Ke kau mau lauPhyllostomidae) - morphologically ka ʻohana like ʻole o nā ʻōpala āpau. Nui nā ʻāpana a me kona helehelena, akā, ma ka hope o ka muzzle, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano he ʻala kūpaʻa, ʻālepika, a hāʻawi i ka inoa i ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. He ʻano maʻalahi ko ka lau ilal, me ke ʻano like ʻole i nā kū like o nā ʻūhā wāwae o ka Honua, i loko o nā ʻano he nui i hoʻēmi ʻia i nā ʻūlū a hoʻomaʻū ʻia a puni nā ihu. Lā ke panuku a me nā papillae i nā lehelehe o ka lehelehe lalo, he pālahalaha ʻāʻī kekahi ma lalo o ka ʻāʻī, kahi e pālahalaha nei ma luna o nā holoholona hiamoe a uhi piha i ka muzzle i ke kumu o nā pepeiao.
Kālā ʻO nā pālei e waiho ai nā lau mai ka laulā: mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka hapa nui i waena o nā ʻolua ʻAmelika (kahi loea wahaheʻe a hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 13,5 cm, a ʻo ka ʻēheu kona mau a hiki i 1 m). ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole 3 a 57 mm, i kekahi manawa ua hala ka huelo. He pālahalaha nā ʻēheu e pili ana i nā lau, e hāʻawi ana i ka lele a lohi me ka lele iki a lele hoʻi i kahi. He ʻokoʻa nui ka uhi o ka lauoho o kēia mau ʻulā: mai ka brown brown i ka wai ʻula a me ka keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo (keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo), i kekahi mau ʻano i nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī, me nā kīwī ma nā ʻēheu, poʻo a me nā poʻohiwi. ʻAno ʻano like ʻole nā lau lau lau lau ia i ka morphology, kahi e pili ana i ka correlated me ko lākou ʻano ola a me kā lākou hana. No laila, he liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā nectar-ʻai, me nā muzzles elongated a me nā lelo lōʻihi, aia ia mau “puluhulu” o ka popillae e pili kokoke ana i ka hopena. Huli a niho nā niho o kēia mau ʻuʻuku, ʻo ka ʻōpiopio o ka niho nā mea holoʻokoʻa he ʻano ākea, ka nui o nā niho ma waena o 20 a 34. ʻOi aku ka ʻano o nā niho o nā molars e like me ka ʻano o ka meaʻai: he pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻano karnivorous a he nui nā tubercles i loko o nā holoholona karnivorous. I loko o nā bloodsuckers, ʻo ka mea mua o nā incisors o luna e loaʻa nā kihi ʻihi loa a me nā wili o hope.
ʻO Habitat a me ke ʻano
Maʻamau Nā papale lau i nā wahi puʻupuʻu a me nā subtropics o ʻAmelika Huipuia a me nā mokupuni o Karipiana a me ka hema hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ʻĀkau ʻAmelika. Noho lākou i kahi laulā nui o ka jiotopes: mai nā wao nahele a i nā kahawai ākea. Hoʻoulu ma ka pō. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lā i nā keʻena lehulehu, mai kahi alo i ke aniani: i loko o nā ana, nā hale, nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā ʻāpana palaka, nā lei aliʻi, a me nā mea i mālama ʻia i nā mele liʻiliʻi, i nā manawa nui o nā ʻano he nui. He mea maʻamau ka hui ʻo harem o ka hui, i ka wā e noho ʻia ai ka wahi e 10-15 wahine me nā cubs o nā makahiki ʻokoʻa a me hoʻokahi kāne kāne. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona āpau i ka litter he 1 cub. E neʻe kekahi mau lāʻau ulu hema ma ke kau anuanu.
Mea ʻai
Kuhi o ka meaʻai ʻO nā pālei e waiho ai nā lau ʻokoʻa loa. ʻO kā lākou ʻai me nā pepeke, pulpola hua, nectar a me ka hae. He nui nā ʻano manu omnivores. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi o nā mea lau nui i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mea kanu, nā hua a me nā huaʻai i ʻai ʻia, a me ka hoʻopuʻi ʻia ʻana o nā pua, a ua hoʻohui ʻia i nā hua hou o Nā Honua. ʻO kekahi mau mea ulu nui e ʻai i nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi: ʻōpala, nā manu, nā ʻopa, nāʻaina. O kahi laʻana, Hoʻolālā kikowaena Vampyrum hiki ke pepehi i ka ʻōmole kupaianaha (Kūmole) me kona nui, a me ka lau ʻana i ka lau ma ka lau (Trachops cirrhosus) ka mea hopu i nā piʻu lāʻau, ke ʻimi nei iā lākou ma o ka huli ʻana. Nā manuahi (subfamily Desmodontinae), e hānai wale ana i ke koko hou o nā momona manu a me nā manu, ʻo ia wale nō nā pisa maoli i waena o nā vertebrates i hele i ke koko.
E like me nā kālaʻu ʻē aʻe, ʻohi ka lauleʻa i ka lau me ka ʻimi no ka ʻai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka ultrasonic. I nā hua ulu maikaʻi, ʻoi aku, hoʻonui maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻike a me ke ʻano.
ʻO ka ho'ākāka o nā laulea nānā
ʻO ka kala maʻamau o ke kala o kēia ʻōpala, kekahi mau polūʻeleʻele i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka nui o ka laulea hāliʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi - ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 4.8-6.5 sentimita, a ʻo ka huina he 7-15 kākā.
Nā kumulāʻau Spectacled leaf (Carollia perspicillata).
ʻO kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka pulupulu lau o ka lau "leafal", ʻo ia hoʻi ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ihu. ʻO kēia lau nasal kekahi mea hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ia i ka pūpū rhino. Ma lalo o kēia mau pepeiao he mau maka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. He mea nāwaliwali ka ʻike ma nā mea kanu ulu; ʻaʻole ia he kuleana i ke ola o nā ʻohi pā. Akā ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā kaula leo. Ua lōʻihi ka lelo, ua uhi piha ʻia me nā ʻōpū maloʻo.
Hoʻolaʻa inoa Leaf
Hoʻopili loa nā mea ulu lāʻau i nā loli i ke ʻano, no laila he mea maʻamau ia i nā ululāʻau kai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Mexico paha.
Aia ke kolu liʻiliʻi o kēia mau pā i ka mokupuni o Trinidad.
Noho nā mea kanu ʻala ma nā ana, nā pua lāʻau, ma luna o ka pōhaku, i nā minuna i haʻalele ʻia. Loaʻa lākou ma ka hapa nui ma nā wahi me ka hala ʻole o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana.
Hoʻōla nui nā mea kanu lāʻau i Hema a me ʻAmelika.
Ke kīwaha loa kēia mau pā ʻai; ʻo kā lākou ʻai i ka meaʻai 1,5-3 mau manawa momona o ko lākou momona pono i ka pō. I ka huli ʻana i nā mea pio, ua lanakila nā mea hoʻopiha manuahi a hiki i 5 mau mile, e kū ana i kahi 2-6. Nā kīhala lau leole pīpī i nā lau, ka guava, nā lā, ʻaʻole e ʻai pinepine i nā mea inikini.
Hoʻomaʻa pinepine kēia mau ʻōpala i nā nectar, e like me nā hummingbirds.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā honu ʻano moa keu, i kēia ʻano ʻōlelo a kekahi me kekahi.
Hoʻolaha ʻia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Ke kūʻē ke kāne kāne, e hoʻokuke ʻo ia i nā mea hoʻokūkū mai kāna mau wahine a hoʻokipa ʻia i ka poʻe i koho ʻia. Loaʻa ka ola i nā mea kanu pīniʻu he 2-6 mau makahiki, akā hiki i kekahi mau kanaka ke ola a hiki i 10 mau makahiki.
E pili ana i nā pono kai
Noho nā mea kanu ʻōpala pīpī i nā kolana nui - ka helu o 1.5-3 miliona mau kānaka. Ua māhele ʻia ke kolone i ka nui o nā mele. I loko o kēlā me kēia harem, hoʻokahi kāne a ʻewalu mau wahine me nā pēpē.
ʻO kekahi mau pūʻulu kahi kāne wale nō a ʻōlapa ʻole.
ʻO ka hana houʻana i nā mea kanu lāʻau e hōʻike mai ana
Pono ka lōʻihi o ka wā moe e pili ana i ka ua nui. Loaʻa nā wahine hānai i kekahi mau mahina o ka makahiki, akā ʻike maoli ʻia nā peaks i ka ua nui. I kēlā me kēia wahine, ma hope o 2.5-3 mau mahina, hānau ʻia hoʻokahi cub. ʻO nā lā mua, ua ʻaʻo ka wahine iā ia i ka cub.
Kueʻelemakule i ka wahine o nā mea kanu lihi manuahi e loaʻa i ka 1 makahiki, a i nā kāne i 1-2 mau makahiki.
Ma kahi o 2/3 o nā keiki hānau hou, he mau kāne, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā kāne, a no laila, ʻo ka pālahalaha ma waena o nā kāne i ka pākeke he 1: 1.
ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻo Moscow Spectacle Leaf Plants
I ka makahiki 1999, ua lawe ʻia mai nā pīpī lau pīhoihoi i Moscow Zoo. Aia lākou i kēia lā ma ka pavilion "Night World". Noho lākou i ka hoʻopuni like ʻana me kahi armadillo spherical.
Pili pinepine nā limahana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hui a kaupaona ʻia nā mea āpau. Loaʻa i kekahi mau manawa ke hānai mau ʻia i nā keiki. ʻAe kēia i hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i kahi manaʻo o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kanu lāʻau i ʻike ʻia.
I ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai, ua lele nā mea ʻōpala lele i luna o 5 mau mile,
Ke hoʻomaha ka lau, mālama ʻia lākou ma ka paia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopili i nā ʻōpala paleke. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā pīpī lau, akā hānau ʻia kekahi mau kānaka me nā hua ma nā pepeiao. No kēia mau keiki, ua huki ʻia nā kāleka pilikino i loaʻa ke manawa e hahai i ko lākou ola.
ʻElima mau hihia o ka hānau keiki albinos; no kēia ʻano, ʻo kēia ka hihia mua loa. Hoʻokahi mau wahine wahine albino i nā pēpē, akā loaʻa nā maʻamau āpau i nā kala maʻamau.
Mālama ʻia ka puka aniani i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO kā lākou papa ʻai e holo aku ai i nā kīlani holoʻokoʻa, nā hua waina, nā maiʻa, nā avocados, kiwi, nā meli, ka polū, ka meli, nā kukama, keʻa wai, nā ʻoma, ka bio-yogurt, ka aila oliva a me nā mea hoʻohui kai.
I ka wā o ka ʻai, ʻaʻole i noho nā mea kanu i luna o ka mea hānai, lele lākou i luna, hopu i kahi ʻāpana, ala i luna, hoʻopili i ka paia, ʻai i ka ʻai me lalo. No ka mea inu, lele ka holoholona ma luna o ka ʻānai a huki ka wai i loko o kona waha.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o ka mea nāna e lau ka lau o ka lau "leafal" - kahi hōʻailona ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻili o ka ihu.
ʻO nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana i nā lau pīhoihoi-kū i ka noho pio ʻana
ʻO ka hoʻopono no nā mea kanu lāʻau e like me ka nui. Hoʻonoho lākou i kahi wahiʻeleʻele, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e ʻae kēia mau holoholona i ka mālamalama. Hoʻokū ʻia kahi hui o 20-50 mau lau i loko o kahi aviary e hoʻopaʻa ana iā 1.5 e 2 e 3 mika.
Mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka aviary ma waena o 25-27 mau degere. Pono ka haʻahaʻa e pili ana i 70%.
Inā mālama ʻia ka leafleaf i loko o kahi hale i loko o ka hale ka hale, pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua o ka pāʻina ahiahi i hiki ke hoʻomahana ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Fodder i ka nui o nā mea kanu lāʻau. E loaʻa nā wai inu wai i ka hoʻopuni ʻana. Ma lalo o kēia mau ʻano e mālama ai, e hoʻomāhuahua nui nā mea kanu ulu ʻia, a hiki i nā wahine ke hānai i kā lākou pēpē.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.