ʻO Salvini cichlazoma (Cichlasoma salvini) i ke kūʻai ʻana aku iā ia i ka wā'ōpiopio, ʻo ia kahi iʻa hina, ua hoʻohuli iki. Akā e loli nā mea āpau i kona wā ʻelemakule, a laila ʻo ia he iʻa nani a nani a, ʻike ʻia i loko o ka hale aku a ke kau nei kona mau maka. He mau loko ʻia ʻo Salvini kekahi, e hiki ke ulu a hiki i 22 cm, akā liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi. E like me nā cichlids āpau, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia, no ka mea, he teritial. He mea hoʻohua kēia, a e ʻai ʻo ia i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, no laila pono ʻoe e mālama iā lākou i ka wā kaʻawale a me nā cichlids ʻē aʻe.
HE OLELO MAIKA
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Salvini cichlazoma e Gunther i ka makahiki 1862. Noho lākou i ʻAmelika Huipū, ma ke kūkulu hema ʻo Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala. Lawe ʻia mai lākou i nā moku'āina o Texas, Florida.
Noho ʻo Salvini cichlomas i nā muliwai me ka papa haʻahaʻa a ikaika, e hānai i nā mea ulaula, invertebrates a me ka iʻa. ʻAʻole e like me nā cichlids ʻē aʻe, hoʻopau ka salvins i ka hapanui o ko lākou manawa holoʻai ma nā wahi ākea o nā muliwai a me nā punawai, a ʻaʻole ma waho o ke kapakai ma waena o nā pōhaku a me nā ʻeke, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
NA PALAPALA HOOPII
Hoʻopili ke kino, ʻo ka oval i ke ʻano me ka muzzle koi. Ke kūlohelohe nei, ulu ka salvini i 22 cm, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka nui o ka nui o nā cichlids i Central America. I loko o ka aquarium, ua liʻiliʻi lākou, ma ka 15-18 cm. Me ka mālama maikaʻi, hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i ka 10-13 makahiki.
I nā iʻa ʻōpio a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa, he hina ke ʻano o ka hina o ke kino, akā i ka lōʻihi o kona manawa ua lilo i ʻano nani. He melemele ka salvini cichlazoma, akā hele ka ʻōpala ʻeleʻele i ka kaila melemele. Holo ka hoʻokahi holo ma ka ʻaoʻao waena o ke kino, a kahe ka lua i nā ʻāpana kaʻawale a hala i ka mua. ʻUlaʻula ka ʻōpū.
Koho KAHINA I KE KOA
Hiki ke kono ʻia ke Salvini tsikhlazoma no nā mea hoʻomoe holomua, no ka mea he mea paʻakikī loa nā mea hoʻomaka. He mau loko ʻino maikaʻi ʻole kēia a hiki ke noho i loko o nā loko iʻa liʻiliʻi, akā naʻe i ka manawa like a paʻakikī lākou i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Pono lākou i nā loli wai maʻamau a mālama pono.
NĀMANAE
ʻOiai ʻo salvini cichlazoma i manaʻo ʻia he iʻa omnivorous, ma ke ʻano maoli, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kikoʻī e hānai ana i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates. I ka i loko, ua ʻai lākou i nā ʻano ola a pau loa, ka ʻikikiki a me nā mea hānai like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu o ka hānai ʻana e lilo i meaʻai kūikawā no cichlids, a ma kahi ʻē aʻe e pono ai ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai ola - artemia, tubule, a me nā koko koko ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomanaʻo nui lākou i nā lau mea ʻala, e like me ka kōkala a i kahi spinach.
Ma ke kino
Ua hoʻākāka mua ʻia ʻo Salvini cichlazoma i ka makahiki 1862 e ka zoologist o Keleman i puka mai ʻo Albert Gunther. Noho kēia mau iʻa exotic i ka wai o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Ua hālāwai lākou ma Mekikoka, Honduras, Guatemala. Ua lawe ʻia aku lākou i ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia a hoʻolaha i nā mokuʻāina ʻo Texas a ma Florida.
Ua makemake ʻo Tsikhlazomas i nā kahe me nā papa ikaika a waena hoʻi. He poʻe wānana lākou a hānai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā invertebrates a me nā pepeke. ʻAʻole like me nā cichlases ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hūnā nā salvins i nā snags a me nā pōhaku, akā hoʻoikaika ikaika i nā wahi ākea.
ʻO keʻano
He aha ka mea like me ka cvlazoma e like ai? Hōʻike nā nā kiʻi i kahi iʻa aniani ākea pāpaʻi. Hiki i kahi cichlazoma ke ulu i kahi nui ākea - a hiki i 22 cm, akā maʻamau i loko o ka hale aquarium ʻaʻole hiki i ka lōʻihi a kū i ke kiʻekiʻe o 15-18 cm. E like me nā ʻohana a pau, he uō a me ka ikaika a salvini. Me ka mālama maikaʻi, hiki i nā makahiki 13 ke ola.
ʻAi ʻia ke kino o Salvini, oval, a me kona muzzle he koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā iʻa ʻōpio ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka wā ʻōpiopio he nondescript hina hina-ʻula. He kukui keʻokeʻo ka cichlazoma. He melele ka kala nui, akā ke kāʻei ʻeleʻele nā lōʻihi. Holo ka holo ʻōiwi e holo pololei ma ka laina waena o ke kino, ke kaʻa ʻia ka lua, ka heʻe i nā wahi ʻokoʻa ma ke kua a me ka hope o luna. ʻUlaʻula a me ke kala anal red.
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻikepili
No nā mea hoʻomaka aku, ʻo ka cichlazoma salvini e hikiʻole ke mālama, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e koi ana i nā ʻāpana wai. No ka mālama i hoʻokahi pāmole o ka salvini, pono ʻoe i ka hāpona wai he 200 lita. A inā makemake ʻoe e mālama iā lākou i ka ʻoihana me nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, a laila e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui i ka 2 mau manawa. A no laila, cichlase kahi pāneʻaleʻa e ulu nui, lilo lākou i kūlohelohe i ka wā spawning.
Hānai
I ke kūlohelohe, he cichlazoma salvini he mea hoʻohewa. Hoʻohana nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano i ka meaʻai ola - iʻa, invertebrates, nā pepeke. Me nā kiʻi i kūlohelohe, ua kālele ʻia ka salvini i ka mana nui, ʻoiai lākou e ʻoluʻolu e ʻai i nā ʻano mea like ʻole, ʻano hau aila a me ka mea ʻai.
ʻO ka meaʻai nui, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he meaʻai kūikawā no nā cichlids. Eia nō naʻe, he mea maʻamau e hāʻawi i ka ʻai a i ʻole nā mea ola - kahe koko, ke coronet, tubule, artemia, nā ʻōpala a me nā huaʻī palaka. Pono ʻoe e hoʻoikaika i ka iʻa me ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo - spinach, lettuce, dandelion, kōpala, zucchini a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe aloha i kā lākou mau holoholona iʻa i nā kai aʻai, ke kai ola a me nā huki.
Ua ʻōlelo aku nā poʻe loiloi, no ka noho kūpono ʻana, pono kekahi o nā cichlases i ka mana o 200 lita a i ʻole. I loko o kahi mākia nui hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kekahi mau kanaka, e hoʻohui ana i ka 30-40 lita wai o kēlā me kēia. Hiki i kekahi lepo ke hoʻohana, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke lawe i nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā pahu granite. E kanu i nā mea kanu me nā aʻa ikaika, pono ʻoe i kahi papa o ka lepo mai 8 cm.
Ma ka lalo o ka aku aku, pono e kau ʻia nā pale a me nā grottoes i hana ʻia i nā pōhaku a me nā alona. ʻO kēia mau mea nani e lilo i puʻuwai no kahi iʻa i makemake ʻia e hūnā mai ka mea hoʻopihapiha. Hoʻopau pinepine nā cichlids i nā mea kanu, akā mālama pono nā salvins iā lākou.
Pono nā lāʻau kanu i kahi aʻa ikaika ikaika. No ka mea, he kūpono nā cryptocorins, echinodorus, pinnacle, wallisneria, elodea. ʻAʻole koi nā Cichlids i ka mana o ka wai. Kāohi - 24-26 kūloko, acidity - 7-8.5 pH, paʻakikī, - mai ka 5 a 20 ° dH.
ʻAʻole makemake ka cichlazoma o Salvini i ka ʻālamalama nui a me ka makemake i nā hale pale e pale ʻia mai ka mālamalama nui o nā kukui o luna. Inā ʻoe e hoʻonoho i nā kukui ikaika loa i loko o ka uhi, a laila e hoʻopau ka iʻa i nā manawa āpau ma nā hale pale a ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae iā lākou i ko lākou ʻulaʻula māmā. E lawa ka mana o nā kukui uila o nā ʻāpana 0.3 nānā i kēlā me kēia lita o ka wai.
Pono ke kānana a me ka hoʻohuihui, pono ka wai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka oxygen. I kēlā me kēia pule, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka 20% o ka wai a me ka siphon i ka lepo.
Kūlike
ʻO wai e hele pū me salvini cichlazoma? Hoʻohālikelike ka hana kūpono ʻana o kēia iʻa iʻa, e like me nā cichlids ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole kūpono loa ʻo Salvini no ka noho ʻana ma ka hale kai maʻamau. ʻAʻole hiki i ko lākou hoalauna ke lilo iʻa liʻiliʻi - guppies, neons, rappings or shrimps. ʻO nā Cichlids kahi mea e ʻike ai i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi āpau e like me ka meaʻai.
ʻO Cichlids kekahi teritori, ka mea e koho ai i kā lākou pūnaewele a mālama pono iā ia mai nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Akā, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike ʻia he mau poʻe hoʻokūkū i nā loko iʻa kūʻai a me nā ipeke. Hiki iā ia ke pili i ka salvini i kona mau hoahānau - nā cichlids o nā kaila meli ke'ōleʻele, ka hoʻokuan, akomi.
Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aquarium. E lilo kēia i mea nui nui i ka wā spawning, i ka manawa e mālama pono ai nā kāne i ko lākou pūnaewele. ʻO kahi lehulehu o nā pāla, kahi wahi no ka ʻauʻau a me ka nui o ka hānai e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana.
ʻAno hānau
Pehea e hoʻihoʻi ai i ka cichlazoma salvini? Hoʻomaka ka hana hou ma ka wā i hōʻea ai ka iʻa i ka makahiki o 10-12 mau mahina. ʻOiai i nā wā'ōpiopio, ua hūnā ʻia nā ʻaelike mau. Hiki i nā spawning ke kū i ʻelua ma ke pala a me ka pākana nui, inā ua lawa kekahi nui.
I ka wā spawning, lilo nā kāne i ka manawa a hilahila hoʻi i ka manawa like. ʻO ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make o nā mamo a me nā mākua. ʻOi aku ka hale hoʻonaʻauao 100 100 i lawa no ka pīhoihoi. Ma ka lalo e pono ai nā hale he nui, nā grottoes. Hoʻopuka ka spawning i ka hoʻololi o ka wai a me ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka mahana o 2-4 tikelī.
Ma luna o kahi pōhaku kūpono, e hōʻailona ana ka wahine i nā hua he 500, a i loko o 3 mau lā e kū mai ana nā lālani. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka moa i ka lehu ola, brine udala nauplii, tubule ʻoki ʻia. I ka lāʻau kanu ulu ulu, pono ke kūpono i ka 26 kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā paʻahao. Inā hele ka spawning i kahi kaola maʻamau, a laila e nānā nā mākua i ka hua.
He loko maikaʻi nā Salvini cichlazoma me ka manaʻo hoihoi a me nā kala hoʻi. Pono ʻo ia i kahi hāpana ākea me ka nui o nā wahi e me ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻIke maikaʻi ka motley cichlazoma i kahi o ke kāʻei o nā mākaʻu ʻōpala a me nā mea kanu lāʻau.
E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Salvini cichlazoma e Gunther i ka makahiki 1862. Noho lākou i ʻAmelika Huipū, ma ke kūkulu hema ʻo Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala. Lawe ʻia mai lākou i nā moku'āina o Texas, Florida.
Noho ʻo Salvini cichlomas i nā muliwai me ka papa haʻahaʻa a ikaika, e hānai i nā mea ulaula, invertebrates a me ka iʻa.
ʻAʻole e like me nā cichlids ʻē aʻe, hoʻopau ka hake i ka hapanui o ko lākou manawa i ka holo ʻana i ka pā ākea o nā muliwai a me nā punawai, a ʻaʻole no ke kahakai i waena o nā pōhaku a me nā ʻeke, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Aʻikepili i ka ʻike
Hiki ke kono ʻia ke Salvini tsikhlazoma no nā mea hoʻomoe holomua, no ka mea he mea paʻakikī loa nā mea hoʻomaka.
He mau loko ʻino maikaʻi ʻole kēia a hiki ke noho i loko o ka hale liʻiliʻi, akā i ka manawa like a hikiʻole i ia i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Pono lākou i nā loli wai maʻamau a mālama pono.
Loaʻa nā hoʻololi
ʻO ke kāne salvini cichlazoma ʻokoʻa i ka wahine ʻokoʻa nui, ʻoi aku ka nui. He lōʻihi aku a me nā kaha hou.
Ua liʻiliʻi ka wahine, a ʻo ka mea nui loa, loaʻa iā ia kahi wahi maka ma lalo o ka uhi uhi uhi, ʻaʻole pono nā kāne.
Wahine (ʻike maopopo mau ʻia ma ke kahe)
Mea ʻai
Hōʻike i ka iʻa karnivorous. Ke kūlohelohe nei, e hānai ana i nā invertebrates aquatic a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ma loko o ka aquarium, e lawe i nā ʻano momona a pau loa. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻonaninani ʻia ka ʻai me nā meaʻai a i ʻole ke kala ʻana, e like me ke kahe koko a i ʻole ka hulahula.
ʻO ka nui o ka momona o ka mea i loko o kahi i hoʻokahi a i ʻole he mau iʻa i hoʻomaka mai ka 100 lita. I ka hoʻolālāʻana, pono ia e hoʻolako no kekahi mau wahi malu kahi e hūnā ai ʻo Cichlazoma Salvini. Kūpono kahi substrate maʻamau. Hāpai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kanu aku, akā ʻo ko lākou helu e pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia a pale aku i ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Pono nā iʻa i nā wahi ʻole no ka ʻauʻau.
Ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻana, pili i nā mea nui, ʻo ka mea nui: ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana paʻa o ka wai kūpono me ka pH a me ka dGH, ka mālama maʻamau ʻana o ka aquarium (hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia,) a me ka wiki o kahi wai o ka wai (20-25% o ka nui) me ka hou.
Nā maʻi ʻona
ʻO ke kumu nui loa o nā maʻi kūpono ʻole nā kūlana kūpono ʻole a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka meaʻai. Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā ʻokoʻa wai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ʻona (ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, etc.), inā pono, hoʻihoʻi hou i nā hōʻailona ma ka maʻamau a laila e hoʻomau ʻia me ka mālama ʻana. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana, e ʻike i ka maʻa ʻo Aquarium Fish Diseases.
Koi a hoʻohui
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka iʻa i ka makahiki. Ma muli o ke kaʻina o ka hana he hiki nō ma waena o kēlā mau mea i koho i kēlā me kēia ma ke ʻano he male i ko lākou "ʻōpio", no laila e ʻōlelo ai. I mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka pīkī, pono:
- e hoʻolilo i ka wai i ka hapalua wai i hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma,
- kau i kahi pālahalaha i loko o ka pahu kahi e kiola ʻia ai nā caviar.
- waiho i nā papa he nui i loko o ka aquarium.
Ma hope o ka hānai ʻana o ka wahine i ka hua, hānai ke kāne iā ia. Holo ʻia nā wā kanu ʻana i ʻekolu mau lā, ma hope o ke ʻano ʻana o ke kō. ʻO nā lā ʻehiku mua ua hānai ʻia lākou nāplani, a laila he tubule, holoi holoi a ʻokiʻoki ʻia. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka iʻa he ʻano maʻalahi.
I ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā mākua e hōʻike i ka hoʻouka kaua i nā "keiki", pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā keiki. I ka manawa like, e noho ana ka wahine a me ke kāne i kekahi mau lā i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻomaha mai kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole ia e lohi i ka manawa hoʻomaha, no ka mea e hoʻomaka ka palupalu me ka manaʻo ʻole o kā lākou kāne.
ʻO nā maʻi a me kā lākou pale ʻana
Ke ola maikaʻi nei ka Salvini cichlomas. ʻO ke kumu nui no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā maʻi like ʻole i nā kūlana kūpono ʻole o ka paʻa. ʻO ka hoʻokae ʻana me nā lula mālama mālama āpau kahi nui i ka ʻoi aku i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi. Inā piʻo ke kūlana o ka iʻa, pono ke nānā pono i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a hoʻomau me ka mālama ʻana.