Pink-jaeded, a Kaleponi boa (Lichanura trivirgata) kahele ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao hema hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (San Diego ma Kaleponi, ma ke kahakai o ka penikala, ʻākau ma ka Mojave Desert a ma ka hikina i Sonora, Arizona: nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka muliwai Gila) a ma ke komohana ʻākau o Mexico. Noho nui ia ma nā wahi pāpū i uhi ʻia me nā lāʻau sima, canyons, kaparral, nā wao nahele a me nā wao nahele semi. Kānā ʻia kēia mau nāhelehele i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2000 m ma luna o ke kai, a makemake lākou i nā ʻaoʻao hema o nā mauna a me nā wahi e kokoke ana i nā kumu wai.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka mānoanoa pōkole ʻo ka bula constrictor ma kahi pālahalaha he pōkole mānoanoa, kahi ʻōpala mānoanoa ka maka. Ua pōkole kona poʻo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kona ʻāʻī. Nā papaluna nā pāpale dorsal. He liʻiliʻi nā maka, ua kū ke haumana. Ma ka luna luna he 14-20 (awelika 17) kūlohelohe niho. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, a ʻoi aku ka ʻike o kā lākou anal.
Kiʻi nui leieka ʻulaʻula - ʻEkolu mau pihiʻeleʻele ākea (mai ka uliuli, ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula-ʻōmaʻomaʻo), ke kū nei ma ke kino me kahi lei ʻana (hina, hina, brown, mai ka brown a i ka melemele, ke aila a me ke keʻokeʻo). Hiki ke wehewehe maopopo ʻia nā ʻōpala aiʻole me nā ʻaoʻao blurry. ʻAʻole ʻike ka ola o kēia mau reptile ma ke ano, akā i loko o nā zoos ke ola lākou a hiki i 18-30 mau makahiki.
He aha ka nānā me he boa?
ʻO ka constrictor boa, ʻoiai he mau ʻāpana nui loa, he ʻano haʻahaʻa loa ia i nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe i ka ʻohana. ʻAʻole ia he mea nui e pili ana i ka nui i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana - i kekahi mau wahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kahe i ʻehā mau mita he ʻehā mau lōʻihi. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine - ua ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o ka wahine ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka paona mea kokoke he 25 kilogram, akā i kekahi manawa ke hiki ke hālāwai me nā ʻelima kilokilo 50. Eia nō kekahi, ʻānō ka manawaleʻa o nā kala i ka palena o kahi e noho ai.
ʻO ka Basas, he ʻulaʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a me ka hina hina. Hoʻonui nui nā kiʻi i ka camouflage. ʻO ka ʻeke a boa o ka pua nani he uapo nani ia.
Hoʻomaopopo!
He ʻōiwi ʻoniʻī nā pua holoholona, me nā ʻāpana o ke kala he ʻekolu. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana o ka hapanui ka ʻelua o nā pūnaka, kahi i ʻike nui ʻia ai ka ʻōpū kūpono ma mua o ka hema. ʻAʻole hoʻi he mea nui ka nui o nā reptile i hala i ka hope.
Nā hana ola
Hoʻohana wale ʻo Boas i ko lākou ola nui wale nō. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e moe ai, e hoʻolelewa ʻo ke kāne me ka wahine. He mau holoholona nocturnal nā Boas, a i ke ao, hiamoe lākou. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā nahesa ʻōiwi a me ka nui o ka ʻeke.
ʻAʻole ʻike kekahi i ka hoke oroa make, no ka mea, ua pau nā lālā o ka ʻohana. ʻOiai ʻo kēia ʻuhane, ʻeha nui nā lehelehe, a pale ʻo ia iā ia iho, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha nui. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e ulu wale ka ʻōpū ʻana i nā hōʻeha, i hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o kahi boa constrictor.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, hiki ʻole ke lele ʻana e lipi mua i mua, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e pili i nā mea kūwaho. Eia naʻe, pale maʻalahi iā ia iho i kāna hua a hiki i kekahi hoa paio i ke kaua.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻano o ka nahesa ka maʻalahi e hoʻoili. Ma muli o kēia, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea i makemake i pio. Akā, no kēlā mau mea nui, pono ka terrarium kūpono.
No ka nohona hui, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kāne, no ka mea, ua hoʻonaninani ʻia i ka ʻelele o ko lākou ʻano kāne. Ka mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā wahine i loko o nā ʻāpana he nui.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ka papaʻaina o ka nahesa e komo i nā rodents, nā manu, nā mea ʻeli. Eia kekahi, pono e ʻōlelo ʻoi ka nui o ka boa constrictor, ʻoi aku ka mea pio. No ka hopu holoholona kiʻekiʻe, pono kahi ʻikepili, kahi e kaua ʻia ai kahi mea kuhi. Lālau ʻo ia i ka mea pio me nā niho ʻimi, a laila hoʻopau me ke kōkua o kona kino.
Noho paha ka mea maʻamau ma ʻehiku, a i ʻole mau lā, a ʻeli loa ia. Pono ka hoʻohui i nā metabolism i hoʻohui ʻia ma aneʻi.
Ke noho maʻamau
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau boas i kahi ʻano pilikino. I nā mahina wela kauwela wela, ikaika lākou i ka pō a me ke aʻalulu, i ka hoʻoilo - i ka wā lā Hoʻopau lākou i kahi (3 mau mahina) i nā ana a i ʻole nā pua. ʻO ka pīpī boa constrictor ma ka pano neʻe lūlū me ke ʻano o ka "uka mākaʻi", ʻaʻole piʻi i nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. Ke lele ka mea hānai, he boa ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia iho i ka pōkole, hūnā i kona poʻo a hoʻokuʻu i kahi mea ʻoniʻoni pungent mai loko o nā kolo ductal.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka manawa / kahiki o kēia mau ʻano e hāʻule i ka Mei-Iulai. Wahine wahine Kalifornia boa viviparous, hoʻokahi mau makahiki ʻelua kā lākou keiki. ʻO ka hana kūloko a me ka hakakā no ka wahine ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i nā kāne. I loko o ka wā hoʻokūkū, manaʻo ke kāne i ke kino o ke kāne me kona alelo, a ʻo ke kāne kāne. Puni mālie ke kāne ma ka ʻaoʻao o laila, hoʻopili iā ia me nā "claws" - nā wili o nā wāwae hind. Hoʻomoe ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka embryo i ke kino o ka wahine a kū i ka lā 103-143 mau lā. Hānau ʻia ka wahine i nā keiki o 3-14 (ma ka awelika 6.5) 18-36 cm ʻokoʻa mau a hele kūʻokoʻa nā poʻe ʻōpio i ka wā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻaʻole ka wahine i komo i ko lākou hopena o ka wā e hiki mai ana. Kahi ka molt mua i loaʻa iā lākou i ka lā 7-10th. I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, ulu ʻelua mau pōpoki. Hiki i nā kāne ke ulu wahine a i ka lōʻihi o 43-58 cm, nā wahine - i ka lōʻihi o 60 cm, e kū pinepine kēia no nā makahiki 2-3 o ke ola.
He kiʻi constrictor Boa - wehewehe, hoʻolālā, ʻano hiʻohiʻona, ke kiʻi
Ma waena o nā boas aia kekahi mau higants maoli, no ka laʻana ka anaconda vulgaris (lat. Eunectes murinus), hiki i ka lōʻihi o nā mea he 10 mika.
Anaconda vulgaris (lat. Eunectes murinus). ʻO ke kiʻi e: Dave Lonsdale
ʻO nā pokela ka liʻiliʻi loa he boas earthen, e piʻi ana i ka nui mai 30 a 60 cm.
Kuban earthen constrictor (lat.Tropidophis melanurus). ʻO ke kiʻi e: Thomas Brown
ʻO ka hoʻonaninani o nā puaʻa e like me nā kala ākea i ko lākou mau wahi. Hiki iā ia ke komo i nā kala hina-brown o nā ʻano e noho ana ma ka honua, a i ʻole ke kukui paha, i kekahi manawa ke hoʻohālikelike i nā kala i nā kanaka e noho ana ma nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea ʻihi lāʻau. ʻO kekahi mau Boas ka palaka ma ke kino, a me nā wahi nui a he ʻāpana paha paha o kahi pōʻai, oblong a i ʻole ka rhomboid helehelena a me nā ʻano kala like ʻole, aʻo nā pōpoki hiki i nā pū ʻole a i ʻole maka nā maka.
I kekahi mau ʻano, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ka ʻili i nā pali metallic o nā kala a pau o ka anuu (no ka laʻana, i loko o ka puʻu boa). Hiki i ka boas honua ke hoʻololi i ke kala, loaʻa ke kala ʻula a ʻeleʻele paha. I ka pō, ʻike ʻia nā wahi me nā kukui a me nā alana i ko lākou kino, e hana ana i ka hopena phosphorescent.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka puaʻa, i kahi ʻokoʻa i ke poʻo pāwili a me ka haʻalele ʻana o nā manamana lima, he kino lōʻihi a he muscular me ka ʻāpana koleka. He kino cylindrical ke kino o ke ʻano o ka paila, he pohō a maikaʻi loa hoʻi.
ʻAʻohe o kahi ʻāʻī i ka ʻāʻī o ke ʻano kahakai, ka ʻili a he pōkole.
He ʻano ʻano kūlike ka pale ʻana o kahi boa constrictor, ae ʻae iā ia e ale i kahi waiwai nui. Loaʻa kēia i ka pili o ka pilina o nā iwi o ka ʻaoʻao o ka mua, a me ka elastic articulation o nā ʻāpana o ka iwi haʻahaʻa me kēlā me kēia. ʻAʻole wale nā niho hāpima i nā iwi āpau wale, akā ma nā iwi nā mea pili o ke waha (palatine, pterygoid a intermaxillary). ʻO kēia pili i ka pono o nā boas e pono i nā niho e huki i ka waiwai hopu, akā ke hoʻopaʻa wale a hoʻokū hou i nā mea i loko o ka esophagus. Ma ka kaili o ke poʻo nā kerutesized scutes o ka nui nui, hui pū ʻia i kekahi kauoha. ʻAʻole i like me nā lepa, nā iwi infraorbital o nā puaʻa i nele.
ʻAʻole like me nā bora ʻē aʻe, ma Mascarene boas ka iwi maxillary i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 2 mau ʻāpana e pili ana i ka pilina: ʻo ka mua a i hope.
He mea hoihoi ia ke ʻano o ke poʻo pōkole a me ka ʻūhā. ʻO ka mākāki ma luna o ke kao, e lawelawe nei me he eli hana ʻana, ua hōʻailona ʻia i mua, no laila aia ka puʻupuʻu waha.
Hoʻokomo ka scutellum intermaxillary nui i ka ʻāpana o ke poʻo, e lawe ana i ka ukana a pau i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea paʻi i ka lepo. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā ihu o mua o nā ʻūhā o lalo a me ka lalo o ka boa o ke kua.
ʻAʻole like me nā reptile ʻē aʻe, ka hapa ma mua a me nā ʻāpana hope o ka pale, nā pale i ka kūlana rudimentary i mālama i nā iwi pelvic. Eia kekahi, waiho lākou i nā koena o ka wāwae o ka hind, kahi i ʻike ʻia i nā pakanawahine e pili ana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻuʻuna.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe: no ka laʻana, no Mascarene boas, he mau loko ʻole kēia mau ʻōpala.
Nā puʻuwai pili i loko o ke cesspool o ka boa constrictor maʻamau. ʻO ke kiʻi e: Stefan3345
Aia i ka nui o ka constrictor boa, ka nui o ka vertebrae e kūkulu ana i ka pou vertebral hiki ke laulā mai 141 a 435. ʻO kahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka hana o ka ʻuā o nā nahe, ʻo ia ka hala o kahi sternum, e hoʻolilo i ka nui o ka iwi.
ʻO nā ʻōiwi o loko o kēia mau reptile kahi elongated i hoʻololi ʻia, ma muli o ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o ke kino. Aia nā hui hele i nā asymmetrically, a hiki ke ulu pololei ʻole. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka nui ma mua o ka hema. Ma nā ʻunikela earthen (lat. Tropidophiidae), he loko hema hema ke ʻano - ua liuliu i ka ʻeha a (tracheal) a ʻōpiopio ʻia e ka hoʻopulapula o ka ʻaha o ka trachea.
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o ka pōʻai i loko o ka puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a me kahi ulu spinal maikaʻi i hoʻolālā ʻia, kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena o ka ʻiʻo.
I ka wahi e puni ana, alakaʻi ʻia nā boas e ka manaʻo o ke ʻano a me ka paʻi.
Eia kekahi, lawe ʻia ka hapanui o nā ʻike e nā mea ʻona wela e mālama ana ma ke alo o ka puuhaluhi, a me kahi alelo ʻokiʻoki, ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻike i ka lolo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pūliki make, kahi ʻano loiloi manuahi.
ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi loa ka ʻike o nā boas. Hoʻokomo kēia ma muli o ka mea maoli e uhi mau nā maka me nā haumāna i poni ʻia i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, i hana ʻia mai nā pūlima i hoʻopili pū ʻia.
Kili iki nā maka o ke one o ke one no ka paʻakai, a me ka nū ʻana i ka lepo, hiki i ka boa ke nānā i nā mea a pau e kū mai ana ma ka ʻaoʻao me ka ʻole o ke kulu ʻana i kona poʻo.
Ma muli o ke ʻano ʻole o nā reptile, me ka puka ʻana o ka auditory ma waho, a ua ʻōwili ʻole ka pepeiao waena, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka moʻo a pau e kahe i nā lewa.
ʻO ke kino o nā puaʻa mai nā ʻaoʻao a mai luna aku hoʻi i uhi ʻia i nā unahi rhomboid-roundish, he pākuʻi kekahi i kekahi. Aia kēlā mau papa i kau ʻia i nā laina lōʻihi a diagonal paha. Ma waena o nā unahi o nā laina laulā he mau ʻili o nā ʻiliʻili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi, e ʻae ana i ka integument e laulā nui. ʻO nā papa i loaʻa ma ka ʻōpū o ka reptile he ʻano transversely elongated a hoʻohui pū ʻia e nā ʻili o ka ʻili.
Ke ulu nei lākou, ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka exfoliates. Ke hele nei ke kaʻina hana o ka molting, me ka loli mua o ka ʻili i hala i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka nahesa. I nā hōʻola palekana, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻololi i ka uhi i nā manawa 4 i ka makahiki.
Lawe ʻia mai ka pūnaewele: www.reptarium.cz
ʻAuhea e noho ai nā māla?
Noho ʻo Boas ma Hema a me Central America, ma Cuba, ma ke komohana a me ke komohana o ʻAmelika Kalerika, ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻApelika, i Hema a me Central Central, ma nā mokupuni o ka mokupuni ʻo Malay, ma Hawaiʻi, Jamaica, Haiti, ka mokupuni o Trinidad, ma New Guinea. Noho kekahi mau ʻano (nāhelehele huki a me Kalebona poʻa) i noho i nā moku komohana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a pēlā ma Kanada hema.
ʻO ka pā kima, a i ʻole nā wīwī, e pālahalaha loa ana i ka Central and South Asia, a me East and North Africa, the Middle East, and Asian country (Iran, Afghanistan, Western China, India, and Pakistan). Noho kekahi mau poʻe noho ma Rūsia (Dagestan, Central a Eastern Transcaucasia) a me nā ʻāina CIS (Kazakhstan, Mongolia).
Noho ka honua i nā Mexico, Hema a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia i nā Bahamas a me nā Antilles.
Noho ʻo Rehas ma luna o nā mokupuni o Hawaiʻi a me Reunion.
Hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻano ʻano ʻano puaʻa i nā wahi like ʻole: aia kekahi mau ʻōiwi i nā nāhele lāʻau maloʻo a maloʻo paha, kahi i noho ai lākou i nā lālā o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea kanu lāʻau, nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e noho pōkole a i ʻole nāhelehele, nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e koho i nā kahe ākea. nā pāpale a me nā loko, a me nā puʻu awāwa. Loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano puaʻa i kahi kokoke i kahi kanaka. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka naheka ma nā lāʻau a me nā hale i haʻalele ʻia. Ma ke ala, he aneane like nā lōlū hale, no ka laʻana, kahi koi boa constrictor maʻamau, e mālama nei ka poʻe kamaʻāina i loko o nā hale a i nā hale ʻaina no laila ka hopu ʻana i kēia ʻīlio i nā kiʻī a me nā kiʻi.
Ma ke ala a i ʻole ke ʻano, he mau ʻūhā lau ka nā ʻōpala: noho lākou i ka papapa, nā wao nahele a me nā semi-deses, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia wale nō i ke one, akā ke kāwili ʻia a me nā ʻoloka maʻa, hana ma ke ala o nā ʻōpala i pōkole ma ka lepo a i lalo o nā pōhaku, i kanu ʻia ma ke one. a me ka ʻalae, ʻāʻuku e puhaka ana i loko o kahi e kau ai.
He aha nā kai a boa constrictor?
He ʻokoʻa loa kaʻai ʻana o nā mākeke. ʻAʻole pili wale nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā manu, nā manu a me nā amphibians, akā nā lālā nui nō hoʻi o ka honua holoholona (antelopes, crocodiles). Ke hānai nei nā kīlaʻai liʻiliʻi i ka nui, nā mōʻī, nā lālani, nā bako, nā pōmele, ka wai wai a me nā manu ʻē aʻe a me kā lākou mau manu (nā manu, nā pigeons, nā pūliki a me nā manu liʻiliʻi). ʻO kekahi nō hoʻi o ka nui a ka poʻe iʻa, he agouti, paki, mea ʻai. ʻO nā paʻu Cuban, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, hopu i nā pā. ʻO ka paʻa nui loa, ka laʻana, ʻo anacondas, hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu me ka capybaras, nā crocodiles liʻiliʻi (nā caimans), a me nā ʻōhulu nui. Eia nō hoʻi, hiki i kahi boa constrictor ke hōʻeha i kahi holoholona i hoʻokokoke aku i kahi lua wai: he ʻīlio, kahi puaʻa, ka moa a i ʻole ka pā.
Ke hoʻopiʻi nei ʻoe i ka mea pepehi, hoʻopuni ʻia nā pahu e ko lākou mau apo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e uhaʻi i nā iwi o kā lākou mau ʻai, no ka mea ʻaʻole e hōʻino i kā lākou digestive system.
ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻaina lehu i loaʻa i ka rodents liʻiliʻi (hamsters, jerboas, gerbils a me nā kiʻi) nā manu, nā manu liʻiliʻi (sparrows, wagtails), a me nā lizards (geckos, agamas, roundheads, a me nā mō'ī). ʻAi ka poʻe ʻōpio i nā ʻūhini a me nā ʻōʻī ʻeleʻele. I ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua, naholo koke nā nahu i nā puʻu o nā rodents. Hāpai ʻia nā ʻōpio ke one e nā niho me ka maʻalahi o ka pepehi ʻia, ka ʻoki ʻana i nā apo 2-3 o ko lākou ʻuhane a puni o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia.
ʻ claimlelo ʻepekema ʻoiaʻiʻo e ʻimi nei i nā nahe a a ola i ka wā lōʻihi ma Amazonia e ʻōlelo ana i ka constrictor nui a ke kanaka i hiki ai ke ale i ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pua ma mua o kona kino inā ʻaʻole ka nui o ka pōpoki ma mua o 60 kg (mau puaʻa manuʻa, nā kāʻei liʻiliʻi a me nā antelope). Hiki i nā poʻe ʻōpio o nā holoholona nui ke lilo i mea pio.
ʻAʻole i like me nā nakahi e ae, hiki i kēia mau reptile ke hopu i ka pōʻeleʻele piha. Loaʻa iā lākou nā receptors kūikawā ma waena o nā ihu a me nā maka, e nānā ana i ka wela. ʻAe kēia iā boas e ʻike i ka mea kokoke i ka mea mamao mai kahi wela mai ka wela o ka wela mai kona kino.
Pāʻai liʻiliʻi nā Boas. Ke komoʻana i kahi ʻāpana nui, hiki iā lākou ke noho me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai i kekahi mau pule i kekahi mau mahina.
Pehea e luku ai nā pōpoki i kā lākou mea waiwai?
ʻOiai ka manaʻo lanakila ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana o nā boa, ʻaʻole paʻa maoli kēia manaʻoʻiʻo. I ka wā mua, ua kanalua ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he koi kūlohelohe kanaka i ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau minuke, a ua make nā mea pōpilikia o ka haki ma kahi o 60 kekona. Ma waena o nā makahiki 90, ua loaʻa hope nā zoologistʻAmelika e hōʻoia i ka make ʻole o nā mea hōʻala o ka boa mai ka hapa ʻole o ka oxygen, akā mai ka hopu pio ʻana, ka mea e hopohopo i ka hopuia.
No ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi, hoʻokomo ʻia nā catheters i loko o ka lāʻau me nā veins i mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i ke kahe koko a me nā electrodes e hoʻokuʻi ai i nā puʻuwai o ka naʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Rats i kēia ala no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻana i nā pōlani, akā ma hope o ka ʻili ʻana a ka nahe i ke koʻokoʻo a make, ua koho ʻia ka mea hoʻopili a hana ʻia kā lākou hōkeo ʻana.E like me nā hopena o ka hoʻokolohua, ʻike nā zoologists i ka manawa o nā kaomi ʻalopona make i loko o ka rodents, ke piʻi nui ke kahe o ke koko a piʻi nui ka ʻōhumu me ke ala, kahi i hala koke ai i ke koko. Ma kahi hiki ʻole ke kīkaha me ke kahe ʻana i ke koko ma lalo o ke kaomi nui, hoʻomaka ka puʻuwai o nā mauhele i ka hana kūʻokoʻa a ma kahi hopena.
Nā ʻano ʻano Boas, nā kiʻi a me nā inoa
Ma mua, ua loaʻa nā ʻano ʻala like me kēia ʻohana i ko lākou ʻohana i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa.
- ʻO nā ʻoni Mascarene, a i ʻole Boleriids (lat. Bolyeriidae),
- Honoluna honua (lat.Tropidophiidae),
- Nā wahaheʻe hewa ʻole, a i ʻole boa constrictors (lat. Boidae).
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka papahele, a, e like me ka waihona pūnaewele www.itis.gov, nā ʻano kīwī ma nā ʻohana like ʻole:
- Boidae (Grey, 1825)
- Bolyeriidae (Hoffstetter, 1946)
- Calabariidae (Grey, 1858)
- Candoiidae (Pyron, Reynolds and Burbrink, 2014)
- Charinidae (Grey, 1849)
- Erycidae (Bonaparte, 1831)
- Sanziniidae (Romer, 1956)
- Tropidophiidae (Brongersma, 1951)
Nui nā manu he ʻilihune a makaʻu ʻole. ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻe kahi wehewehe ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano ʻano puaʻa.
- Makana Maui BoaAcrantophis madagascariensis)
Noho ʻo ia ma kahi wao nahele i ka ʻākau o ka mokupuni o Hawaiʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka boa a hiki i 2-3 mika. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa i kahi hiʻohiʻona i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻenehana kūloko, a me ka ʻili i nā ʻaoʻao nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā kuʻina. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻōpū o kēia reptile i nā kala hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā wahi ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka umauma holoʻokoʻa i hoʻolaha i kahi metallic tint kaila.
- Laika He Mele (Sanzinia madagascariensis,hononili Boa manditra)
ʻO kahi ʻano maʻamau ka ʻike o nā makahiki ʻo Hawaiʻi. Hiki i nā kahe ʻelemakule nei ke lōʻihi i 2.13 m, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou ka lōʻihi o 1.2-1.5 m wale nō, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka kala a me ka nui o nā lāʻau boas e hilinaʻi i ka noho. Loaʻa nā poʻe nui i ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka mokupuni, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā kala melemele-brown, a ma ka hikina - hina-hina a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻAʻole pili i ka ʻāina māhele, makemake kēia mau reptile e noho kokoke i ka wai kaʻaka wai. ʻO ka mea hana nui i nā pō mau a me nā pō. Noho aneane nā manawa āpau, hoʻopau ka noho lāʻau lāʻau i ka lei aliʻi o nā kumulāʻau paha i nā lāʻau kokoke i ka wai, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi ma ka ʻāina, ka mea maʻamau ke iho mai i nā kumulāʻau i ka pō.
- Kanohi boaʻĀkana constrict)
Noho ia i nā ʻāina o South a me Central America, a me nā Antilles Maikaʻi. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia ʻo ia i ka mokuʻāina ʻo Florida, ma kona wahi i kūleʻa ai ke aʻa. ʻO ka nui o nā pākeke ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka wahine - hiki iā lākou ke lōʻihi a hiki i 5 mika lōʻihi. He paona maʻamau ʻo 10 ka 15 kg, ʻoiai ke kaupaona nei o ke kaumaha o kekahi mau mea i ka 30 kg. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kua o kēia mau reptile i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kala kukui, kofe a ʻulaʻula paha, ma ke ʻano he pololi ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻano melemele i loko o ka ʻike maka. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka constrictor maʻamau me nā rhombuses iʻeleʻele, i loko, kahi e like me ke kua, ʻike ʻia nā wahi melemele. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau boa i kahi pōkiola ikaika, no laila ke hele nei lākou i ka huki manu i ka manawa kino.
- Kandoya ribed a i ʻole keʻa Kepani,Candoia carinata)
He mea ia no ka ʻohana o nā pseudopods, a mai ka makahiki 2014 ua hāʻawi ʻia i kahi ʻohana kaʻawale o Candoiidae. Aia nā mākaʻi he mau ʻokoʻa like ʻole kekahi a me kahi e noho ana ma New Guinea a me nā mokupuni e kokoke ana ma (Sulawesi, Mooluksky, Santa Cruz, Solomonov). ʻAʻole ulu ka pākeke i ka 1.5 mika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka paona o ka boa e like me 300 g a 1.2 kg. ʻO nā kala o ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka kandoi he oliva-hina, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula. Ma ka hope o ka nahesa he kui ʻeleʻele lahilahi kaila i ke ʻano o kahi zigzag. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano boas e noho ana ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, kahi e ʻimi pinepine ai ia i ke ahiahi a me ka pō.
- Laau-e-kulu manu o ia laau laau boa(Kālā caninus)
Noho ma nā lehelehe kumulā o ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka Amazon. Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ia ʻano inoa no kekahi mea like me waho o ka muzzle o kahi boa constrictor me ke poʻo o ka ʻīlio. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pākeke he 2-3 mika. ʻO ke ola arboreal i hoʻoulu i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao o kēia reptile. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻono o ka ʻōpū, a me nā ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo e hui pū ana i nā ʻāpana ʻōpala e hele ana ma hope o ke kua a hana i kahi ʻano hana umauma i nani ʻia, lawelawe ʻo ia i ka kamelo maikaʻi ʻana i ka lei o nā mea kanu. Kuhi ʻia nā ʻōpiopio a me nā poʻe ʻōpio i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā niho mua o kahi boa constrictor e paʻa ana i ka mea i lawe ai ke hiki i ka lōʻihi o 38 mm. I ke ao, ua hoʻomaha ka poʻo o ka ʻīlio ʻana, a kahe i waho e huluhulu me ka lepo.
- Luna boa constrictorCorallus hortulanus)
Noho nā poina kūlohelohe o ke kūkulu hema o Colombia a me Venezuela. Aia ka poʻe ma ka ʻākau a ma ke komohana o Brazil a me ʻEkuador. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia pili o Trinit a me Tobago, Suriname, Bolivia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o kahi constrictor boa mai 1.5 a 1,8 mika, ʻoiai ke hiki i kekahi mau spimens a hiki i ka 2.5 m. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kala o nā boas kebul: mai ka melemele, ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula hoʻi i ka hina hina, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeleʻele paha. Ma ka kua aia nā mea i ʻike ʻia i nā blurry, e hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ma nā ʻehā kālā. I ke ao, hoʻomaha ka boa i ka nahele o nā lāʻau a haʻalele ʻole ai i nā manu nalo, a hele i ka hopu i ka pō. I nā hanana liʻiliʻi, iho i lalo o ka lepo.
- Kaulana Kawa (Nā Epicrates cenchria)
Aia kekahi inoa ʻākomo. ^ E Ha yM. Noho ka holoholona nō nā nahele kūloko o Central a me ʻAmelika Hema. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia reptile nani ma ʻAmelika, Brazil, Peru a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika Hema. Hiki i nā pākeke ka lōʻihi o 1,5-2 mika. ʻO ke kala nui o ke kino o ka ʻōpū o ka anuʻu e hilinaʻi nei i nā subspecies a he brown, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole paha. I kekahi mau subspecies, loaʻa ke kino o ke kino me nā waiho ʻole o nā wahi, ʻoiai i nā subspecies ʻē aʻe, he wahi ʻeleʻele a he kukui paha nā wahi a he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe paha. ʻO nā unahi āpau o kahi boa constrictor he pale pale. ʻOiai ka mea paʻa ke hiki i kēia constrictor boa ke hele maikaʻi loa, alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke ʻano o ka ʻāina.
- ʻEleʻele-ʻulaʻula a me ka melemele boa constrictor (Chilabothrussubflavus, hoolala. Epicrates subflavus)
He mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo wale ʻano lūʻai e noho nei ma Jamaica. Ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, kani ke ʻano o ka inoa o kēia naheka "Jamaican boa constrictor." Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne a ulu a hiki i 2 mika a ʻoi aʻe paha. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao mua o ke kino o ka nahesa he ʻāpana melemele me nā wahiʻeleʻele, e hoʻonui ai i ka nui e kokoke ke kokoke i ka huelo a hoʻohui pū i kahi kala hoʻokahi i ka ʻili, e hana ana i kahi ʻano ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele me nā wahi melemele liʻiliʻi. ʻEleʻele ka huelo o ka boa constrictor, ʻoneki ʻia ke poʻo i nā kala hina. He melemele nā maka o ka nahesa, a aia nā kāʻei hiʻohiʻona ma hope o nā maka. He ʻulaʻulaʻula me ka waiho ʻia i loko o ke kino ka ʻē ʻana. Noho ʻo Jamaica i ke kai kūloko a me nā ululāʻau mauna, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano hana ʻāina a ikaika i ka pō. ʻO ka pinepine ma nā ʻeleʻele a me ka melemele i pāpaʻi ma nā ʻōpū, nā rodents a me nā manu ʻē aʻe i komo pū i loko o ka meaʻai.
- ʻO Dominican lemes-lipped boa constrictor (Chilabothrusfordii i, hoolala. Epicrates fordii i)
Hoʻouna ʻia ma nā mokupuni o Tahiti a me Gonav. Kūpono nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano a me ka liʻiliʻi, e loaʻa ana i ka lōʻihi o 85-90 kenimika, me nā wahine he nui a keu ka nui o nā kāne. E lohi aku ke kino o nā kanaka a pau, i paʻi ʻia i nā ʻulaʻula a me ke kala ʻulaʻula, no laila ua loaʻa kēia inoa ʻoki ʻole ʻole "red boa constrictor". Ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili he mau wahi kaila ʻokoʻa nā ʻano like ʻole. Ma lalo o nā kukui o ka lā, shimmer a scales like me kaʻaina. Hoʻokomo nā kaulike Dominican i kahi keehi huna terrestrial huna, hopu i ka pō.
- Anake Anaconda (Eunectes murinus)
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka reptile nui loa o ka ʻohana o nā b constrictors boa. ʻO ka wai boa constrictor, e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia i mua o nā ʻāpana anaconda. Aia kekahi kanaka pākahi nona ka lōʻihi ma mua o 5 mika. Ua hōʻike aku kekahi mau kumu i ka lōʻihi o 11 mika. Hiki i ke kaumaha Anaconda ma mua o 100 kg (no ka laʻana, hōʻike ʻo National Geographic i ke kiʻekiʻe nui o 227 kg). Aia ma ke kua o ka nahesa, i waiho ʻia i nā kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kala, ʻelua mau laina o nā ʻāpana polū. Aia nā wahi ma nā ʻaoʻao i ka melemele a ʻili ʻia a lihilihi. Kele ʻia ka ʻōpū a ʻeleʻele ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele. Loaʻa ka nui anaconda i nā nahele ulu o ʻAmelika Hema, kahi e noho ai nā wai o nā kahawai a me nā haʻalulu, e komo pū me ka Amazon. Holo ia i ka pō a me ke ao.
- Koho Konouno (Eryx mau miliaris)
Mokuʻāina ia i ka ʻohana pseudopods, a i kēia manawa ka lawe ʻia ʻana i loko o kahi ʻohana ʻē aʻe ʻo Erycidae. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ka nahesa i ke ʻano burrowing. Noho ka boa constrictor noho i nā wahi wao o ʻAkelika Tengah a loaʻa i nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka Ciscaucasia. Ka nahesa me ke kino e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi o 40-80 cm ka paʻi ʻia i nā pale melemele-brown, nā wahi brownish me nā blurry contours e kū kū'ē i kahi kūlana ākea. He ʻēpolo lau ʻia ke poʻo o kahi mea i kahakai, a nānā ke maka i nā maka. ʻO ka hana o ka reptile ka mea i hilinaʻi i ka manawa o ka makahiki: i ka pūnāwai a me ka lohi ka mea ikaika a ka holoholona i ka lā, akā i ke kauwela ke makemake nui ia i ka ʻimi manuahi i ka pō. ʻO ka ʻai o nā mea ʻaluna, nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā mea liʻiliʻi, a me nā rodents, i loko o nā pua o kahi e hi mālie.
- Nā māla Mascarene
ʻO kekahi ʻohana nona nā genera 2 (ka genus Bolerii a me ke ʻano ʻo Arboreal Mascarean boas), nona nā ʻelele i ka mokupuni liʻiliʻi o ka Puni, aia ma ke komohana komohana o Mauritius. ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻano mua, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea nāna i kū loa-kaha bolieria (Bolyeriamultocarinata), i kēia lā ke kāhea ʻia nei i ka nīnau - ʻoiaʻiʻo paha, ua nalowale kēia ʻolua ma muli o nā loli i nā kūlana ola. ʻO Arboreal Mascarean constrictor (Mascarean constrictor Schlegel) (Casarea dussumieri) - He ʻoki ʻuʻaha ʻehā e ulia ana i ka pau ʻole, no laila e kūkulu ʻia nā polokalamu kūikawā ma ka mokupuni e hoʻihoʻi i ka lehulehu. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka boa i ka 1-1,5 mika, ma waena o ke poʻo a me ke kino ka wili o ka ʻāʻī i hōʻike ʻia, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huika o ka nahesa, me kahi puʻupuʻu koi. ʻO ka kalaʻala he ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻoliva, ma ke kala nui nā laina laulā lōʻihi o ke kala ʻeleʻele. Ma ke poʻo o ka mea nani no ka pā kulu manu like.
Lawe ʻia mai i ka pūnaewele: sustainablepulse.com
Life boa ke ola
Pono ka ola o ke ola o kahi boa constrictor pili i kāna ʻano a me ke kūlana ola. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki ke loaʻa wale nā ʻikepili i hiki i ke ola o nā nahesa e pili ana i nā spekensia i paʻa i ka pio, no ka mea, hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano o nā boas i ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe. Kekahi mau ʻano, kahi hoʻohālike, kahi coa constrictor maʻamau, noho i ka noho pio ma mua o 10 mau makahiki a hiki ke ola a hiki i 23-28 mau makahiki. Noho ʻo Anacondas i ka nahele no kahi mau makahiki he 5-6 paha, akā ʻo ka anaconda i noho lōʻihi ma Wakinekona Zoo: ʻo kona makahiki he 28 mau makahiki. Noho ʻo Sandy i loko o ka noho pio ʻana a hiki i 20 mau makahiki. I kēia lā, ka mea paʻa o ka mea paʻa no ka ola ʻana ma waena o nā boas, ʻo ia ka holoholona o Philadelphia Zoo: i 1977, ua make ʻo boa constrictor ʻo Popeye i kona mau makahiki he 40 a ʻekolu mau mahina. Wahi a ka poʻe herpetologists, ʻoi aku ke ola o ka boa i ka noho pio ʻana ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahele i ka nahele.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā puaʻa i ka hihiu
ʻOiai ʻo ka inoa "boa constrictor" kani maikaʻi ʻia kēia helehelena, ikaika maoli loa kēia mau nāhele nui. No nā kamaliʻi nui, ʻo nā manu nui o ka ʻai, nā caimans, nā puaʻa manu a me ka jaguars ka hoʻoweliweli nui. ʻAi ʻia nā paakai liʻiliʻi me ka leʻaleʻa e nā hedgehog, kiaʻi kahepaʻa, coyotes, jackals, kites, nā ʻuhane, nā mongoose.
ʻO kekahi poʻe aloha o nā holoholona hoʻonaninani i loaʻa nā boas ma nā hale a me nā home kūʻokoʻa. ʻO nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana i kahi constrictor boa i loko o kahi terrological home e hilinaʻi nei i ke ʻano o ka nahesa a me kona ʻano ola. No nā kumulāʻau lāʻau, pono nā pā terrariums me nā pā kiʻekiʻe, a no nā wī i ka ʻōpala paʻu, ʻaʻole pono nā mea hohonu. Pono ka nui o ka terrarium i ka nui o ka holoholona, no laila e ulu ana, e pono ke loli ka hale kahiko i kahi nui.
ʻO nā holoholona maloʻo ke kala: no laila, he kūlana koʻikoʻi loa ia e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi. No kēia, pono e hana ka terrarium me kahi ʻōnaehana māmā me ka thermo-sensor, kahi e hiki ai ke mālama i ka wela e pono ai, a me kahi honi e hoʻomalu ai i ka haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā kaʻeola he nui i nā kūlana kūlohelohe e noho nei i nā nāhelehele palupalu, no laila pono e mālama pono ʻia ka wai o ka lālani ma ka 75-80%. He mea kūpono ʻole e mālama i kahi like ʻole i loko o ka terrarium no a i ka manawa hoʻokahi ʻaʻole ia eʻoi aku ma mua o 30-32 ° C, a ma kēlā me kēia ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 21 ° C. ʻAe e ʻae i ka holoholona e hoʻokō i ka thermoregulation o ke kino.
ʻO ka lalo o ka hale no nā māla pono e uhi ʻia me ka pāheʻe, kahi i uhi ʻia i ka lepo e mālama pono ana i ka makuku (no ka laʻana, he kūpono ka substrate e hoʻohana ai i nā hua orchids).
I ka terrarium, he mea kūpono ia e kau i nā lālā a me ka driftwood i kau ai nā ʻano lāʻau i ko lākou manawa, a no nā ʻano terestrial e lilo ai lākou i ka ʻāpana. Ma ke ala, e aʻo ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau mea mai kahi wahi a kahi paha a hoʻololi paha me nā mea hou.
Eia kekahi, pono ka boa home i kahi e hūnā ai iā ia mai ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā maka. No kēia, kūpono nā ipu pono i kūʻai ʻia ma ka hale kūʻai holoholona, a i ʻole nā mea pua nui. Pono e holoi ʻia nā keʻena i kēlā me kēia pule. Hiki ke hoʻohui pū i kēia kaʻina me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka terrarium holoʻokoʻa mai nā huahana koʻikoʻi o nā holoholona. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia me pono ke kīleʻaleʻa me ka pale paʻa paʻa, i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e lūlū ʻia no ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka ea. Inā ʻoe e haʻalele i ka uhi, wehe ʻia kāu home boa.
Pehea e hānai ai i kahi boa constrictor ma ka home?
ʻO ka hānai ʻana i kēlā mau holoholona ʻoiʻa ʻaʻole paʻakikī. ʻO nā mea nui o nā ʻano holoholona, ʻoliʻoli nā mau puaʻa āpau i ka ʻai ʻana i nā rodents a me nā manu o ko lākou nui. No nā poʻe'ōpiopio, kūpono nā mole hou i ka meaʻai, no nā pākeke, nā kiʻi maʻamau. ʻO ka pinepine o ka hānai e hilinaʻi ana i nā makahiki a me ka wahine o ka puaʻa. Hoʻokele pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻōpio a me nā wahine hānai - i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 4-5 mau lā, pono ke loaʻa i nā pākeke ka ʻai i kēlā me kēia 2 pule.
Aneane like ʻole nā ʻano boa i loko o ka home, pono i ka wai inu ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia lā. No laila, ma kahi kihi wela o ka terrarium, pono ʻoe e kau i kahi pahu ākea nui me ka wai. A paʻakikī e huli i ia kīʻaha inu inu, ʻokoʻa ka mea hiki ke lawelawe i kahi kumuwaiwai hou.