā wahi me ke anuanu o ke anu.
ʻEleʻele manu
He ʻokoʻa ʻē nā Chernushka redstart mai nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻanoʻano me ka parumokuʻeleʻele. I nā lei lālā o nā lāʻau e ʻike ʻia e nā hulu ʻulaʻula o ka huelo. Hāʻawi ʻia ma Eurasia a me ʻAmelika Komohana, ʻo ka mea nui i nā mauna kuahiwi.
Hoʻohui like lākou i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā manu liʻiliʻi, akā he liʻiliʻi lākou a ʻoi aku ka nani. I ko lākou lele ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke kau i loko o ka lewa, ʻo ia ka mea e like me ka hummingbirds. ʻAi lākou i ka iniseti, larvae a me nā hua.
ʻIke ʻia ka pūnohu manuahi me kahi ipu nui me ka pā hohonu. Hoʻokumu nā wahine iā ia mai nā kumu lōʻihi a me nā lau mauʻu. E hoʻopau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka panina, nā lichens, nā hulu, a me ka lalo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā hulu hulu.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻike hoihoi e pili ana i nā "kukui wing"
ʻO ka poʻe Ornithologists a me nā mea kūlohelohe he nui i hōʻiliʻili i kēia manu. Eia he mau ʻike cognitive.
Ua lilo ka Twinkle Bird i mea kaulana o nā moʻolelo a me nā moʻolelo. Ua haʻi kekahi o lākou pehea i hiki ai i kahi redstart ke hoʻopakele i nā poʻe mai ka pōloli a me ke anuanu.
ʻO nā ʻōhua o nā ʻano o ka redstart maʻamau i kapa ʻia he coot ma muli o ke keʻokeʻo o ka hulu o ka hulu ma ka lae. E pale aku i ke kiʻi o nā kala kukui o ka ʻōpū a me ke kūpeʻe, e kū ana ke poʻo kahi poʻo ma ke poʻo o ka manu.
I ka 2015, ʻo ka redstart ka manu o ka makahiki ma ka Russian Federation, a ʻehā mau makahiki ma mua o Switzerland.
Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ʻo Redstart e kekahi o nā ʻelele hoihoi loa i ke kauoha a Passeriformes.Mahalo i nā plumage hāneʻe a me ka huluhulu olakino i loko o ka moʻomeheu, ua lilo lākou i hōʻailona o ka mahanahana a me ka manaolana no ka mea maikaʻi. Hoʻopau nā manu i nā mea kanu o ka huaʻai, e kōkua ana i ka poʻe mahiʻai e mālama i nā huaʻai.
E kōkua nui ʻoe iā mākou inā e haʻi aku i kahi ʻatikala ma nā launa pūnaewele a like. Mahalo iā ia.
E kāhea i kā mākou kahawai.
E heluhelu hou aku i nā moʻolelo hou ma Bird House.
Hoʻoilina, ʻano noho
ʻO Redstart maʻamau e pili ana i nā manu migratory o ka manu: hoʻopau ʻia ʻo ia i ke kauwela ma Eurasia, a lele iā i ʻAmelika a i kahi Kūhi Arabia paha no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka maʻamau, ka hūnā lūlū o kēia ʻano, e pili ana i ka ʻāpana o kahi e noho ai kēia mau manu, hoʻomaka i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ka hapa mua o ka ʻūhā a hāʻule i ka waena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa. E hoʻi hou aku ana ʻo Redstart i ko lākou ʻāina i ka lā o ʻApelila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne i kekahi mau lā ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO kēia mau manu keu e hānai nui ʻia i nā ululāʻau o nā kumulāʻau, akā inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, hana kā lākou hana i nā nū ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe: a me nā puʻu, a me nā mea puʻupuʻu a me nā huaʻala, a me ka wīwī i nā lālā lāʻau.
He hoihoi! ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Redstart i ka makemake i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnana: hiki i kēia mau manu ke kūkulu iā ia i ka pae ʻāina a kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāpana a i ʻole nā lālā lāʻau.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻo ka wahine hoʻokahi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana: hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ia mai nā ʻano mea like ʻole, ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau, nā kumulāʻau o nā mea laʻu, nā lau, nā ʻōpala, nā pono a me nā hulu manu.
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Redstart no kā lākou hīmeni ʻana, e hoʻokumu ʻia ana i nā ʻano kī he nui, e like me nā kani e hana ʻia e nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe, e like me ka finch, starling, flycatcher.
Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā moʻomeheu pelekane ma kēia ʻano: he ʻokoʻa nā kāne i nā wahine ʻokoʻa. E like me ka mea, ʻoi aku ka mahalo i nā kāne me kā lākou hoʻohālikelike i ka hina-ʻulaʻula a i ke kala ʻulaʻula paha a ka manu i loaʻa ai i kona inoa, ʻoiai nā ʻano wahine like ʻole o ka redstart i pena ʻia i loko: i nā aniani brownish o kēlā mau māmā a me ka ikaika. Aia wale nō kekahi o nā ʻano ʻano ʻaneʻane nā wahine like me nā kāne kāne.
He hoihoi! ʻAʻole hiki i nā wahine ke kaena aku i kēlā mau kukui kilokilo: ma luna he hina hina, a ʻo ka ʻōpū a me ka huelo wale nō ke kua, ʻulaʻula.
No laila, i kahi kāne redstart maʻamau, he kūpaʻa ʻeleʻele a ke kua a me ke poʻo, ua pihi ka ʻōpū i loko o kahi aniani-ʻulaʻula, a ʻo ka huelo i loko o kahi aniani koʻikoʻi, me ka hiʻona, mai kahi mamao aku ke ahi e like me ka lapalapa ʻana. Ua hoʻonani ʻia ka mua o ka manu me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a ʻeleʻele a me ke ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī i nā ʻaoʻao. ^ E Ha yM. Mahalo i kēia ʻahohui hui like ʻana o nā kala, ʻike ʻokoʻa ka male kāne ʻo Redstart, ʻoiai ka nui o kēia mau manu.
Nā ʻano ʻulaʻula
Aia ma kahi o 14 mau ʻāpana o redstart:
- ʻO Alashan Redstart
- ʻOihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa
- Redstart ʻulaʻula
- ʻUlaʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula
- ʻO Redstart maʻamau
- Hoʻohālikelike papahele
- Keʻula ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo
- ʻStlelo Rediber
- Redstart keʻokeʻo-ʻāpana
- Redstart Kaukaʻewa
- ʻO Redstart i ka ʻulaʻula alo
- ʻOy Redstart
- Luakini Waiwai Waiwai
- Redstart keʻokeʻo-capped
Eia kekahi ma luna o nā mea i kau inoa ʻia ma luna nei, aia i kēia manawa kekahi mau pua o redstart, e noho nei ma ke kahua o kā Hongalē i kēia wā i ka wā Pliocene.
ʻO Habitat, noho
Hoʻopili ʻia ka papa hana redstart ma loko o ʻEulopa a, inā paha ʻo Russia. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaka ia mai Great Britain a hiki i Transbaikalia a me Yakutia. Noho kēia mau manu ma Asia - ʻoiai ma Kina a i nā kahawai o ka Himalaya. Noho kekahi o nā redstart i ke kūkulu hema - a hiki i India a meʻEulopa, a ua loaʻa nā ʻano he nui ma ʻApelika.
ʻOi aku ka nui o redstart e noho ma ka ulu lāʻau, inā he huhū ākea a i ʻole ʻeleʻele subtropical ululāʻau: ʻelua ʻ maʻamau a me ka mauna. Akā, ʻaʻole makemake kēia mau manu iā lākou e pale aku iā lākou. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka redstart ma nā kihi o ka nahele, i nā kīhāpai i haʻalele ʻia a me nā paka, a me nā ala lāʻau ma kahi e nui ai nā ahu. Ma laila o kēia mau manu liʻiliʻi e makemake e ola: ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole i paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi puana kūlohelohe no ka hele ʻana mai i ka pilikia, a me nā lako no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana.
Ke Aliʻi Kaohiʻo
He manu ka nui o Redstart. Akā i ka hāʻule, eʻai pinepine ai i nā meaʻai mea kanu: nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka nahele a i ʻole nā hua ʻai, e like me ka maʻamau a ma ke ʻano hoʻi, nā currants, elderberries.
He hoihoi! ʻAʻole hōʻole ʻia ka redstart i nā iniseti a ma luna o ke kauwela ua hoʻopau i kahi nui o nā pōpoki, e like me nā kukuna nutcracker, nā pulu manu, nā papa moe, nā palela, nā namu a me nā mea lele. Eia naʻe, nā mea inikua maikaʻi e like me, no ka laʻana, nā ʻūpī a i nā ʻai paha e hiki ke lilo i mea no kēia manu.
Eia naʻe, lawe mai ka redstart i nā pōmaikaʻi nui, luku ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole a me nā mea kanu manu. I ka hoʻopio ʻia, mālama pinepine ʻia kēia mau manu i nā mea inikua ola a me nā meaʻai kūlohelohe kūikawā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau
Hoʻokomo ka ʻohana Redstart i nā ʻano manu he 13, ka hapanui o lākou e noho ana ma Kina, ma nā wahi ulu o nā Himalaya, ma ka pāpū ʻEulopa, ʻo ia ka māhele waena o Siberia, ma kahi hapa o Asia.
E pili ana ʻo Redstart i kēlā mau manu manu, i koho i nā wahi e noho ai a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lāʻau, a i ʻole nā wahi mauna. O kahi laʻana, halekula maʻamauʻo kāna inoa ʻelua ka inoa ʻo ia ka mea kuʻuna maʻa o nā ʻāpana Pākehā. A ʻo ka nahele ʻo Siberian taiga a hiki i nā wahi ʻākau e noho ana ʻulaʻulaʻOlua Siberian.
Redstart, kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ka māla a i ʻole ʻulaʻula - he manu lele mai ka ʻohana o nā mea e hana ai i nā mea lele, kahi mākaʻu manu. Kapa ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā manu maikaʻi loa e noho ana i loko o nā paka, nā māla, nā ʻāpana.
ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino o ka manu nīnika ʻole ma mua o 20 g, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino me ka huelo he 15 cm, ua loaʻa nā ʻēheu me ka hoʻolaha ākea he 25 cm.
I ke kiʻi, redstart
He paʻakikī ke nānā ʻole i kēlā nani a hiki i kahi mamao loa, a ʻo kēia, ʻoiai ka nui o ka pichuga ʻaʻole i nunui ka nui o ka manu. Ke lele nei mai ka lālā i ka lālā, hōʻike pinepine ka redstart i kona huelo, a me he mea lā i ka lā, ua aniani e like me kahi kukuna uila.
E like me nā manu he nui, e kū ana ke kāne no kahi kala he nui aʻe o ka plumage. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻulaʻula me nā maka ʻeleʻele.
Paʻi ʻia ka wahine ma ka leʻa o ke kala ʻolō me kahi kiko o ka hina, a ʻulaʻula loa ka hapa lalo a a me ka huelo. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nā mea āpau o ka redstart ma ka huelo he mau ʻūpoko ʻeleʻele. He hōʻailona kūʻokoʻa kēia. ʻulaʻula a me kā mākou mea ukana - ʻo Siberian.
Hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo redhart kiʻi ʻoniʻoni
Ma ke ala, hea aku nā mea ʻonithologists i ka nui loa o nā mea nui i hōʻike ʻia. ulaula ulaula. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kāne, ʻo ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka pena ma mua o ka wahine.
He lei kona a me ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻēheu ke keokeo, ke kua, he kapa hope i ka ʻala, ke ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele, a me kahi lāʻī, sternum, ʻōpū a me kahi ʻāpana o ka plumage ma luna o ka huelo i ʻāpala ʻia me ka maka o ka ʻū. Ma kēiaʻano o ka redstart, hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo pono i ka gamut piha o ka kala plumage.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
ʻOiai ʻo ka manu Siberia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau o nā ulula taiga, kaohi ia i ka pāpale coniferous coniferous dense. ʻO ka hapa nui, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka nahele, i nā wahi i waiho ai a me nā māla, ma nā wahi, kahi i nui ai nā ʻōpū. E like me ka mea maʻamau, makemake ka manu e noho i nā hawewe kūlohelohe e pili ana i kahi noho kanaka.
Pane ʻo Siberian Redstart
Mele a Redstart kūpono i nā loiloi maikaʻi loa. ʻO kāna mau ʻūpā he mele mele ia o ke kī kīwī, he nani, ʻokoʻa, ʻano like, chanted. Hoʻomaka ka leo i kahi keiki-nui - a "a laila hele i kahi ʻōhua holchir-chir-chir" e holo ana.
E hoʻolohe i ka mele o ka redstart
ʻO ka mahalo, i ka hīmeni ʻana o ka redstart, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i ke kani o nā ʻano manu he nui. No ka mea, he lohe hoʻoliʻiliʻi ke lohe i ka leo mele o kahi hōʻaʻo, zaryanki, aʻo nā kānaka ʻē aʻe e ʻike ka loiloi me ke mele o kahi tit, finch, pied flycatcher.
Redstart aloha e hīmeni i ka wā āpau a hiki i ke pō ka piha ʻana o ka taiga i nā kahe leo mālie o kēia mau mea kupanaha o ke ʻano. ʻO kekahi mea hou e pili ana i nā mele a ka Redstart: ʻike ornithologists ʻo ke kāne ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moena, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kumu nui, e hoʻopuka i kahi pōkole pōkole pōkole, ka mea i kapa ʻia he mele.
No laila, ʻo kēia loiloi he laina leo ʻono piha i piha i nā leo o nā ʻano manu ʻole, a ʻo ka ʻokikua ke hoʻokani, ʻoi aku ka naʻau o kāna mele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana.
ʻO Ka Hoʻomaʻo Redstart
ʻO kaʻai o ka redstart e hilinaʻi nui i ka noho. Mālama nui ia i nā iniseti. ʻAʻohe ona huna iā ia i nā ʻano a pau o nā inisini, a huki ʻo ia iā lākou ma ka ʻāina, a hemo mai nā lālā, a ʻimi i nā lau hāʻule.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻāʻī, hele a nui ka ʻai o ka redstart, a hiki iā lākou ke mākaʻū i nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu huaʻai, e like me ka lehu ahi maʻamau, viburnum, currant, elderberry, aronia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ke pau nei ka hānai, ʻo ia ka mea pinepine i ka waena waena o ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, hōʻuluʻulu ka redstart no ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi mahana, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā ʻāina o ʻAmelika wela. ʻO ka lele o kēia mau manu hihiu e lawe ʻia i ka pō.
Hoʻi hou ʻo Redstart i ko lākou wahi i kū mua aʻe ma mua o ka hāwē ʻana o nā pua. I ka manawa e hele aku ai ka manu i nā wahi hoʻomake, hoʻomaka koke ke kāne e ʻimi i ke kula no ka nano. E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma mua, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻanuʻu manu i nā hollows o kahi ʻano maoli a maoli paha.
ʻO nā ʻaleka Woodpecker ka wahi kūpono kūpono loa i ka pili, akā, ʻo ka ʻeke o ke kumu, kahi ona i waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka lepo, kūpono i kēia. ʻAʻole hopohopo nā Pichugs e noho ma kahi o kekahi kanaka, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia kā lākou mau hiu ma hope o nā hāmeʻa, ma hope o nā puka makani a me nā wahi e noho maluhia ana i nā hale e noho ai ka poʻe.
ʻO ke kāne, ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka wahine, e mālama pono i kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia a e hoʻokuke aku i nā poʻe hulu manu poʻomanaʻo mai iā ia.