ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ka manawaleʻa o kā mākou moʻolelo i kēia lā i kahi holoholona hoihoi. No ka lehulehu, ʻo ka hyena manawaleʻa e hoʻokūkū i nā hui like ʻole. ʻO kēia no ke ʻano o ka holoholona, a me ke ala e loaʻa ai ka ʻai. Akā ʻaʻole maopopo ka poʻe a pau e kākau inoa ʻia ka hyena beled i loko o ka Red Book i mea holoholona, helu nui ʻo ia ka helu.
Ma kēia atikala e haʻi mākou iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā hyenas, nā hiʻohiʻona a lākou e ʻike ai i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Striped Hyena Pākuʻe
He kumu kūmaha kēia o ka ʻohana liʻiliʻi hyena. ʻO nā ʻano manu wale no ka ʻohana i loaʻa ma waho o ʻAmelika. Hoʻomaka ʻia ma ʻApelika ʻAmelika, ʻAsia, e kū ana mai ke Kaiʻula a hiki i ka Pae o Bengal. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ua hoʻokele kaʻaole i ka hyena i Asia ma ka hakakā no ka waiwai nui - ka ʻai. Loaʻa ia ma Central a me North-Western India, ma ke kūkulu hema e hoʻemi ana ka heluna kanaka a i ʻole hana ma Ceylon, akā, ma nā ʻāina e moe ana ma ka hikina.
Ma Aferika, ke hema o ka Sahara, ua loaʻa kekahi ʻano hyena, akā ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā māhele e hoʻopau i ka nui o nā holoholona. Aia nō i ka hikina a me Turkey hema, Pakistan, Iran, Nepal, Afghanistan, ka Arabian Peninsula, a hiki aku i Dzungaria a me Tibet. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻĀkau o kona wahi noho ʻia nā mauna Kopetdag (Turkmenistan) a me nā ʻupena o ke Kipa nui. Loaʻa nā ʻona kūʻono kiʻi o nā Caucasus i Lūkia i nā ʻaoʻao hema loa o Dagestan. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e noho mau loa ma laila, a hele wale kekahi manawa i ka Terek mai Azerbaijan.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka hyena manamana, hiki ke loaʻa i nā puke he nui no nā mea aloha holoholona, hōʻike ʻo ia he holoholona nui ia i ka lōʻihi o ke kino pōkole, puʻupuʻu a pākaha. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā wāwae hind. Puhū ʻia ka hiʻu a hoʻopau ʻia. ʻAno pinepine ka lole, paʻakikī a koʻikoʻi.
Nui ka nui i ke poʻo a ākea ka laulā, pālua ka muzzle, nui nā pepeiao, a pili pono i nā kihi. ʻO nā kalona he Striped ka mea nona nā kahu o ka ikaika loa i waena o nā mommals - ua piʻi ko lākou ikaika i ke kanalima pākeke i hoʻokahi centimeter square.
Ma ke kua o ka himeni he kūpaʻo, ʻeleʻele hoʻi, ʻo ia ka lauoho o ke lauoho loloa. I ka pōpilikia, ala ʻo ia i luna o ka mane a me ka manawa like ʻo ka mea hoʻopuka ka mea i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kona kiʻekiʻe.
12.01.2019
ʻO hyena Striped (lat. Hyaena hyaena) - kekahi o nā lālā ola ʻelua o ka ʻohana Hyena (Hyaenidae) a noho i waho o ʻApelika. ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻano i ʻike ʻia e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature e pili kokoke ana i kahi kūlana kūpaʻa. Ua kuhi ʻia ka heluna heluna o 5-14 tausani kanaka. Ma ka nui o nā wahi i noho ʻia, ʻāʻea loa ka holoholona.
I loko o ʻAigupita kahiko, ua kanu ʻia nā mea ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia no ka huli ʻana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi e momona a ʻai ʻia. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ma nā frescoes i ka hale kupapaʻu o ka aliʻi aliʻi kahiko o Mereruki, i ʻike ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Sakkara, 30 km hema a Kairo.
He mamala a hoʻomohala kēia mammal a maʻalahi hoʻi ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wā e noʻonoʻo ana i kona mau ʻano psychophysiological. I waena o nā lāhui he nui, kaulana ia a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka huahana o nā mea haumia.
Ma India, ua kūʻai ʻia ka ʻōlelo hemena ma kahi ʻoi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa anti-tumor a hoʻohana ʻia ka momona i ka mālama ʻana i ka rheumatism. Ma Afghanistan, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kona kino e hana i nā ʻulā.
Kahele
Loaʻa ka noho ma kēia ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hikina, Komohana a me Central Asia, a ma ka ʻākoakoa o India. Loaʻa ka hyena striped i nā wahi ākea me kahi maloʻo maloʻo a maloʻo paha a i hoʻoulu ʻia me nā pua sparse. Hōʻalo kēia i nā nahele a me nā wao nahele, ʻoiai he mau liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi i loko o ke kaona o ka Sahara a me nā Penia Arabian.
Ma ʻIseraʻela a me Algeria, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka holoholona kokoke i nā wahi noho. ʻAʻole makaʻu i nā kānaka a, hopu ʻia i ka wā ʻōpio, maʻalahi maʻalahi ka paʻapū.
Ma Pakistan, ʻike ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe o 3300 m, a ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ʻAitiopa a hiki i ka 2200 m ma mua o ke kai, ʻoiai ke koho ʻo ia i nā wahi haʻahaʻa no kona wahi. I kēia wā, ʻike ʻia nā subspecies 5. Noho ka poʻe subspecies ma India. ʻAmelika Hema H.h. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka barbara i nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe āpau.
ʻAno lawehala
Hoʻokipa nā hyamen i ke anu i ka mahana a pale i nā wahi kahi i kū ai ke anuanu ma mua o 80 mau lā. Nānā lākou i nā wahi kahi i ka hala o ka ea wela ma lalo -15 ° C. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā wailua semi-desert a me nā savannas shrub.
He haʻahaʻa loa ka lahui. ʻAʻole ia e oi aku i nā holoholona makua he 2-3 no kēlā me kēia 100 mau kilomika square.
Hōʻike ka hana i ka pō. I ka wā e ua nui ai nā holoholona a me nā ao pohō ke hele aku e hānai i kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi i ke ahiahi ahiahi. I ke ao, hoʻomaha lākou ma nā hale paʻakai, ka ʻoka o nā pōhaku a i ʻole ke kahakaha iho ʻana i nā lua kai me ke aniani o kahi e pili ana i 70 cm a me ka lōʻihi a hiki i 5 m.
He laulā nā pilina pili ʻana. Hiki i nā lālā o kēia ʻano ke noho ma nā ʻohana a i ʻole nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi, akā e alakaʻi pinepine ʻia i ka nohona kuokoa. Ma Kenya, ʻae nā wahine i ka polyandry, e noho ana ma ka home like me ʻelua a ʻekolu paha kāne. ʻO nā ʻelele wahine, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, kūleʻa ikaika i ko lākou ʻano iho.
ʻO ka wahi hopu o kekahi kanaka hoʻokahi, me ka manaʻo ʻole o ke kāne, ma waena ka 44 a 82 mau mika square. km Kohu ʻia nā mea nona ko lākou mau palena me ka ʻōlelo huna o nā kola anal. Loaʻa i kahi kala melemele a beige paha a hoʻopili ʻia i nā pōhaku a i kahi lāʻau lāʻau.
Ke hui nei me nā ʻohana kamaliʻi, ulu kekahi holoholona ulu huhū, hoʻāla i kona hiʻu a me ka lauoho ma kona kua e hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻenemi me kona nui. Inā hele mai i kahi hakakā, hoʻoikaika nā duelists e huki i kahi hoa kū ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā wāwae. Hōʻike ka mea lanakila i kona noi no ke aloha me ka hiu a me kona poʻo i lalo, me ka hoʻopili i kona kino i ka lepo.
Ke hui pū ʻia nā lālā o kahi pūʻulu, hōʻike lākou i ko lākou hoa aloha e ka nānā ʻana i nā lehelehe anal a kuʻi ko lākou mau wāwae i kekahi, e kāʻei ana i kā lākou huelo i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe. Noho mālie ka hālāwai, he nui nā leo o nā holoholona, ua palena wale i kahi screech palupalu. ʻAʻole ka ʻae o ka idiotic heʻano ʻano i kahi hyena (Crocuta crocuta) i kā lākou waihona.
Mea ʻai
I ka papa ʻai o ke kalena hani mauʻa i makemake ʻia. ʻAi lākou i nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā mea ʻoniʻoni me nā koena o ka ʻai o nā mea kai ʻē aʻe. ʻAi lākou ʻaʻole wale i ka ʻiʻo, akā ua uhaʻi hoʻi i nā iwi, nā ʻūhā a me nā pu me nā mea ikaika nui. ʻIke ʻia nā kino e ka ʻohu, mahalo i kahi ʻano ulu maikaʻi o nā ʻono.
Me ka hui pū ʻana o nā kūlana, hoʻopili nā scavengers iā lākou iho me nā hua manu manu a me nā mea i hoʻopiha ʻia ma nā manu, nā mea reptile, nā rodents a me nā mea inikona. ʻO kā lākou papa papaa ka hua a me nā mea kanu. I nā wahi kahakai, ua lele ʻia ka iʻa a i ʻole ka lawaiʻa moana. Ma kahi kokoke i nā hale noho kanaka, makemake lākou e rummage i loko o nā ʻōpala a hele a ʻoliʻoli i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana.
I ka huli ʻana o ka meaʻai, ua uhi ʻia ka mamao o 7 a 27 km.
Hiki i nā Hyenas ke inu i ka wai paʻakai, akā e hoʻāʻo e pale i ka makewai me nā lā a i ʻole ka ʻoliva. I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka hoʻokūkū pono ʻole, mālama pinepine lākou i nā kalaka i ko lākou mau pā.
ʻAno hānau
Hyaena hyaena ʻōpiopio a puni ka makahiki a ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ia i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka wahine male wahine a me ka wahine i male pinepine me nā hoa pili. Puberty i ka makahiki 24-36 mau mahina, akā hoʻomaka nā kāne i hānau ma hope hope, i ka wā e lanakila ai lākou i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
Noho ka wahine hāpai 90-92 mau lā. Hānau ka wahine i kahi lua mai ka 2 a 6 ka makapō a me nā kuli. I ka wā hānau ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka hulu brown a i ke kaumaha a 600-700 g. Aia nā maka i loko o 5-9 mau lā.
ʻO nā pēpē ʻelua mau wikiō mua e puka me kā lāua lua a ʻike i ka honua a puni lākou.
I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, hoʻomaka lākou e pāʻani i ka pāʻani ikaika a hoʻāʻo i ka meaʻai paʻa. Noho ka waiū hānai a hiki i 2 mau mahina. Hoʻohana paʻa nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ke hui i ko lākou hānai ʻana. Hōʻike ʻia kēlā mālama no kahi makahiki hoʻokahi. Hōʻike ka males e hōʻike i nā manaʻo paternal a me ka hanauna ʻōpio a hoʻomanawanui i ka hoʻopunipuni a kā lākou keiki.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 65-90 cm, a me ka huelo 25-33 cm. ʻO ka paona 26-41 kg. Aia kahi kiʻekiʻe ma ka pūnāwai 66-75 cm. Ua lōlihi ʻia nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Hoʻololi ʻole ka moekolohe maoli i ka nui. He lōʻihi, ʻōlō ka lauulu. Ma nā poʻohiwi, hiki i kahi mane hina a ʻeleʻele hina hoʻi ka lōʻihi a hiki i 20 cm. Hoʻalo ia mai nā pepeiao i ka kua. Hoʻopili a hāpiki ke poʻo.
ʻEleʻele ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo a me ka muzzle. Pono loa nā pepeiao, kuhikuhi a ʻōlohi. Hoʻonohonoho ka laulā nui i ke aniani hina a hiki i ke kala melemele, mai elima a ʻeiwa mau ʻanuʻu ākea ke alo i nā ʻaoʻao.
Nui nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i nā wāwae. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā forelimb i nā wāwae hind. Ma nā wāwae, 4 mau manamana lima. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou me nā puki palaka ʻaʻole i ka haʻalele.
ʻO 20 mau makahiki paha ke ola ola o kahi hyena.
Makemake wau e ʻike i nā mea āpau
Noho ka Hyenas ma waena o ʻAmelika, ka Middle East a me India. ʻOiai ke kaulana ʻia nā hyenas he mea lawehala, ʻo kekahi o nā mea kaukau a mākaukau maikaʻi ʻia no kā lākou ʻano.
Ua ulu ʻo Hyenas i ko lākou ʻano i kēia manawa i ka hopena o Miocene (9 ± 3 miliona mau makahiki i hala). No ka ʻohana Viverra ko lākou mau kūpuna, a ʻo nā mea mua o nā ʻano hyena like me Viverra, a he civet paha. Ma kēlā ʻanu e hoʻoulu ai, he mau niho ikaika ko lākou hiki ke huki i kahi iwi. A i kēia lā, ʻo nā niho nā ʻano he nui ia o nā ʻano o nā mea i kau ʻia. Ma ka ʻO Pleistocene, i hoʻomaka ma kahi o 2 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, aia kekahi holoholona i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hanohano ana. ʻElua ʻelua i ka nui o ka nui o nā moʻoi ola nui.
ʻO Kumi hyena ka nui a me ka maʻamau i Africa. He ʻokoʻa nā noho ʻana o kona wahi - nā wao nahele, nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā nahele ma ʻElepika Hema o ka Sahara, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o ka ʻaoʻao hema a me Congo Basin. ʻElua mau ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā hyenas i noho i ka ʻāina hoʻokahi. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka hulu o ka hulu o ka hyena, kūleʻa a ʻulaʻula paha a me nā hiʻu ʻulaʻula me nā wahi ʻeleʻele o kona ʻano. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻo o nā wāwae wāwae a me ka ʻū a me nā muzzle ʻeleʻele a he ʻeleʻele paha, a ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā poʻohiwi he pōkole pōkole.
Noho ʻo Brown hyena i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, akā e hiki ke ola i loko o kahi āpau. Ua loaʻa ia ma ka wao nahele, i nā wahi i ulu nui ʻia me nā mauʻu a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, ma ka ululāʻau a me ke kahakai o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o kona kao ʻulaʻula a keu i ke kīnena polū. Hoʻāno nui loa ia ma nā poʻohiwi a ma hope. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hyena ma mua o ia mau mea.
ʻO ka hyena beled - ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā mau ʻekolu - e noho i ka ʻākau o kona mau hoahānau. Ua makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻāina i ka hikina a me ʻAmelika Hema, ka Middle East, Arabia, India a me ke kūkulu hema o nā Soviet Union. ʻAʻole paʻa ka mamao i kahi K) km mai ka wai. He poʻo hina a he hina paha, he duck a he shaggy, me ke kāʻei pale poloka a he peʻeluʻo, a ma ke kua he mane koʻikoʻi a hiki i 20 cm ka lōʻihi.
Aia nā poʻomanaʻo āpau ma luna o ke kua o ke kino, ʻaʻole i ka ʻaukā kahi ʻolua e like me ka lepo, akā ma kahi pā nui. He boke o ka hoʻokoloke ʻo lākou no ka mea he pacers. I nā ʻekihikena i haki ʻia, ua puʻupuʻu ʻia nā pepeiao, a i ke aniani a me nā kaula - kuhikuhi.
ʻOiai hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia nā honu i ke ao, ʻoiai lākou ka ikaika o ke kakahiaka a me ka pōʻeleʻele, a i ka lā makemake lākou e hoʻomaha ma loko o ka lua a i ʻole kokoke. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hale o kahi hamena me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻuā o nā holoholona ʻē, a i ʻole ke ʻimi ʻia kahi wahi i waena o nā pali a i ka nahele. Hoʻopaʻa loa ʻo Hyenas i ko lākou ʻāina, e kiaʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke ana, a e noʻonoʻo pū i kā lākou wahi lono nui. Hiki i ka nui o kēia pūnaewele ke ʻano nui, hilinaʻi lākou i ka nui a me ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai. Hoʻomaka ʻo Hyenas i nā palena o ka palena o ka ʻāina i kālai ʻia mai nā kihi anal a me nā kinima momona i waena o nā manamana wāwae, a me nā urine a me nā feces. ʻO ka ʻōhumu momona ākea i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka hyena brown. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i ʻelua mau mea huna - ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, ka mea e hōʻailona nei i ka mauʻu mauʻu.
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻoni pāleʻa paha ka meaʻoi loa o ka pili o nā hyenas a pau. Noho lākou i nā hui nui, a i ʻole nā ʻohana, kahi hiki i 80 a mau kanaka. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, he ʻohana he 15 mau holoholona. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hyena wahine ma mua o ke kāne a noho i kahi kūlana hoʻonani, loaʻa pinepine i waena o ka poʻe predator.
Eia eia kekahi liʻiliʻi o nā huki mai Peter Hugo (hānau ʻia i 1976 a hānai ʻia ma Cape Town, South Africa). ʻO ia kahi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi ma Aferika Hema nāna i kālaiʻike nui i nā kiʻi, a pili kāna hana i nā moʻomeheu moʻomeheu o nā kaiāulu Aferika. Ua kapa ia ʻo Hugo iā ia iho "he kiʻi paʻi kiʻi politika me ka leka liʻiliʻi p." ʻO kekahi o nā hana kaulana loa o kēia kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ʻo ia ka hana "Hyenas a me kekahi Nāwahī". No kahi kiʻi o kahi kāne me kahi hyena, loaʻa iā Hugo kahi makana i ka "Portraits" kategorya ma ka 2005 World Press Photo Contest.
ʻO Mallam Mantari Lamal me Mainasara. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
ʻO Abdullah Muhammad me Mainasar Hyena ma Oger Remo, Nigeria. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
ʻO Mallam Mantari Lamal me Mainasara. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
ʻO Mammy Ahmad a me Mallam Mantari Lamal me Mainasara hyena. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
ʻO Mallam Galadima Ahmad me Jamis i Abuja, Nigeria. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
ʻO Mallam Mantari Lamal me Mainasara. (Kiʻi ʻo Pieter Hugo)
He mea paʻakikī loa ka hana aloha no ka wahine a me nā makahiki āpau - hoʻāla ʻo kēlā me kēia holoholona i kāna wāwae hind i hiki ai i kekahi ke honi i kāna ʻōpū. Hoʻopau pū lākou i nā lewa a me nā leo ʻē aʻe, a kahi wale nō e ʻohi wale i ka pepeiao o ke kanaka. He leo leo kūʻokoʻa a Hyenas, hiki ke lohe ʻia no kekahi mau kilomita. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia kahi hyena makaʻaka no ka hoʻōho ʻana e like me ka ʻakaʻaka. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo brown hyenas i kahi ola ʻē aʻe. Noho lākou i nā ʻohana o 4-6 pākahi, a huli wale. Me kahi hōʻailona aloha o ka salamena, hāwau pū kekahi me nā poʻo, ke poʻo a me ke kino, ʻoiai ke hoʻomohala nei i kā lākou mane, akā ke ʻano nei lākou i nā leo anane.
Mea ʻai
A hiki i kēia manawa, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nā manuahi a pau a hānai i nā koena o nā kino holoholona i pepehi ʻia e nā mea ʻē aʻe. Huli ka mea, no ia lele kikoʻī, ma muli o kona ʻike maka maikaʻi loa, ke ʻano maikaʻi o ka ʻono, a no hoʻi ka nohona kūwaho, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea akamai a me ka weliweli loa.
Hiki i ka hyena kikooho ke kiʻea wale aku, akā hahai pinepine ia i ka waiwai i loko o ka ʻohana. Loaʻa ka Hyenas i ka wikiwiki a hiki i ka 65 km / h a no laila hiki iā lākou ke hopu me nā holoholona e like me ka zebra a me wildebeest. Hopu lākou i ka mea ʻeha e nā wāwae a i ʻole nā ʻaoʻao a hoʻopaʻa iā ia i kahi make a hiki i kona hāʻule ʻana. A laila e hoʻomoʻi ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa a ʻuwelu maoli iā ia. Hiki i kahi hyena keʻai i 15 kg oʻa i ka noho. ʻO ka pinepine loa, ke alualu nei lākou i nā antelope ma hope koke o kā lākou mau mika, no ka mea he maʻalahi nā pēpē.
ʻO ka iwi ʻānō o kahi hyena mokulele, ʻo ia kekahi o ka ikaika i waena o nā mea āpau āpau. Me lākou, hiki iā ia ke hoʻowalewale i ka leona a me ka tiger a maʻalahi ʻalā i nā iwi nui o ka puaʻa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka papa hana ʻāpana o ka hyena i ka ʻaina ʻana o nā iwi. Ke keʻokeʻo ko lākou mau iwi ʻōpū ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium o nā iwi i ʻai.
ʻO ka ʻai o ka hyena hānai i kau ʻia i ka nohona a me ka wā. Ka papa ʻōlelo hyena e pili pū ana me nā manu, nā leona, nā leopona, nā elepani, nā buffalos a me nā ʻano o nā anelope e noho ana i kā lākou wahi, a me nā mea inikini, nā reptile a me kekahi mau mauʻu. ʻAi lākou i kekahi kalapu i hana ʻia ma ke ala, a ʻeli lākou i loko o ka ʻōpala e kokoke ana i kahi noho kanaka.Aia mau ka nui o nā mea noi no ka mea i make, no laila e haehae nā holoholona i kahi nui loa e loa i ke kino a holo aku me ia mea i ʻole e haehae kekahi i nā iʻa mai ko lākou mau niho.
Hoʻohana lākou i ka kalima, ke nānā nei me ke kōkua o ke ʻano o ka ʻala. Holo lākou i kēlā me kēia ma nā pālua. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā keiki hipa a me nā keiki, lilo lākou i pio. ʻO kā lākou ʻai ua komo pū ʻia nā huaʻōlelo, nā hua, nā hua a me nā mea kanu. Inā loaʻa ka hyena i kahi nui, hiki iā ia ke pue nui i kahi ʻāpana nui aʻe a hūnā iā ia ma kahi nalo kahi e ʻai ai i ka wā aʻe.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻi nā brown hyenas i nā iʻa make a me nā holoholona moana make.
ʻO ka manawa e pau ai ka mauʻu i ka hopu a ʻimi i ka meaʻai e hilinaʻi nei i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. Ke hoʻopau nei nā brown hyenas i nā hola he 10 a i ʻole i ka lā e ʻohi ai i ka meaʻai.
Manaʻo Hyenas i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, akā naʻe, ʻo ka helu ka nui o nā pēpē i hānau ma waena o ʻAukake a me Ianuali. Pākuʻi ʻia ʻo hyenas me nā lālā o kā lākou moʻoʻōlelo, a no nā kolikā brown, kahi mākena kāne hele kāne me kahi wahine e noho ana ma kahi hui i hālāwai me ia ma ke ala. ʻO ka hapaiʻana i kahi hyena brown e kū i ka lā 110 lā. ʻO ka litter ka pinepine o nā pēpē ʻelua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pēpē i kahi lua - he lua nui ma kahi ākea i uhi ʻia i ka mauʻu (kahi ʻāpana o ia ʻano ʻike i ʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi). ʻEkoakoa nā mau wahine i hoʻokahi lua a hoʻohui pū i nā hua. ʻAʻole e like me nā loiloi āpau, hānau ʻia nā pēpēʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele me nā maka ākea. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa nā niho. Inā pono, hiki i ka pipi ke holo i ka manawa ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pēpē āpau ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o hoʻokahi wahine a ʻelua paha. Hiki mai lākou i ka ʻona o ka honua i hiki i ka makuahine ke hānai iā lākou i ka waiū, akā no nā kumu palekana ʻaʻole lākou i waiho i ka lua a hiki i ka 8 ʻehā makahiki lākou. I kēia makahiki, hele lākou me ko lāua makuahine no ka hopu ʻana a i ʻole e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole lawe ʻo Hyenas i kā lākou mea pio ma kahi lua e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻolaha ke loaʻa i ka wahi i uhi ʻia e ka ʻohu ikaika o ke pau. Hōʻike nā kiko ma 4 mahina. I hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa, ʻo ka ʻōpī ua “hoʻomoʻa ʻia”.
I nā koleni weliweli a me ke kala ʻana, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka lā gestation - 90 lā. ʻO ka ʻekena brownena he ʻelua ʻōpio mau, nā māka - no ʻelima. I nā ʻano ʻelua, hānau ʻia nā pēlē a wili a pale ʻole ʻia, ke kaʻakaʻa nei ko lāua mau maka ma hope o nā pule ʻelua. I nā hui ʻohana o nā polikona ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole wale ka makuahine, akā ʻo kekahi o nā wahine hānai i ka pēpē me ka waiū. Ma hope o ka huli ʻana i nā pēpē i ʻekolu mau malama, e lawe nā ʻohana a pau i ka meaʻai ma ka lua.
I ka hopena o ka makahiki mua, hoʻōki ka makuahine i ka hānai i nā haumāna me ka waiū, akā no kekahi mau mahina ke noho nei lākou i ka ʻohana.
I ka hapa mua o ka makahiki XX. ua manaʻo ʻia nā holi he mea pōʻino no ka poʻe noho o nā wahi i hoʻopukapuka ʻia, a luku ʻia. Ua aneane hoʻopau ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka hema o ka hema o ʻApelika Hema. Mahalo i ka ʻuʻina kulu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka kai i nā kai, kāhea ʻia nā hyenas i kūleʻa hou aku i ka pale ʻana i ke kanaka a ʻoi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻelua, a ua hoʻomau ma nā helu nui.
Paleka i nā poli ʻalani a me nā manamana i nā ʻāina he nui i ka palena o ka pau ʻana. Hoʻopau loa ke kanaka iā lākou no ka mea, e hōʻino lākou i kāna ʻohana. ʻO kekahi kumu nui no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano koina i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻāina hou e nā kānaka a me ka hoʻokūkū me nā ʻano ʻōpiopio like ʻole - nā kled hyenas
Pēlā i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Aristotle e pili ana i kēia holoholona: "He hopohopo lākou ʻAʻole loa i loaʻa iā Alfred Brem nā ʻōlelo lokomaikaʻi no lākou:
"He nui nā holoholona nui i like nā moʻolelo e like me nā hyena ... Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka like ʻana o ko lākou leo e like me ka ʻakaʻaka satanic? No laila e ʻike pono ua ʻakaʻaka ʻo ka diabolo iā lākou. Ua hana nui lākou.
Ua kākau ʻo Elian, ka mea kākau o nā hana "Kōkua Kuhi" a "Ma ke ʻano o nā holoholona hihiu,": I ka mahina piha, huli ka hope i ka mālamalama, no laila e lele pū ka pale o nā ʻīlio. Koi ʻia lākou ma ka pāuli, kīleʻa lākou, ʻaʻole hiki ke leo leo, akā lawe ka pua a ʻai iā lākou. "
He "ʻoluʻolu a Pliny" iā lākou, ua manaʻo ʻo ia i ka hyena he holoholona maikaʻi maikaʻi, me ka manaʻo nui e hiki ai ke kolo ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai loko mai (lawe ʻo Pliny i kahi ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa).
ʻO ia ʻo Ernest Hemingway, ka mea i maopopo i ka maʻamau o nā holoholona like ʻole, ʻike wale nō ia i nā hyenas "he hermaphrodites e hoʻohaumia nei i ka poʻe make".
ʻAʻohe mea ʻano ʻē loa o kēlā holoholona like ʻole i makemake nui ʻia i ka poʻe noiʻi. ʻO kēia ka ʻike i ka wehe ʻole ʻia ʻana a mai kahi puke i ka puke, e hoʻohuli i nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e kekahi.
A aia wale i ka 1984 ma ke Kulanui o Berkeley (ma Kaleponi kēia) ua wehe i kahi kikowaena no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hyenas. Ua aʻo nā ʻepekema ʻepekema ma laila i nā mea hoihoi he nui e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka ʻohana hyena he ʻehā mau ʻano: ka ʻehalā, ʻulaʻula, nā beleneka a me ka ʻīlio ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa loa ka hope loa o kona mau hoahānau: ua liʻiliʻi ʻia ma mua o ke koena o nā hyena, a hānai nui i nā pūlohelohe, ʻimi mauʻu i nā moa, a inā he rodents. ʻAʻole nele loa ka honua he mea kākau ia ma ka International Red Book.
Nānā kūlike ʻia nā hyena e like me ke ʻano o nā ʻōnaʻi o ʻAmelika. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā kupapaʻu o nā holoholona make, pale kēia mau holoholona i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi i nā savannahs a me nā wao. He nui nā poʻe ʻepekema i manaʻo ʻole inā ʻaʻole i kēia mau kenekulia o nā mea hoʻowahāwahā, hiki paha i ka savannah ke hoʻololi i kahi wailid fetid.
No laila no laila he mea kupanaha kēia mau holoholona ʻakaʻaka? I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, he ikaika kū ka kino o nā hyenas i nā microorganisms. ʻO kahi hoʻohālikelike ia ka maʻi hanana anthrax ma Luangwa i ka makahiki 1897, aia paha ma mua o ʻehā mau tausani hippos i make i kēia maʻi. A ʻo kā lākou mau kino, nāna i hana i ka pāhola ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻai ʻia nā hyena. A ʻaʻole wale nō me ka hoʻopōʻino iā mākou iho: ua hoʻomāhuahua maoli ka nui o nā ʻakaʻaka i kā lākou helu ʻana ma ka ʻai no ka grub manuahi.
Eia kekahi, he mau puʻupuʻu ikaika loa nā hyenas e hiki ke huki i ka iwi, a me nā pū a me nā ʻūhā. ʻO ia ke kumu no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole o nā ʻōlima holoholona i loko o nā kaila Aferika.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o nā hyena ʻo ia i ka ʻike mua ʻana, a mai ka lua, a mai ke kolu hoʻi ke aneane kokoke hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo i kahi o kona wahi a me hea. ʻO ke kumu i loaʻa ai i ke kāne ka "male", nā ʻano wahine like ʻole like ʻole, ʻo ka wahine, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i ke kohu he hypertrophic. ʻO ia ke kumu i manaʻo lōʻihi ai nā hānela he hermaphrodites.
ʻO ke kumu no nā "wahine wahine maikaʻi" like me ka testosterone, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ke koko o nā wahine hāpai i ka hapa heʻumi, aʻo nā kumamako he nui ka "ʻenemi", estrogen, hoʻonui i kēlā manawa. Aia ka Testosterone no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻano kāne, ua wehewehe ka ʻepekema iā lākou a me ke ʻano hoʻomohala o nā wahine. Ma ke ala, aia ka wahine i ke poʻo o ka pā. I kekahi mau holoholona, ʻo ke alakaʻi paha he kāne a wahine paha. I nā hyenas, hiki i ka wahine wale nō ke lilo i mea nui. ʻO ke kaona wahine ʻo nā hyena ka mea nui loa, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o nā kāne, ke alakaʻi nei i kahi ʻano maʻalahi.
Akā, ʻoiai naʻe, e mālama nui nā hyenas. Ke hoʻoneʻe nei i nā kāne mai ka mea i pio, ʻo lākou ka mea mua e hōʻoia i nā ʻāpana. Ma ke ala, hānai aku ka hyena i ka waiū o kāna mau pēpē no 20 mau mahina. Akā, pono wau e ʻōlelo he aloha ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia makuahine no kāna mau keiki. Ke hele ka hano o nā hyena, noho mau kā lākou mau lālā ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o "nā mākaʻi" nāna e pale iā lākou, akā ʻaʻole loa lākou e hānai iā lākou, he aha ka pōpilikia inā he makuahine ko lākou hele ʻana ...
ʻOkoʻa hoʻi nā kamaliʻi i loko o nā mele. E hoʻomaka i ka poʻe loea, ʻaʻole ʻae i ka mea i kapa ʻia e kāhea iā lākou: ʻo nā keiki a me nā keiki paha, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻoholo i ka ʻohana o ka hyena e kokoke kokoke ana. Ma kahi hea lākou e kapa ʻia ai, hānau ʻia nā cubs me nā niho ākea kūpono a huhū loa. No lākou, hoʻomaka ka koho kūlohelohe kūpono mai ka manawa hānau. ʻAʻole like kēlā me kēia kima (a ʻohi paha) ʻo ia ka mua ma waena o kāna mau hoahānau, akā ʻo ka mea hoʻokahi. ʻO ke kumu no kēia mau like ka like me ka testosterone, nona nā uʻi maoli i loko o kēia mau kime nā mea nani. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hāʻule kona kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻomaka nā lālā ola e ola a keu aku paha i ka amicably.
He mau ʻelele maikaʻi nā Hyenas. I ka wā o ka papahele, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i ka wikiwiki o 65 km / h a mālama iā ia no ʻelima mau kilomita. Ke nānā nei i kēia mau holoholona, ua hōʻole ka poʻe loea i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka poʻe ʻakaʻaka i ʻApelika. He mea ʻuʻulu ia, ʻaʻole ia ka ʻimi ʻana i nā holoholona make, ʻo ia no hyenas ke ala nui e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai. Maʻa lākou ma ka wildebeest, ʻai i ka 10% o kā lākou helu i kēlā me kēia makahiki, no laila e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou helu.
A ʻai nā kāloti mai ka savannah carrion i nā manawa maloʻo o ka makahiki. A laila ke hele nei ʻo ka mea kanu i ka wai a me ka meaʻai, e waiho ana ma hope o nā ʻōpala o nā hoahānau pili ʻole. Akā inā pehea ka loaʻa o ka hyena i ka meaʻai, i ka wā i hiki ai iā lākou, ʻai nā holoholona i nā mea āpau, a me nā iwi āpau, nā pepeiaohao a me nā ʻūhā, hiki ke hoʻomākeʻe ʻia ka mauʻu. I kēia kūpono o kēia hoihoi kuʻekuʻe, hiki ke ʻike nui ʻia ka hyenas ma ka wāwae a i ʻole ka puʻuwai ʻana o ka hoa aloha, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻole ʻia.
Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, kanu nā holoholona i kahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha ahiahi, e kau ana ma ka malu me ka pīpī iā lākou iho me ka honua. Ma keʻano laulā, makemake lākou e lawe i nā ʻauʻau ʻokoʻa - a me ka wai, a me ka pālolo, a me ka lepo. Aia kekahi ʻokoʻa pili i ko lākou ʻenehana, ka mea e leʻaleʻa i ke kiʻi ʻana i nā ʻōiwi o Aferika i nā maka o kekahi kanaka: makemake nui nā hyenas i ka pale i nā koena melekidated. Ua maopopo loa ma hope o ia hana, ua ʻā nā holoholona, e kau mālie. Eia kekahi, i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mea ʻala, ʻo kā lākou mahalo ka mea nona. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole pili ʻo hyenas i ka ʻala pua a ko lākou mau iwi.
Eia lākou, he ʻakaʻaka ʻakaʻaka i ka expanse ʻApelika.
kumu wai
http://shkolazhizni.ru/archive/0/n-29371/
http://www.animalsglobe.ru/gieni/
http://superspeak.ru/index.php?showtopic=540
A eia kahi hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o nā holoholona hoihoi: ʻAngi, coati a i ʻole ka ihua aneʻi Armona Pangolin. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO, nani ʻ Wolflelo Wīwī (Cuon alpinus)
ʻO ka hua mua ma mua o Carl Faberge
ʻO ia kahi makana mai Alexander Alexander a kāna wahine no ka Easter.
I loko o kēlā hua manu aia he kani makala gula matte, he moa makika gula ʻeono i loko o ka ʻokala, a ma loko o ka moa he kope o ka lei imperial me nā daimana a me kahi lei me kahi rubi kūloko ma ke ʻano o kahi hua manu (E like me ka moʻolelo engga e pili ana iā Koshchei!).
Ua nalowale ka lei a me ka pohō Ua leʻaleʻa ʻia ʻo Maria Fedorovna me ka makana. Ua lilo ʻo Faberge i ka mea waiwai i loko o ka hale hoʻokolokolo a mai ia manawa aia ke hana i nā hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Aia he ʻelua mau kūlana: pono ke kū hoʻokahi ka hua a pono e ʻāhoihoi i loko!
Nā lole lole salmon
Hoʻohālike i ka ʻāʻī o ke aliʻi, ua paʻa ke kapa kauwela o ke kauwela ma nā ʻili salmon. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo ia e kahi wahine-Nanai mai ke awāwa ʻo Amur, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea ke nānā aku nei ia mea me he ʻāpana hanohano mai nā kolamu ʻo East Dries Van Noten.
He paʻakikī loa ka ʻenehana hoʻolālā: ua hana ʻia ka ʻili i kahi ala kūikawā, i hana ʻia e ka Nanai i manaʻo ʻia e ka XI kenekulia. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻili o nā pauna, ʻeleʻele, maloʻo, hoʻoluʻu, me ke ʻano o nā pūhui kūikawā, a laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka lole.
ʻO ka mokuahi IMZ-8.1031P "Ural"
ʻO ka ʻōlelo o ke kuhikuhi ana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka huakaʻi Irbit e ʻae ʻia e ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Federal Border Service (FPS), ʻo Colonel General M.L. Kushel. E like me ka prototype, ua hana nā mea hoʻomohala i ka mea i ho'āʻo ʻia a hoʻāʻo ʻia "Tourist".
Pono ia e hoʻopiha iā ia me kahi kaʻa kaʻa, uʻi i kahi turret i loko e hoʻoulu i ka pū mīhini RPK-74M, e hāʻawi i ka mīkini me ke headlight a me ka mauna no kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala - ʻaʻole ʻoe e kākau i nā mea āpau. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka mea hana kolo no ka mea hoʻolālā A. Shelepov a me V. Yanin. I koho ʻia he kaʻa hou IMZ-8.1031P (palena IMZ).
Ma Irbit, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻelua mau mana o ka huakaʻi pūʻali koa, e ʻokoʻa wale ana ma ke kaila kaʻa. Hoʻohana ka mua i kahi ʻokoʻa, hoʻohana ka lua i kahi kāʻei. ʻO ka ʻoi loa ʻana o ka wana i ka ʻaoʻao no ka hoʻopuka i kau ʻia ma ka mea nāna i hana ʻo A.V. Khalturin, a hana ia i ʻike ʻia ka moemoe e pili ana i ka moho me ka pili ʻole o kahi mea i kau ʻia i loko ona.
ʻO ka mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokolohua ʻo A. Yu. Tyulenev i haʻi aku: "Ua hana wikiwiki mākou i kēia loli mana. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia mākou e holo me nā mea kaua, a ua hoʻololi mākou iā ia me nā ukana like ʻole. Ma ke ala alanui, hele pololei ka kaʻa, a ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā huila, me he mea lā ka nui o ka mana o ka mīkini. Ke neʻe nei ma waena o nā puddles, ka palolo a me nā lua hoʻi e pono e makaʻala. Inā hāʻule kahi uila i kahi kaʻa, a laila kū ka motio, a ʻo ka lua - huli ʻo ia i ka huhū i ka lewa. Ma muli o kēia hopena, pono ka mea nona ka "wehewehe" e kūkulu i kahi ʻano kūikawā o ka neʻe. Ke holo nei i kahi huila me ke kāmelo pipiʻi he meaʻokoʻa loa. Ma ke ala maikaʻi e holo wikiwiki ʻoe me nā kaʻa hele ʻole, e like me ka mea ma "Ural" maʻamau. Ke hele ʻole nei i kahi nāwaliwali palupalu (nui, kōkōlima, ʻano wai), ua kū ʻoe, e ʻoki i ke kaila a me ke kuapo ʻana e like me kahi kāmele, ʻaʻole i ʻoki, hoʻoulu i ka wai, ka lepo a i ʻole nā one. I ka lanakila ʻana i ka pā kuhi, ke pani a hoʻohuli i ka huila. Inā ʻaʻole, ma ka aspaloli, e pale ʻole ka mokulele (neʻe pololei wale nō). A laila - e like me ka la "Urals" ... "
No laila, ʻaʻole kūpono nā koho ʻelua. Loaʻa i nā kaʻa holo i mākaʻi (mau lehelehe, nā mea loiloi) ka "wehewehe", a me nā kaʻa holo kaʻa liʻiliʻi me nā ʻike liʻiliʻi e pono ke holo ma nā ala maikaʻi, i kahi ʻae ʻole ʻokiʻehi. He hopena maikaʻi paha?
Manaʻo wau pēlā: kahi ʻōpiopio laka me kahi mīkini hoʻoneʻe i ʻelua. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻie a me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōnaehana honua honua, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻokumu i ia ʻano (a i ka manawa like ʻole me ka hoʻolālā). Eia ua ʻoluʻolu nā mea kūʻai aku me nā koho ʻelua e maʻalahi.
I ka makahiki 1997, ma IMZ, ma ke kauoha o ka FPS, ua hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā mīkini 100. Hoʻopau wale ka pālahalaha iā lākou ma kahi o ka ʻāina a puni lākou. Wahi a ke koluna o nā pūʻali mokulele V.T. Berezenets, ka mea nāna e lawelawe nei ma Kosovo no 10 mau mahina mai Pepeluali 2000: “Hele au i ka Urals me kahi ʻano like ʻole. Ua kaʻa nani ka kaʻa ma nā alanui kuahiwi a ʻaʻole loa e hoʻokuʻu iaʻu. Hoʻomanaʻo wau i ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻa ʻana i kēia kaʻaahi me ke ukana piha o nā poʻe ʻekolu a me nā mea kaua. "
I ka makahiki 2000, ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā "kiaʻi kiaʻi" peʻa i nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole: camouflage (Rūsia a me NATO) a me ka UN UN. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Border Guard ma nā hōʻikeʻike he nui. Ma ka Nizhny Tagil URAL EXPO ARM-2000, ua hōʻike ʻia nā koho ʻelua: me ka pū mīma RPK-74M a me nā pūnaehana anti-tank Konkurs-M (ATGM).
ʻO ka Pelekikena Pelekikena Vladimir Putin, ka mea i kipa i kēia hōʻikeʻike, ʻike aku ia i nā motio Irbit ʻelua a ʻōlelo maikaʻi iā lākou. Ma kāna mau loiloi o ka kaʻa formidable, ʻo Vladimir Vladimirovich ʻaʻole hoʻokahi wale nō.
Ke kiʻi nei mai ka ATGM i kau ʻia ma ka IMZ-8.1031P i huli 10 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka paea like ʻole ma ke kaʻa loea i kāʻei ʻia. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mau koho i hāʻawi ʻia i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kūlana o ke ahi a me ka wikiwiki o ke ahi ʻana, akā ʻaʻohe kānalua ke kiʻekiʻe. No ka ʻāpana, e hoʻomaopopo mākou: ʻo IMZ-8.1031P me kahi kahakaha cam me ka mea maʻalahi loa i ka maʻalahi.
Hoʻohui ʻia ma ka 2001 me kahi mīkini kīwī overhead o 750 cm3, ua lilo ia i mau SUV maoli. Ke kali nei lākou iā ia ma Rusia a ma waho. Hoʻolau lākou i nā kope o kēia kaʻa i loko o nā hale kalapu hale - IMZ a me ka Polytechnic kaulike.
KA ANO KAHIKO LOAʻO O KA IMZ-8.1031P MANAʻO KĀNANA
Ke ākea, mm - 1700
Ke kiʻekiʻe, mm - 1100
Hoʻomaka ka lepo ma ka laha piha, mm - 125
ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao - ʻānai
Nā nui o nā ʻeke, nā ʻāpana - 4,00–19
ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, km / h - 90
ʻO ka paona maloʻo, kg - 310
ʻO ka ukana noi, kg - 255
Ke kaha tank hoʻomohala, l - 19
E kāohi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi ukana ma kahi o 100 km o ka alaloa ma ke ala nui ma kahi wikiwiki o 50-60 km / h, l - 7.8
Kuhi - ʻehā-ʻehā, ʻelua cylinder, ma luna, kūʻē kūʻē
Kahu, mm - 78.0
Kukaha, mm - 78.0
ʻO ka volume hana, cm3 - 750
ʻO ka palena hoʻoili he 7.0
Ka mana ikaika, h.p. - 40
ʻO ka wikiwiki o Crankshaft ma ka mana kiʻekiʻe, 1 / min - 5500
Pāʻauhau - starter, kick starter
Kapiki - maloʻo, pālua-disc
Kālā hana nui - cardan a me nā pālua bevels gears
Uku Taea Huila - Kā Me Huila a me Kauka Kao
Oleg Kurikhin "KA MEA KULA NUI
Gorokhova Nadezhda Mikhailovna. "Puff. ʻO nā moʻolelo o kahi kauā "
Ua hānau ʻia au i Kepakemapa 1941 ma Pykhtino ma ka hale helu 2. Ma hope mai, ua kūʻai nā mākua i kahi ʻāpana o ka hale ma ka pāmu, a ma 1947 ua neʻe mākou iā ia. ʻAʻohe hiko i laila, kukui lākou i ka hale me nā lamalama, ma hope aku ua kūʻai lākou i nā kukui a hoʻokomo i loko o nā lua.
Mai 1949, aʻo wau ma kahi kula ma Vnukovo, aʻo wau no 10 mau makahiki a pau. Ma hope mai, ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia kula i ka helu 13. I ka papa mua, hele mākou me Nina Maslakova, Vova Plokhov a me Vova Roshkin.
I ka pūnāwai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hele ʻana i ke kula. Hoʻomanaʻo wau i kahi hoʻokahi i ka pūnāwai Lyosha Maslakov, ke kaikunāne o Nina, i alakaʻi iā mākou ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai, ma mua o ka "Alyoshin Bochag", hele mākou i Hillbutova Hill a hele i ke kula ma ke kula. Hele ma kēia manawa i nā ʻili hāpau. A i kā lākou hoʻi ʻana mai, hoʻopuka nui ʻia ka wai a kahe ʻana o ka uwapo. A laila ua haʻahaʻa loa ke alahaka, a naholo ʻia hoʻi ma lalo o mākou. Ua kiʻekiʻe aku ka wai ma mua o nā kāmaʻa, akāʻaʻohe mea i koe. Ua kāʻili nā kāmaʻa i ka wai me ka wai anu, a holo mākou i ka hale e maloʻo.
Ma hope mai ua hoʻomaka lākou e hana i kahi pālule, akā laila ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha a hiki i ka hopena, akā waiho lākou i kahi kahawai no ka wai. Ke hele pū nei mākou me Vovka Plokhov, a ua hāʻule ʻo ia i kēia pā. Ua wikiwiki loa ke kahe. ʻO wau a me aʻu i hopu ai iā Vovka, a huki koke kāna pahu. ʻAʻole wau hoʻomanaʻo i ka hele i ka home, akā ua pau maikaʻi. Ma hope mai, ua hele i kahi aʻo i ke kula e ʻae ʻia ʻole nā keiki Pykhta e hoʻi i ka home wale nō. A ua kali mākou no kekahi i kekahi ma hope o ka papa, i hiki i ka manawa paʻa i ke kauā.
A i ka manawa hoʻoilo he nui ʻino hau i ʻike ʻia. Ua haʻalele mākou i ke kula a hele akula i ke kauhale. I ko makou hiki ana aku i ka muliwai, huli ae la i ko makou nalowale i ke ala aole i hele ia ala, aka i ka poepoe. A mai ia hale a hiki i ka hale ke hele i ke kula.
He paʻakikī me ka wai, hele lākou i ʻohi i nā pōpō no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a i ʻole ka wai, a i ʻole ka wai. Ua kūkulu ʻia nā hale male ma ka loko i hope ma hope, a ua hele mākou ma laila e holoi i ka holoi. ʻAʻole maʻalahi hoʻi ka hele maʻalahi i ka inu ʻana, ma kā mākou pā hale i ala he ala ma ka luawai ma o ka muliwai. ʻO ka palahʻu ma ke kuikui, ma hope o kā māua pā, ua paʻapū a paʻapū, a me kahi ala liʻiliʻi e iho ana mai nā puʻu ʻekolu. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka piʻi ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao, ua kūʻokoʻa a ma ke one kekahi. Me ka pōhaku i hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻia. I kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻaihue mai ka māla: inā paha e nalowale nā auwai mai ka pā, a i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole wau i ʻike i ka mea nāna i hana kēia, akā ua hele koʻu makuahine i ka māla kolamu a noi mai iaʻu e pani i ka paukū. Ua pani koke ʻia ke alanui, a ua hana i ke ala i ka pūnāwai ma Malashina Gora (ma hope o ka hale No. 41). Aia he luawai ma hope o nā Basovs, ʻaʻole kahi mamao mai ka papa pāʻani o kēia manawa. Ua kokoke like ʻo ia i ka lihi o ke kahawai, akā ʻo ke kahe i ka wā ʻau ʻia ai ʻo ia.
Mālama lākou i nā holoholona i noho i ka kaha. He mau moa a māua, he kao, mālama mākou i kahi puaʻa. Mālama ʻia ʻo Piglets a me nā hoalauna. Inā mākou e ʻoki i ka piglet, a laila hoʻokaʻawale iā mākou, lawe ʻia kekahi e Aunt Nastya Maslakova, hapa ʻia ʻo ʻAnak Vera Odinokova. A laila ua hele mai ka huli ʻana o kekahi, ua ʻokiʻoki hoʻi nā hoalauna i ka ʻāpana puaʻa a ua hāʻawi mai iā mākou i ʻāpana. A laila he ʻokiʻoki hou. He ʻai nō mākou i ka manawa.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1950, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi leʻaleʻa: ʻO wau, koʻu hoa ʻo Nina a me kona makuahine, ʻo ʻAnunt Nastya Maslakova, nā kiʻi pena me kahi keʻe a Bulgaria. Ua kūʻai lākou i nā kiʻi a me nā ʻilo i loko o nā hale kūʻai a noho ma ka hale o kekahi, kahi mea pono. He hoihoi hoihoi ʻia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau leʻaleʻa. Inā ke pāʻani nei kekahi i ka male, pono lākou e piʻi i nā puka aniani e ʻike i ka hoʻolauleʻa, hoʻokahi manawa, ma ka male ʻo Sonya Mokrova, ua waiho lākou iā mākou ma ka hekau. Ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka makahiki Hou a me ke Trinity, a ma ka Poaʻaka ʻo nā keikikāne i ʻōlohelohe mau i nā hua mai ka mauna.
ʻO nā kiʻi ma ka moʻolelo mai ka waihona waihona pilikino o Gorokhovaya Nadezhda Mikhailovna. He moʻolelo mai ka puke ʻo "Puff. ʻO nā moʻolelo o kahi kauā ".
Merkushina Antonina Kirillovna. "Puff. ʻO nā moʻolelo o kahi kauā "
ʻO ia ka Mei 22, 1937, Nikolov Day, noho iho nā kāne o ke kauhale e hoʻolauleʻa i ka hoʻomaha, ua pāʻani i kāleka. Holo akula ʻo kupuna wahine ʻo Masha i loko o ka hale me ka leo aʻe: "ʻO Cyril, hānau ʻo Sasha, he aha kāu e noho nei?" Ua hana ʻo Makua i kahi pāmu kolamu, lawe i kahi lio mai laila, kau i kona makuahine a me kāna wahine ʻo Masha ma ke kalaka, a holo akula i ka haukapila ma Peredeltsy. ʻAʻole i hiki. Ua hānau koʻu kupuna wahine me kona makuahine i "cubs", ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo hope ma hope o ka Moʻolelo, ma ka hale pule. No laila ua hānau ʻia au. Ma laila wale nō i hele ai mākou i ka haukapila.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kaua, ua 4 mau makahiki oʻu. Ua kāhea ʻia ʻo Papa ma mua, ua noho wau ma ka home, koʻu hoahānau ʻo Petya a me koʻu māmā. Hele mākou i loko o ka māla kolamu e hana, ua loaʻa, e lawe ʻo ka makuahine iā mākou: "E huki ʻia kēia ʻōpio, akā, ʻaʻole pono kēia e hoʻopā." No laila loaʻa iā mākou kahi "lāʻau", kahi i hōʻailona i nā hana. Hoʻopiha wau i nā moena, a ua kaomi aku nei ke kaikaina ʻo Petya, ua ʻoi aku kona makua ma mua o koʻu, ua 7 makahiki ʻo ia. ʻO ka makuahine ma ka mahiʻai, he pilina ia, a me ʻAnakamu Nyusha Basova, a pono ʻo ia e mālama i ka mea e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā hana hana. I kekahi manawa ua hele mai ʻo Liza Utkina ka kaikuahine o mākou e kōkua iā mākou, a ua hele ʻo ia i ka ʻohi kolamu me mākou e wikiwiki koke i ka hana a kona makuahine. ʻAʻohe kālā i uku ʻia no ka hana, akā aia nā mea e hoʻolilo ai i ka hoʻoponopono, no ka laʻana, ʻae ʻia ka lio e ʻohi i kahi māla ma lalo o nā pateta.
Aia i kahi o nā hale kauhale koʻikoʻi a ma kahi e hele ai lākou e kūkulu i ke kahua, aia kahi māla palaoa a me ka rye. Ma kēia kīhāpai, ʻohiʻohi a ʻohi me māua ʻo ʻEnēnē i kēia ʻaoʻao āpau me ka maiʻi, a ʻo mākou, nā mea liʻiliʻi, ua huki pū ʻia, a hui pū ʻia lāua.
ʻAʻole kahi wahie, hele mākou i ka nahele i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe, i hōʻoki ʻia no ka laina kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻalo i nā ʻōpala i hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hale me kekahi mea. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻohi ʻia nā ʻōpala a me nā huaʻai i loko o ka nahele; aia kahi ʻāpana nui.
Ua hoʻokokoke ʻo ia i kahi kokoke i ke kahua ʻo Vnukovo, ua puhi pinepine ʻia ka ʻenemi iā ia. Ua hana nā hulina, hopu iā lākou. Hūnā ʻia mākou mai nā pahuhopu, noho mākou i kēia manawa i kā mākou lawelawe. A ma hea ʻo ke kikowaena wai i kēia manawa, kokoke i ka neʻe ʻana, ua piʻe ko mākou mokulele. ʻO ka hale hope loa iā mākou ma hope o ke kauhale, a hōʻea nā mea kīnā koko me mākou e holo nei, a e mālama ana ka makuahine me ʻAnakē Lisa i kā lākou mau hōʻeha. Hele koke lākou a lawe iā lākou, ʻike lākou ua hāʻule ka mokulele.
I ka hoʻolaha ʻia ʻana o ke kaua, ua uwē mākou a pau me ka hauʻoli, a me ka ʻoliʻoli o kona maikaʻi. Ua kali maoli mākou no ka makuakāne i ka home.
I ke kaua, ua hopu ʻia kona makuakāne a aihue ʻia iā Kelemania. Ua kali mākou no ka lōʻihi o ka leka mai ko mākou makuakāne, akā ʻaʻohe leka. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou, akā ma mua, e like me ka mea, i hopu ʻia - ʻo ia ka mea haki. Mai Kelemania, ua hoʻokuke ʻia ka makuakāne i Ashgabat. Ua hana ʻo ia ma laila me kahi kamana a me ka lālani ʻau. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā leka, ʻaʻole wau e ʻike a pehea e lawe ai ʻo ia i nā leka i ka makahiki 1947 wale nō. I ka manawa i loaʻa iā mākou nā lono mai iā ia - ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e hauʻoli ai!
Lawe mau wau i kāna kiʻi me aʻu. I nā makahiki 1948, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Papa ma kahi hoʻomaha, a ua hele mai ʻo ia iā mākou. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i kēia manawa, i ka hale kahiko koʻu papahele, a komo ʻo ia i ka puka. Heʻoiaʻiʻo, aia nā waimaka, a me nā mea a pau o ka honua ... Hoʻokuʻu piha ʻia ka makuakāne home i ka hale wale nō i ka hopena o ka makahiki.
Hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi wau i ke kumu o ka pio ʻana o ke kaua Kelemania i ko mākou kauhale. Kaʻi ʻia akula lākou i Vnukovo. Ma hope o ke kaua ʻana, kūkulu nā Kelemania i nā hale he nui ma laila, a me kekahi mau wahi kahua mokulele.
Ma hope o ke kaua, hele au i ke kula, aʻo ʻo Izvarino. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai Izvarino i ke kula ʻo Pakhul. Ua hele lākou i ke kula i nā lole paʻa, ʻea a ʻaʻole hoʻi i kū pono i nā mea i ko lākou mau wāwae. ʻO wai ka mea hiki ke hele i ka mea i hele. Mai ka papa ʻelima, wehe ʻia kahi kula ma Vnukovo, kahi aʻu i pau ai a hiki i ka papa 7th.
I loko o nā hale ʻaina kauhale, he pāʻina hoʻohanohano ʻia nā male. Hoʻomanaʻo wau ua hāʻawi ʻia koʻu ʻanakē ʻo Nastya Maslakova i mare i kāna kaikamahine Nina. ʻAno hauʻoli ʻo Mom, ʻoluʻolu, hoʻonohonoho i nā wahine a pau, hōʻiliʻili iā lākou, a hele lākou e hanohano. Ma mua, hele mau ʻoe i ka hanohano, hāʻawi ka wahine i nā makana no kēia. A ia lā aʻe ua hāʻawi ʻia i kahi pōpō a ke kāne i hū ʻia, kahi kīʻaha. ʻO ka makuahine, ʻo ʻAnakē Vera Odinokova, ua hele ʻē aku ʻo ʻAnakui Sug Sugova ma ka mahiʻai a hulahula me ka hulahula.
I kona wā kamaliʻi, ua hana, nā samele. Loaʻa iā mākou ʻo Obidin Tolya, ua waiwai lākou i kēlā manawa, a kūʻai ʻo kona makuakāne, ʻo ʻAkopa Seryozha i luna waʻa kaulua. A waiho wale iā Zoyka Odinokova i loko ona, a holo pū lāua pū. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻonāukiuki mākou - ʻo ia ia e hoʻololi, akā ʻaʻole kākou. ʻĀ, e hele pū mākou i lalo o ka moku, akā, e hāliu i. E lele ʻo Zoyka, a ke nānā wale nei kāna mau aniani i ka wai.
Ua makemake loa ʻo Tolya e hele ma ke kahawai, a ua hahai mākou iā ia. E ʻoki wale ʻo ia, e hele i ka wai i ka ʻauʻau, a lawe mākou i nā ʻūlau ponoʻī a me kahi T-shirt, ʻai kā mākou i ka ʻaina kakahiaka ma ka ʻūhā a me ka waimaka mai laila.
Aia i ka mea āpau ma ka home: nā hua waina a me nā huaʻai. Akā, e like me kā lākou i ʻōlelo ai, "ma loko o kahi māla ʻē aʻe he tastier." Ma kahi kokoke i Shelbutovo he māla nui, hele nā ʻeleʻele a me nā currants ʻeleʻele, a hele mākou i laila no nā hua waina. ʻO wau, ʻo Zoya Odinokova lāua ʻo Vovka Obidin, ke kaikunāne o Anatoly. Ku wau, ʻūhū ana a liki i nā huaʻai i loko o nā pa o kaʻu ʻeke, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Zoya Vasilievna lāua ʻo Vovka, a hopu ʻia ke alakaʻi iā lākou ma laila. A i ka ākea ʻana au e holo ma waena o ka mahi palaoa a lohe wale au i ka pana ʻana mai lākou mai ka bogeyman - ua hana wau ma ka mauʻu a ua kīwī ʻia mai ka makaʻu, laila ku lele i luna a holo hou. Holo aku wau i waho o ka hui ma Vnukovo a holo akula i ka maki. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia ʻo Vovka lāua ʻo Zoyka i ka ʻaha kauhale. Aia mai ka papa māka e hele ana wau ma ke kauhale me ka ʻoihana, ke nānā nei, ke kū nei ko mākou mau mākua ma kahi kokoke i ka hale, koʻu makuahine a me kuʻu mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Seryozha Obidin, e loaʻa ana au i nā gooseberries mai kaʻu uka e hānai iā lākou. Mama, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hōʻino, ua hoʻohiki e holoi i kēia gooseberry i ʻole e hoʻohilahila ai.
Ua hoʻomaka mua ke ola o nā pākeke, hele wau i hana mai ka makahiki 15. Ua hana ʻo ia ma kahi hale haʻuki ma Moscow ma Solyanka.
Noho nui ʻo Largely i kā mākou hoʻokele waiwai ʻana. He pipi koʻu makuahine, me kaʻu e hoʻomanaʻo nei. Inā ʻaʻole no ka pipi, make mākou i ka pōloli. Hele ʻo Mom iā Dorogomilovo, nona kāna mau limahana ponoʻi, ua lawe ʻo ia i ka waiū i nā hale. Ke kali nei lākou iā ia me nā ʻeke, nā kō.
Loaʻa iā mākou kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe. Inā ua ʻoki ka makuakāne i kahi puaʻa, hele ʻo ia e kūʻai i ka ʻai i nā dachas o Moscow Writers. Ma laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānaka ma mua o mākou. I ka manawa ua hele pū lāua me kaʻu kāne ʻo Zhenya, komo i loko o ka hale o Utesov, a eia ʻo ia e hele aku ai me kahi kahu hale. Hana lākou i kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī nona, a laila hoʻomaka ke kamaʻilio:
"E ninini i ka 100 kalama," i nīnau ai e ka makuakāne.
- E hele mai, he aha kāu e kala ai?
"Aila, e ninini iā lākou ma laila," wahi a Utesov i ka mea mālama hale.
ʻO ka hopena, haʻalele lākou ma hope o ka inu ʻana, a ma ka hoʻi i home, i Likovo, kokoke i ka hale o Pasekovs, ʻaihue lākou i kahi ʻīlio. Noho ua ʻīlio kēia ʻīlio ma ko mākou ʻohana no kahi o 10 mau makahiki, i kapa ʻia ka ʻīlio ʻo Baikal.
ʻO nā kiʻi ma ka moʻolelo mai ka waihona waihona pilikino o Merkushina Antonina Kirillovna. He moʻolelo mai ka puke ʻo "Puff. ʻO nā moʻolelo o kahi kauā "
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO ke kiʻi: Striped Hyena
Hyaena hyaena he mammal predator o ka genus hyena. Nā ʻohana i ka ʻohana Hyaenidae. Kūlike nā ʻano like ʻole o kekahi. Aia kekahiʻanoʻokoʻa i ka nui, ka laulā a me ke kapa.
Penei, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e ka noho:
- Hyaena hyaena hyaena ka maʻamau loa i India.
- ʻO Hyaena hyaena barbara - hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma ke Komohana Hikina o ʻAmelika.
- ʻO Hyaena hyaena dubbah - hoʻonoho i ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ʻākau o ʻApelika. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma Kenya.
- Hyaena hyaena sultana - ua māhele ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Arabia.
- Hyaena hyaena syriaca - Loaʻa ma ʻIseraʻela a me Suria, i kaulana ma Asia Minor, ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o ka Caucasus.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ua like nā kaona o ke kaona i nā holoholona ʻehā i hoʻokahi manawa: ke ʻīlio, kahi ʻīlio puaʻa, ka puaʻa a me ka tiger. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa o nā Helene i ka inoa nā Helene kahiko. ʻIke lākou i ka ʻano like ʻana i kahi puaʻa hihiu, kāhea lākou i ka male predator. ʻO ka maka aniani o kahi puʻu e like me ka maka o ka moʻo, nā ʻōpala hele hewa e like me ka tiger.
ʻO nā kānaka o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe e noho ana ma nā konohiki like ʻole i hoʻoili ʻia nā ʻano maikaʻi i ka hyena ma muli o kona helehelena ʻokoʻa. Ke kū nei nā ʻolike ma ke ʻano o nā hyenas i mau ʻulena no nā ʻohana he nui o ʻAmelika. ʻO Hyena i manaʻo ʻia he holoholona totem. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻohana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: nā holoholona makeke hyena
ʻO ka hamena nāu, ʻaʻole like me kona mau hoahānau, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoiho i ka hiʻi ʻana a me ka uē ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ka pepeiao. Hoʻōla ia i nā kani kīʻaha hohonu, nā flutters a me nā ʻōhala. He peke ana kona, e like me ka ʻōpū o ke kino. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae ʻākau ma mua o nā wāwae hind. ʻO ke poʻo nui, ke poʻo ākea me nā puʻe ākea a me nā maka nui e kau ana ma luna o ka lei lōʻihi. Hoʻopilikia nā hua me ka mahele o ke poʻo. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou e nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, ʻehā mau kikoʻī.
Kōkua: Striped Hyena
ʻO ka lauoho striped he lōʻihi lōʻihi shaggy lauoho me ka mane hina ma kahi lei lōʻihi a i hope. ʻEleʻele ke kala i ka waiho ʻana me nā pehu ʻeleʻele ākea i ke kino a me nā kaula palahalaha ma nā wāwae. I kahi hyena beled makua, ʻo ka lōʻihi mai ke kumu o ke poʻo a hiki i ke kumu o ka huelo a hiki i 120 cm, ʻehā - 35 cm. Hiki ke kaupaona ka wahine a hiki i 35 kg, ke kāne a hiki i 40 kg.
He mau niho ikaika a ka hyena a maikaʻi nā ʻōnaehana i mākaukau. Mālama kēia i ka mea i ka mea i hoʻohaki ʻia me nā iwi ikaika o nā holoholona nui, e like me kahi giraffe, rhino, elephant.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻokoʻa nā wahine hyenas e nā kiʻi moekolohe. ʻO ia kahi like loa me nā kāne. No ka manawa lōʻihi i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ka hyena hermaphrodite. ʻO kekahi mea hou ma ka piggy bank mythological predator. Ma nā pūlima a me nā legends, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka moe i paʻa i ka hyena.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kaumaha. ʻOi aku lākou me ke ʻano a me ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hana. Hoʻokumu nā hyales i nā lua, a i kekahi manawa ke noho ma nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi. Ke alakaʻi mau nei ke alakaʻi i ka wahine. I loko o kahi kahi nohona maoli, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ola o kahi kanaka predator i 10-15 mau makahiki. I nā wahi hoʻolaʻa a me nā zoos, ola ke hyena i 25 mau makahiki.
Aia i hea ke ola o ka mole manene?
Kiʻi ʻ :lelo: Striped Hyena Red Book
ʻO kēia mau ʻona heled i kēia manawa wale nō ka mea i loaʻa ma waho o ʻApelika. Hiki ke loaʻa ma ka Asia Central, ke Middle East a me India. Noho ʻo Hyenas ma Morocco, ma ke kahakai ʻo Algeria, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Sahara.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻaʻole i noho ʻo Hyenas i nā ʻāina i uhi ʻia i ka hau me ka manawa lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hyena beled ke ola i nā wahi me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka manawa mai ka 80 a hiki i 120 lā, no ka hāʻule ʻana o ka wela ma minus -20 ° C.
ʻO kēia nā holoholona thermophilic e makemake i kahi mahana wela a maloʻo. Hoʻohana lākou e ola i nā wahi maloʻo me ka wai liʻiliʻi. E makemake ʻo ka hyena mane e noho i nā wahi semi-arid. ʻO nā kumu waiwai nui kēia o nā lau savs, nā lāʻau akasia a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, nā anuʻu ala a me nā semi-deserto. I nā wahi kuahiwi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hyena beled ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3300 m ma luna o ke kai.
Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hyena i hoʻolauna i nā māla a me nā mauna me nā lāʻau i lulu ʻia.
Mea ʻoiai: ʻoiai kā lākou pale ʻana i ka make, ʻaʻole e noho hohonu ʻo hyenas ma nā wahi wao. Pono nā holoholona i ka inu mau. Ma mua o ka wai, ua hōʻike ʻia e hele mau ana nā hyenas i nā kumu no ka hoʻoulu wai.
ʻO nā inlets i loko o ka lua o ka hyena beled ka lōʻihi o 60 cm a 75 cm.No lalo o ke aniani ʻo 5 m. He kaʻalo me kahi vestibule liʻiliʻi. Aia nā hihia i kālai ʻia nā hyenas i kahi catacombs a hiki i 27-30 mika lōʻihi.
Nā hiʻona a me ke kaumaha
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pākeke mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, ka lōʻihi ma ka haneli a me iwakālua kenimika. ʻO ka huelo he kanakolukumamālima mau kenimika, ma ke kanaiwa kenimita kūhita, a ʻo kona paona ua kau ʻia mai ka iwakāluakūmālima a i ʻole ke kanalimakūmālima mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka mahalo, ʻaʻole like kēia mau holoholona i ka moe i ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka lōʻihi paha naʻe, hiki i ke kāne ka mea ʻoi aku ka kaumaha. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ola a hala ka hyena manena i ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mau makahiki, a i nā zoos - a hiki i 25 makahiki.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka belia?
ʻO ke kiʻi: Striped Hyena
ʻO Striped Hyena kahi mea hewahewa o nā wilds wild wild a me nā holoholona. Aia ka ʻai i ka meaʻai a me ka manuʻī i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ia mea. Hoʻokumu ka ʻai i nā koena o ka waiwai i pepehi ʻia e nā karnivora nui, e like me nā hyena ākea a i ʻole nā mea kikoʻī nui kikoʻī: nā leopona, liona, cheetah a me nā tiger.
Hiki i nā mākela hakakā i holomua.Ma hope o nā holoholona hānai holoholona ma nā wahi hānai, hānai nā hyenas i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea maʻi a hōʻeha ʻia, e pāʻani ana i ke ʻano o kahi kauoha. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine kēia ʻano holoholona i ka luku ʻana i ka holoholona a me ka hopu nui i nā mea kanu nui. He mea liʻiliʻi ka hōʻike o kēia mau manaʻo. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻalulu o nā iwi, nā lauoho, a me nā mea pālolo ma waena o Kenya, ua hānai nā holoholona i ka ʻai me nā manu liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻaʻole manaʻo o Hyenas i ka ʻai ʻana i nā kukuna. Me kā lākou mau kiʻī ikaika, ua hiki iā lākou ke uha i ka mauʻu aniani. Mahalo i nā niho ikaika a me nā huhū māla holomua, hiki nō hoʻi nā hyenas ke wāwahi a ʻūlo i nā iwi.
Hoʻohui ʻia ka meaʻai i nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai a me nā invertebrates. Hiki i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ke ʻano nui i kā lākou papaʻai. Hiki i nā holoholona ke kūleʻa me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai paʻakai. ʻO nā hua a me nā mea kanu, e like me nā melons a me nā kukama, ua ʻai pinepine ʻia i ka wai no kahi wai.
I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai, hiki i nā lua keʻa ke neʻe i kahi lōʻihi. I ʻAigupita, ua ʻike ʻia nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona me ke ʻano huakaʻi i kahi lōʻihi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā wikiwiki o 8 a 50 mau hola. Ua hele wāwae ʻo Hyenas i ka manaolana o ka mea i make i ke ʻano o nā holoholona hina hāʻule: nā kāmelo a me nā hoki. E makemake i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hyena i ka pō. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nā wā a me nā wā ua.
He leo leo
ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana o nā leo kamaʻilio e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he ʻānō i kani nā leo a me nā kani hou e kāhea ʻia ana e nā hyenas i ka wā hakakā me nā hoa ʻohana. ʻO ke kani nui a kēia holoholona i hiki ke lohe ʻia ʻoi ke kani "cackling". ʻO ka mea nāna e kōkuʻu i nā kani like i ka wā e hauʻoli ai ia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kuhi: nā holoholona makeke hyena
ʻO ke ʻano, ke ʻano, a me nā ʻano maʻamau o ke kaena heena ʻokoʻa ma kahi noho. Ma Central Asia, ola nā hyenas i nā pālua. Nā pēpē o ka makahiki i hala ma nā ʻohana. Kōkua lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Mālama ʻia nā pilina ʻohana i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.
Ma waena o Kenya, noho ka hyenas i nā hui liʻiliʻi. He mau mele kēia i kahi wahine a kekahi kāne. I kekahi manawa hui pū nā wahine. ʻO kēia mau pūʻulu o 3 kanaka ma luna aʻe. ʻO kekahi manawa ʻaʻole pili pili ʻia nā wāhine me kekahi, alakaʻi i kahi noho kaʻawale.
I ʻIseraʻela, noho hoʻokahi wale nā hyenas. Ma nā wahi e noho ai nā hyenas manamana i ka hui, hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke ʻano hana ma ke ʻano i noho aliʻi ai nā kāne. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā Hyenas i kā lākou wahi me nā mea huna o nā kulu anal a hoʻopau ʻia.
He manaʻoʻiʻo ia he holoholona nocturnal ka beled. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻopaʻa nā kāmelo i nā kāmeʻa i kahi lua i ka lā ākea i nā wahi i hiki ʻole i nā kānaka.
Hoʻaiho
E makemake ana nā kaona polena i nā wahi neoneo o ka lepo, akā ua loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā ʻalā. Noho nō ia ma nā ʻāina he nui loa, uhi ʻia i nā lāʻau kūwaha. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Hyena ma waena o nā puʻu pōhaku i ka pali, a me nā ʻūlala ʻē aʻe me nā lau nahele wīwī. Hāʻawi ʻo ia ʻaʻole e hoʻokolohua ma nā wao nahele, pono i ka āheu ʻana i ka wai. Pono e loko o ka loko i loko o kahi radius a ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻumi mau kilomita.
ʻO ia kahi mea ʻōpala ma ke ala e hānai ai. ʻO kā ka ʻai ʻana o ka holoholona i nā ʻano ʻalani a me nā ʻano ʻai. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hōʻole i ka ʻai ʻana i nā kino manuahi a me nā mea lehulehu, e like me ka gazelles, impals, nā zebras. Inā ua ʻai ʻia ka ʻili palu e kekahi, ua kūloe nā hyenas i nā iwi.
Hoʻopiha ka hy Striped i kāna meaʻai me nā hua, nā hua, nā iʻa, nā iʻa, nā mea hihiu, e make ana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi: nā rodents, hares, nā manu, nā reptile. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi he ʻumikumamālima mau ʻano hānai momi i hiki ke lilo i mea no ka honu mau. Ua aʻo ʻia kekahi poʻe i ka lawaiʻa holoholona holoholona (nā kao, hipa, nā ʻīlio). ʻO kahi mahele nui o nā koena o nā holoholona home a hiki i nā kānaka hoʻi i ka ʻai o kēia mau holoholona i kekahi mau wahi o ka mokana i hōʻike i ke hilinaʻi o nā hyenas i nā hana maʻamau a me ke ʻano o ka nohona kūloko. No ka laʻana, ma ka Middle East, nā wahi kupapaʻu, i ka hoʻohui me kā lākou hana kuʻuna, he mau mea e pilikia ai nā hyena: ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae iā lākou e ʻohi i nā lua kupapaʻu a ʻai i nā koena o ka poʻe.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Hyena ʻānō
Hana nui kēia holoholona i ka pō. I ka pō, ʻo ka hyena ka huakaʻi wale ma kāna pūnaewele wale nō, ʻoiai ke makemake e hoʻomaha i kahi ʻohana o nā ʻohana he nui. I ke awakea huna ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau ulu ʻole a i ʻole ma lalo o nā pōhaku i waena o nā pōhaku. Kūkulu ʻia ʻo ia o kona mau lua i loko o nā lua wai make, nā ana a i ʻole ma ka lua o nā lua kahiko i nā badger, nā piei a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻalo mālie ka hyena, ma ke kaʻao a i ke alo, a hiki ke hele ʻole ʻia a hiki ke noho kokoke loa i kahi kanaka. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ʻewalu mau hola i ka hola. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kuhikuhi o ka ʻimi no ka ʻai, ʻaʻole ka hyena e hoʻohana i ka kuhikuhi o ka makani, aʻo ka manaʻo maoli i ka ʻoni i lawe ʻia e kāna mau gives. He malihini maʻamau ʻo ia i nā ʻōpala lauwili e kokoke ana i nā wahi noho, i loko o nā māla i ka wā e hua ai nā hua.
ʻO ka beles helena he mea nui loa. He nani kona lohe a me ka ʻono o ka ʻono: hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke lohe i nā leo i hiki ʻole i ka pepeiao o ke kanaka. Ke kiʻi lākou ma kahi ākea mamao loa i nā leo a nā poʻe predator e hana nei. Hōʻalo pinepine lākou i nā hīneni i ka lawaiʻa, hiki ke kūpono iki. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā holoholona i nā mea pili a nā holoholona me kahi ʻōnaehana olakino e pili ana i ka ʻano. He liona kualino ulu lākou, kahi huna o ka mea e hōʻailona i nā kihi o ko lākou ʻāina. ʻO ka mahalo, loaʻa kēlā me kēia holoholona i kahi momona kūikawā.
Nā ʻōnaehana Social
Manaʻo ʻia ka hyena manamana i kahi moe, no ka mea, e hoʻopuka ana i nā mea kīnā. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou i nā nīnū pinepine e hana i nā puʻupuʻu i nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e ka wahine alakaʻi. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau pūʻulu e kekahi hui kaiaulu. Kōkua nā poʻe ʻōpio o ka ʻohana i ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpiopio ma ka lawe ʻana i ka mea pio.
ʻOiai ka pilina o ka pākōlō maʻamau ʻaʻole i maʻamau no ka lawehala o ka hyena pale, akā i ka manawa like. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Burrows, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, no ka wā pōkole ia no laila ʻaʻole mālama e mālama iā lākou. Hōʻike nā poʻe ʻōpiopio i ko lākou pale i ka poʻeʻelemakule. ʻO ka maʻa mau nā ʻāpana o kahi hui e kūleʻa i nā kuʻina, kahi e hoʻāʻo ʻo hyenas e hopu i nā pāpālina i kēlā me kēia. Hōʻike ka mea hoʻolilo i ke kaua i ka waiho ʻana ma o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka kumulene anal.
Hoʻohana pinepine ka belena hyena i ka waiwai o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Mai nā mea ʻōmole nui, no ka laʻana, he liona, e mālama ʻia ma kahi kūpono (e pili ana i kanalima mau mika). No nā kumu ʻike ʻole, mālama pono nā hyenas i ka Crocuta crocuta (hyena ʻae ʻia) a ka ʻae ʻia. He ʻākoakoa nui ka wahine makua i kekahi, a ʻo ko lākou ʻano i ka kāne.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO Strubed Hyena Cub
I nā wahine o ka hyena heled, hana ka estrus i nā manawa he nui i ka makahiki, kahi e hoʻonani nei iā lākou. ʻO Hyena hatching cubs i aneane a ʻekolu mahina. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ke ʻimi nei ka makuahine nona i he lua a ʻoka pono ʻole iā ia iho. I ka awelika, ʻekolu pēpī i hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi līneke, liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻehā paha. Hānau ʻia nā honu ʻōpio, ʻo kā lākou papaleka he 700 gram. ʻElima a ʻeiwa mau lā ma hope, wehe ʻia ko lākou mau maka a me nā pepeiao.
I nā makahiki he ʻehā mahina, ua hiki ke pīpī aʻai a ʻai hoʻi i ka meaʻai paʻa. Akā, ʻo ka wahine, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻomau lākou e hānai iā lākou i ka waiū, a hiki i ka hoʻololi i ʻeono mau mahina i ka makahiki. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka wahine makua i nā wahine hānai he mau makahiki ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, a hiki iā lākou ke lawe i ko lākou litter mua ma ka makahiki 15-18 mau mahina. Eia naʻe, i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hānau nā hyenas i ka manawa mua i ka 24-27 mau mahina.
Hāpai ʻia ka mālama hipa. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka hyena kāne i loko o ka lua. Ua ana nā ʻepekema ʻekena i ʻelua mau ana ma ka wao nahele Karakum. ʻO ka laulā o nā inlets he 67 cm a me 72 cm. Ma kēia kumu, ua iho nā lua i lalo ma kahi hohonu o 3 a 2,5 mau mika, a ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi i 4.15 a me 5 m, ma kēlā. ʻO kēlā me kēia nohona kahi kiʻikuhi me ka ʻole o nā “lumi” a me nā lālā.
Ma ka manawa like, nā pale o nā hyena i loaʻa ma ka ʻIseraʻela i loaʻa ke ʻano paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a keu - a i ka 27 m.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka hyena beled
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO Striped Red Book Hyena
I ka nahele, he kakaikahi ka ʻenemi heled. ʻAʻole ʻo ia ka ʻenemi ikaika no kekahi neʻe e noho i kahi o ka ʻāina.
ʻO kēia pili i kāna mau hana hyena a me kāna hana:
- Noho a manea kahi kaawale, aole kalaiwa i na hipa,
- ʻImi ʻo ia i ka meaʻai i ka pō,
- Ke hālāwai me nā mea hoʻolaha nui, e mālama ana i kahi mamao o kahi liʻiliʻi he 50 mika,
- E neʻe lohi ana, ma zigzags.
ʻAʻole kēia ke kue i ka hyena hakakā me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i kahi wā i ka hyenas e hakakā ai i nā leopards a me nā cheetahs i mea e hoʻokuke ai iā lākou i ka ʻai. Akā ʻoi aku paha kēia mau hanana i ka manawa hoʻokahi i ʻole e hana i nā poʻe wānana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā hyenas.
ʻO ka mea minamina, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia ke ʻōlelo ʻia no nā kānaka. He inoa maikaʻi ka launa ʻana. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ua hoʻouka lākou i nā holoholona a hōʻeuʻeu wale ʻia nā hale kanu. ʻO ia ke kumu e manaʻo ai ka lehulehu o nā nohona o nā hyenas i ka ʻenemi iā lākou a hoʻāʻo e hoʻopau iā ia i ka hiki. Eia kekahi, lilo ke ʻano hyena i lilo i mea hoʻowalewale.
Ma North Africa, ua manaʻoʻiʻo hiki i nā lālā o loko o kahi hyena ke ho'ōla i nā maʻi like ʻole. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻo ka hapanui o nā puʻupuʻu e hoʻāʻo lōʻihi e mālama i nā maʻi o ka maka. Eia kekahi i manaʻo ʻia he hiki i ka ʻili o kahi hyena iʻa ke pale i nā mea kanu mai ka make. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau mea i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua lilo nā hyenas i pepehi ʻia i ke ahi wela i ka mākeke ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻahaʻa ʻana no ka hyena e hoʻomohala ʻia ma Morocco.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
ʻO ke kiʻi: wahine wahine honi
ʻAʻohe helu ʻike pololei loa ma ka helu o nā hyenas. ʻO kēia pili i ka mea i ʻike ʻia i ka hyena manawaleʻa, ʻokoʻa ʻole i ka hyena i ʻae ʻia, ʻaʻohe holoholona i ka ʻeke. Mālama ka ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoiai he ākea ka nui, ʻo ka helu o nā hyenas manamana i kēlā me kēia pākahi.
ʻO ka nui o nā wahi i ʻike ʻia i nā neʻe manamana a ʻike ʻia hoʻi i ka Hikina Waena. Ke ola nei nā poʻe lehulehu i ka Kruger National Park ma ʻApelika Hema a ma ka ʻāina ʻo Kalahari.
In 2008, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources added a beled hyena i ka papa inoa o nā holoholona hihiu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hyenas striped i ka International Red Book. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hana kanaka kanaka. ʻO ka hemahema o nā honi e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ana i nā kenekulia he mau lākou i lilo i poʻe ʻenemi o nā kamaʻāina, ma ʻĀpana ʻAmelika a me India a me Kaukaō.
Eia kekahi, noho ʻo hyenas i nā Zoos ma ka honua, no ka laʻana, ma Moscow, ke kapikala o ʻAigupita, Cairo, American Fort Worth, Olmen (Belgium) a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Noho ka hyena manawaleʻa i ka Zoo o Tbilisi, akā, ʻaʻole naʻe, make ka holoholona i ka 2015, i ka wā i hiki mai ai ke kaiāulu nui ma Georgia.
Kāhea ʻia hyena kiaʻi
Kiʻi ʻ :lelo: Striped Hyena Red Book
Hāʻawi ʻia ka hyena beled i nā holoholona kokoke i nā holoholona i ʻehi ʻia i ka pau ʻole. Ua komo i loko o ka International Red Book i ka makahiki 2008, a ma ka puke ʻ Redlelo Lūkia Lūkini ma 2017.
E mālama i ka lehulehu, e mālama ʻia nā hīnaʻi kua nee i nā wahi mālama a me nā pā kīkaha lahui. I kēia lā, hiki i kēia holoholona ke loaʻa i loko o nā paka āiwi o ʻApelika - no ka laʻana, ma Masai Mara (Kenya) a me Kruger (South Africa). Noho ʻo Hyenas ma ke kikowaena Badkhyz (Turkmenistan) a me nā wahi i mālama ʻia ʻo ʻUbekistan.
I ka lilo pio ʻana, ua aneane pālua ʻia ka lōʻihi o ke ola he hemena ma muli o ka mālama pono a me ka hoʻokele e nā veterinari. I nā zoos, lahilahi ka hyenas, akā maʻamau ka hānai o nā kānaka i nā ʻolua. Ma muli o ka nui o ka pā o ka puʻupuʻu, ʻōlohelohe mau ka hyena wahine i nā ʻāpana a hiki iā lākou ke pepehi iā lākou.
I ka ulu ʻole, poaching kahi pilikia nui i ka hyena beled. He mea maʻamau loa ia ma Aferika. I nā ʻāina Aferika, ua lawe ʻia nā hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi no ka hopu manu ʻana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo Hyenas e nā pūʻulu nānā hoʻomalu. Eia kekahi, ua hopu mau ʻia nā hyenas i ka manawa, a hoʻomaha ʻia me ka noho ʻana, nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia. Me kā lākou kōkua, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka neʻe o ka holoholona.
Kāhea ʻia - He mea kālepa ʻino kāua me nā ʻano hoihoi a me ke ʻano maikaʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka inoa kaulana o Hyena ma luna o ka ʻāliʻi a me kona ʻano maʻamau. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, mālama loa kahi holoholona a me ka maluhia, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea mālama holoholona hihiu.
