Tetra Diamond (Moenkhausia pittieri) Eigenmann, 1920.

ʻO kekahi o nā mākaʻi nani loa o ka huaʻāina haracinov, i ʻike ʻia e ka mea noiʻi ʻo Egeinmann i 1920 a ma hope o 10 mau makahiki, ua lawe i nā kūlana ikaika i loko o nā mea kanu loko.

Lūkia: Diamond Tetra, Moencausia Diamond

Kāna ʻohana: Characinic
Genus: Moenkauzia (Minekhausia)

ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho

ʻAmelika Hema: ka hopena o ka Lake Valencia a i Tacarigua (Spanish: Lago de Valencia) ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Carabobo a me Aragua ma ka ʻĀpana o Venezuela a me nā ʻōpū e pili ana i nā wai.

Aia ka loko i waena o nā pilima mauna ʻelua a ʻo ia ka lua nui ka nui ma Venezuela. Maʻalahi loa ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma mua, no ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i nā hana a ke kanaka i ka mahiʻai a me ka hana ʻenehana. No laila, aia kahi eutrophication mau (ke kaʻina o ka hōʻino o ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma muli o ke kaomi nui o ka mea i kapa ʻia nā "ʻona", ʻoi aku ka nitrolio a me ka pūpū phosphorus) a me ka pua o ka wai / algae. Ua hōʻike nā noiʻi ua hoʻemi ʻia nā mea like ʻole o ka iʻa ma kahi o 60% mai waena a i ka hopena o ka makahiki iwakālua.

Noho ia i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, a me ke kua nui o ka loko, a me kekahi mau kahe e holo lō ana.

ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano, i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke kālepa zoological, i hoʻopili nui ʻia i nā mahiʻai kūʻai ma Asia.

ʻO keʻano

Ke ʻano o ke kino i loko o ke ʻano he elongated oval, kiʻekiʻe a ʻūʻele iki ma hope. He momona momona, ʻelua huʻu o ka huelo.

Ka melemele nui ke kala nui me kahi papa ʻulaʻula, hiki i ke kua-hina a ʻulaʻula paha, a he keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, e hoʻolei i ka kālā. He lei hina ka poli me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopili i kahi kaula lōʻihi i ka waena o ke kino a hiki i ka huelo.

ʻUʻulaʻula ka luna o luna o ka iris. ʻO ke kaulike ma ka ʻili o ke kino, nona ka inoa, ʻoiai ʻo ke kanaka ʻelemakule wale nō e hōʻike i kahi kala piha a piha ke ʻano, he helehelena ka ʻeke.

ʻAno e hoʻokū

Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona pilikino i ka wā e mālama ai i ka liʻiliʻi o 5-7 mau kānaka, a i loko o kahi hui o nā hoahānau he 10-15 ua lilo lākou i mea hoihoi hou ʻia: hōʻike ʻia nā kāne i mua o nā wahine, pīpī i kā lākou huelo a me nā manamana a me nā kaulike hemo.

ʻO kahi koho maikaʻi no ka aquarium piha. ʻO nā iʻa nani a maluhia kēia, nā kāne nui i ulu i nā wahi kupanaha no ko lākou ʻohana. ʻO kēia mau hoalauna maikaʻi no ka hapanui o nā viviparous, ka ʻokiʻoki, nā tetras a me nā poʻe lehulehu o nā pae haʻahaʻa, e like me Corridoras a i ʻole caticaria catfish. Hiki ke loaʻa me nā gourami ākea ākea a me nā cichlids dwarf.

ʻOiai he inoa ʻo ia no ka huki i nā fins, e loli mau kēia ʻano, ke mālama ʻia nei i loko o kahi ʻohana, ma ia ʻano he nui nō nā ʻano o nā pīpī. E like me ka tetras āpau, he ʻoluʻolu ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana o nā kānaka like ʻole a, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kānāwai, ua hilahila iki lākou inā ʻaʻole i lawa.

Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mele ma mua o nā wahine, a ʻoi aku ka pena. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino i ke kūlohelohe hiki i 6.5 cm, a i loko o ka mea kanu aku, me ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole lākou ka nui ma mua o 4,5 cm.

Lākana Tetra - kāne

ʻO nā māka ma nā kāne he elongated loa. Loaʻa ka pulu anal i kahi ʻano crescent me ka wā, hele pinepine nei ma mua o nā ana o ka hope caudal. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine e kahi ʻōpū piha.

ʻO ka hana hou o ka laʻa tetras

Ma nā mahina ʻeiwa laia tetras lilo i ka moekolohe.
No ka hoʻouluʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahine i loko o ka ʻōpū, i nānā ʻia mai luna mai, e piʻi i ka ʻōpū.

Mālama ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine i hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe, ʻokoʻa ka nui a ʻano like ʻole e ʻai ana no ka hakilima no 2 hebedoma.

E kīleʻa i kahi kāne i kanu i ke ahiahi. E like me ka spawning, kahi kīʻaha piha piha me ka nui o 10 l a me kahi haʻahaʻa wai haʻahaʻa (16-20 cm) a me kahi haʻahaʻa o 600 sq. Cm e hoʻohana ʻia. Kūpī ka wai no 4-5 mau lā (e 1-3 ° dGH), ka waikawa (pH 6.8), me ke ʻano he kiʻekiʻe mau kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kiko o 26-28 ° C. Mai poina e pili ana i ka kānana ma o ka peat. ʻO ke kukui ʻokoʻa loa.

Diamond tetra - wahine

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi upena palekana ma lalo o ka pahu aku a me kahi lāʻau o kahi mea kanu liʻiliʻi. Kūkulu ʻia ka spawning me nā aniani mai luna, e like me ka wā o ka pāʻani ʻana, e ʻalo pinepine nā iʻa mai loko mai o ka aku.

Ke hoʻopau nei ke kime ma ke kakahiaka aʻe. He ʻano hoihoi loa ke kaʻina hana. Holo aku ke kāne i nā dorsal a me nā loina dormal a, me he mea lā e haka pono ana, nā pōpoki polū a puni ka wahine.

Hiki pū ka hui manuahi, ma kēia hihia he mau kāne heterosexual i kau ʻia i loko o kahi spawning voluminous (nui paha ka nui o nā kāne a me nā wahine).

Hoʻokomo wahine ka wahine ma kahi o 300-400 mau hua māmā me ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka 1 mm. Hoʻomaʻā ikaika ka spawning. Hoʻokomo pū kekahi mau hua i nā mea kanu, a hāʻule kekahi ma kahi o ka palekana.

Hoʻokomo ka poʻe mea ʻai i kā lākou hua ponoʻī, no laila i ka pau ʻana o ka paʻi, pono lākou e transplanted.

Ma hope o kēlā, ka lāʻau - sera-omnipur (hiki ke hoʻololi i ka poli methylene) i hoʻohui ʻia i ka wai, a hoʻonani ʻia ka aquarium me ke kū ʻole o ka aer.

Hoʻomaka ka hua kau ʻana ma hope o 24 mau hola. I ka wā e hiki mai ana 4-5 mau lā, e ʻai ka mea ʻai me ka ʻeke ʻōpala, e hoʻololi mau i loko o ka palaoa. I ka lā ʻeono, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻauʻau. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike i nā tetras ʻē aʻe, ʻoi ka liʻiliʻi o ka pīpī liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka ʻai hoʻomaka no lākou nā ciliates, i loko o kahi mau lā he hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e hānai me ka Artemia nauplii a me kahi microworm.

I kēia wā, maloʻo ka pīpī. No laila, he mea nui e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau o ka mahana o ka wai kiko.

Me ka hoʻōla maʻamau a kūpono pono, ulu nui nā ʻano wai, akā ʻaʻole pū. I mea e pale ai i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka cannibalism ma waena o ke kō, pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kēlā me kēia nui.

Inā hana kūpono nā mea āpau, i hoʻokahi mahina e hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka palaoa i loko o ka aquarium iʻoi aku ka nui, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wai wai i ka maʻamau 23-25 ​​° С.

ʻŌpio laia tetra, ka aneane like like me ka nui o ka iʻa ma ka pākeke, he mea ʻole ia, akā, ʻaʻole nui ka manawa i hala a ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi e lilo ia i iʻa iʻa maikaʻi. E pili ana kēlā me kēia i kona inoa.

Aʻikepili i ka ʻike

Eia naʻe, makemake ʻia e mālama i ka wai palupalu.

Hoʻohana kūpono no nā aquariums ākea, maluhia, akā ikaika loa. Ke neʻe nei lākou i nā manawa āpau a pololi lākou i nā manawa a pau a pōloli lākou hiki ke ʻoki i nā lāʻau maikaʻi.

Akā, inā e hānai nui lākou, haʻalele lākou i nā mea kanu wale nō.

E like me nā tetras āpau, noho ke daimana i nā pōpoki, a pono ʻoe e noho i 7 mau kanaka.

Hānai

Mea ʻai ʻia ke ʻano makana, keʻa a ʻole ka mea hoʻonaninani.

Hiki ke kumu o ke olakino i nā cereals, a hoʻohui pū iā lākou i ke ola a ʻai ʻole hoʻi - nā kahe koko, artemia.

A no laila, he picky a hoʻopili ʻo ia i ka hapa nui. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ka ʻālamalama kukui ʻōpiopio, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka aquarium.

Eia kekahi, i loko o ka mea hoʻonaʻauao kā lākou nānā maikaʻi loa.

Pono nā loli wai maʻamau, a hiki i 25% a me nā kānana. Hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka wai ke ʻano ʻē aʻe, akā e hana lākou i ka manawa kūpono: ke kauwela 23-28 C, ph: 5.5-7.5, 2 - 15 dGH.

ʻAno hānau

Hoʻoulu i ka lālani tetra i ke ʻano like o nā ʻano tetra ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi pahu aku hoʻokaʻawale, me nā kukui kukui, ʻo ia ke aʻo ʻia e pani i ke aniani i mua.

Pono nā mea kanu me nā lau liʻiliʻi i hoʻohui ʻia iā ia, no ka laʻana ʻo Java, kahi e ʻai ai ka iʻa.

A i ʻole, e pani i lalo o ka iʻa me ke kōkua o kahi ʻupena, ʻoiai ʻo ka tetras hiki ke ʻai i kā lākou hua. Pono nui nā selela i hiki i nā hua ke hele ma waena o lākou.

Pono ka wai o ka wai kīwī me ka hoʻōla o ka pH 5.5-6.5, a me ka hōʻino nui gH 1-5.

Hiki i ke tetra daʻa ke kuʻi i kahi pā, a ʻo ka ʻumi o nā iʻa o nā kāne ʻelua ke koho maikaʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻokani meaʻai i nā meaʻai no kekahi mau hebedoma ma mua o ka plawing, e ʻōlelo pū ʻia he mea hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou.

Me kahi meaʻaiʻai nui, piʻi nui nā wahine mai ka caviar nani, a loaʻa nā kāne i kā lākou ʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana i ka spawning.

Hoʻomaka ke kime ma ke kakahiaka aʻe. No laila ʻaʻole ʻai nā mea hana i ka caviar, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i kahi pālahalaha, a ma hope koke iho o ka māla ʻana e kanu iā lākou. E hāpau ka larva ma hope o nā hola 24-36, a ʻauʻau ka pīpī i 3-4 mau lā.

Mai kēia manawa pono ke hoʻomaka e hānai iā ia, ʻo ka ʻai maʻamau he infusoria, a i ʻole meaʻai o kēia ʻano, no ka mea e hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka ulu ʻana i ka pīkī i ka artplak nauplii.

He kāhiko o kekahi o nā hale aku o ka home, ke ʻalulu nei i ke kukui mālamalama e like me ke daimana pale, pehea ʻoe e wehewehe pōkole ai i kekahi iʻa iʻa i kapa ʻia he diamra tetra.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, e ulu wale ana he 5-6 cm ke lōʻihi, e mahalo nui ʻia me nā mahalo ʻono. ʻO ke aniani maʻalahi hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano nui o nā kala tetra ke aniani-ʻulaʻula me kahi kala ʻulaʻula. Akā i ka wā e hāʻule ai ʻo ia i nā hihi o ke kukui māmā, ua ʻūhaka kona kino e like me ka mea alima. ʻOiaʻiʻo, no kēia iʻa ua loaʻa i kona inoa.

Hōʻike wale ka ʻolua ma nā pakeke wale nō, a ʻoi aku ka palaka ʻo nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Ma luna o kā lākou kumu kila "liʻiliʻi" ʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻi.

Loaʻa i ka iʻa kahi ʻano kino oval, nā pānaʻi ikaika mai ke ʻaoʻao mai nā ʻaoʻao. Ma ke ala, he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine. He nui ka paʻi, waiū hina, nā bifurcates ʻo ka ʻili.

ʻO kahi mamao lōʻihi ma hope o ka moni dorsal ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka adipose fin. Ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka dorsal a he ʻano kūʻokoʻa o kēia iʻa a pau.

Loaʻa i ka maka o ka maka o ka ʻaoʻao o ka maka.

Mea ʻai . ^ E Ha yM. ʻAi nā mea nani a nā mea hoʻonaina i nā mea ʻono: nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻoneʻe i hoʻokoe ʻia. ʻAʻole lākou hoʻowahāwahā i ka meaʻai meaʻai. Inā loaʻa ʻole nā ​​tetras i ka meaʻai kanu, hiki iā lākou ke ʻoki i nā lau o nā mea kanu i hōʻike ʻia i ka hale wai.

ʻAʻole hāʻule koke ka ʻai i ka lalo, no ka mea ma muli o ke ʻano anatomical o ka huaʻala o ke stigma, ʻaʻole hiki i nā tetras ke ʻohi i ka ʻai mai ka papahele.

Kāleka

Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o kēia mau iʻa me nā unahi kālā nui e kūleʻa ana, e hōʻike ana i ka mālamalama. Ua unuhi ʻia nā māpala, me kahi āmiʻoluʻu uliuli nāʻu. E like me ka hanana pinepine, ʻo nā kāne wale nō e hāhai i ke kapa. ʻIke liʻiliʻi nā wahine o nā pālima a me nā daimana ma luna o kā lākou mau unahi. Akā ma kahi o ke kūpeʻe-hina hina ke kino, kahi aneane ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā kāne. ʻO ka momona momona i nā wahine i ʻulaʻula.

Wili kino

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke ʻano o kēia iʻa ma ka nui o ke kino, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā fins o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka dorsal. Kahiʻu ke kino o ka ʻili tetra, hālaʻu i ka lōʻihi.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻohana o kēia mau iʻa, no ka mea i waena o kona mau kaikuaʻana ke hoʻomaka ke hōʻike i ka hōʻike. Holo pono ʻo Males i kekahi i kekahi, e ʻā ana me nā wili i ke kaulike, e kū ana ma mua o nā wāhine I kēia manawa, popopo ke kala a hoʻomaka ke kino o ka lālani tetra e hoʻolei i ke keleawe. E ʻike nēia mau mea a pau i kou mau maka ponoʻī, e lawe koke i ka pākahi 10-15. I ka loko aku, ʻōlelo ʻia e kanu i nā mea kanu a ʻohi i ka lepoʻeleʻele, no laila e ʻoluʻolu loa ka iʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he wikiwiki loa nā tetras, no laila, mai poina e pili ana i ka avanoa noa no ka ʻauʻau waena o nā mea kanu lāʻau. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kahi tetra daimana me nā hewazinki a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka aquarium

ʻO Moenkhausia pittieri ka lōʻihi o ke alo o ka nui o nā mea ʻala ma nā wahi a puni. Pili ʻia kēia kūlana ʻaʻole wale me kāna mau mea hoʻonani maikaʻi loa, akā pū kekahi me kona unpretentiousness a me kahi maʻalahi maʻalahi o nā ʻike.

Akuula . ^ E Ha yM. No nā kūlana ola i nā iʻa maʻamau, ʻaʻole pono kahi nui aquarium. No ka laʻana, kahi pākahi o 7 mau kānaka i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia i loko o ka "ipu" he 70-lita, a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi nā holoholona ma laila.

Pālā wai wai . ^ E Ha yM. Pono e mālama ʻia ka pā wai wai i nā pae mai +22 a +28 degere, a pono ka paila pH ma ka pae haʻahaʻa (6-7 mau ʻāpana). Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka manaʻo ʻana o ka Diamond Tetra ma loko o ka wai palupalu, no laila pono ka dH i loko o 2-15 mau paona. Ma kahi o 20% o ka wai o ka aquarium e hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā me kēia pule, me ka hōʻoia pū ʻana i ka kūpono a me ka filtration.

Hōʻike ka poʻe akamai i ka ʻoihana e hoʻohana i ka peat me kahi mea kānana.

Mālamalama me ka liʻiliʻi o ka aquarium, a ʻo ke ao o ke ao e pono ʻole ma mua o 12 mau hola.

Kūlike . ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kēia iʻa me kahi ʻoluʻolu a mālie. No laila ua hele maikaʻi ʻo ia me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana Kharatsin, cichlids liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea like ʻole me ka rassol, neon a me ka zebrafish.

Mea ʻai . ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā mea nani a me nā mea nani a ʻono nā mea eʻai ai: nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai maloʻo. ʻAʻole lākou hoʻowahāwahā i ka meaʻai meaʻai. Eia kekahi, inā ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka tetras i ka meaʻai kanu, hiki iā lākou ke ʻoki i nā kihi o nā lau o nā mea kanu i loaʻa i ka hale wai.

KOHOLAHA

Hoʻoulu i ka lālani tetra i ke ʻano like o nā ʻano tetra ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi pahu aku hoʻokaʻawale, me nā kukui kukui, ʻo ia ke aʻo ʻia e pani i ke aniani i mua. Pono nā mea kanu me nā lau liʻiliʻi i hoʻohui ʻia iā ia, no ka laʻana ʻo Java, kahi e ʻai ai ka iʻa. A i ʻole, e pani i lalo o ka iʻa me ke kōkua o kahi ʻupena, ʻoiai ʻo ka tetras hiki ke ʻai i kā lākou hua. Pono nui nā selela i hiki i nā hua ke hele ma waena o lākou.

Pono ka wai o ka wai kīwī me ka hoʻōla o ka pH 5.5-6.5, a me ka hōʻino nui gH 1-5. Hiki i ke tetra daʻa ke kuʻi i kahi pā, a ʻo ka ʻumi o nā iʻa o nā kāne ʻelua ke koho maikaʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻokani meaʻai i nā meaʻai no kekahi mau hebedoma ma mua o ka plawing, e ʻōlelo pū ʻia he mea hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. Me kahi meaʻaiʻai nui, piʻi nui nā wahine mai ka caviar nani, a loaʻa nā kāne i kā lākou ʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana i ka spawning.
Hoʻomaka ke kime ma ke kakahiaka aʻe. No laila ʻaʻole ʻai nā mea hana i ka caviar, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i kahi pālahalaha, a ma hope koke iho o ka māla ʻana e kanu iā lākou. E hāpau ka larva ma hope o nā hola 24-36, a ʻauʻau ka pīpī i 3-4 mau lā. Mai kēia manawa pono ke hoʻomaka e hānai iā ia, ʻo ka ʻai maʻamau he infusoria, a i ʻole meaʻai o kēia ʻano, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka ulu ʻana i ka pī ma ka naupilii brine shrimp.

He maluhia a nani hoʻi ʻo Tetras, ke kula nei lākou i ka iʻa, no laila e lilo ia i mea nani loa ia e nānā i kā lākou ʻano, ʻoiai i ka wā ulu.
Ua wehewehe mua kēia ʻano ʻano ma 1920, a ma hope ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka tetra i Lake Valencia, ua pau ka manawa o ka iʻa.
Loaʻa ka iʻa i ka wā puberty ma ka 6 mau mahina, i ka manawa like lākou e hoʻopiha ai i kahi kala piha.

G. Fominsky, Nizhny Novgorod.

Ua hala ka lōʻihi o ka nui o nā cichlids Malawi, i nā ʻāʻī i ka laboe, chain-catfish, trunk-snouting a me nā malihini ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻonui nei nā mea, ua hoʻolaʻa ka poʻe aquarist i kā lākou mau mea i makemake ai i ka iʻa haracin. A he mea kūlohelohe maoli nō kēia, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​characinids e nā aniani ʻulaʻula, ka neʻe, ʻilihune, hiki iā lākou ke mālama ʻia i loko o nā hale liʻiliʻi, a me kekahi mau mākaukau e loaʻa ai i ka mea nona nā keiki mai lākou. E kūkākūkā kekahi o kēia mau iʻa.
(ma lalo o kēia inoa ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka poʻe aloha) a ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Moenkhausia pittieri Eigenmann, 1920, i hele mai i Russia mai Kelemania i ke makahiki 60s. ʻO ka ʻauhau o kēia mau lā he 40 mau mea o ka moenkauziy, akā ʻo ia paha ka mea kūpono loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka pitteri aquarium. Kupaa laia tetra ʻo Venezuela, a ʻo ia paha, ka palena kahakai o ka wai o Lake Valencia, nā muliwai Bus a Tikvirito. Ke vivo laia tetra hiki i ka lōʻihi o 6 cm, ma ka aquarium 4-4.5. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino ʻaoʻao me nā unahi pōmaikaʻi-kala nui, kēlā me kēia me ka puʻupuʻu māmā i hōʻike ʻia me kahi aniani.
I nā kāne, hoʻāla ʻia ka fin dorsal i kahi ʻano puaʻa. Hoʻonui ʻia ka anal anal kahi i hoʻopihapiha ʻia me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻAno palahala ka poli pectoral, ʻoniʻoni, ʻo ke koena me kahi paona violet-uliuli. Ua liʻiliʻi iki ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou lole, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou mau ʻili, ʻoi ka poʻo o kā lākou dorsal, ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o nā kāne. Mai ka waihona o ka hope caudal, nalowale i hōʻike ʻia ka palahalaha a ka melemele i ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO ka pale ʻulaʻula.

ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i nā tetras daimana. E ʻoluʻolu nui ka iʻa i ka wai kī paʻa ma T = 22-24 ° C, pH = 7, me kahi wiki hebedoma o 10-15% o ka nui. Pono ia e loaʻa kahi māhola mākaʻi (10-12 leleka o kēlā me kēia pākeke), kanu nui ʻia me nā lau cirrus, kaomba, cryptocoryns, echinodorus, ferns. Eleele: ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, kahi pālahalaha hoʻopiha a pākuʻi paha. He kukui ka māmā (20-watt fluorescent kukui no 50-60 lita). E pili ana i ka hānai, ʻaʻole ʻilihune ka iʻa: ʻai lākou i kekahi meaʻai ola, hāʻawi lākou i ka makemake i nā crustaceans.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano hana a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka kala laia tetras ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokumu ai lākou i ka ʻohana o 15-20 poʻe. ʻO ka mau kāne, e alualu nei i kēlā me kēia wahine, e piʻo ana i ka wahine, fluff i kā lākou mau puhaka a he hoʻomanaʻo hou ʻia nā kāne. Hoʻolahalilele ka kala ʻana o ke kino a me nā ʻeleʻele i kēlā mau manawa, kau ke keleawe i ke keleawe. I ka wā hula, hele pinepine nā spawning, akā aneane hiki ʻole ke mālama i ka hua i loko o ka mea kanu maʻamau. No nā hua male laia tetras hoʻonui ʻia i loko o ka moku i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me kahi hiki o 10-15 lita o ka aniani a i ʻole silicate. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka wai spawning ma nā ʻano he nui. ʻO ke ala maʻalahi ʻo ka hoʻolapalapa ʻana i ka wai i hoʻolapalapa i ka pō pōkole, e ninini i loko o kahi pā manu no ka hakila ʻana a me kahi aʻewa ikaika no kekahi mau hola. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka wai mai ka hale aku i kahi a nā mea hana i hana ai, hui pū me ka nui o ka lehe a hele i ʻole nā ​​pahu kuhi-ʻoi a kū i nā lā ʻelua. Hoʻohana kekahi mau aquarist i ka wai mai nā palaʻu ulu, ka ua a me ka hau ʻO Nizhny Novgorod haraciners e hele pinepine nei. Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi ʻia i nā kūlana ʻono ʻole i loko o ka megacities, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia ka wai.
Ke kauoha ʻia nei e mālama pono ʻia ka wai i ka wā i ka spawning i 26-27 ° C, ka dGH o ka wai i loaʻa e nā kaʻina hana ma luna aʻe, ʻo ia ka 4-6 °, pH = 6.5-7. Mea pono e hoʻohui i ka tanning a me ka acidifying infusions a me decoction (pit, alder cones, oak bark) i ka ʻāina ulu. Hoʻonohonoho ka wai i ka laha kikoʻī no 2-3 mau lā me ka ʻaʻa mau ʻana.

Ma mua o ka pīkī, pono ia i nā mea hoʻomohala hua no nā lā 6-8 a hāʻawi ikaika ʻo ia i ka ʻai nā mea kanu aiʻole nā ​​mea ola ʻē aʻe. No laila ma hope o ka mālamalama, ʻaʻole ʻai nā mea hana e hana i ka caviar, ke uhi nei ka lalo o kahi kikoʻai i kahi ʻupena a i ʻole kahi syntheticoth (ʻoi aku ka uliuli a ʻulaʻula paha). Hiki nō ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kumulāʻau ʻoiʻu liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he caviar. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka papahele no ka spawning laia tetra ʻaʻole pono. Akā inā e kau aku ʻoe i kahi mau pōkole o ka cryptocoryne, India fern, hygrophilia, a i ʻole nā ​​lālā 3-4 o ambulia, cabomba, a me kekahi mea ma luna o ka upena pale, ʻaʻole ia e lilo i loko ʻino. ʻAno nā kukui a ʻula ʻole. He maikaʻi inā nalo ke kukui maoli mai ka puka aniani mai ka hana e like me ia. Inā pono, e hoʻohana i nā kukui kuni me ka mana o 15-25 mau aniani.
Hoʻohana maikaʻi loa ka puhi ʻana no ka puhi ʻana i ke ahiahi. Inā ka iʻa i ka iʻa o ka iʻa, a laila e kū mai ana ke kihi aʻe. I kekahi manawa ke kali nei ka spawning ma 2-3, emi iki ʻo 5 mau lā, a hūnā ʻia ka wahine mai ka male ʻana o ke kāne ma ka mānoanoa o nā mea kanu. Ma ke ʻano he lula, ua hiki mai nā luhi ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole o ka hua i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine ʻaʻole i hōʻea i kahi kūlana e pono ai. Ma kēia hihia, e hoʻoulu ai i ka pīkī, loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1.0-1.5 l o ka wai maʻōmaʻomaʻo wai hou me T = 29-30 ° C i ka spawning.
Kāne spawning laia tetra ke alualu nei i ka wahine, me ke kiki caviar mai ona aku. Hana ia i ka hola 1,5-2, i kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ke kumu o ka mākaukau o ka iʻa a me ko lākou kūlana kino. ʻO ke kānāwai, e hoʻokau nei ka wahine i nā hua 350-400, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ka 40-60% e hōʻailai ʻia i nā māka mua.
Ma hope o ka hakakā, mea kanu ʻia nā mea hana. ʻO nā mea kanu a me ka ʻupena, lūlū i nā hua mai o lākou aku, neʻe ʻia mai nā kumu spawning. E kāohi i ka puka o ka maʻi bacterial-fungal, hoʻohui ʻia ka methylene manga a i ʻole tripaflavin i ka wai. Jar tetra eʻeleʻele. Manea ʻia e hoʻomau i kahi ʻaihue. Hiki i kekahi ke hana like. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻonui i ka māhele o ka ulu ʻana i ka caviar.

Ma kahi lā i hala aku nei, ma T = 26-27 ° C, ua ʻike ʻia ke kaila poloka i ke kukui. Moe lākou ma ka lalo a i ʻole ma ka paia o ka paia. I ke ono o ka lā, aia kahi laha o nā wai huki. ʻO Malek ka nui, paʻakikī, ʻeleʻele me ka kala me ka hatching transverse. He maʻalahi ka ʻano o ke kaʻina: ʻo nā lā 2 mau mua e hāʻawi i kahi ciliator a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu, a me ka ʻono nā rotifers maoli i ke ʻano o ka "lepo ola". Me kēia mahi ʻai, ulu ka ulu ʻōpiopio i mua o kā mākou mau maka. Ma kahi hebedoma ma hope iho, ua lawe ʻia ia i nā ʻōpū crustacean, hoʻoulu micro-feed, a me nā pāho hākaka maikaʻi.
Me ka nui o ka hānai a me ka pono i ka lā iwakālua o ka palaoa laia tetra hiki i ka 1 cm ka lōʻihi, akā mau nō ka immobility. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, loaʻa iā lākou ke ʻano a me ke kala o kā lākou mau mākua. ʻO kēia ka manawa ke hoʻololi iā lākou i loko o ka aquarium ulu ulu. Ma mua aʻe o ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻonui lōlū i ka ʻoiʻe (pono kēia no ka ʻōmole e hoʻomohala) a hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kihue a me ka wai o ka wai, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1-2 mau aniani o ka wai mai ka aku aku i kēlā me kēia lā me nā mea hana. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻohui i kēia kaʻina me ka hānai, nā holoi ʻana i nā plankton i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi aniani me ka wai aquarium a ninini i nā mea i loko o kahi māla wai.
Ma 6-7 mau mahina, loaʻa i nā ʻōpio nā hiʻohiʻona āpau o nā tetras intelona makua, a hiki i ka dimorphism seksual, a mākaukau e komo i loko o kā lākou iho.

E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe

ʻO tet tetra (Moenkhausia pittieri) i wehewehe mua ʻia e Egeinmann i 1920. Noho ia ma ʻApelika Hema, ma nā muliwai: Rio Blue, Rio Tikuriti, Lake Valencia a me Venezuela. Ua ʻauʻau lākou i nā kula, hānai i nā mea ulaula i hāʻule i ka wai a noho i ka wai.

ʻOi aku lākou i ka wai kahe o nā loko a i ʻole kahe lulu wai ʻana, me nā mea kanu nui ma ka lalo.

ʻO Lakes Valencia a me Venezuela ʻo ia mau lua nui ma waena o nā pilima mauna ʻelua. Akā, ma muli o ka manaʻo i ka kaona ua loko o nā ʻalani e kahe ana mai ka mākihi pili mai, ua ʻilihune loa ka lehulehu o lākou.

Akuula

Kahi ʻia ka nui o ka mea loko i ka uku o 10-15 lita no hoʻokahi pākeke pākeke. Pono kahi pūʻulu liʻiliʻi i ka wai aku me nā nui kumu mai 60 * 37.5 cm - e pili ana i 70 lita.

He hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona nani ia e loaʻa i ka maikaʻi ma nā ʻano aquariums, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e makemake ia i nā kukui kukui. Akā he mea nui loa ia i nā aquariums i kanu nui ʻia, kahi mea e hōʻike maoli nei i kahi kala saturated.

He kūpono kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i kahi pā hale ākea ākea me nā mea kanu ākea a puni ka perimeter, nā mea kanu kahe, ka wahi kaʻawale no ka ʻauʻau, ka kukui kukui a me ka eleeleʻeleʻele.

Hiki ke mālama iā ia i loko o kahi hale aku me kahi biotope Amazonian. E hoʻohana i ka one kahawai ʻo he substrate a he mea kūpono ia e hoʻohui i kekahi mau kīnika paleka. Kekahi mau hapa liʻiliʻi o nā lau maloʻo (beech a oak) paha e hoʻopau i ka leʻaleʻa o ka ʻike kūlohelohe. Pono e lawa ka mālamalama.

Mea ʻai

I ke kūlohelohe, hānai lākou i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates e noho ana i ka wai a hāʻule paha i loko.

E ʻai ʻo Omnivore i nā mea a pau āu e hāʻawi ai. No ke kūlana maikaʻi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu - nā meaʻai maʻamau me nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā mea hānai līʻai e like me ke kahe koko, daphnia a me ka artemia, me ka cereal maloʻo a me nā granule.

Dimorphism Kaipoipo

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pipi ma mua o ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohalike ʻana i nā kaulike. I ka wā ke oki, ua pāpaʻi lākou i ka ventral, dorsal, a me nā fins anal. ʻO ka males he saturated papale pihi, aʻo nā wahine aneane ʻike ʻole ia.

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono hou aku i kahi tetra daimana

No ka spawning, koho ʻia ka iʻa ma (kahi i nānā ʻia mai luna), hoʻonui ka ʻōpū i ke kālā anal. Pono e mālama pono i ka wahine i mea e hānai ai i nā hua. ʻO ka hānai e pono ke ʻano a me ka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka pahu aku o spawning ma kahi o ka 15 lita ma ka nui. Huhu wai - 26-27 ℃. Ma ka lalo e hoʻoikaika i ka upena palekana, e kau i kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa. Kūkulu ʻia nā mea hana i nā kumu kākā i ke ahiahi. Ke hoʻopau nei ka spawning i ke kakahiaka. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka caviar i nā lau o nā mea kanu, hāʻule ke koena i loko o ka ʻupena. Ma hope o kahi lā, ʻike ʻia nā palaka. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻauʻau. Nui loa ka pīpī. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā ʻōpiopio, artemia nauplii i mea ʻai i kēia manawa. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka tetras Diamond e 8 mau mahina.

ʻO nā iʻa ʻo Characine ka mea i koho ʻia i ka puna aku. No ka mea he maikaʻi loa lākou a hiki i nā hale liʻiliʻi a me ka makemake, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka characinas me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pilikia nui. ʻO Diamond tetra kahi mea ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻohana unpretentious.

Nā Kūlana

ʻO kaʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a kūponoʻole i nā kūlana like ʻole, ka nui a me ka iʻa pono nā mea e pono ai a no laila ke mālama ʻole ʻia nei.

No laila, no kahi olaʻoluʻolu kahi diy tetra mua e pono ai i ka ʻoihana. No ka mālama i ka hipa ma ka nui o ka 5 mau mea pākahi, pono e hoʻopiha ʻia kahi pahu wai 50-70 (ʻoi aku, i kēlā me kēia - nui ka nui). ʻO kahi kānana, kahi mea hoʻohui (inā inā ʻaʻole i lawa ka mana kānana no ka hoʻohuihui) a pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka uhi me ka aquarium.

A ʻo nā mea palena o ka wai, ʻaʻohe mea paʻakikī: he wela ka mahana 22-28 ° С, he 5.5-7pH, paʻakikī ka makemake a hiki i ka 15-20 ° dH. Hoʻololi ka wai wai i kahi hapaha o ka nui.

ʻO ka lepo ka mea i koho ai, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke one. Mālamalama ka kukui, ʻo kēia hiʻohiʻona ʻike ʻia i ka lā maka, a maʻalahi hoʻi i ke kukui ʻulaʻula. Hōʻike - i kou ono a me ka makemake, akā pono nā mea kanu. E hoʻokipa ʻia nā palaʻai, a hāʻawi i kahi aniani i nui, akā ʻaʻole e kau wale - waiho i kahi ʻāpana o ka wahi no ka wahi o ka tetra i wahi e hoʻomau ai.

Tetra Diamond - ʻike pili.

ʻLelo ʻepekema: Moenkhausia pittieri (Moenkausia Pittieri).

Nā inoa kaulana Lanakila Diamond, Diamond Characin.

Hōʻike Manaʻo ʻo Tetra Diamond: maʻalahi.

ʻO ka nui: 6cm (2,3 iniha).

• pH 6-7
• dH mahele: 5-12
• t 0: mai 24 0 С a 28 0 С (75-82 0 F)

Noho ʻo Diamond Tetra ma kahi kai aku mai 3 a 5 mau makahiki.

Ka hopena: ka hema ʻAmelika, Lake Valencia basin ma Venezuela.

Hoʻohālikelike: ʻano like me ke ʻano o nā tetras ʻē aʻe. E mālama pono iā lākou no 5 a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i hoʻokahi aquarium.

Hoko Hola: Hana ʻia ka hoʻouluulu e like me nā characins ʻē aʻe. Kūpono ʻo kēia mau iʻa i nā kula, no laila, ʻelua mau pule ma mua o ka hala, e lawe ʻia nā kāne a pau mai nā wahine. I ka wā o kēia manawa, pono ke hānai pono ʻia nā mea āpau, e hoʻohana ana i ka hānai ola kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

E hana hou i ka Diamond Tetra, e hoʻohana i kahi ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale i kapa ʻia he lepo spawning. Pono e hana i nā ʻano kūpono no ka lōkohu i loko: nā mālamalama, ke kīʻaha mai ke komo ʻana o ka mālamalama i loko o ka aquarium i uhi ʻia me ka pepa, a ua waiho ʻia ka upena ma kahi haʻahaʻa (1-2 cm mai lalo) a i kanu ʻia me nā mea kanu (kaupaona ʻia me nā kaupaona), e like me ka moss Java . ^ E Ha yM. Pono ka wai o ka pahu o ka ʻōpala ma kahi paʻakikī o 1-5 0 dH, acidity pH 5.5-6.5 a me ke pāhana o 26-27 0 C.

Hoʻomaka ka hāmeʻe ʻana o Diamond Tetra i ke kakahiaka aʻe ma hope o ka pae ʻana i kahi mākeke liʻiliʻi. Ma hope koke o ka pau ʻana i ka hoʻolei ʻana o ka caviar, hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā mea hana (i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka caviar).

Hāpai ʻo Brisket Tetra Brilliantovaya ma hope o 36 mau hola, a ma hope o kekahi mau lā 4 hoʻomaka lākou e hānai iā lākou i ka infusoria, a laila me ka artplala nauplii.

Uʻakui pākaha: No kahi hipa liʻiliʻi, ʻōlelo ʻia kahi aquarium 80-120L.

Hoʻolaha ʻo Diamond Tetra: e hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pala, pono ke mālama iā lākou i nā ʻohana. Hōʻalo iā lākou me ka iʻa nui e hiki ke ʻai iā lākou.

Meaʻai / hānai no nā Diamond Tetras: Ma ka holoholona hihiu, ʻai lākou i ka me nā pepeke, nā pōpala a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Ma ka home, e ʻai lākou i nā paleki a maikaʻi ʻole. ʻOiai ke kāhiko lole wā maʻamau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka hānai ola a ʻai paha.

Nā maʻi o ka Diamond Tetra: nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama.

ʻLelo: pili ikaika ka iʻa a kokoke i lalo o ka iʻa.