ʻO ka ʻeke lawaiʻa o Lūkia, e pili ana nona ma kahi o 40% o ka hopu o ka halibut, salmon, pollock, cod a me nā kahe ʻana o Kamchatka Western, ʻo ke Kai o Okhotk. Ua nīnau ka pilikia pilikia o kēia wahi i kēia ʻōlelo. ʻO ka pā kaiāulu a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina ʻo Far East he mau mea nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ko mākou ʻāina. Akā ʻaʻole kūpono lākou i nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotsk, a mākou e kamaʻilio pōkole ai i kēia moʻolelo.
Hoikehonua
Mai ka makahiki 2014, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo 52 tausani mau kilomita kime o ke Kai o Okhotsk i Rūsia e ka UN. ʻO kēia kai kai ʻāina o kā mākou ʻāina kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka Pākīpika e nā mokupuni ʻo Hokkaido a me Sakhalin, ʻo Kamchatka Peninsula a me nā Kuril Islands. ʻO ka ʻāpana ākea o ka moana he 1603 tausani kilomita kilomita, ʻo ka hohonu hohonu he aneane 4 tausani mau mika, a ʻo ka awelika he 1780 mau mika. Mai ʻOkakopa a Iune, ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kai i ka hau. He Cupid piha piha ʻo Kukhtuy a me Okhota e kahe ana i loko o ke kai. ʻO ia ka inoa o ia hope i loaʻa ai kona inoa, ʻoiai ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo Lamsky lāua ʻo Kamchatsky.
Nā hōʻailona hoʻohālikelike
ʻO ka palena wela o ka wai i ke kauwela he +10. +18 ° C, i ka hoʻoilo - a hiki i - 2 ° C. Hoʻopili kēia i ka ʻili o ka ʻaoʻao, a ma kahi hohonu o ka 50 mau mika, ke kahe o ka wai waena me ka paʻa o ka manawa i ka makahiki, a he +1.7 ° C. ʻO ka palena o ka wai ma ka lehele he mai ka 32.8 a hiki i ka 33.8 pakeneka. I loko o ke aniani waena, ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka paʻakai (34.5%). Ma ka deltas o nā wai wai wai, ʻaʻole nui iʻoi aku ma mua o 30%. ʻO ka lemope subhotate Okhotk, kahi ʻāpana o ka ka ʻAina Eurasian, ka mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻomaha ma lalo. Eia nō naʻe, ke hōʻike ʻia nei kēia wahi holoʻokoʻa e ka nui o ka hana Seismic, ma kahi o 30 mau lua pele e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi.
ʻĀina waiwai
ʻO kēia lawaiʻa lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa e like me nā pabi a me ka lawaiʻa. ʻO kahi ʻāpana o ke Kai Kūʻai Nui e hele i waena o ke Kai o Okhotsk. ʻO nā awa nui loa o ka ʻāpana o ka Far East ma mua o kona kahakai: Magadan, Severo-Kurilsk, Korsakov (Sakhalin) a me Okhotsk. Ma ke kahakai kahawai o Sakhalin, hoʻomohala ʻia nā lako hana hydrocarbon. E like me nā koho helu o kēia wā, aia ma 8 - 12 biliona mau o ka nui o ka wahie. ʻO kēia kahi o 12% o nā kaila e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia o nā papa hoʻomau o ka ʻāina a hiki i ka 4% o ka nui o ka lāhui no ka hydrocarbons.
Biota o ke kai o Okhotsk
ʻO nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka kapakai a me nā mokupuni o ke kai o Okhotk he waiwai a kū hoʻokahi. Aia ma kahi o 150 mau kahakai a me 12 mau moku kai kūloko o 12. Ke kokoke nei ka huina he 11 miliona mau kānaka, i hōʻike ʻia e 15 mau ʻano. I ke kai, he nui ka lehulehu o nā ʻōlima hulu, leopards, nā kaihe, nā kohola ʻākau (sperm whales, killer whale, and humpbacks). Aia nā moʻo salmon, katranas, he nui wale nā stingrays. ʻO nā lāʻau iʻa ʻehā (a hiki i 200 mau ʻano), i hōʻike ʻia e pollock, kīkē, kekahi mau ʻano o ka flounder, herring, salmon a me nā mea he nui ʻē aʻe o ka iʻa, ʻike i ke ola o nā biota nui o nā mamalia. Ke ʻano nui o nā invertebrates (mollusks, echinoderms, crustaceans) a me nā momona waiola nui o ke kai i loaʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole.
Kahi lani a me kahi phytoplankton kūʻokoʻa
Noho mua kēia moana i ka honua i nā ʻoihana o nā mea kūʻai aku o nā crustaceans. 80% o ka hana honua o kā Kamchatka crab e hua ʻia i ke Kai o Okhotsk. Hoʻopilikia ka pilikia o ke kaiapuni i kēia mau hoʻopiʻi ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea kanu ka mea e hōʻike ai i ka maʻemaʻe o ka wai. Kahi ʻo Kamchatka ma aneʻi e hiki aku i nā mika he 1,5 mau wāwae a kau ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 3 kilograms. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Phytoplankton e nā diatoms. Nui ke kai i loko o ka enaena (kelp), ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā kumuwaiwai o ke Kai o Okhotsk
ʻO ka lawe ʻia ma ke kai o Okhotsk he 1603 mau tausani mika. km., ka hohonu hohonu loa he 3916 m, ka awelika he 821 m. ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka inoa o nā iʻa he 40, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi bass, navaga, herring, pollock, cod. Salmon - chum salmon, pink salmon, chinook salmon, sockeye salmon ua pālahalaha nui, loaʻa nā waiwai momona o ke aikau (1 wahi ma ka honua). Mai lalo mai o ke kai, kahi mea hōʻoluʻolu e loaʻa ai, nā aila a me nā hydrocarbon raw material e hoʻopili ʻia. Ua hōʻiliʻili nā ala moana i Vladivostok me nā ʻāpana o Kuril. E hāpai ana kēia mau ʻōhua āpau i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke Kai o Okhotsk e pili pono ana.
Pāʻalo kino
ʻO ke kai o Okhotk, ka pā, ka wai e holoi ana i ke kahua ʻo Kamchatka, a hiki i kēia manawa ke manaʻo ʻia he maʻemaʻe. ʻO kahi pākōnō nui, loaʻa kēia ma muli o kēia āina ʻaʻohe wahi āpau a me ka hoʻokaʻa ʻana i nā minerale raw mineral, ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻono o ka hana ohi honua.
ʻO nā kahe a me nā kahuhina a Kamchatka a pau i hoʻomāluulu ʻia i loko o nā kiʻina liʻiliʻi, ke ʻano pono ʻia lākou e ka lehulehu o ka lawena a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ma muli o ka nui o nā kumu hoʻopukapuka nui ma ka wahi.
Ma nā kahawai o ke komohana ʻākau a me kahakai komohana e hele ana i ka pāpū o Western Kamchatka, kahi i nui nā makika pit. E hui pū me nā wai kahawai, ʻano nui nā wai me nā koena o nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu a me nā meaʻeha. I kekahi mauʻano, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike ʻaila o nā huahana i nā wai wai, ʻo ia no ka holoi ʻana e ka ʻino a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai mai nā wahi e waiho ai nā wahi kīmaha a me nā lubricants.
Kūpono, loaʻa ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā mea o nā huahana a me nā mea kūʻai i nā wahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka ʻauwa moana. Akā ka mahalo i ka hana o nā wai, nā ʻāpana a me nā kahe, ua hoʻoneʻe wikiwiki ʻia kā lākou ʻike i ka wai, ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ka wai ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻino i nā mamao o nā wahi he mau mile mai ka kumu o ka haumia.
Hoʻonuiʻia ka pilikia mai ka hana hinu
Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo ke kahakai o ke kai o Okhotsk, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o nā kai o ka Hikina Farateka, kū pololei a me ka hana nui. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ke kūlana ke hoʻololi i ka nānā ʻana i ka huli ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā huahana aila, kahi hoʻoweliweli e hoʻonui i ka pā anthropogen.
Hāʻawi pinepine kēia mau hana i ka loli i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā kaiāulu a me ke kūkulu ʻana, kahi emi o ka biodiversity a me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka huahana bio.
Manaʻo ʻia ka Hydrocarbon i nā mea nui o nā aila hinuhiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā meaola, hoʻopiʻi i kahi hopena ʻona. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea momona i ka paila (5-50 mau hola / 1 miliona mau wai) e hoʻopilikia ai i nā kai moana. ʻO ka aila ʻaila, ʻoi loa i nā helu haʻahaʻa loa, nā pohihihi i ka lalo o nā manu a me nā planktonic.
Ka hōʻike ʻana o ka ʻikepili i ka noiʻi ʻana i ka helu o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā huahana hinu i loko o nā wai o ke kai o Okhotk e hōʻike nei i kahi kaʻina lohi. Ma muli o ke ea ʻana o ka makani a me nā haʻalulu, e kahe aku ka aila ma o kahi mamao loa, a laila e hoʻopilikia nei i ka mokuʻala o ka ʻāwina o nā wahi wai kahi e hoʻoneʻe nui ʻia mai ka ʻahae mai.
Pāʻalo kino
ʻO nā kumu nui o ka hoʻomake ʻana i ka aila e pili ana me ka hoʻoiho ʻana i nā huahana i hoʻoponopono ʻia e nā mea hoʻomehana hinu i ʻāpono i ke kahakai, nā moku holo ana, a me ka neone ʻana o ka ʻaila mai ke Kai o ʻĀ. Hiki mai ka pōʻino mai ke kahawai o nā kahawai e kahe ana i loko o ke kai. Me ke kōkua o ka makani a me nā kaha ikaika, ua uhi ʻia kahi wahi nui o ka ʻona kai i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni.
ʻO nā pilikia o ke kaiapuni e kū mai ana ma muli o ka hoʻopā i ka hydrocarbon i waiho ʻia i loko o nā aila, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea olaola: nā aila aʻa, a me ka hoʻoliewa ʻole, nā mea ʻala a nā kai.
Ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kai, pono ka lōʻihi. Nā hopena:
- nā hoʻololi i ke ʻano hana a me ke ʻano o ka wai kai,
- ka emi ana o ka iʻa a me ka ola kai,
- ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kai bio-huahana.
Nā huahana aila wai i ka wai
Ke hele nei ka huakaʻi o ke Ala Kahiko Nui nui i loko o ke kai, a ʻo nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotk i liʻiliʻi ʻole i ka nui o nā moku a me nā mākaʻi i loko o kona mau wai. Hoʻokomo kūpaʻa nā hanana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kēia kahi hoʻololi i nā kīleʻa acoustic, magnetic, radiation, ka uila a me nā wai wela ma nā wahi wai. ʻO nā pilikia o ke kaiapuni o ke kai o Okhotsk e hoʻoulu ʻia e nā hale a me ka pau ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ʻike wai a me nā huahana wahie. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻo ka moku ka pilikia nui loa, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kākau i kēia mea.
He aha nā mea e alakaʻi aʻe ai i nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotsk?
Hōʻalo ke ea
ʻO nā māka wai, ʻo nā mākaʻi kaua, nā moku kaua, nā moku a me nā moku lawaiʻa, nā lawaiʻa a me nā lawena lawaiʻa iʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Kuhi nā poʻe ʻike i nā kumu he ʻumi o nā hopena maikaʻi loa o ka moku ma ka lewa, biosphere a me nā pilacro:
- kahua ʻaka
- wahi aku keakea,
- kahua radiation
- mahina uila,
- kahua wela
- hoʻololo home,
- ulia hui
- kahu wai,
- bille wai
- huahana
ʻOiai ʻo ke kumu kai ke alakaʻi ʻole i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni i ka pōʻaiapuni, ʻaʻole pono e haʻalele ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano ʻenehana, ma muli o ka ʻike nui ʻana o ka lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa a me nā moku kīkē i nā palena palena o ka Moana o Okhotsk.
E nānā i ke wikiō: Ke kai o Okhotsk
Hoʻolālā ʻauhau
ʻO ka hana hydrocarbon ma ke kīhā o ke kai o ke kai ʻO Okhotsk he pilikia kaiapuni o kahi ʻano hiki. Ua ʻimi ikaika nā hui kaiapuni o Sakhalin a me Kamchatka e huki i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻoihana aupuni a me ka lehulehu i nā pōʻino e kali nei iā mākou ma kēia ala. ʻO nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotk a me nā ala e hoʻoponopono ai iā lākou e pili pono ana i ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā kūlana palekana o ka honua i nā ʻoihana aila. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hydrocarbon - ʻo ka mea nui o ka hana o ka aila - hōʻiliʻili i nā mea ola, a hiki i ka nānā ʻana o 5-50 mau ʻāpana i ka 1 miliona mau wahi o ka wai, e hoʻopōʻino i ka ola kai. A ʻo ka aila hinu i loko o nā wai liʻiliʻi e hoʻomake ai i ka mea nui o ka mekala meaʻai - ka mea kanu lalo a me ka plankton holoholona.
He hoʻokele ʻano hana
ʻO ka lawaiʻa a me ka lawaiʻa maikaʻi e alakaʻi i nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotsk. Kue kue keia i ka huaolelo o ka lawaia a nui loa i ka nui o ka hana. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā kumuwaiwai o nā crustaceans (Kamchatka crab), salmon (East Sakhalin pink salmon) a me nā mea he nui ke kālepa aku. Ke noʻonoʻo nei nā hana kānāwai hou i ka Sakhalin Oblast e hoʻemi ana a hoʻopaʻa ana i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka lawaiʻa a me nā hana kai. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka makahiki 2014, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hakakā ʻana me ka iʻa lawaiʻa ma ʻaneʻi.
Nā mea kupaianaha o ke Kai o Okhotsk
Aia wale ma kēia ʻāina he nui nā mea kupanaha e ʻike liʻiliʻi ʻia nei e ka poʻe. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻo ka mākeke moana o ʻApelila. ʻO kahi mauʻa momona ākea e noho ana ma ke kahakai kahawai e ʻai i ka iʻa a me nā kai. A he ʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻo ia i nā kamaʻāina kamaʻāina mai ka hana ʻino i nā waʻa a me nā hōʻeha o nā mea ʻona ma lalo o ka wai. Hoʻokahi ʻohana hipa o kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka ʻīlio nui a hiki ke ʻai iā ia. A i ʻole kaiāulu manu ʻōiwi kai iʻa - nā iʻa (perch ʻohana) kekahi i ʻike ʻia i nā mea ʻokoʻa. Mai ʻai, nā mea ʻeha mau a hahaʻi i kahi wetsuit. A i ʻole he mea mana kupaianaha a līlio - kahi kukuna moana. ʻO Trepang (echinoderms o ke ʻano holothurian), inā ʻo ka pilikia, e hoʻolei ana iā lākou iho i ka ʻenemi me ko lākou mau mea pōkole ponoʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia ko lākou mau mea huʻihuʻi e ke kanaka i ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano like ʻole.
ʻO nā kumuwaiwai o ke kai o Okhotk a me nā pilikia o ke kaiapuni o ka Pākīpika i lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana o nā luna hoʻomalu. Kuhi ʻia i ka mea nui o kēia wahi i ka ʻoihana kalepa a me ka ikehu o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, i ka hoʻohui ʻia i nā papahana regional no ka mālama ʻana i ka biota ecological, ʻike ʻia ka hana ʻana o kahi papahana ʻoihana kūwaho.
Hoʻopilikia kūleʻa Nukarini
Hōʻike ʻia ka pilikia e pili ana i ka nalo ʻana o ka radioactive by sunken a i pohā i nā mea pili me ka nalowale o kā lākou pale pale ʻana. Nā hihia:
- I ka makahiki 1987, ua lawe ʻia kahi mea kaha radioisotope e ka helikopter i kahi wahie mamao loa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma muli o nā pilikia i loaʻa i ka wā o ka lele, ua hāʻule ʻia i loko o ke Kai o Okhotk e kokoke ana iā Sakhalin. ^ E Ha yM. Ma hope o 4 mau makahiki, ua kauoha ʻia ka ʻoihana koa e ʻimi i ke kiʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia.
- I ka makahiki 1997, ua hāʻule nā pailaka ukaʻi i kahi puna wela radioisotope (RTG) i loko o ka wai wai kokoke i Cape Mariapili i ka papa hana mua. Ua lawe ʻia ka mea hana mai ke kai ma 2007.
- Wahi a nā limahana o ke Kurchatov Institute Research Center, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau RTG 39 hou e ke kai kū ʻana i ke kai o Okhotsk me ka pale hewa ʻana i nā pono o ke kaiapuni.
Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā mea hoʻomalu radio ma ke kai o Okhotsk e hoʻoweliweli aku ai iā Rūsia no 600-800 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ʻole ke hana i kahi wānana e pili ana i ka hopena o nā mea i ka wai ma luna o ka moku Okhotsk a me ka nui o ka lehulehu ma muli o ka nele o ka ʻikepili i ko lākou kūlana.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kai o Okhotsk
Holo ʻia kēia ʻōpū e nā kahakai o Rūsia a me Iapana. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻia ma ke kai Pakipika e ka Kamchatka Peninsula, ʻo Kuril Islands a me ka mokupuni ʻo Hokkaido. Akā ʻaʻole mau ʻia he moana i loko, ʻoiai ua kamaʻilio ia me ka wai kai ma o nā wahi wale. ʻO ke Kai o Okhotk kekahi o ka hohonu hohonu ma Rūsia: hiki kona hohonu hohonu i ka aneane 4 mau kilomita. ʻO ka ʻāina o ka kaʻi waiʻa he nui - ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mau tausani kilomita mau kilomita. ʻO ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ke kai ua uhi ʻia me ka hau no ka ʻeono mau mahina o ka ʻeono, kahi e hoʻopiʻi nei i nā hana lawaiʻa a me nā pilina o ka lawe ʻana. Ma ka hema, mai ke kahakai o Iapana, ʻaʻole kahi kaʻawale o ke kai o Okhotk a ua maikaʻi kona wai i ka iʻa a me ka mea kanu. ʻO ka hūnā o kēia kaila wai e komo pū ana ka mea iʻike i kona kahakai a he nui nā uku. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia kekahi mau wahi i nā huaʻai seismic, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i nā ʻino a me nā tsunami. Ekolu mau muliwai nui - ka Amur, Okhota a me Kukhtuy - e kahe ana i loko o ke Kai o Okhotsk. Pili pū nā pilikia o kona kaiāulu i kēlā mau wahi e holo ai lākou.
Nā kumuwaiwai o kēia ʻāina
ʻAʻohe waiwai nui o ke kai o Okhotk i ka iʻa ma muli o kona ʻano mahana. Akā ʻo ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma laila ua kūkulu ʻia. Hoʻohui pili nā kumu o ke kai o Okhotk a me nā pilikia o ke kaiapuni o nā wahi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma muli o nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa a me ka hana ʻana o ka ʻaʻa e hōʻeha ana ka biosystem. ʻO ka iʻa lawaiʻa waiwai nui i loaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻāina: navagu, pollock, herring, flounder. Nui ka nui o ka salmon - chum, pink salmon, coho salmon a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, aia i loko o kahi iʻa moana kaulana loa i nā'āina he nui, aia nā squid a me nā urchins kai. Aia nā loko iʻa o ka moana i loko o ke kai o Okhotk: nā silaina, nā kohu, nā kohu manu a me nā kohola. ʻO ka ʻenemi a me ka ʻulaʻula ia ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi waiwai lawaiʻa waiwai.ʻO nā pahu o ke aila a me ka hau, a me kekahi mau metala hakahaka i loaʻa, i loaʻa ma ka papa moe o ka waiwai.
Nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu
ʻO nā pilikia kai kūlohelohe o ke Kai o Okhotk e pili pono ana i ka pili ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano o nā iʻa a me nā holoholona moana. ʻO ka pili e pili ana i nā koholā a me nā koholā huluhulu, kahi i hoʻopau ʻia. No laila, he mea nui loa e pale aku i ka poaching a me ka hopu ʻole ʻana. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻano nui o nā iʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka salmon, ua emi nui ka puʻu. Ma muli o kēia a ma muli o ka hoʻohaumia o ka wai kai me nā huahana aila, lilo ko lākou waiwai waiwai e lilo i mea haʻahaʻa. Hoʻopilikia ka kūlana kūlohelohe i ka nui o nā algae i ʻoki ʻia no nā pono kīwaha hale.
Hoʻoholo i ka Moana of Okhotsk
Ua hoʻomaka lākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kaila o ka ʻāina ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20 wale nō. I kēia manawa ke kani ʻana o nā mea kūlohelohe i ka alohilohi no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka aila ʻaila o ka wai. Ma kahi o nā hana maʻamau no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia o ka pōʻaiapuni i nā makahiki, ua koho ʻia nā koho he nui e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana ma ia wahi:
- ua noi lākou e hoʻohuli iā Kamchatka a me nā wai kokoke i pili iā ia i loko o kahi waihona waiwai o ka ʻumi-hoʻomehana honua e waiho ana ma ka papa inoa o nā wahi hoʻoilina paʻa honua.
- ʻO kekahi ʻōlelo aʻe ke kūkulu hou i ka paona o ka ʻahahui holoʻokoʻa o Kamchatka a hoʻokuʻu iā ia mai nā hana waiwai ʻole ʻole.
- Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia koʻikoʻi nui ia e hāʻawi i ke kai o Okhotk i ke kūlana o ka moana i loko o ka moku o ka mokuahi Lūkia. E kōkua kēia i ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā pilikia he nui: ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa ʻana, hoʻomaloʻo wai i ka moku o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe,
- He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hakakā i ka luku nui ʻana i nā holoholona moana - poaching.
ʻOiai inā hele koʻikoʻi ʻoe i ka hoʻonā o nā pilikia o ka pōʻaiapuni o ka ʻāina, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka biosystem kū hoʻokahi o ke Kai o Okhotsk.
Pāʻalo kino
ʻO nā wai mua o ke kai o Okhotsk i manaʻo ʻia he maʻemaʻe. I kēia manawa, ua loli ka kūlana no ka hana o ka aila. ʻO ka pilikia nui o ke kaiapuni ʻo ka haumia o ka wai e nā huahana aila. Ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ka aila i loko o ka wai, a me ka loli a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka wai i loli, ka hua ʻana o ka bio-hua o ke kai, a me ka haʻahaʻa o nā iʻa a me nā ʻano kai like ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pōʻino i ka hydrocarbon, ʻo ia kahi o ka aila, no ka mea, he hopena hona i nā meaola. A ʻo ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻī, he lohi loa. Hoʻopau ka aila i ka wai o ke kai no ka wā lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka makani ikaika a me ka wai ikaika, hohola ka aila a uhi i nā wahi nui o ka kino wai.
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ʻO nā ʻano lepo ʻē aʻe
Eia kekahi, loaʻa ka ʻaila mai ka pale o ke Kai o Okhotsk, ua lawe ʻia ʻia nā kumuwaiwai mineral ma aneʻi. E like me ke kahe ʻana o nā wai i loko o ke kai, hāʻule nā wai lepo i loko. Lohe ʻia ka ʻāina wai e nā wahie a me nā hinu hoʻomehana. E hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā waiwai o nā kaiaulu a me nā hana i loko o nā kahawai o ka pā o Okhotk, e ʻoi aʻe ana i ka uluhia o ka ʻĀina kai.
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Nui nā manaʻo o nā moku, nā moku a me nā moku like ʻole me ka moku o ke kai, ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano ʻanuʻu like ʻole. Hoʻopuka nā kaʻa lawaiʻa i ka radiation a me ka magnetic, ka uila a me ka polou. ʻAʻole ʻo ka wahi hope loa ma kēia papa inoa ka haumia e ka pauku hale.
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ʻO ke Kai o Okhotsk e pili ana i ka palena waiwai o Rūsia. Ma muli o ka hana ikaika o ka poʻe, ka nui o ka ʻenehana, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka pale o ka ʻekekema o kēia ʻōnaehana hydraulic. Inā ʻaʻole hoʻololi ka poʻe i ko lākou manaʻo i ka manawa, a hoʻomaka e hoʻonā i kēia mau pilikia, aia kahi manawa e hoʻopau loa i ke kai.
Hoʻopilikia i ka Maritime
Lawe ʻia ka wai wai ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻenehana. Nui nā moku a me nā moku ukana e holo ana i loko o ke Kai o Okhotsk. Ma muli o kēia i ke kahakaha nā ia o ke alanui Moku ʻĀkau. ʻO nā moku a me nā moku hoʻokauwili i ke kaulike o ka ékological.
ʻO ka hopena e hōʻino ʻia ma muli o ka mana o ka acoustic, magnetic, radiation, ka uila a me ka wai wela i nā wai. Eia kekahi, e hoʻolei aku i nā huahana wikiō hoʻoili ʻia. Aia ka palena o ke kai o Okhotk ka liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ka i ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, no ka mea, ʻo ia wale nō ke ala e kamaʻilio ai me nā Kuril, ko Sakhalin mokupuni a me Kamchatka.
ʻO 40% o ka lawaiʻa e kau ʻia ma ke kai mai ke Kai o Okhotsk. Lawaiʻa nā lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa iʻa ma laila. Eia kekahi, loaʻa he hopena maikaʻi loa nā mākele, nā moku kaua a me nā moku halihali, nā moku kalaiwa e holo ana ma ka North Sea Route.
Hoʻopilikiaʻia nā biogeocenosis ma muli o ka lawaiʻa
ʻO ka hoʻohemo ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai o ke Kai o Okhotk a me nā pilikia kūlohelohe he mau kumuhana pili ʻelua.
Ma ka moku, e maue mau ana ka manawa lawaiʻa, a ua hoʻonui ʻia hoʻi ka nui o ke kaʻi.
Loaʻa nā ʻano o nā iʻa koʻikoʻi: navaga, pollock, herring, flounder. Eia kekahi o nā ʻelemona i noho ai i loko o laila: chum, pink salmon, coho salmon a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke Kai o Okhotk i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e kapa ʻia ʻo ka lani crab. Ma kahi o 80% o ka hana honua o kā Kamchatka crab i hana ia i loko o ka wai o kēia kai.
Aia ʻia ka mea moana no kona nui. Aia a hiki aku i ka 1.5 mau mika ma ka laulā o nā paila, a ʻo ka nui o ka lōʻihi i ka 3 kg. Eia kekahi, noho ʻo squid a me nā urchins kai ma laila. Hōʻike ʻia nā kuʻikahi e nā hōʻailona, nā kelepona, nā kohu huki a me nā kohola. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana a me nā aleka ka ʻula he kumu waiwai ʻoihana.
Hāʻawi ʻia he mau crustaceans he hōʻailona o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā kīpapa me ka pau ʻole. Eia kekahi, hoʻomohala ʻia nā poacher i kēia, e hoʻohiolo ana i ka ʻano o nā ʻano o nā ʻano ʻoihana o nā kai holo.
Hoʻomaopopo loa kēia moana i ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana ʻāpana o ka hoʻokele Lūkia. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole wale nā papahana regional no ka pale o nā biota hoʻomehana, akā ke manaʻo ʻia nei ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kahi papahana ʻoiola o ka ʻike kūloko.
Nā ala e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia kūlohelohe
Hoʻomaopopo i ka hōʻeha koʻikoʻi o ka pilikia o ke kaiapuni e hiki mai ana i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20. Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā pilikia pili i ke kaiapuni i kēia lā e hoʻokau ʻia ma ka pae federal a koi ʻia i nā hoʻopukapuka kālā nui. Nā ala e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia kūlohelohe o ke kai o Okhotsk:
- kaohi ʻana i ka nui a me ka manawa o ka lawaiʻa, e kaupalena ana i ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea e ʻike ai i lalo o ka iho ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kamaʻāina moana.
- ka hana ʻana o kahi ʻikepili e hiki ai ke hoʻopili hou i nā mollusks, shrimp, algae, kahi wai kūlohelohe maoli.
- ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻenehana loea i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kahakai.
- ka nānā ana i nā hoʻokuʻu kaulike wai, hana hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻae me nā palapala i apono ʻia.
- e hana ana i kahi kāʻei nahele e hoʻopaʻa i ka hiki ʻana o nā māla mahiʻai i loko o ka wai.
Ke hōʻole nei i nā pilikia e hoʻopilikia i ka microflora kai o ke kai o Okhotsk a me ke kaulike o ka wai honua.
Aia nā kānaka āpau i nā pehu pono o ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka nānā o ke kūlana ʻo ka hapalua ia o ka kūleʻa. ʻO kahi ala koʻikoʻi wale nō ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻonā a hoʻokomo iā lākou i ka hana e kōkua i ka haʻalele ʻana i nā pilikia o ka pōʻaiapuni honua i loko o ka moku a mālama i ka maʻiola ma ke kai a Okhotsk.