Walrus - He holoholona nui loa me ka ʻili o ka ʻili. ʻO nā males ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻili ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā poʻohiwi. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau mea ulu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā wahine. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili e hiki i 10 cm, a me nā momona subcutaneous - 15 cm. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pipi ma mua o nā wahine - ʻo ke kaumaha o kekahi mau mea i hōʻea i 2 mau tonika, akā maʻamau ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 800 - 1500 kg. Ke kaupaona nei nā wahine i ka awelika 500 - 800 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka walruses pākeke he 2 - 3.5 m.
He ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ka walruses ʻōpio i ka lauoho melemele. ʻO nā holoholona pākeke "bald" i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, a lawe ko lākou ʻili i kahi pālaho. ʻO nā kanaka kahiko e ka hopena o ke ola e lilo i ʻulaʻula.
ʻO kahi ʻano kūikawā o kēia mau pinnipeds he mau ʻōpena nui. Hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi ka hiki i ka m 1. Ua kōkua lākou i ka holoholona i ka wā e neʻe nei ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao lulu a no ka uhai ʻana i ka hau. ʻO nā eliated elongated luna kiʻekiʻe i kuhikuhi ʻia ma lalo. ʻO nā kāne nui aku lākou a hoʻohana ʻia no nā hakakā me nā kāne ʻē i ka wā hānai. ʻO ka poʻe Males me nā ʻāpana nui e noho ana i kahi nui i loko o ka ʻohana.
ʻO ka laulā ākea, he pāpaʻi maloʻo antennae-setae ma nā lehelehe ʻo luna. Ua liʻiliʻi nā maka. Hoʻopili ʻia nā pepeiao i lalo o ka ʻili a ʻaʻohe ala e puka. Liʻiliʻi ka ʻili. Hoʻoula maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka mua, e ʻae i nā walruses e neʻe iki aʻe i lalo i ka pae, ʻaʻole like me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, kahi hiki ke pue wale i ka ʻāina.
ʻEkolu mau mau kaila walrus me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o waho - ka Pākīpika, ʻAmelika, a me nā kaiāulu Laptev.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
ʻOlnlēlīpīlīlīlīlīlīlika ka helu nui a me ka nui o nā holoholona. Noho no ia ma ke kahakai komohana o East Siberia, ma Wrangel Island, ma ka akau o Alaska. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoneʻe ka nui o nā walruses ma ke kūkulu hema - i ke Kai Berengovo, a Kamchatka a i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Alaska. Wahi a nā makuhiila hou, he 200 tausani mau holoholona ka nui.
ʻO walrus Atlantika liʻiliʻi e pili ʻia i ka hapakolu o ko lākou mau hoahānau o ka Pākīpika. Noho ia ma ka ʻākau o Canada, Greenland a ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Russian Arctic. Ua aneane pau loa ia e ke kanaka ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ʻole maʻa. Ka nui o ka heluna kanaka - 15 - 20 tausani kanaka.
ʻO ka lehulehu ka laptev walrus ka liʻiliʻi loa - ma kahi o 5 tausani mau kānaka. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ka Moana Laptev a me ke Kai Kara.
Ka noho ʻana a me ka Hoʻihoʻi
He mau holoholona hīnaʻi ʻo Walruses e kōkua mau ana a kākoʻo i kekahi i kekahi. Mālama lākou i nā cubs, hōʻailona i ka pōpilikia pili kokoke loa, a ma ka laulā ua hoʻomehana nui lākou i nā poʻe āpau i ko lākou hui. ʻO ka manawa wale nō i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka walruses i ka bully ka wā moena. I kēia manawa, hakakā nā kāne ʻelemakule hakakā kekahi no ke kuleana no ka male me ka wahine a noho i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka ʻohana. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ʻino nā holoholona. ʻAʻole lākou i hōʻike i ka hoʻonāukiuki i ko lākou mau ʻenemi maoli, e komo pū ana me nā kānaka, ʻoiai ke kākau ʻia nei nā hihia o nā kime walrus ma nā waʻa - hiki i kā lākou puʻupuʻu nui ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā moku liʻiliʻi.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
Hoʻokomo pū nā ʻohana Walrus i nā hoʻouna ma nā wahi āpau o ka rookery. ʻO nā Sentinels, e hilinaʻi ana i ko lākou ʻano o ka honi, hoʻolohe a me ka ʻike, nānā aku i nā bea polū a me nā kānaka, ʻo lākou ko lākou mau ʻenemi nui. I ka pōʻino, hoʻāla ka leo kiaʻi nui a hoʻāla i nā hoa moe hiamoe. Ua kiola ʻia ʻo ia i loko o ka wai a hiki iā lākou ke hūnā ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i 30 mau minuke, a hiki i ka nalo ʻana. I ka laulā nui, ʻoiai ka nui o ko lākou mea mahalo, hoʻāʻo ʻo walruses i ke kaua ʻole me ka poʻe, makemake e hoʻihoʻi i kahi mamao. Aia kekahi kanaka, e ʻike ana i ka mālama ʻana o nā walruses, e lele ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao lewa e ʻimi nei iā ia, me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole e hāʻawi i kona manawa a hiki i ka manawa hope loa.
ʻO ka papaʻai maʻamau o ka walruses ka mea i kūkulu ʻia i nā ʻano kūmole, nā ʻū, nā ʻōpū moana, nā kukama kai, nā mollusks, nā mea ʻaka, a me ka ʻano ʻole, ka iʻa. Hoʻouka ʻia ka mau keke i kekahi manawa, akā ʻaʻole hanana loa kēlā mau hihia. Hōʻalo ka walruses i nā kārite.
ʻAi lākou i nā ʻāina pāpū. ʻAʻole lākou i nā mea like ʻole ʻoi aku ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pinnipeds a ʻaʻole hoʻi e kaʻauʻau ma lalo o ka wai i kahi hohonu o 80 m. Ma kahi pā maloʻo, hoʻokele lākou me kāhea (antennae-bristles ma ka lehelehe luna). I ka wā hānai, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ka walrus i kāna mau likka, akā kālai i ka lalo me ke kōkua o nā pua a me nā ʻihi luna o ka muzzle. ʻOiai ke ʻano nui a me ka gluttony, ʻaʻole ka hopena o ka holoholona i ka hopena o ka ecosystem i kāna "mauʻu". Ma ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, hoʻokuʻu ka walrus i nā mea kanu hohonu i loko o ka palaki, a laila hana i nā kūlana kūpono no ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o nā holoholona lalo.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
Walruses noho a 30 mau makahiki ma ka hihiu. Loaʻa nā mules i nā puberty e ka makahiki 7, akā maʻamau ʻaʻole ia e aloha a hiki i ka makahiki 15. Ua mākaukau nā wahine no ka hapai ma nā makahiki ʻeono. ʻO ka maʻi (ka manawa o ka hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻana) i nā wahine i ka hopena o ke kauwela a ʻo Pepeluali, akā ua mākaukau nā kāne na ke kāne i ka leʻa o Pepeluali. ʻAʻole maopopo ka ʻepekema i ke kumu o ke kauwela kauwela o nā wahine.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻopau koke ka kāne i ka ʻai, hoʻomākaukau no ka moena. Ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻana a puni nā wahine, ʻike lākou iā lākou iho i loko o nā hana hoʻokalakupua, hoʻokūkū maʻa pinepine e alakaʻi ai i ka hakakā ma nā tusks. Ua koho nā wahine i ke kāne a lākou e makemake ai a aloha ʻia me ia i ka wai. Noho ʻo ka wahine hāpai a hiki i ka 16 mau mahina. Kahi nā keruba i nā makahiki 3-4. Hānau ʻia nā keiki ʻōpio ma waena o ʻApelila a Iune a hiki iā lākou ke ʻauʻau mai ka hānau ʻana. E noho ana ke keiki me kona makuahine a hiki i ka 5 makahiki. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā walruses ʻōpio e ka pua holoʻokoʻa. I ka wā pōʻino, uhi ka wahine i nā ʻōpio me ko lākou mau kino, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hōʻuluʻulu kekahi i ka wā ke hoʻomaka ka panikū i ka wai. I ka wā ʻaina, hiki i kahi bipi ʻeha ke piʻi i luna o kekahi kanaka a hoʻomaha.
Ka pae a me nā pilina a me kahi kanaka
I nā makahiki 18-19. ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa o ka walrus Atlantika i alakaʻi i ka pau piha o kēia holoholona. I kēia manawa, ʻae ʻia ka hopu ʻia i nā wahi a pau, akā ke ʻae ʻia kekahi mau kānaka o ke ʻākau e ʻohi i ka walruses liʻiliʻi, akā mea pono no kā lākou ʻai ʻana me ke kīlei i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻai, nā momona a ʻo nā iwi holoholona. No kekahi Pake, ʻaʻole makemake nā kīʻaha walrus i ka momona, akā ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka ʻōlelo walrus e kuke ʻia he mea momona maikaʻi ʻole.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
Ua hoʻopau ʻo Chukchi, nā Yupik (Far East o Lūkia) a me Inuit (ʻAmelika ʻAmelika) i ka ʻiʻo walrus i ka hoʻoilo āpau, mālama ʻia nā pōpoki a mālama ʻia a hiki i ka pūnāwai, nā ʻūlau a me nā iwi e hana ai i nā mea like ʻole, amulets a me nā mea nani. Hoʻopili kala wai wai - no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana o nā hale a me nā waʻa. Loaʻa nā mea hale kūʻai ʻenehana hou loa i nā mamao mamao, a ʻaʻole i hana ka walrus i ke kuleana nui i ke ola ʻana e like me 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, akā no nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe e mau nei i ka noi, a ʻo ke kālai ʻōpala walrus a me ka beading he kumu hana koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka nui o nā lehulehu walrus e paʻakikī i ka hoʻoholo ʻana. ʻAʻole maopopo i ka māhua o nā holoholona a me ko lākou make. Hoʻopau i ka helu pākuʻi a me nā kūlana paʻakikī o ka hale o ka walrus. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka walrus o ka Pakipika e like me ka mea e hoʻopau ʻia e ka Endangered Spies Act. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka walrus Atlantika a me nā kānaka Laptev i ka Red Book o Rūsia a ua hāʻawi ʻia i ka lua (e hōʻemi ana i nā helu) a me nā pūʻulu rarity liʻiliʻi a ʻekolu.
ʻO nā hopena o ka hoʻomehana honua kahi wahi hopohopo hou no nā zoologists. ʻO ka nui a me ka mānoanoa o ka hau aila (me ka mānoanoa o nā liʻiliʻi he 3 mau mika a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o 2 mau makahiki) ke emi mau nei, e pili ana i ka helu o ka hānau ʻana o nā holoholona a me ka nalo ʻana o nā noho maʻamau.
Wahi a nā manaʻo like ʻole, ʻo ka helu o nā heluna walrus āpau he 200-250 tausani.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
ʻO nā kiʻi ʻo Walrus
- I ka wā hope o ka hau, ua hūnā ʻia nā walruses a hiki i ka 37 kiʻekiʻe ma ka palena ʻākau. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia kēia e nā mea i ʻike ʻia a hiki i nā makahiki he 28 tausani mau makahiki. kokoke i Kapalakiko ma USA. Ma nā palena like ma ka palena ʻākau o ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika, Helene, Iapana, Turkey.
- ʻOiai ka nui o kā lākou nui, ʻā ʻia kekahi mau walruses e nā kohola luku.
- Me ke kumu ikaika, hoʻopili ka walruses tusks i ka lihi o ka hau, e hoʻopaʻa ana iā lākou iho ma lalo o ka wai. Kōkua lākou hoʻi i nā holoholona e piʻi i luna o ka hau hau. ʻO kēia hoʻohana i nā tusks i hāʻawi walrus i inoa inoa Odobenus rosmarus, i unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene he "hele e hele ana ma nā niho."
- Nui ka ʻōpū o ka walrus ka nui o nā kānaka o ke ʻākau i hana ʻōnaʻi wai.
- I ka wai anu, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia nā kīʻaha koko o nā holoholona, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili o ka holoholona maʻa keʻokeʻo.
Walrus. ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā walruses. ʻO ka wehewehe, hana hou, ʻike maka e pili ana i nā walruses.
Holoholona holoholona Walrus. Ke ʻano Walrus a me ka noho
ʻO Walruses kekahi o nā kamaʻāina kaulana loa o ke kūkulu ʻākau. He mau lehelehe lākou ma mua o nā wāwae i kamaʻāina i ka poʻe āpau, me kahi huelo e like me ka huelo o ka iʻa. He lua nui nō hoʻi ko lākou, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻokauwā aku me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻē i ke anuanu maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ke kumu walrus ua lilo i huaʻōlelo. ʻO kēia mau momi kai nui nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka wai o ka ʻAliki.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Wahi a ka helu zoological, aia nā walrus i ka ʻohana walrus a me ke kauoha o pinnipeds. ʻO ia, he mau pololi lākou ma mua o nā wāwae. ʻO nā hoahānau kūʻokoʻa o nā walruses nā ʻīlio mua, kahi like ko lākou like me ka helehelena. No ka lōʻihi lōʻihi, ua manaʻo ʻia nā pinnipeds he hoʻokahi detachment, akā, e like me nā manaʻo hou, e pili ana nā alima pepeiao i nā walruses wale nō, a ʻo nā ʻīlio maoli nā laina like ʻole.
Wikiō: Walrus
I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea a me nā pinnipeds ʻē aʻe ke hele mai mai nā kūpuna like ʻole, a me kahi ʻano like o ke kino a me nā limu ma muli o nā kūlana ola. Hoʻololi nā laina o nā hilo pepeiao a me nā walruses ma kahi o 28 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Ua hele ʻo Walruses iā lākou iho i kā lākou mana hou i kahi 5-8 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei a noho i ka ʻāina Pākīpika. Noho lākou i ka wai Arctic ma kahi o 1 miliona mau makahiki.
ʻEkolu mau ʻākina walrus hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me nā haki non-intersecting, a me nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi i kahi helehelena, ʻokoʻa ka:
- Walo walrus
- Walrus Kania,
- Laptev walrus.
ʻOiai, e like me nā hopena o ka noiʻi DNA a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike morphometric, hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻepekema e manaʻo he pono e haʻalele mākou i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā subspecies o ka Laptev walrus ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa. ʻOiai ke kaawale ʻana o ka pā o kēia mau walruses, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka nui o ka komohana o ka komohana o ka Pākīpika subspecies.
Wahi e noho ai walrus?
Whakaahua: ʻO Walrus
Noho ʻo Walruses ma nā kahakai o ke Kai Kūʻai a puni ka Pole ʻĀkau. ʻO kā lākou huakaʻi he circumpolar. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā holoholona ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, a me nā loko kahiki o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me nā mokupuni he nui Artct. Akā ʻaʻole e like me nā hilo, ʻalo nā walruses i nā ʻōmua wai ākea a hoʻihoʻi i ka hau, no laila hoʻāʻo lākou e noho kokoke i kahakai.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, makemake ka walruses e noho ma kahi o ka hohonu i ka lalo ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau mika. ʻOiai ka hapanui o kā lākou papaʻai i ka lalo o nā mea ola lalo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōpū a hoʻolilo i ka ikehu, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā holoholona. Akā i ka manawa like, aneane kēlā me kēia walrus e hiki ke holo i kahi hohonu o 150-200 mau mika.
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi: hiki i ka walruses ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka puʻuwai o ko lākou puʻuwai i ka wā holo. ʻO kahi papa nui o ka momona subcutaneous, kahi mea ulu wela maikaʻi, e kōkua iā lākou e kū i nā wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Loaʻa nā holoholona i nā kala, akā pōkole. I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe ka lehulehu o walrus i ke kūkulu hema, akā he 100-200 mau kilomita. No kēlā mau holoholona nui, he mea liʻiliʻi kēia.
ʻO ka nui o nā walruses e noho ma ka Chukchi Peninsula, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka Bering Strait, a ʻo nā hapa nui he nui i noho ma ka Semana ʻo Labrador. ʻIke ʻia nā walruses ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana a me ke kikowaena o ke kapakai o Eurasia. Ma kahi o loko o Greenland a me Svalbard, noho nā ʻelele o nā subspecies Atlantika.
Loaʻa kēia mau walruses ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Russian Arctic. Aia kahi ʻāpana o Laptev walrus kahi i kū hoʻokahi ma ka waena a me ke komohana o ke kai Laptev. ʻO kēia ʻōpio nā liʻiliʻi.
He aha nā meaʻai a walrus?
ʻO kiʻi: ʻAmelika walrus
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kaila walrus he mau pālua a me nā invertebrates benthic, i ʻoki ʻia ma nā hohonu o 50-80 mika.
Hiki pū ka meaʻai:
- Kekahi mau ʻano lobsters
- Kuanui
- ʻO nā wīwī polychaete.
ʻO nā mea maʻamau, ʻai nā walruses i nā octopuses a me nā holothurians. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hānai ʻia kekahi mau mea iʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole mālama ka walruses i ka iʻa. Hiki i nā Walruse ke ʻai i nā pinnipeds ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, e sila ana i nā pihi a i ʻole nā ʻīlena i hāmeʻa ʻia, akā ʻokiʻoki loa kēia i nā hihia kūʻokoʻa loa, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai maʻamau no nā kānaka a pau. Hoʻokū wale ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka, no laila, ʻaʻohe pono e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona ʻē. Ma nā pilikia nui ʻole, hiki i nā walruses ke hōʻake i nā manu lele.
I ka awelika, e lawa ai, pono ka ʻai ʻōpio walrus a hiki i ka 50 kg o ka iʻa a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka hana ʻana ka meaʻai ma lalo iho nei. ʻO ka mua, ʻo ka walrus me nā hua manu ikaika e piʻi ana i ka wai a iʻa maloʻo, "ʻehā" i ia a me nā huki mai nā lā. Ua holoi ʻia ka huʻu e ka neʻe nui o nā pua, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka uhi i naki ʻia i nā hard call he nui, a ʻai ʻia ka ʻiʻo. I ka like like, kū mai ka weheʻana o nā pupu a me nā crustaceans. ʻO kā lākou mau walruses ke kahili maoli ʻia mai ka lalo e ʻai. Ua ʻimi ʻia ka meaʻai e hoʻohana ana i ka vibrissae ma ka maka o ka holoholona.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi: ʻO Walrus Red Book
ʻO nā holoholona Walruses kekahi holoholona holoholona. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēlā me kēia pipi mai 20 a 30 mau walruses, akā ma kekahi mau hale ʻaina mau haneli a ʻoi pū kekahi mau holoholona i hui pū ʻia. Hoʻokahi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻohana e ka ikaika a male loa. ʻO ka hoʻomaha mau manawa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea me ia a hoʻāʻo e lawe i ke poʻo. ʻO ke kumuhana o ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa he aneane mau wahine.
I loko o nā holoholona, holo pinepine nā holoholona i kēlā me kēia, no ka palena palena ʻole o ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka hau. Loa pinepine iā ʻoe e moe ma kou ʻaoʻao, i kekahi manawa e hoʻomaha ana i kou poʻo ma kahi walrus e kokoke ana. A inā he liʻiliʻi nui loa, a laila hiki iā lākou ke moe i nā papa ʻelua. ʻO ka holo ʻana nō ka "holo" holoʻokoʻa: hele i kekahi mau holoholona i ka wai e ʻai ai a i ka ʻoluʻolu paha, a hoʻi hou nā walruses i ko lākou wahi e moe ai.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi: aia ma nā kihi o nā rookeries walrus i aneane aneane mau sentinels e ʻike pinepine ana i ka pōʻino, e makaʻala koke i nā poʻe āpau me ka leo nui. Ma hope o kēlā hōʻailona, holo ka pipi nui i ka wai e like me hoʻokahi.
Ma ka pilina me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a me kekahi i kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maluhia a me ka ʻoluʻolu loa. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, aia ka walrus wahine i mea kanu ulu makua, kahi mea e pale malū nei lākou i nā pōpilikia i ka pōpilikia, a mālama pono wale nō i kā lākou poʻe mamo, akā o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. He ʻoluʻolu loa lākou. Hiki i kekahi walrus pākahi i ka pipi e piʻi i kekahi pahu e piʻi i kona kua a moe i laila.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Whakaahua: Walrus Cub
He holoholona mālie a me ka ʻoluʻolu nā Walruses, akā i ka wā kahalaha, e hiki mai ana i ka hopena o ʻApelila a i hoʻomaka mua paha o Mei, ʻo ka ʻōpio pinepine ka hakakā no nā wahine. I ka hakakā, hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou mau kaha ikaika, akā ʻaʻole e waiho i nā poho ikaika i ke kino o ka hoa hakakā. ʻO nā Walruses ka ʻili mānoanoa a me kahi ʻāpana ikaika o ka momona e pale ai i ka hōʻeha koʻikoʻi i nā kino o loko.
I ka hopena o ʻApelila, ua nui ka nui o ka sperm kāne i loko o nā walruses kāne, a ua mākaukau lākou e hoʻohua i ka wahine. ʻO ka wahine, ʻo ka manawa, ua mākaukau no ka hoʻomohala i kēia manawa, a i ka wa waena o Mei hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomohala i ka lōmū o ka lāpū hānai.
Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, hoʻomau nā walruses i ko lākou ola maluhia i kā lākou bipi. Hāpai nā wahine hānai i kā lākou hua i ka makahiki. ʻO ka pēpē wale nō kāu e hānau mau ai. ʻO kona paona ua loaʻa i 60-70 kg, ka lōʻihi o kahi mika. Hiki i kekahi walrus liʻiliʻi ke ʻauʻau i loko o ka wai mai ka hānau ʻana, kōkua kēia iā ia i ke ola ʻana inā he pilikia, a ola ʻo ia ma hope o kona makuahine.
ʻO ka manawa lactation i loko o walruses he lōʻihi loa - e like me ka nui o nā makahiki ʻelua. No laila, hoʻonui ka walruses i hoʻokahi manawa wale i kēlā me kēia 4-5 mau makahiki. Hiki i kahi wahine ke lilo pinepine i ka hapai inā hoʻokahi wale nō ka make o ka cub ma mua. Ke ulu nui ka ulu nui i nā ʻōpio walrus, pau ka lactation a hoʻololi ka holoholona i ka hānai ponoʻī. Hoʻokiʻelima nā kāne i ka ʻeono a ʻehiku mau makahiki o ka wahine, ʻo nā wahine ma mua o ka lōʻihi.
Ke hoʻomau nei nā kerubima e noho i loko o ka ʻohana like me ko lākou mau mākua, akā he kanaka kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā walruses
Hoʻi kiʻi: Walruses Russia
ʻO Walruses ka nui a ikaika loa, no laila he mea liʻiliʻi loa ka poʻe e hōʻeha iā lākou. ʻO nā holoholona ʻāina, loaʻa wale ka māka i ka hopena ʻana i nā walruses, a hana pēlā ma ke ʻano. Ke kiaʻi nei ka lawehala i ka walrus ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao o ka hau a i ʻole kahi kokoke i ka lua o ka lua, kahi e puka ai ka walrus.
ʻO ia manawa o ka lawaiʻa ʻana e pono ke ku e ka oso iā ia, i hiki iā ia ke kū hou hou i ke kupapaʻu. ʻO ia, inā ʻaʻole ia e pepehi a hōʻoki paha i ka walrus mai kahi pā hoʻokahi, a laila e pale aku ka walrus iā ia. I ke kaua ma waena o kahi walrus a me ka bea, hiki i ka lua ke hōʻeha koʻikoʻi mai nā kolo o ke kai nui.
ʻO nā bears no nā pēpē a me nā mea liʻiliʻi o nā walruses he mea weliweli loa hoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke kūʻē pololei iā lākou ma ka ʻāina, ma ka hau. ʻAʻole hiki i nā keiki ke hāʻawi i ka pale kūʻē ikaika a make pinepine loa i loko o nā ʻāpana o nā mea e ʻike ʻia.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia e kūʻē ai i nā walruses pepehi kanaka pepehi kanaka. ʻOi paha lākou i 3 mau manawa nui aku i nā walruses, a me 4 mau manawa i ʻoi aku ai ma mua o lākou, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale me ka pale iā lākou iho mai nā kohola pepehi kanaka. Hoʻokele ʻo ia e pakele wale ana inā loaʻa ʻo ia i ka ʻāina. ʻO nā ʻatikala o nā lawaiʻa pepehi pepehi he like mau. Ua mare lākou iā lākou i loko o kahi ʻohana o ka walruses, hoʻokaʻawale, a laila hoʻopuni iā lākou i kahi kūʻokoʻa a kaua kuʻi iā ia.
ʻO ka ʻenemi nui o nā walruses ke kanaka. No kaʻai, ka momona, ka ʻili a me ka ʻula, pinepine ka poʻe i ʻimi i nā walruses. Ma hope o ka pepehi ʻana i hoʻokahi walrus, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i kou ʻohana no nā mahina he nui, no laila he nui nā walruses i make ma ka lima o kahi kanaka. Akā ʻaʻole wale ka pōloli i ka poʻe e make i kēia mau holoholona malū, mālama pū ʻia nō hoʻi lākou e ka hopu ʻuʻuku.
Eia naʻe, no laila, he nui nā walruses i make no ke kumu ʻole. Kūleʻa hāwili lākou i ka ulu, a me ka nui o nā walruses ua hōʻemi loa ia. No ka hoʻonui ʻana iā ia, nui nā manawa e pono ai, a, me kēlā mea e ʻōlelo ai kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli ʻia kēia kaʻina.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kiʻi: holoholona Walrus
ʻAʻohe ʻike pololei loa e pili ana i ka helu o ka walruses i kēia lā. Wahi a nā manaʻo koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka nui o nā luna o nā subspecies o ka Pākīpika ma kahi o 200 tausani mau kānaka. ʻO ka helu o ka walrus Atlantika he kauoha o ka kiʻekiʻe i lalo - mai 20 a 25 tausani mau holoholona, no laila e noʻonoʻo ʻia ana kēia subspecies. ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa o ka poʻe Laptev. ʻO kēlā mau walruses i kēia lā mai 5 a 10 tausani.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka mana nui o ka heluna o kēia mau holoholona ʻaʻole wale e nā hana kanaka, akā e ka loli ʻana o ka honua. I keʻano kūikawā, aia ka emi o ka nui o ka hau hau a me kona mānoanoa. ʻO ka mea pōkole, ma kēia hau, walruses i hoʻokumu i ko lākou rookeries no ka hoʻomoe a me ka hānau ʻana i ka wā hana.
Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia no ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā climatic ua loaʻa ka emi ʻana o nā wahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha no nā walruses ma kahi o ko lākou wahi hānai kūpono. Ma muli o kēia, ua paʻakikī nā wahine wahine i ka nui o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Ma muli o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā walruses, pāpā ʻia i kā lākou pae kalepa a ke kānāwai i nā ʻāina a pau. Ke palena palena, ʻae ʻia ka lawaiʻa a me nā poʻe kūlohelohe, nona ka pili ʻana i ka pili me ka walrus hōʻili.
Puʻuwai Walrus
Kiʻi: ʻO Walrus Red Book
ʻO nā Atlrrusus a me Laptev subspecies e noho ana ma nā wai Lūkia e kākau inoa ʻia ma ka Red Book o Russia. Mālama ʻia ko lākou mau wahi āpau kai, a ua pāpā ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana mai nā kanalima o nā kenekulia XX. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā pūnaewele Rookery i kahi mālama, a hōʻemi ʻia ka hana ʻoihana i ko lākou mau puke. Akā ma waho aʻe o kēia, ʻaʻohe hana kūikawā a me nā hana hou no ka mālama ʻana i nā walruses i hana i ka kikoʻī.
Ma o nā ʻāpono hui honua, ua hiki i ka nui ke hoʻonui i ka ulu kūlohelohe o nā walruses. I ka awelika, ʻo kēia ma kahi o 14%, ʻo ia ka 1% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka make o kēia mau holoholona. Me ka hana i hana ʻia, ʻoi pū ʻia hoʻi e hoʻonohonoho i nā haʻawina o nā noho a mālama pono ʻia i nā helu ma ka maʻamau.
Aia kekahi manaʻo e hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka lehulehu, he mea kūpono ʻole ka pale ʻana me ka nui o ka walruses iā lākou iho e like me nā holoholona a lākou e hānai ai. Aka, keia kekahi o na ana i hiki. Aia hoʻi kekahi manaʻo e pili ana ka emi ʻana o nā helu me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau. Hoʻopiha nui kēia i ka hoʻihoʻi kūlohelohe o nā lehulehu.
ʻO ke ʻano hana kūpono wale nō ka palena o ka hoʻopailua ʻana i ka make ʻana o ka wai moana a me ka wai, me ka kaupalena ʻana i nā mea hoʻohaunaele, e like me ka walaʻau ʻana o nā mīkini helikopter a me nā moku holo ʻole. A laila walrus e hoʻihoʻi hou i kona mau kānaka a hoʻomaka paha e hoʻihoʻi i kona kūlana i ka honua honua.
He aha ka mea like me ka walrus?
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Walrus kekahi o nā ʻelele nui loa o ka pūʻulu o ka pinnipeds, kahi lua no ka nui o nā elepani i ka nui. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka pākeke ke hiki aku i ka 3-4.5 m me ka nui o 1.5-1.8 tons, me nā wahine liʻiliʻi i ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne.
ʻO waho, ua like ka walrus me nā sila o nā pepeiao, a ʻo kona kino ākea e hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻikepili a me ka hiki ke kūlohelohe i nā liona moana a me nā sila, nā mea kupaianaha no ia ʻano nunui. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino walrus me ka ʻili mānoanoa, koʻikoʻi me nā kumu o ka lauoho. Pono ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili ma ka umauma e hiki i 4 cm, ma ka ʻōpū - 8 cm, ma ka ʻāʻī - a hiki i 10 cm.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka poʻe ʻōpio e kahi ʻekena polū ʻulaʻula, me ka wā o ka makahiki, lilo ka ʻekepili i ke kino a paler, nā ʻōpō kahiko he ʻulaʻula i ka kala. Ma muli o ka ʻili o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka wai hau, ua lilo kekahi mea keʻokeʻo e ʻeleʻele ana.
ʻO ka walruses ʻōpio ua uhi i ka lauoho ulaula, a pōkole, ulu ka lauoho melemele i ka ʻili o nā ʻōpiopio, e ʻokiʻoki i ka wā e ulu ai ka holoholona. ʻAneʻa ke ʻili o ka ʻili o nā walruses kahiko.
I nā muzzle pōkole a ākea, nui nā kīwaha paʻakikī a paʻakikī i loaʻa i kekahi mau laina lihalihi. No laila, ma ka waha o luna o kahi pākeke pākahi, hiki mai 400 a 700 mau bristles - vibrissae, ulu aʻe i 13-18 mau lālani. Vibrissas koʻikoʻi loa, a me ka mānoanoa ʻaʻole lākou i haʻahaʻa i ke kaula. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao lepe lalo, he ʻōpū a elongated ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe.
ʻAʻohe nā pepeiao o waho walruses, kahi e ʻike ai lākou e like me nā sila paʻa maoli. Akā ʻaʻole e like me kēia hope, ua kūlou nā wāwae o ka walruses i ke kuʻi kuʻekuʻe a ʻoi aku ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana i ka lepo. ʻO ka palepale o mua a me nā kāleka, i uhi ʻia me nā ʻōpala. Ma nā pua, 5 mau manamana lima e hoʻokaʻawale, e hoʻopau me nā puʻupuʻu pōkole, puʻupuʻu.
Hoʻokahi maikaʻi ʻia ka wailua walrus a he puʻu pōkole pokole a.
He aha kahi walrus e like me ka ʻaoʻao. Photo walrus. Walrus.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Anatomical
ʻOiai ke ʻano o nā mea like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka hui o ka pinnipeds, he mau hiʻohiʻona ka walrus i hōʻike ʻano like ʻole o nā holoholona.
ʻO nā pharynx kāne o nā pēpē e like me nā pēpē-like ʻole me ka laka paʻa ʻole, ka mea e hiki ai ke hoʻopue a me huli. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e ʻae nā ʻenekini o ka esophagus i ka ea i pakele. Mahalo i kēia "float", hiki i nā walruse ke ʻauʻau a ʻaʻole ʻauʻau i ka moeʻuhane. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻeke o ka ʻāʻī e komo i ka hana kani: ʻo ka leo walrus he ʻano hui ʻana o ka moo a me ke kuli.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua Walrus ma ka palu ʻana, akā ma lalo iho o ka uhi ʻili o ka ʻili. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻōmaka momi e 2 mau wāwae o ka ʻōpala, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke lilo i 5. ʻO ke ʻano pilikino lua o ke kāne he ʻano ʻōpū ma ka ʻāʻī, nā poʻohiwi a me ka umauma.
ʻAno ka manawa o nā koina i luna o ka ʻōpū ma lalo, a ma luna - ua liʻiliʻi a i ʻole i kā lākou wā kamaliʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia ʻano hana hiʻohiʻona e ka ʻike ʻana i nā pupu holomua i kūpono i ka pāpaho o ka iwi āpau - ʻo ke ʻano kūlike o nā walruses.
ʻO nā lehele Walrus
ʻO nā ʻāpana elongated (aiʻole tusks) i hāʻawi ʻia i nā kāne o nā kāne ʻelua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine he 30-40 cm, i nā kāne ka ulu ʻana o nā kui a 60-80 cm ka lōʻihi (ma nā specimens pilikino a hiki i 1 m) a loaʻa ka nui o 3 a 5.4 kg.
Hoʻohana ka poʻe Walruse i nā ʻōpena i nā hakakā a me nā hakakā, a holo i loko o ka hau me kā lākou kōkua, a ʻoiai nō hoʻi e like me nā mea hana, e hana ana i nā lua i ka mānoʻi o ka hau. ʻO nā kāne ikaika i ka pipi mau ke aloha nā wai ikaika loa.
ʻO nā lehele Walrus.
Roa a me subspecies
Hoʻokele ʻia ka laulima walrus i kahi apo a puni ka Pole ʻĀkau. Wahi a ka halihali, kahi ʻano maʻalahi o nā ʻano hou i nā 3 subspecies o walruses:
Walrus Pākīpika (lat. Odobenus rosmarus divergens) noho i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻāina o Far Wā. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā wai o Chukchi a me Bering Seas a i nā mokupuni i kahakai ma Kamchatka. ʻO ka hapa nui loa e noho ana ma ka mokupuni o Wrangel.
ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo o nā subspecies ka nui o nā walruses nui loa ma ka lewa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kāne e hōʻea i ka 3-4 m me ke kaumaha o ke kino ma kahi 1,7 a 2 mau ton.ʻO ke kaumaha o nā wahine ma ka 900 kg. Hoʻokomo nā Tusks o nā kāne i 80 cm, wahine a hiki i ka 40-60 cm.
Ua kapa ʻia ka walrus o ka Pākīpika i ka walrus hikina o Eurasia, a ua loaʻa i ka walrus kona inoa Latin divergens ma muli o nā ʻeko i loaʻa i kahi ʻoi aku ma mua o nā nā ʻelele o nā subspecies Atlantika.
ʻO walrus Atlantika (lat.Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) aia ma ke Kai Kara a ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka moana Barents, i kekahi manawa komo i loko o ke Kai Kai. I ka hopena o ka luku ʻole ʻia, ua loaʻa ka lāhui o kēia mau mea i kahi o 20 tausani kanaka. Loaʻa nā hui he nui o nā puke i nā awa a me nā uku o ka mokupuni ʻo Franz Josef Land.
ʻOlrrus Atlantika ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka subspecies: ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ka loa o ke kino o nā kāne he 2.5-3 m, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kāne he lōʻihi a 34 i 38 cm, no nā wahine, mai 27 a 33 cm.
Ua kapa ʻia ka subspecies i ke komohana o ka walrus Komohana o Eurasia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka Red Book o Russia ma kahi haʻihaʻi a he nui hoʻi ka hōʻemi.
Laptev walrus (lat. Odobenus rosmarus laptevi) ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻo kona kūʻokoʻa ʻana ma ke ʻano he subspecies e nīnau ʻia ana. Noho ka ʻāina he mau walrus i waena o nā makahiki a i nā ʻaoʻao waena a i ke komohana o ka Kai Laptev, ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ke Kai Kara a ma ke komohana o ka ʻaoʻao Siberian East.
Aia ka laptev walruses i nā kahakai o East Taimyr, ma Lena River Delta a ma nā Mokupuni o Novosibirsk.
I nā ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka nui o ke kino, noho ʻia nā subspecies ma waena o nā hoahānau pili o ka Pākīpika a me ʻAmelika. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne ke hiki i 4.1 m, nā wahine - 3.7 m. ʻO nā keiki o nā kāne hiki ke 65 cm ka lōʻihi, a ulu nā wahine i ka 58 cm.
Kuhi ʻia ka Laptev walrus i loko o ka Red Book o Rūsia ma kahi subspecies aʻilihune a paʻakikī hoʻi.
Ma kahi e noho ai nā walruses
ʻO Walruses ka poʻe kamaʻāina o ka ʻAmeleka Hema a lōʻihi loa nā huakaʻi hele, ma kahi lōʻihi. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i kahakai, ma nā wahi pāpū, ʻaʻole ma mua o 90 m hohonu, e pale ai i ka hau.
Ke lilo nei i holoholona holoholona, nā walruses e noho i nā ʻohana 10-20 o nā kāne ʻelua, a ma nā rookeries hui i hui mai nā haneri a 3,000 mau kānaka hoʻokahi, ʻo ia ka nui o nā wahine. He mea hōʻeuʻeu: ʻo ia kahi ʻano hierarchy ʻaʻole i noho i ka ʻohana, nā kāne manawaleʻa i kūpaʻa i nā holoholona ʻōpio a me nā lālā a pau o kēia hui i ko lākou mau kuleana.
Ua hoʻomaha ʻo Walruses ma ka ʻāina a i ʻole kahi papa hau, ʻaʻole neʻe e ka mamao o ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. Ma muli o ke ʻano anatomical kino o ke kino, hoʻomaha ka wahi i kahi kūlana, a hiki i ka walruses ke hiamoe ma ka wai, me ka ʻole o nā lā i ka ʻāina. Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi momona momona (a hiki i ka 250 kg o ka momona i kēlā me kēia kanaka), ʻaʻole hiki i ka walruses ke hōʻulu malū kino.
He ʻoluʻolu a me ka maluhia ʻo Walruses ma muli o ko lākou mau ʻohana, akā ma ka manawa like lākou e makaʻala a akahele hoʻi: waiho mau ʻia nā hoʻouna ma nā wahi āpau. ʻAʻohe mau maka maikaʻi ʻole ʻo Walruses, akā ke māla maikaʻi ʻia ka olfaction a hoʻokokoke ka poʻe i nā walrus a ʻoi loa, no laila ke hoʻāʻo nei nā mea lawaiʻa e hoʻopuni i ka hipa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema.
Ma ka liʻiliʻi me ka pōʻino, e hoʻāla ke kiaʻi i kona mau hoahānau me ka leo nui, a ʻo nā kehe a ka mea i hoʻohaki ʻia i loko o ke kai, huna i loko o ka wai wai a hiki ke hele i waho o ka ea no kahi mau minuke 10 mau minuke.
I ka wā e holo ai kēlā me kēia kanaka i make i ka stampede a lilo i ka waiwai pio i nā bea polar.
ʻO Walrus rookery i kahakai i Alaska.
He aha nā meaʻai e walruses?
ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻai walrus i kūkulu ʻia i lalo o nā mollusks: me kāna mau ʻolu, nā lāʻau walrus i loko o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻohi i nā nui he nui, ua kaʻoki pū ʻia ʻo ia me nā flipous callous. Noho ka ʻōpū i ka lalo, a me nā huaʻelima, i nā nui he nui e ʻai ʻia e ka walrus. E hoʻopau piha i ka walrus, pono ia e ʻai a hiki i ka 50 kg o ka mea hoʻonani i kēlā me kēia lā.
Mai nā mea ola benthic, nā crustaceans a me nā wīwī hoʻi hele i ka meaʻai walrus. Inā nele nā mea nui o ka meaʻai, pono ke ʻoluʻolu nā walruses me ka iʻa, inā ʻaʻole lākou i makemake.
I ka hihia o walruses ʻaʻole e hoʻowahāwahā i ka kalima. Nui loa ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe hōʻino a me nā nīwī.
Ma kekahi kīleʻa maʻalahi, walruses, hoʻopili wikiwiki, a kūkulu i kahi nui o ka momona o 5-10 cm, ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi wale nei i ka buoyancy, akā e pale pū ai hoʻi i nā holoholona mai hypothermia.
Walrus ma lalo o ka wai.
Walrus hoʻoulu
Walrus puberty e loaʻa ana i nā makahiki 5, a hiki i nā holoholona ke hana hou i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 3-4 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka wā pā ma ka lā ʻApelila-Mei a ʻo kēia manawa ke hakakā mau ka kāne no ka wahine. ʻOiai ke hōʻeha ʻia e nā hoa hakakā kekahi me nā tusks, ʻaʻohe mau mea hōʻeha i nā hakakā.
ʻO Walrus walrus hāpai ka wahine ma kahi o 340 a hiki i ka 370 mau lā, hānau ʻia 1 kime, ke ʻano hakakā ʻole. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka cm mai 80 cm a 1 m, a ʻo ka laulā he 30 kg. Mai nā lā mua o ko lākou ola, hiki ke ʻauʻau walruses.
Noho ka hānai ʻana i kahi makahiki hoʻokahi, ʻo kekahi manawa a hiki i 2 mau makahiki, ʻoiai mai ka makahiki 6 mau mahina e hoʻomaka ai ka walrus e ʻai i ka meaʻai nui a kona mau mākua. He pūpiki pālua nā wahine a ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i kāna keiki inā ʻoiai he pōpilikia hanohano.
E noho ana ka pēpē me kona makuahine a hiki i ka makahiki 3, a hiki i ka hoʻomau ʻia ana kāna mau ʻōpio. Inā make ka makuahine, ʻo ke koena o ka pipi e mālama i ka keiki makua. A i ia manawa, pili nā walruses a pau i nā kuia āpau, pale, a inā pono, kōkua. No ka laʻana, i ka wā e ʻauʻau ai, hiki ke hoʻomaha ka bipi ʻeha ma o ka piʻi ʻana i ka kua o kekahi o nā bipi.
Inā nalowale ka makuahine i ka cub i 1 makahiki o kona ola, a laila hiki iā ia ke hānau i kahi makahiki aʻe. Ke ola nei ka ola i nā walruses he 30-36 mau makahiki, kahi e ulu ai nā holoholona 20 mua. Wahi a kekahi hōʻike, aia ma waena o walruses he mau lōʻihi lōʻihi e ʻoi aku he 40 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka wahine walrus me ka pēpē.
Kōkua: walrus pēpē i hānau ʻia ai i loko o kahi pālama ma Germany.
ʻO nā hae o nā walruses
Ma nā ʻāina nui arctic, ʻelua mau ʻenemi kumu nui: nā polar bear a me nā kohola pepehi kanaka.
Ke lilo nei i hekili o ka ʻAla Arctic a puni, kī ka polar bear i nā walruses i kahi hihia koʻikoʻi, me ka nui o kaʻai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ka hakakā ʻana me ka walrus ma luna o ka ʻāina, he mea paʻakikī loa ka wai, a ma ka wai pono ʻole maoli ʻole ia.
No laila, hoʻomanawanui ka ʻūlū ʻana i ka mea kahiko i waiho ʻole ʻia me ka makuahine o ka cub, a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka walrus ma ka ʻōpala a i ka manawa e puka mai ai ka walrus, e kāʻī iā ia me ka hana nui o kona mau wāwae, a laila pepehi iā ia.
Puhi i nā kohola, he ulu a 8 m ka lōʻihi, ʻoi e hoʻouka i kahi pūʻulu lawaiʻa, ʻokiʻoki i kekahi mau kanaka mai nā bipi a ʻai ʻana. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā Walruses i ka wā e puka ai lākou i ka ʻāina a i ʻole kahi hau hau i ka manawa.
A lōʻihi ka manawa, ke noho mau nei ke kanaka no ka ʻenemi nui o walrus. ʻO ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā walrus e ka wort a ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa hoʻi i ka makahiki 18-19 a i hōʻea ai i ka popo i ka nui o ka lehulehu a me nā haki piha ʻana mai nā wahi o ka ʻāina.
Loaʻa nā koena o ka walruses ma nā wahi mahana, akā ʻo ka poʻe i lawe i ka walrus i ka Pole ʻĀina nui, kahi hiki ke pilikia i kahi kanaka e komo i loko.
I kēia mau lā, pāpā ʻia nā lawaiʻa i nā walruses e nā kānāwai o nā ʻāina āpau, a me ka hopu manuahi, ma ke ʻano he palena paʻa loa, ʻae ʻia i nā poʻe ʻōiwi wale nō o ke Akau, e komo pū me Chukchi a me Eskimos.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana ʻo Walrus e nā kānaka ʻōiwi o ke Akau
ʻOiai ke kū nei o ka ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana, ke pili mau nei ke ola o nā ʻōiwi ʻākau i pili i ka lawaiʻa walrus. Holo lākou i nā walruses i ka hopena o ke kauwela a hoʻohana i nā māhele āpau o ka holoholona no ke ʻoihana.
ʻO ka ʻai ʻoki he kumu waiwai nui o ka protein i ka hoʻoilo a ua manaʻo ʻia ma waena o nā mea ʻai meaʻai pono. Walrus flippers ferment a pale aku a hiki i ka pūnāwai he mea ʻono maikaʻi ʻole. Hele aku ka ʻili ikaika i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā noho, nā pahu kokoke a me ka hana ʻana i nā kaula. ʻO ka ʻili a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻili ka mea kūpono no ka hana no ka mea hana hoʻokeo wai. Hoʻopili ʻia ka momona a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomehana a hoʻomālamalama i nā hale.
ʻO kahi mahele nui o ka moʻomeheu o ka hapa nui o nā kaiāulu ka hana ʻana i nā hana a me nā ʻoniʻawe mai nā iwi walrus a me nā tusks.
Hōʻike maoli
Puni ka holoholona i loko o ka wai me ka pale ʻole iā lākou iho a me ko lākou mau hoahānau a hiki i ka make: hemo lākou ma lalo o nā waʻa a wāwahi i nā lua i loko o lākou, a e hoʻohuli hoʻi i nā waʻa me nā puʻupuʻu ikaika.
I nā lā ʻo Kapena Kuki, nā mākaʻi i loko o ka pua wī i hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka kokoke loa o ke kapakai e ke kani ʻana o nā walrus, i lohe ʻia no nā kilomita he nui, a no kēia aloha ua hoʻopakele ʻia lākou mai ka hoʻokūkū me kahi papahele hau.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka iwi baculum, aia ma ka uaka walrus, aia ma kahi o 50 cm, he moʻolelo mau loa i waena o nā mammals e pili ana i ka loa o ke kino a me ka lōʻihi loa. Mahalo i kēia ʻike kū hoʻokahi, hānau ʻia ka ʻōlelo ʻino "walrus horseradish".