ʻO nā ʻona home a me nā holoholona hihiu kekahi no ka Fazanovs. ʻO ke kauoha he ʻano moa, he 4 mau ʻano o nā ʻalā hihiu: nā māka kālā, Ceylon, hina, hina. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau koe wale ʻo Antarctica. ʻO kēia mau hoahānau pili kūpono o nā pheasants, ʻaʻole he mea kupanaha, hāʻawi i ko lākou mana e mare.

ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano like a me nā ʻano o nā pheasants e nā moa ʻo kā lākou "ponoʻī".

• He mau hulu a hulu ʻulaʻula ʻo nā mea hoʻokipa.
• Hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻailona ma ke kau ʻana i nā hens a me nā roosters.
• Hoʻohālike ka pili ʻana i ka moe.
• ʻO nā kani a nā manu i ʻae ʻia.

ʻO kēia ʻano like ma waena o nā pheasants a me nā moa i alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā pilida, a naʻe naʻe hiki ʻole ke hoʻopuʻi. ʻOkoʻa ka genome.

Ma kahi kikoʻī! Ua kapa ʻia nō hoʻi nā wilds wilds i ka nahele no ko lākou aloha aloha i nā kumu ʻauwai.

Loaʻa ka moa kūlohelohe i ka kūloko ma Asia Hema, Indonesia, a me Filipina. ʻOiai ke aloha o nā ulu lāʻau, hiki i kā lākou biotope ke kapa ʻia i ka male ʻia. Noho ka manu ma kahi e loaʻa ai nā meaʻai ka mea: i nā mau nahele, nā lāʻau, nā nahele.

ʻO ka kūpuna noho maoli o nā ʻano mea e noho ana ma ko mākou mau kauhale ka ʻohana ʻoihana Hoʻōlepa. Ua hiki mai nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia hopena no ka mea like lākou i ka ʻano a me ke ʻano. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hua i hiki ke hānau. Hoʻopau pinepine kēia mau ʻike e hōʻoia i ke kumu. Akā ʻike ʻia nā ʻano maʻa manuahi i kēia mau ʻōuli. Ua alakaʻi kēia ʻoi i ka hypothesis ua lawe ʻia ka domestication o ka moa i kumu o kekahi mau ʻano. No laila ʻo ka inoa pololei o ke ʻano o ke kūpuna he nīnau paʻa.

ʻAʻohe! Ua hana mua ʻia ka moa ma mua o 8,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, a mai ia manawa ua hoʻoholo wikiwiki lākou i nā loina moa ma Asia, ʻAulopa a me ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e noho i ʻAmelika a me Ausetalia ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana o ka poʻe ʻEulopa i kēia mau konana.

ʻOiai ke hiki i nā ʻehā kūloko e hāʻawi i nā hua mai ka nahele, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nā manu mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā ʻokoʻa i loko o ka nui o nā piliona o ka Pākīpika a Hema. Kū lākou mai ka moa mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaopopo ia i ka hypothesis o ka domestication mai nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻ saylelo ʻepekema nei nā ʻōuli lua kahi i ulu ai nā hens home i ka nahelehele pua.

Aia kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe o ka manu o ka manu mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole: ka ʻuʻuku i ka noho kaʻawale. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻatikala e kekahi mau ʻepekema i ʻoi aku ka pololei. Hōʻike lākou: e hōʻoia i ka hōkū ʻē aʻe nā ʻano moa like ʻole mai nā ʻano hihiu ʻē aʻe, kahi nui i ka genome ka nui. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hele ʻana a kūleʻa ʻaʻole hua, ʻaʻole ia e hele ʻia.

Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui nā poʻe ʻepekema i kahi e kapa ʻia ai ka moa hihiu i ke ʻano kūpuna o ka home. Aia wale a ka loiloi a me ka molekone e waiho ai i nā mea āpau ma kona wahi: ʻo ka progenitor ka moa moa.

Nā Waele Hulu: Nā Kino

ʻO nā moa manu ʻōpala he hoʻohālike o nā kūpuna o nā holoholona hana-kanaka i ola ʻoiai ʻo ke kanaka hoʻoikaika ʻana. No laila, ua luku hou nā kūpuna no ka pipi a me ka lio i ke Kaua Ekū. I kēia manawa ua pale ʻia nā moa ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka biosphere a hana i nā ʻano hou. I kēia manawa aia ma kahi o 700 subspecies, a ʻo ke ʻano nui he nui ma ʻEulopa.

Ma kahi kikoʻī! Me ke kōkua o nā moa moa, ʻaʻole nā ​​hiʻi wale nō i maikaʻi nā mea nānā mai ke kumu aku o ka ʻike, akā he nani nō hoʻi i kona helehelena.

ʻO nā ʻano āpau āpau o nā ʻano nāhelehe manuahi e hōʻike ʻia e ka dimorphism moe ʻokoʻa: kahi ʻokoʻa nui o ka helehelena a me nā ʻano o nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO ka hana o ka hope ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hua a mālama aku i ka hua, ke kāne mālama i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kaua no nā wahine a pale i ka harem mai nā hana ʻino. Ma muli o ke kala aniani a me ka hewa o ka roosters, make nui lākou i ka make mau ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hens. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo i kahi pākaʻi ma luna o lākou iho.

Pūlāka kālā

Hāʻawi ʻia nā mea kū i ke kino ikaika, akā kau palena lākou i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā moa moa home. Holo lākou e like me ka ʻino. Akā, he paʻakikī paʻakikī nā hens banker, e hiki ai iā lākou ke noho i kahi ʻāina me ka leʻaleʻa. O ka paona o ke kane kaio i oi aku i ke kiloli, a o ka wahine aole nae i oi aku mamua o 700 g. O kela lahui liilii ia e like me ke ala o ke ola. Inā pono ʻoe e holo lele ʻole mai nā mea kahakaha a e nānā i kahi mea e ʻoliʻoli ai, e hele wale ka mau kalona e lākou iho.

ʻAi nā pēpē i nā mea a pau a lākou i loaʻa ai ma ka nahelehele: nā hua kanu, nā ʻanuʻu, nā ʻōpū, nā mollusks, nā hua a me nā mea kanu. Nā manu kani ma ka ʻāina, e like me ka hapa nui o nā moa.

Ma kahi kikoʻī! Lohi iki ka leʻa ʻana o ka moa kālā ma muli o nā kūlana ʻilihune.

Ke ola nei nā holoholona ma muli o ka hiki ke hūnā a holo wikiwiki. A aloha aloha i ke kōkua o nā ʻohana a me ka palekana o ka moa, ʻike lākou i mua o ka pilikia.

ʻO ka mōʻī Breed

Mai ka nui o nā ʻāpana palankō o Bankivsky, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau manu he nahele. ʻOiai ke ʻano like me nā pheasants, ʻaʻole lākou i pili i nā ʻano like like.

No ka manawa mua, ua hūlū ʻia nā holoholona hihiu ma ka hema o Asia ma kahi o 8 tausani mau makahiki i hala. A ma hope iki iho lākou i hoʻomaka ai e hoʻokuʻi ma India. I ka mua, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻulu lawer no ka hakakā ʻana no ka hoʻouka ʻana, no ka mea ʻoi ʻia kēia mau ʻano hakakā maikaʻi. Noho wale nō nā manu a manu ʻole, manuahi e noho ana i ka hema o Asia.

ʻO nā moa pēke kālā e like like me nā ʻohana ʻohana. ʻO ia ke kumu i manaʻoʻiʻo Charles Darwin, ʻo lākou ka mea nāna i ʻike i ka pono kahiko. Haumaha ʻia lākou, hoʻopā ʻia, loaʻa nā ʻano lāʻau hou, nā lako.

ʻAno a me keʻano

ʻAʻole nunui ka pēpē Bankivsky i ka nui. ʻO ka paona o ka ʻīlio maʻa ʻaʻole i hoʻonui i ka 1,2 kg, a ʻoi aku ka paona o ka moa ma kahi o 600 g. ʻO ka ʻāʻī, ke kua a me nā ʻēheu i uhi ʻia me ka ulaula-ʻulaʻula a me ke kala. Paipai ʻia ka ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻōpū. He uliuli ulaula ka lōʻihi ka hulu ʻili manu, me ka pua metallic. Hoʻokomo ʻia ke poʻo liʻiliʻi o kahi kūpeʻe i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ʻulaʻula a i kahi kui aniani. Ua hoʻolako ʻia nā wāwae ikaika me ka pūliki pepeiao. ʻEhā nā manamana lima ʻehā, ʻo kekahi o ia mea i huli i hope.

ʻAʻole ʻano wahine like like ʻole ka wahine i ke kāne. Ua uumi kona poohao, a ua uhiia kona kino me ka plumage brown. Neck - me nā pōkole pōkole pōkole me kahi papa melemele. Hana kēia i ke kala paʻakikī. Hāʻawi ia i ka hen brood e hele a ʻike ʻole a noho i keiki.

Noho nā moa nui i loko o nā hui liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka 3 hens a me 1 ka moa. Noho kēlā me kēia ʻohana ma kahi palena i wehewehe ʻia, i hōʻoia ʻia e ke kāne ma mua o ke koena o ka pa. ʻO nā pēpē ʻōpio he 4 mau keiki ka ola ma o lākou iho. Hoʻokumu lākou i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi o 2-3 pākahi, kahi lākou i kūkulu ai i kahi hierarchy ma waena o lākou iho.

ʻOkoʻa nā Bankivsky hens mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ke ʻano hakakā. ʻO kekahi beak, nā wāwae ikaika me nā spurs ka mea nui i kūʻē i ka ʻenemi. Hoʻokele nā ​​kāne pākeke no ka ʻāina, alakaʻi, ka manaʻo o nā wahine. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā lāʻau ketikena, akā hele lākou i loko o kahi hakakā inā e weliweli ka hua a kā lākou hua.

ʻAno paʻakikī i kekahi mau poʻe roost e hele i kekahi ʻāina. ʻOiai me kahi wahi nui, hiki i nā hakakā. Inā hōʻeha kekahi manu, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā koena. Ke ʻike nei i ke koko, e pepehi nā ʻohana i ka make hulu. ʻAʻole hiki i ka manu hoʻihoʻi ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia - ʻaʻole nā ​​hipa e ʻono i ka "hou".

I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike pono a me nā mākaukau, mālama ʻana i nā heihei Bankivsky ʻaʻole paʻakikī. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia o nā lehelehe manuahi ka nui o ka lewa.

Ka hale lāʻau

Pono hoʻokahi manu i kahi nona ʻo 2-4 kūkā mika no ka nohona ʻoluʻolu. m square. I ka hoʻoholoʻana i ka nui o ka aviary, pono kēia mea i mālama ʻia. Ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi, e hele wale nā ​​pākeke inā he hoʻokahi kāne i ka hui. ʻAʻole lele lele nā ​​manu ma luna o ka hale, ua kūkulu ʻia i loko o loko, ʻauhau 4-5 mau loa: Mai ka hemo paha ka neʻe o kēia mau manu i ka wā holo, ʻaʻohe pono o nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka heihei moa.

Inā hiki ʻole ke kūkulu i kahi aviary ākea no nā manu, e ʻoki i nā hulu. I ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe, hoʻopau nā moa i ka pō i nā lāʻau. Ke hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi e hoʻomaha ai nā manu, pono ia e ʻike i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka koho maikaʻi he lāʻau maloʻo a ola paha paha i ka aviary. Hiki i nā manu hihiu ke hoʻohana i nā manu maʻamau no nā moa moa, akā e lōʻihi kēia.

ʻO ka ʻāina i loko o Bankivsky hens ka tropics i kahi wela a me ka umauma. Ke kūkulu nei i kahi hale no kēlā mau manu, pono lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻano like. Inā wela wela ke kauwela, a laila e hoʻopiha i ka aviary, hoʻonohonoho i nā wahi lulu me ka loko liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole lākou e hohonu i ka hohonu, inā ʻaʻole hiki nā pua ke hāʻule. Hiki iā ia kahi pahu me kahi ʻaoʻao 10 cm kiʻekiʻe a 5 cm hohonu.hulu hulu hulu, kahi puaa hāmama, a me ka hanu nui e hōʻike ai i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana o nā manu.

I nā mahina hoʻoilo, pono e hāʻawi i nā manu i ka mahana. ʻO ka mahana 25-30 ° C e hōʻoluʻolu no lākou. Pono ka hale i pani ʻia, e mālamalama, a maloʻo. Pono nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua uhi ʻia ka papahele me ke one kahelele, ka ʻala maikaʻi, ka mauʻu.

Ke Bankivsky hens molt, hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā hulu āpau, holoʻokoʻa loa. Akā ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka plumage hou, pono e maloʻo a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ka hale.

ʻAno hānau

No ka ulu manuahi maikaʻi ʻana, pono nā kahu moa e hoʻokumu i nā kūlana e pono ai. Pono e hoʻomehana a make ka lumi me nā manu. Hāʻawi i nā hens i ka maluhia. ʻO kahi mahina ma mua o ka waiho ʻana o nā hua manu, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā hens i kekahi meaʻai kūikawā - ua hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā huaora, a hoʻohui ʻia ka pūlehu lepo i ka hānai.

Hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻohālikelike o nā moa moa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wai. I ka pipi mua, pani ka wahine i 4-5 hua. I ke kākuhi lua, e hoʻomaka ana 3 mau mahina ma hope o ka mua, ka helu ʻana o kā lākou helu a hiki i ka 11 pcs. Hōʻike nā ʻōpio pinepine i ka waiho ʻana i nā heihei i kahi helu keu. Ua wehewehe lākou i kēia ma ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka moa moa e hoʻopiʻi iā lākou.

Noho ka makuahine hine ma luna o nā hua no 18 mau lā, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hānau moa. Hoʻokomo nā pua pipi i ka lā 18-19; mau nāwaliwali palupalu i ka lā 20-21. He heihei me kāna pīhoihoi e pale i ka ʻū a me ka hanu. Loaʻa i ka ʻenehana hou, noho mau ia i loko o kahi 5 mau hola, ma hope o ka puka i waho.

Hiki i kahi paona ke ʻā iā ia iho e kōkua i nā moa palupalu i hānau ʻia. Pau ka maloʻo, lilo kūʻokoʻa ka mea hou o ke keiki - e ʻai ka moa a neʻe pono iā ia iho.

Kūʻai ʻia nā mākela kālā i kapa ʻia he ʻano lehi. He punahele lākou i waena o nā ʻiliʻili a me nā mea hoʻouluulu e mākaukau. He mea koʻikoʻi nā manu o kēia ʻano ʻano no ka hoʻoulu. Ke kōkua nei kā lākou hōʻola ʻana a me ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

E hoʻolohe i ka leo o nā māka pēpē

Hoʻokahi ʻohana moa nā ʻohana o hoʻokahi kāne a me nā wahine. ʻAno ke kaohi ʻana o ke kāne i kona ʻāina a i ka manawa i kū ʻia mai ai ka moa o kahi mea ʻē aʻe, kahi kōku koko hiki ke loaʻa i ka harem moa. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e moe ai, ua pili nā pilina ma waena o nā male male, ua hakakā nā hakakā me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻohiwahiwa a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā kāne - spurs spurs - hoʻohana ʻia. Loaʻa kēlā mau mea i kūkulu ʻia i nā loiloi manuahi, akā i ka wā e hoʻoiho ai iā lākou, hiki i nā manu ke hōʻeha i nā hōʻeha kino i nā hui e pili ana. Aia ka make o ka moa, waiho ka wahine i nā hua ma kahi lua ma lalo o kahi ulu lāʻau. ʻO ka helu o ka hua keʻokeʻo he 5-9.

ʻO ka Banking Rooster ke kūpuna maoli o nā moa moa āpau.

Hoʻokomo wale ʻo Chicks i hoʻokahi makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai nā kūlana maikaʻi o ka nohona kūlohelohe. Holo koke nā ʻīliki puff, loaʻa nā wāwae ikaika, a ma ka lā aʻe ma hope o ka hānau ʻana ua mākaukau lākou e hahai i ka moa. Mālama ka pale polū o ka plumage i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā ʻenemi, a i nā pale palekana o ka makuahine e pale aku iā lākou mai ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e nā poʻe alakaʻi. ʻO nā huaʻai he mea ʻai ʻono na nā holoholona he nui, ua hoʻouka ʻia lākou e nā manu nui o nā ʻaina, nāhelehele, nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e hānai iā lākou. I waena o nā ʻenemi o ka moa hihiu e pili ana i nā kānaka.

ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o ka moa i ka moa i loko o ka moa, akā ke aloha mau nei ka poʻe ʻalua. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo mua e hoʻohala i kahi ʻoihana hipa lawaiʻa manuahi i pili ʻole me ka ʻiʻo moa, akā me ka hiki i ka roosters e hoʻonohonoho i nā hoʻokūkū ma kahi o nā manu e hōʻike i nā akamai hakakā maoli. Ua hāpai mua ka poʻe i nā loina no ka hoʻouka kaua no ka hoʻouka kaua, a ma hope wale nō ka mea i hānai i ka ʻono o ka a me ka hua o kēia mau manu. Ma nā ʻāina o Asia Hema, ke kaua mau nei i ka moa.

He moa moa moa ka moa.

Hāpai ka hana hana me nā mea ulu hihiu i nā hopena kupaianaha, i huli nā manu i nā mea ʻolima palupalu a me nā hua manu i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻaʻole wale me nā ʻano hakakā wale nō, akā pū kekahi a me ka ʻiʻo - hua manu. Inā ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e pane i ka nīnau: ʻo nā manu ma ka honua ka nui? Hiki koke mai ka pane - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hens ka nui o ka ʻohana manu. Noho lākou ma nā wahi kahi i noho ai nā kānaka. Ma ka Papuan, Negro, nā kauhale kai ʻAmelika, e lawe mau i kēia mau manu i ka hua a hoʻolako i nā poʻe noho me ka ʻiʻo.

Pae manu (jungle banking).

Hāpai ka ʻai holoholona i nā kūlanakauhale nui a puni ka moa. I ka awelika, ua lawe nā moa moa i ka 126 - 200 hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi hoʻonohonoho manu manuahi i waiho ʻia i nā hua manu - 1515 hua ma 8 mau makahiki. ʻO ka moʻoaka o nā hens home - ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka moe moa i kahi moa manu e waiho i nā hua he nui. Ua hoʻokō kēia mau puaʻa i ia mau hopena. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka haneli o nā moa nā mea i ʻike ʻia, ʻo ko kēlā me kēia kaʻa. A ua hoʻomaka hoʻomaka ʻia me ka moa moa, a i ʻole he moa, he mea i huki ʻia e ke kanaka me kona makemake ʻole.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Pūloʻu manuahi

Hiki i ka moa kōleʻa i ka nani me kona nani. Kūleʻa maikaʻi nā ʻuala manu i ka manu, ʻoiai ke hiki ʻole ke lele maikaʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻololi ke kino i ka holo holo, a laila wale nō - a holo. Hāʻawi ka musculature i ka manu e hakakā me nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā mea kōhaʻaka. I ka laulā nui, ua like ke ʻano o nā kūlohelohe manuahi i kahi hale hale: ʻo ke poʻo liʻiliʻi, kahi ʻāpana nui a me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea ʻokoʻa nā wāwae. Ua hoʻohālikelike iki lākou i ka "hoahānau" home.

Ua kapa aku ka poʻe Pelekane i ka kahu momona pipi a ka mea hoʻolilo, ʻoiai ʻoi ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāhea ʻia he "manu ahi", hāʻawi i ke kala o kekahi mau wahi o kona kino. ʻO ka hemahema o kēia kala ka ʻoluʻolu o ka camouflage hiki. ʻAʻole pono ʻo ia i nā kukuna. Hāpai ʻia ma hope o nā mea kanu e pono ai no nā wahine e ʻoki i nā hua. ʻO ka hana o ka plumage ākea o nā roosters e huki i ka manaʻo o nā wahine a me nā kāne ʻē aʻe i mea e hakakā ai no kahi wahi i ka hierarchy.

ʻO ka kala kala ʻana i ka moa Ceylon hiki ke kapa ʻia i ke ahi.

• ʻUlaʻula ka poʻo nui.
• Ma ka kikowaena o ka pulu he pālahalaha ākea ākea.
• He ʻano ʻē kekahi mau hulu.

I ka manawa like, hiki i ka hiki ke camouflage Ceylon mau nahele puʻu nui loa ke kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ke kala ʻeleʻele o ke koena o ke kino.

ʻIke ka poʻe āpau e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā kāne no nā hoʻokūkū i kapa ʻia ʻo kokapu. Kahi kūpono kūleʻa kālā kālā no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lāhui pili aloha aloha. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana kūpono no nā kahu hipa home, no laila ʻaʻohe pono e hakakā i nā kumuwaiwai a me nā moa, hoʻopoina nā ʻano hakakā.

Kahiki moa

I ka nui o nā crosswords, hiki ke loaʻa i ka hana: "steppe moa, 5 mau leka." ʻO ka pane kūpono. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia manu manu, he mea like wale ia me nā mea ʻēheu wale. Akā mai kahi hiʻohiʻona biology, ʻo ka kokoke loa i ka crane.

Noho ka manu ma nā paepae a me nā wahi semi-wao o Eurasia. I kekahi mau manawa a nā lālā kū hoʻokahi o kēia ʻano i ʻike i ke ʻākau. Wahi a ka noho maʻamau, ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ka helehelena holoholona o ka holoholona.

Ma kahi kikoʻī! I loko o nā kapahū, ke alakaʻi nei ia i kahi olaʻilihune, inā e noho ana ia i ka ʻākau - nomadic, he mea kupanaha ʻole.

I nā kenekulia 19, makemake nui nā kāne i nā ʻalā manu. Ma muli o kēia, ua lilo a ʻano mea nui loa ia, ʻoiai ʻo ia e noho ai i nā ʻīhī.Ua make ʻo ia no ka loli ʻana o ka ʻāina a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini kīhāpai. Ma ka laulā, ke kumu nui i kākau ʻia ai kahi manu ma ka Puke Hoʻopiʻi a kanaka a me kāna mau hana.

ʻO wai ka manu e like me ka moa?

I ka huina, 250-263 ʻano pili nā moa i kā mākou honua, no laila ʻaʻole e holo nā mea āpau. Aia ka ʻahuna o ka heihei 5 mau ʻohana:

• Nā wāwae. Noho lākou i ʻAmelika Hema.
• Nā moa manu. Noho lākou ma Australia, Polynesia, Indonesia.
• Nā heihei lāʻau.
• Kahaumaha. ʻO nā ʻohana maʻamau i loaʻa i nā "hui kūlike" i nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua. E helu ana i nā ʻano 174, he 12 ka mea hiki ke loaʻa ma Rusia.
• Pūnaewele.

Ua like nā lālā o kēia mau ʻohana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole kekahi i kekahi. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pheasants e pili ana i kā mākou holoholona. ʻO kēia mau manu i like like me nā moa.

Kokoke ka moa ʻīlio me ka moa moa. ʻO ka wehe ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano ka nohona noho ʻana. Ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kūlana ola o nā manu ulu, no laila e ola lākou. Noho ʻo Pets ma ka paradaiso. ʻO kēia ka hopena nui ma waena o nā āpau. A like like a genetically, a me ka nui e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻopua i ka hua uluola.

Kāleka

No ka ʻohana āpau o ka pheasant, a no nā pōkē kūikawā, ʻano hoʻohālike a haʻi ʻia ka wahine dimorphism i ʻano. ʻIke nui ʻia nā ʻōpū o ka banker hens ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka momona.

Ka moa (ʻike kiʻi ma luna) e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi puaʻa nui - he puʻu ʻiʻo ma ke poʻo o ka ʻulaʻula, a he pālua o nā "pepeiao" nui, ma lalo o ka beak, a me nā pāpālina ʻōpiopio. I ka lōʻihi, hiki iā ia ke hiki i 75 cm, a ʻo ka wahine - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 46 cm.

He nani loa ke kala o ke kāne, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōwili a plumage, nani, hoʻomālamalama i ka lā. Ke poʻo a me ke kino o ka moa - ka ʻāʻī, ke kua i lalo, ʻāpana o ke kua a me ke kino lalo - i uhi ʻia i ka plumage ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.

ʻO ke kua nui a me ka umauma he ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻO ka huelo a me nā ʻēheu ka haʻaheo kūikawā o ka manu a me kona ʻalaʻula ʻia ka ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻālani ʻia i ka lā me ka lōlio pua ʻōpiopio. ʻO nā hulu o nā ʻēheu a ma hope hoʻi o nā hulu o ka huelo he nui, ākea a lōʻihi a nani hoʻi.

ʻO ke kala o ka plumage o nā wahine liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka monophonic, ʻeleʻele ka hulu, uhi i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻole i nā ʻona. Heʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi ka crest a me nā pepeiao.

ʻO kekahi wahi o ka mōʻaukala

Jungle (banker) moa i hoʻopulu mua ʻia ma Asia Hema. Ua hana ia ma kahi 6 tausani lita. SM. Ma kahi liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o 3 tausani lita. SM. ua hoʻolilo ʻia lākou ma India. Wahi a C. Darwin, ʻo ia ka mea i lilo i ka kūpuna o nā hapanui o nā ʻano holoholona pili aloha.

Nui nā ʻano hānai heniona i loaʻa i kēia mau lā i like like me ke ʻano me nā ʻalāhele ʻuluʻulu manuahi, akā o ka mea like ka ʻike like ʻole.

Na palapala kapu

Nāhelehele wao - ʻuslelo ʻana a i ʻole Junglefowl - hui pū i 4 i nā subspecies nui:

Kahupaole - Gallus Varaus (lat.) Or Green Junglefowl (eng.)

I ke kiʻi - kekahi o nā ʻano maikaʻi loa o nā hens hihiu - Green Forest

Kāleʻa Waihona Red - Gallus gallus (lat.) A i ʻole Red Junglefowl (English) i kā lākou mau like:

• ʻĀpio kikī - ʻĀpana galus murghi (lat.). Habitat - Bangladesh, Nepal, India.
• Burmese - Gallus gallus spadiceus (lat.). Habitat - Sumatra, Malaysia, Myanmar.
• Tokinsky - Gallus gallus jabouillei (lat.). Habitat - Kina (Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan) a me Vietnam.
• ʻO Indochinese - Gallus gallus gallus (lat.). Habitat - Thailand, Indochina.
• ʻO ka papa nui, ʻoi aku ka nui a me nā kekeʻe, ʻo Gallus gallus bankiva, e kū kaʻawale ana.

Ke noho maʻamau

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka lā, ke ʻele nā ​​manu ma ka ʻāina, ka ʻai, akā hoʻomaha a hoʻomaha lākou i ka pō wale nō i nā lāʻau.

Holo maikaʻi lākou i ka lele a holo wikiwiki loa. Hoʻoweliweli i ka pōʻino, lele koke lākou i luna i kahi lāʻau a holo paha, peʻe ma ka mākau. ʻO kā lākou huakaʻi e lele ana i nā ʻēheu e lele ana.

Ua like ka leo me ka home, akā ua nui aʻe (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahine) a me nā mea.

Ma ke kūlohelohe, noho nui nā moa hihiu ma loko o nā ʻāina me kahi anuanu wela. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine ka noho ʻana i loko o ka ulu lāʻau - kahehi a i ka nahele, i nā kuahiwi, a nui loa nā wahi ma nā pāpū. ʻOi aku lākou i nā nāhele nahele ākea, a me nā māla kanu, kahi a lākou e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai a hūnā mai nā ʻenemi. Hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i nā mauna, i kekahi manawa ke kiʻekiʻe o 2000 m.

Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻenemi o nā moa i aneane a kokoke i nā manu āpau a me nā manu nui nui o ka ʻai i noho ma ko lākou wahi noho.

I ke kūlohelohe, hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i 3-5 mau makahiki, ma muli o ke ʻano o nā meaʻai a me ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻenemi.

I kēia kiʻi - ka pākeke male Red Junglefowl Gallus galus murghi

Kūpono ma ka kūlohelohe

ʻO nā kāne pēpē'ōpio kāne i nā makahiki ʻelima he makua ua make. Kūleʻa nā pāhiki ma hope, ma o 7 mau mahina.

Eia naʻe, ke hoʻomaka nei ka moa leo i ka haremona wale nō ma o 12 mau malama o ke ola, e like me ka pākeke. Hiki i ka heni pani hānai i nā hua i kanu ʻia i nā mahina 10-11 mahina, a mālama i kēia mana no nā makahiki 3.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hana ulu i ka wā maloʻo, i ka lā Malaki-Mei. ʻO ka hana hoʻowahāwahā kāne no nā kāne, a mālama pono ʻo ia i kekahi mau hens i ka manawa like, i hōʻike ʻia i kona kāhiko nani, ʻano nani - plumage.

Hoʻohui ʻia lākou e ka polygamy. I ka wā hoʻomaha, hoʻokumu ka moa i kāna ʻohana liʻiliʻi o 3 a 5 mau moa moa, ʻo ka moe me lākou āpau no kēia wā hoʻoulu.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi kahu manu i loko o ka papaʻaina i ka lepo, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mauʻu a me nā lau. Holo ka hene mai ka 4 a hiki i 9 mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a hoʻopaʻa ʻia iā lākou iho (hoʻokahi). He moa moa i kēia manawa ka mea mālama i nā moa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ma vivo - 3 mau mea hōʻike i waiho ʻia.

Nā hiʻohiʻona

Mālama nā ʻoihana iā Roosters i nā hens brood, pale iā lākou a me kahi ʻohana moa. Ke kūleʻa nei nā moa ʻōpiopio, hiki i ka 4 mahina, i ka manawa a lākou e hoʻomaka ai e hana i kā lākou "mau'ōpiopio" holoholona, ​​kahi e hōʻike ai nā ʻōpio i ko lākou ʻano, e hakakā nei i nā ʻano a hoʻowai i nā wahine ʻōpio.

Loaʻa nā moa waihona kālā ma kahi ʻōnaehana hierarchical. Eia kekahi, kahi noho ka hierarchy i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no nā hens a me nā roosters.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā aloha, hoʻoholo ka moa i ka pālule, apono ʻia i mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana. Hoʻokahi wale nā ​​ʻāpana manu (3-5 mau ʻāpana) i kēia wahi.

Noho ka poʻe'ōpio ma kēia manawa ke kūʻokoʻa, kū hoʻokahi, i nā hipa o nā pipi 2-3. Puhi paha kekahi poʻe hipa o ka ʻōpio a 50 i hoʻokahi kanaka.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hens hihiu e ka hakakā ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona. Hōʻike ka poʻe'ōpiopio i ka hakakā i ka ikaika a me ka hiki ke pale aku i nā wahine mai nā ʻenemi, ma laila e huki ʻia ana ko lākou nānā iā lākou iho. Hiki i nā pākeke ke hakakā no ka'āpana, a i ke pio - no kahi o kahi alakaʻi.

ʻOi aku ka palehalelo, akā he kaua nō hoʻi ko lākou mau ʻano - hiki iā lākou ke hakakā me kekahi a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, e pale ai i nā moa.

I ka pio, hiki i kekahi mau roosters ke hele mai ma kahi paʻa wale nō inā inā he wahi ākea loa, akā ma kēia hihia, e kū mai nā hakakā.

I ke kaua, ua ikaika nā kūpeʻe. He puʻuhonua ikaika lākou, nā wāwae ikaika a me nā spurs, ʻo ia kā lākou "mea kaua" kaua i ke kaua. I ka pio, ua hakakā pinepine lākou "i ka make," a laila ʻokiʻoki i ka hoa kū mai ka ʻāina, a no laila pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.

Hoʻohālikelike nā moa waihona moʻo lāʻau me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Ua hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi lākou, a ʻo ko lākou mālama ʻana i ke pio ʻaʻole he kumu nui. Pono lākou i ka wahi, a no laila ʻo ka hoʻopuni ʻana no ka mālama nui ʻana.

ʻO ke kūpono, pono kahi manu hoʻokahi mai ka 2 a hiki i 4 sq.m. ka ʻāpana moa ka heihei, akā ma kahi liʻiliʻi i ulu maikaʻi lākou, e hāʻawi ai i hoʻokahi kāne i loko o ka ʻohana. ʻAʻole e hiki i nā wahi lawelawe heihei ke kaʻana i kahi āpana liʻiliʻi.

Ma ka lele pono nā hānai manu a banker, pono ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale, a hiki i 4-5 mita, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me kahi uhi paʻa.

Hiki ke waiho wale ʻia ka piko o kahi hoʻopuni inā hāʻawi ʻia nā mea hoʻonani me ka maluhia a ʻaʻole hoʻi e makaʻu. Pono kēia kiʻekiʻe no ka palekana, no ka mea, makemake lākou e like me ka pīpī, hilahila, a makaʻu hoʻi, lele koke lākou.

I ka lele, ua palaka lākou a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka ʻina - huli, a no laila e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole i nui nā mea i loko o ka heihei moa.

Noho ka moa a pau i ka pō ma luna o nā lāʻau, no laila he mau wahi kūikawā no ka ʻoliʻoli ma ka aviary. Hiki iā ia ke ola lāʻau nui, me nā lālā ikaika, e ulu pololei ana i ka aviary, aiʻole kahi lāʻau maloʻo paʻa.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolana i kahi perch maʻamau me nā crossbars, e like me nā hale maʻamau, akā e lilo nā mea mālama kālā i kēia hoʻolālā no ka manawa lōʻihi.

ʻO ka koho koho maikaʻi loa e hoʻohui pū i loko i ke kaʻo ʻana o ke kauwela, iʻike wale ʻole ai nā holoholona.

Ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike

ʻO nā manu honu i nā manu thermophilic, e noho ana i ke kūlohelohe i nā ʻāina o kahi aniani wela wela, a no laila e hoʻopiʻi ʻia e koi ana lākou i nā kūlana like.

I ke kauwela, ʻaʻohe mea e pono ai i ka lewa, akā inā wela ke anuanu, a laila e hoʻonohonoho pono nā wahi lulu i ka aviary.

Pono nō hoʻi e hana i kahi pā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi - waiho i kahi ipu me kahi ʻaoʻao o 10 cm a hiki ʻole i nā moa liʻiliʻi ke komo i loko a malulu. ʻAʻole pono ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka 5 - 7 cm.

ʻO nā hulu fluffy a me kahi beak ākea, ʻoi aku hoʻi me ka panting, nā hōʻailona no ka overheating.

I ka hoʻoilo

I ka hoʻoilo, pono lākou i ka ʻoluʻolu. Ma nā wahi me ka anu anu, ua mālama ʻia lākou i loko o ka hale, i ka wela a me ka maloʻo, akā me ka ea ʻole nui.

ʻO ka mahana kūpono o ka lumi i ka hoʻoilo ma loko o 25 °, akā ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 30 °. Pono kahi keʻena o ka hoʻoilo ma kahi mālamalama, a me kahi wahi i hoʻomaha ʻia. ʻOi ka nui (muliwai) one me ka ʻala, ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu i ninini ʻia i ka papahele o ka lumi.

I ka wā hana

Ma lalo o nā kūlana ola maikaʻi i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaka ka moa banker e hoʻolei i nā hua ma mua, ʻo ka maʻamau ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki, a me ka mālama pono a me ka hānai ʻana, ʻelua mau moa o ka moa i hānai ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki. Hoʻomaka ke kuʻi lua ma Iune.

ʻO kahi mahina ma mua o ka manawa o ka lawaiʻa, mai ka hoʻomaka o Pepeluali, pono ia e hāʻawi i ka mau huaora a me ka calcium, hoʻohui i ka ʻili lepo me nā minuke i ka hānai.

I ka wā o ka masonry a me ka hoʻolilima, pono nā kahu kālā i ka maluhia, ʻoluʻolu, a me ʻoe hoʻi e pono i ka maka ʻole o ka lulu ʻana i ka wahi o nā honu.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hana

Ke kūlohelohe nei nā hānai manu i nā ʻanoʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā hua, hua maloʻo, nā hua, a ʻai i nā iniseti a me nā invertebrates liʻiliʻi me ka leʻaleʻa.

I ka pio, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pili ʻana i nā mea kanu kūlohelohe - nā sele cereal, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu hou. Aole lākou e hōʻole i nā makū a me nā mea palau, mai nā ʻōpū a me nā snaʻi me ke kaua ʻole ʻana.

Eia kekahi, pono ke kahikaha ʻia ke one a me nā gravel maikaʻi e hoʻopuni i ka hoʻopuni. Ke kūlohelohe nei, kūlou nā kahu moa i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi e pono ai no ka ʻaki ʻana o ka hale, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e hiki i ka mea kuʻuna ke ʻeke i ka meaʻai ..

Wahi a ka ʻike o nā ʻano he nui, ʻo nā haole a me Lūkia hoʻi, hiki ke hānai ʻia nā heihei ma ka ʻokaʻa a me ka ʻōmole i hānai ʻia mai ka palaoa kāwili ʻia. Akā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe ʻia aku me ia o ka hānai ʻana, no ka mea ma ke ʻano ka nui o kā lākou ʻai ka mea ʻai maikaʻi.

Kāne lawaiʻa

I ka wā kahiki mua, hiki i kahi mea hoʻopukapuka ʻōpiopio e waiho i ka momona 4-5 i piha i ka hua piha i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

E like me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka poʻe mahiʻai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā hua i ka pā, ʻoiai ʻo kēia hana ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka moa e hoʻohele iā lākou ma lalo o ka manawa o ka inkubation.

Hoʻomaka nā manamana ma ka lā 18 o ka hatching; ʻO ka mea mua, palu ka moa i ka lua ma loko o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ai ka nuku a hoʻomaka ka hanu.

No laila ʻo ia ka noho ʻana no ʻelima mau hola - e hoʻohana pono i ka ʻōpū e hoʻopuni ana, ma hope o ia lūlū hou ʻana i ka ua i loko o kahi pōʻai a me nā lau. Ma hope koke iho o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, lilo ka pipi a ka pēpē hou a hiki iā ia ke ʻai iho.

E like me ka ʻike ʻana e nā mea hihiu, honi ʻia nā pipi ikaika i ka lā 18-19 o ka incubation, ua pā ʻia ka poʻe nāwaliwali ma ka 20-21, a i kekahi manawa ke kōkua ʻia kā lākou hānau. Inā hānau ʻia ka moa e ka moa, nāna ia e kōkua me ka huki ʻana i ka ʻili.

Kālā

ʻIke ʻia ia ma Hema, Hema a me Kaʻakaʻaka o ʻAsia, me ka hema a me ka hikina o Hindustan, ʻAlekanika Kina (Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan Island), Indochina, nā mokupuni o ka mokupuni ʻo Malay. Akahi paha ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ke kanaka ma ka Mokupuni o Hawaiʻi, ʻo New Guinea, Nā Mokupuni ʻĀpana, Marquesas, Fiti, New Hebrides a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, kahi i hele maikaʻi aku ai ʻo ia. Ekolu mau heihei o nā holoholona nui (G. lafayetii, G. sonneratii, G. ʻokoʻa) noho i ka ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke kūkulu hema o India, Ceylon, Java a me kekahi mau mokupuni liʻiliʻi a kokoke i Java.

People and Banking Jungle moa

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo C. Darwin, ʻo kēia ʻano ka kūpuna o nā moa moa. ʻEleʻa maʻalahi nā moa kālā waihona kālā. ʻO kā kā lākou hana ma ka ʻāina ma Kina a me Asia Hema ma kahi o 6000 BC. e., ma India - ma na makahiki 3000 SM. e. Mai ia mau hens hale, ʻike ʻia ma Iran a me Asia Minor, ua pāhola ʻia ʻo ʻUulopa.

E like me ka ʻike o ka ornithologist A.D. Numerov, ka mea hoʻopukapuka kālā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻumi home i kau ʻia ma nā ʻāpana kālā he 16 mau ʻāina a he mau alakaʻi piha i waena o nā ʻano manu like ʻole i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻāpana kālā (ʻelua mau pilikia maʻamau a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana).

Nā genetics

Kāhea Kime (Galima galū) ʻO ia ka mea hana maʻamau i waena o nā manu, kekahi o nā ʻano hana hoʻohālike nui i ka moʻomeheu maʻamau a me nā ʻano hou. Hoʻohana ʻia e ka loiloi o ka hana mutation, compile gen linkage map, etc. A ʻo ka heihei moa he ʻano ʻano maʻamau i loko o ka virology.

Nā huila moena

• ʻO nā ʻōkuʻi nukleotide i waiho ʻia ma ka waihonaEntrezNucleotide, GenBank, NCBI, USA: 884 453 (e like me kēlā lā ʻo Pepeluali 15, 2015).
• Hoʻohui i nā ʻōmole protein i loko o kahi waihona Entrezprotein, GenBank, NCBI, USA: 53,250 (ʻoiai ʻo Feberuari 15, 2015).

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka nui o nā moa mālama kālā a me nā lehulehu i loko o nā haʻawina o ka hoʻoliʻina o ka genetic, ka pilina phylogenetic, a me ka pilina e like me waena o nā hanauna a me nā lehulehu o nā hens home a i loko o nā ʻano. Kalima maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mikrosatellite a me nā hōʻailona genetic.

Genome: 1.25 pg (C-waiwai). Ua lilo ka moa i manu mua a me ka holoholona mua no ka hana ʻano a me nā palapala kūlohelohe a hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano genomic hope (i ka makahiki 2004). ʻO ka mea mua ma ka kūkulu ʻana i ka palapala ʻano mua o ka moa a ka mea kākau ma 1930 i nā kānaka ʻepekema Soviet A. A. Serebrovsky a me S. G. Petrov.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā wahi ʻoi a me nā nīnū moa DNA no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā palapala genetic molect, nā mikrosatellite a me nā mea ʻike genetic, nā punaʻi LHC genomic, a no ka hoʻopau piha ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano Galima galū .

Ma muli o ke kūloko kūpono kūpono i mālama ʻia ma ka pae chromosomal ma waena o nā manu manuahi a pau, nā genome G. galū lawelawe ʻia he “maʻamau” no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā huaʻala ʻē aʻe, inā paha, i ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike e hoʻoholo ai i ka loli ʻana o nā huaʻāina avian a me nā vertebrates ma ka laulā. Genome G. galū Hoʻohui ʻia ia i loko o kahi nui o ka nui loiloi a me nā ʻōnaehana genomic.